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PRACTICAL RECORD BOOK

SUBJECT NAME: FUNDAMENTALS OF CONCRETE

TECHNOLOGY LAB

SUBJECT CODE: CVP441

NAME: Sanjog Chhetri Sapkota

SYSTEM ID: 2018016149

SESSION: 2020-21

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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

FUNDAMENTALS OF CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY LAB
(CVP-441)

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. To determine the gradation of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate using sieve analysis.
2. To determine the water absorption and specific gravity of fine aggregate.
3. To determine the water absorption and specific gravity of coarse aggregate.
4. To determine the specific gravity of cement using Pycnometer.
5. To determine Soundness of cement by Le-Chatelier apparatus.
6. To determine the workability of fresh concrete using slump cone apparatus.
7. To determine the workability of fresh concrete using compaction factor apparatus.
8. To determine the workability of fresh concrete using flow table apparatus.
9. To determine the workability of fresh concrete using Vee-Bee Consistometer.
10. Perform mix design of M20 concrete as per IS 10262:2019.
11. To determine its compressive strength of concrete at 7, 14 and 28 days.
12. To determine the flexural strength of concrete at 7, 14 and 28 days.
13. To determine the split tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimen.
VALUE ADDED LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. To perform mix design of concrete using various mineral admixtures.
2. To determine compressive and flexural strength of concrete using fibers.
3. To perform mix design of self-compacting concrete.

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INDEX
EXPERIMENT TITLE DATE
NUMBER
1. To determine the gradation of fine aggregate and 21st Jan 2021
coarse aggregate using sieve analysis
2. To determine the water absorption and specific gravity 27th Jan 2021
Fine aggregate
3. To determine the water absorption and specific gravity 2nd Feb 2021
of Coarse aggregate

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AIM OF EXPERIMENT

1) TO DETERMINE THE GRADATION OF FINE AGGREGATE AND

COARSE AGGREGATE USING SIEVE ANALYSIS.

A. FOR FINE AGGREGATE

OBJECTIVE: -

To determine the gradation of fine aggregate using sieve analysis.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

➢ Set of IS Sieves (10mm, 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600micron, 300micron,

150micron, 75 micron).

➢ Weighing balance

➢ Enamel tray

➢ Scoop and pan

➢ Sample of aggregate

PROCEDURE: -

1. At first, take 1000g of sample exactly and write it on the observation sheets.

2. after this, clean all the sieves using a wire brush to be clear of aggregates stuck in some gaps.

3. Then we have to prepare the sieves onto the shaking machine from top to bottom, by the size
from biggest (10mm) to smallest (0.075mm).

4. The sample is sieved by using the set of IS Sieves for 10 minutes.

5. After the sieving is done, the aggregates on each sieve are weighed individually.

6. Cumulative weight passing through each sieve is calculated as a percentage of the total
sample weight.

7. The same procedure is followed for two more samples.

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The formula for calculating the percentage retained and percentage passing:

Cumulative % retained =Percentage weight retained on preceding sieve + Percentage

weight retained on succeeding sieve

OBSERVATION TABLE: -

The percentage passing weight so obtained shall than be compared with the permissible values
given in the IS 383. The standard table in IS code shows the permissible values of percentage
passing for different grading zones i.e., Zone I, Zone II, Zone III, and Zone IV. The zone of
the sand thus is determined by comparing the observed percentage passing values with the
permissible values given in the IS 383.

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Data and Calculation for a random sample

Determination of Particle Size Distribution of Fine Aggregates:

Total Weight of Fine Aggregates = 1000g

WEIGHT OF FA
RETAINED (Gms)
IS Sieve I II III AVG PERCENTAGE CUMULATIVE PERCENT
Size RETAINED % PASSING
RETAINED
10mm 0 0 6 2 0.2 0.2 99.8
4.75mm 10 12 14 12 1.2 1.4 98.6
2.36mm 38 30 22 30 3 4.4 95.6
1.18mm 314 322 330 322 32.2 36.6 63.4
600 212 188 224 208 20.8 57.4 42.6
micron
300 272 290 266 276 27.6 85 15
micron
150 110 102 109 107 10.7 95.7 4.3
micron
75mm 20 26 17 21 2.1 97.8 2.2
PAN 24 30 12 22 2.2 100 0

RESULT - FA corresponds to Grading Zone II as per IS 383

RESULT:

In this case, in comparison with Table 4 IS: 383, it can be concluded that the Fine Aggregate
corresponds to Grading Zone II.

