DEMOGRAPHIC

FEATURES OF INDIA

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 CONTENTS

• GROWTH OF INDIAN POPULATION

• COMPOSITION OF INDIAN POPULATION

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GROWTH OF POPULATIONIN
INDIA
• The population of India is very large in size and is
growing very rapidly. As far as the size of
population is concerned ,India ranks second in the
world , next only to china.

• Although India occupies about 2.4 percent of the

total land area of the world , but India consists
of nearly 17 percent of the total population of
the world.

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GROWTH OF POPULATIONIN
INDIA
• At the beginning of the 20th century India s
population was just 23.6crore (1901). According to
2001 census the population of India is 102.86 crore .
As per the latest figures it is more than 121 crore
(2011census)

• India adds one Australia to its population every year

and one Britain in every 3.5 years.

• India s population is almost equal to the combined

population of U.S.A, Indonesia , Brazil , Pakistan ,
Bangladesh , Japan.

• In the present situation the population of India is

expected to grow to 134.5 crore by the year 2021 and
to 172 crore by the year 2060.

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GROWTH OF POPULATIONIN
INDIA
• GROWTH OF POPULATION IN INDIA (1901-2011)

The current population of India in 2020 is 1,380,004,385, a 0.99% increase from

2019.
The population of India in 2019 was 1,366,417,754, a 1.02% increase from 2018.
The population of India in 2018 was 1,352,642,280, a 1.04% increase from 2017.
The population of India in 2017 was 1,338,676,785, a 1.07% increase from 2016.

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COMPOSITION OF INDIA,S
POPULATION
The composition of population of a
country reveals
some truths about

1. AGE STRUCTURE

2. SEX-RATIO

3. RURAL-URBAN DISTRIBUTION

4. DENSITY OF POPULATION

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AGE COMPOSITION
• The study of age composition is helpful in
determining the proportion of the labour force in the
total population.
• The age group of working population in India
is considered as 15-60(yrs).

• On this basis the percentage distribution of India's

population is estimated.
• Year 0-14 15-60
age gro up 60 above

1911 38.8 60.2 1.0

1921 39.2 59.6 1.2
1931 38.3 60.2 1.5
1951 37.4 57.1 5.5
1961 41.0 53.3 5.7
1971 41.4 53.4 5.2
1981 39.7 54.1 6.2
1991 36.5 57.1 6.4
2001 37.3 55.4 7.3
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AGE COMPOSITION
• The two important points can be noted in regard
to the age composition of India's population. They
are

• 1.india is a young nation in the literal sense of the

term. More than half the India's population
consists of young people.

• 2.The age distribution indicates that every one

person, on an average has to earn for himself and
for one dependent also. this is because the
dependency ratio is high in India.

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GENDER COMPOSITION
Sex ratio is a powerful indicator of the social health of any
society conveys a great deal about the state of gender
relations.

Sex ratio refers to the number of females per thousand males.

the sex ratio composition gives the ratio of women to men in
the total population and reflects the relative chances of
survival of women.

The sex ratio in India is against to female population .in fact

two significant things can be observed in the sex distribution
of population in India .they are
1. There is a higher ratio of males in the population
2. There is a rising tendency towards masculinity.
the proportion of females per 1000 males has fallen from 972 in
1901 to 933 in 2001 and 940 in 2011.

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GENDER COMPOSITION
Sex ratio in India

Year Females per 1000 males

1901 972
1911 964
1921 955
1931 950
1941 945
1951 946
1961 941
1971 930
1981 934
1991 927
2001 933
2011 940

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GENDER COMPOSITION
• Over all trend is that sex ratio in India is the lowest in
the world and is a reflection of the gender disparity.
This continuo's decline in sex ratio in the country is
mainly due to:
• 1.Female selective termination of pregnancy.
• 2.Increase in the proportion of male selective migrants
from other countries.
• 3.Reduction in foetal wastage resulting in a decline in
female-male ratio at birth .
• 4.Increased discrimination of females in providing the
minimum nutrition's access to health and other
amenities
• 5.Passion for male child etc .

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GENDER COMPOSITION
. Among the various states of India, Kerala and
Pondicherry recorded a higher proportion of females
i.e. 1,084 and 1,038 respectively in 2011 per 1000
males.
. In the states like Andhra Pradesh , Tamil Nadu , Orissa
,Karnataka , the number of females per 1000 males is
comparatively higher than that of all India ratio.

. States which have recorded a lower ration than the

national average include 1. Rajasthan 2. Bihar 3. Uttar
Pradesh 4. Haryana and 5. Assam .

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SEX RATIO IN MAJOR STATESOF INDIA

STATE 1931 1961 1991 2001 2011

KERALA 1022 1022 1040 1058 1084

HIMACHAL
PRADESH 897 938 996 970 974

ANDHARA 987 981 972 978 992

PRADESH

TAMILNADU 1021 992 972 986 995

ORISSA 1067 1001 972 972 978

KARNATAKA 965 959 960 964 968

MAHARASTRA 947 936 936 922 925

GUJARAT 945 940 936 921 918

ASSAM 874 869 925 932 954

WEST BENGAL 890 878 917 934 947

RAJASTHAN 907 908 913 922 926

BIHAR 994 994 912 921 916

PUNJAB 815 854 888 874 893

UTTARA 904 909 882 898 908

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HARAYANA 844 868 2020 874 861 877
RURAL-URBAN COMPOSITION
• The rural urban composition of India's population
reflects on the pattern of living of country's population.

• As a matter of fact, the ratio of rural-urban population

of a country. As the industries get momentum , ratio of
urban population go on increasing. As India is
predominantly agricultural country ,ratio of urban
population is less as compared to rural population.
• Relative growth of rural and urban population

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Relative growth of rural and
urban population

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Density of population
• The term density of population implies the average number
of persons living per square km.

• In the other words density of population refers to the

average number of persons living per square km of area
within the territory of the country.

• Density of population = total population

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total area
.Density of population is considered as one of the
important demographic features of the population of a
country.
. It helps to determine the magnitude of the burden that
land is being called upon to carry and determine the
future potential growth.

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Density of population
YEAR DENSITY PER YEAR DENSITY PER
SQ.KM SQ.KM

1901 77 1961 142

1921 81 1971 177
1931 90 1981 216
1941 103 1991 278
1951 117 2001 324

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Density of population

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