Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER MECHANICS OF
9 MATERIALS
Ferdinand P. Beer
E. Russell Johnston, Jr.
John T. DeWolf
Lecture Notes:
Deflection of Beams
J. Walt Oler
Texas Tech University
Deflection of Beams
Deformation of a Beam Under Transverse Sample Problem 9.8
Loading
Moment-Area Theorems
Equation of the Elastic Curve
Application to Cantilever Beams and
Direct Determination of the Elastic Curve Beams With Symmetric ...
From the Load Di...
Bending Moment Diagrams by Parts
Statically Indeterminate Beams
Sample Problem 9.11
Sample Problem 9.1
Application of Moment-Area Theorems to
Sample Problem 9.3 Beams With Unsymme...
Method of Superposition Maximum Deflection
Sample Problem 9.7 Use of Moment-Area Theorems With
Statically Indeterminate...
Application of Superposition to Statically
Indeterminate ...
1 EI
• At the support B, ≠ 0 , ρ B =
ρB PL
x
= M ( x )dx + C1
dy
dx ∫
EI θ ≈ EI
0
x x
EI y = ∫ dx ∫ M ( x ) dx + C1x + C2
0 0
– Overhanging beam
y A = 0, yB = 0
– Cantilever beam
y A = 0, θ A = 0
+ 16 C1x3 + 12 C2 x 2 + C3 x + C4
SOLUTION:
• Develop an expression for M(x)
and derive differential equation for
elastic curve.
- Reactions:
Pa a
RA = ↓ RB = P 1 + ↑
L L
2 at x = 0, y = 0 : C2 = 0
d y a
EI = − P x 1 a 1
dx 2 L at x = L, y = 0 : 0 = − P L3 + C1L C1 = PaL
6 L 6
Substituting,
dy PaL x
2
dy 1 a 1
EI = − P x 2 + PaL = 1 − 3
dx 2 L 6 dx 6 EI L
1 a 1
EI y = − P x3 + PaLx
PaL2 x x
3
6 L 6
y= −
6 EI L L
© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 - 11
Edition
Third
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
PaL2 x x 3
• Evaluate corresponding maximum
y= − deflection.
6 EI L L
ymax =
PaL2
6 EI
[
0.577 − (0.577 )3 ]
PaL2
ymax = 0.0642
6 EI
w0 x3
M = RA x −
6L
y=
w0
120 EIL
(
− x5 + 2 L2 x3 − L4 x )
θ=
dy
=
w0
dx 120 EIL
(
− 5 x 4 + 6 L2 x 2 − L4 )
w0 L3
at x = 0, θA =
120 EI
Method of Superposition
Principle of Superposition:
• Deformations of beams subjected to • Procedure is facilitated by tables of
combinations of loadings may be solutions for common types of
obtained as the linear combination of loadings and supports.
the deformations from the individual
loadings
SOLUTION:
Superpose the deformations due to Loading I and Loading II as shown.
Loading II
wL3 wL4
(θC )II = ( yC )II =
48EI 128 EI
SOLUTION:
• Release the “redundant” support at B, and find deformation.
• Apply reaction at B as an unknown load to force zero displacement at B.
wL4
= −0.01132
EI
• Redundant Reaction Loading:
2 2
RB 2 L RB L3
( y B )R = L = 0.01646
3EIL 3 3 EI
Slope at end A,
wL3 wL3
(θ A )w = − = −0.04167
24 EI EI
0.0688wL L 2 L
2
wL3
(θ A )R = L − = 0.03398
6 EIL 3 3 EI
Moment-Area Theorems
• Geometric properties of the elastic curve can
be used to determine deflection and slope.
Moment-Area Theorems
• Tangents to the elastic curve at P and P’ intercept
a segment of length dt on the vertical through C.
M
dt = x1dθ = x1 dx
EI
xD
M
tC D = ∫ x1
EI
dx = tangential deviation of C
xC with respect to D
SOLUTION:
• Determine the reactions at supports.
SOLUTION:
• Determine the reactions at supports.
RB = RD = wa
1 wa 2 wa 3
A2 = −
(a ) = −
3 2 EI 6 EI
wa 2 L wa 3
= A1 + A2 = − −
4 EI 6 EI
wa 2
θE = − (3L + 2a )
12 EI
• Deflection at E:
yE = t E C − tD C
L 3a L
= A1 a + + A2 − A1
4 4 4
wa 3 L wa 2 L2 wa 4 wa 2 L2
= − − − − −
4 EI 16 EI 8 EI 16 EI
wa 3
yE = − (2 L + a )
8 EI
© 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 - 31
Edition
Third
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
Maximum Deflection
• Maximum deflection occurs at point K
where the tangent is horizontal.
tB A
θA = −
L
θ K = 0 = θ A +θ K A
θ K A = −θ A