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B. FOR COARSE AGGREGATE

OBJECTIVE: -

To determine the gradation of coarse aggregate using sieve analysis.

Test equipment: -

➢ Set of IS Sieves (20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm, 10mm, 4.75mm) including lid and pan.

➢ Weighing Balance

➢ Enamel Tray

➢ Scoop and Pan

➢ Sample of aggregate

Procedure:

1. Take about 1,000 grams of coarse aggregate sample after proper weighing.
2. Place the sample of 1000 grams of CA in the set sieves box arranged in
order with 20mm sieve at the top and 4.75mm sieve at the bottom.
3. Shake the complete set of sieves by varied motions so that each particle
gets sufficient chance of passing through the sieve opening.
4. After a period of time, fraction of sand will be retained on each sieve.
5. Measure the weight of sand retained on each sieve and at last on pan and
record in observation sheet.
6. The sum total of retained weight on all the sieves should be 1000, if not
then for any deviation from 1,000 grams the fractions retained on different
sieves should be adjusted proportionately.
7. Repeat the steps 1 to 6 for two more times.

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The formula for calculating the percentage retained and percentage passing:

Observation table: -

Data and Calculation for a random sample

Determination of Particle Size Distribution of Coarse Aggregates:

Total Weight of Coarse Aggregates = 1000g

WEIGHT OF CA RETAINED

(GMS)
IS Sieve PERCENTAGE CUMULATIVE PERCENT
Size RETAINED PASSING
I II III AVG % RETAINED
20mm
0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0

16mm 52 46 44 47.3 4.7 4.7 95.3

12.5mm 536 454 492 494.0 49.4 54.1 45.9

10mm 320 408 396 374.7 37.5 91.6 8.4

4.75mm 86 82 60 76.0 7.6 99.2 0.8

Pan 6 10 8 8.0 0.8 100.0 0.0

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According to the table given above i.e., IS 383, the sample used for CA gradation is
classified as 20mm Single-Sized Aggregate.

CONCLUSION:

It can be concluded that by conducting the sieve analysis the grading zone of Coarse
Aggregate is measured as 20mm Single-Sized Aggregate

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AIM OF EXPERIMENT

2) TO DETERMINE THE WATER ABSORPTION AND

SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF FINE AGGREGATE
OBJECTIVE: To determine water absorption and specific gravity of fine aggregate.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: Pycnometer, 1000-ml measuring cylinder, thermostatically

controlled oven, Weighing Balance, Enamel Tray, Glass Rod, filter papers and funnel.

PROCEDURE:

1. Take Approximately 2Kg of Fine aggregate sample in saturated surface dry condition.
2. Take 500 gm of this sample for test.
3. Place the sample in pycnometer and fill the pycnometer partly with distilled water.
4. Any air voids inside can be removed by staring with glass rod.
5. Cover the hole of apex of cone and shake the pycnometer to remove any entrapped air.
6. Fill the cone of pycnometer with distilled water using wash bottle.
7. Dry the pycnometer from outside with cloth and record it’s weight by using weighing
machine.
8. Empty the contents of pycnometer in enamel tray.
9. Refill the pycnometer with distilled water to the same level as before and measure the
weight.
10. Remove the water from the sample which is in enamel tray and filter it. The material
retained on the filter paper is returned to the sample after drying.
11. Place the sample in the oven at temperature of 100 degree centigrade for 24 hours.
12. Take out the sample after 24 hours and cool it in an air tight container, and weigh it.
13. Repeat the process and calculate the average value
We know that the formula to Calculate the specific gravity, apparent specific gravity and the
water absorption are given as follows:

Specific gravity =

Apparent Specific gravity =

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Water absorption (in %) =

Where, A=Weight in g of pycnometer containing sample and filled with

distilled water.

B=Weight in g of pycnometer filled with distilled water only.

