Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I. Prewriting
II. Drafting
III.Revising
IV.Editing
V. Sharing/Publishing
I. Prewriting:
A. Choose Topic & Narrow it down:
A good way to narrow down a topic is to ask:
when, what, who, why, where, and how
• Example 1:
• General/Broad: Education
• Less General/Restricted: Online Educational Resources
• Limited/Narrowed: OER in ENL 213 class
III. Revising:
- Change / add / delete / rearrange
material using: - Teacher’s feedback
- Peer feedback
- Conference types
IV. Editing:
- Proofreading for themselves
- Editing checklist using
proofreading marks
V. Sharing:
- Publish in an appropriate form
- Publish to the right audience
using: hard covers, note cards,
cardboards, etc.
In addition to WRITING, ENL 213 focuses on Rhetoric
Why Rhetoric?
• The term rhetoric is derived from the Greek “rhetorikos”
related to “rhema” or “ero” which means “said/spoken”.
• Rhetoric is a technique of using language effectively and
persuasively in spoken or written form.
• Rhetoric is an art of discourse, an art that aims to improve
the capability of writers or speakers to inform, most likely to
persuade, influence or even motivate, please particular
audiences in specific situations.
• It is used in general conversation as well as in debate.
Claim Arguments Evidences
• A claim tells what you think
• A reason or argument tells why you think that
• An evidence tells how you know that to be true
• A claim is proven by clear reasons that are supported
by relevant evidence.
• Claims should be Objective based on factual
evidences, such as things that can be verified through
statistics, expert opinion, experiences, without
opinions or feelings attached.
• For more info about “Rhetoric” refer to:
BB, week 2, Theoretical Background 1: What is Rhetoric?