C=Weight in g of saturated and surface-dry sample.

D=Weight in g of oven dried sample only.

OBSERVATION TABLE: -

Determine water absorption and specific gravity of fine aggregate

DESCRIPTION Sample 1 Sample 2

WEIGHT OF SAMPLE TAKEN, gm 2000 2000
WEIGHT OF SATURATED & SURFACE DRY 500 500
AGGREGATE (C), gm
WEIGHT OF PYCNOMETER + SAMPLE + 1826 1830
WATER (A), gm
WEIGHT OF PYCNOMETER + WATER (B), gm 1514 1518
WEIGHT OF OVEN DRY SAMPLE (D), gm 496 497
SPECIFIC GRAVITY = 2.64 2.64
APPARENT SPECIFIC GRAVITY = 2.70 2.69
WATER ABSORPTION PERCENTAGE DRY 0.81 0.60
WEIGHT (%) =

AVERAGE VALUES
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.64
APPARENT SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.69
WATER ABSORPTION (%) 0.71
Specific Gravity Value for FA should be between 2.6 to 2.9

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RESULT:

Following results are obtained for the provided fine aggregate specimen:

a) Specific gravity: 2.64

b) Apparent specific gravity: 2.69

c) Water absorption: 0.71%

CONCLUSION:

The Specific Gravity value for Fine Aggregate should be between 2.6 to 2.9 and
by the above experiment it was found to be 2.64.

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AIM OF EXPERIMENT

3) TO DETERMINE THE WATER ABSORPTION AND

SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF COARSE AGGREGATE

Objective: To determine water absorption and specific gravity of Coarse aggregate.

Apparatus: Weighing Balance (capacity not less than 5kg), Thermostatically Controlled
Oven, Glass Vessel, Air Tight Container,10mm IS Sieve, absorbent cloth for surface drying of
the sample.

Procedure:

1. Take 1 kg sample of Coarse Aggregate by weighing.

2. Sieve the sample through 10 mm to remove the finer particles
3. Place the sieved sample in a glass vessel.
4. Partly fill the vessel with distilled water.
5. Keep the aggregates immersed for 24 hours, so that they are completely saturated.
6. Entrapped air can be removed by gentle agitation.
7. Overfill the vessel with water and cover with plain ground glass
disk, weigh and record the weight.
8. Empty the vessel and drain out the aggregate.
9. Place the aggregate on a dry cloth.
10. Refill the vessel with distilled water and weigh and record the observation.
11. After the aggregate is in saturated surface dry condition, observe the weight and
record.
12. Place the aggregate in enamel tray and place the tray in the oven at a
temperature of 100 degree centigrade for 24 hours.
13. After 24 hours, take out and cool it in an air tight container and weigh
and record the observation.

CALCULATIONS:
A – Weight of sample + Vessel + Water

B – Weight of vessel and water

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C – Weight of saturated surface dry sample

D – Weight of oven dry sample

Specific Gravity = (D/C-(A-B))

Apparent specific Gravity =(D/D-(A-B))

Water absorption percentage dry weight (%) = (C-D)/(D) *100

DESCRIPTION Sample Sample 2

1

WEIGHT OF SAMPLE TAKEN, gms 1000 1000

WEIGHT OF VESSEL + SAMPLE + WATER (A), gms 3372 3374

WEIGHT OF VESSEL + WATER (B), gms 2754 2754

WEIGHT OF SATURATED & SURFACE DRY SAMPLE

990 992
(C),

gms

WEIGHT OF OVEN DRY SAMPLE (D), gms 982 984

SPECIFIC GRAVITY = 2.64 2.65

APPARENT SPECIFIC GRAVITY = 2.70 2.70

WATER ABSORPTION, PERCENTAGE DRY WEIGHT 0.81 0.81

(%) =

AVERAGE VAUES

SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.64

APPARENT SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.70

WATER ABSORPTION (%) 2.70

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RESULT:

The Specific gravity, apparent specific gravity and water absorption percentage
were found to be 2.64, 2.70 and 2.70 respectively.

CONCLUSION:

The Specific Gravity value for Coarse Aggregate was found to be 2.64 and
water absorption is 2.7 % and can be used for construction works.

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