What is Biogas?

–Biogas is produced through the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of

oxygen, which is referred to as anaerobic digestion. Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH4) and
carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), moisture and siloxanes.
Biogas is a renewable source of energy that belongs to the category of biofuels.

What are the benefits? –This energy release allows biogas to be used as a fuel for any heating
purpose, such as cooking. It can also be used in anaerobic digesters in a gas engine to convert the energy
in the gas into electricity and heat. Biogas can be compressed, much like natural gas, and used to power
motor vehicles. The biogas or anaerobic digestion process leaves a nutrient-rich digestate that can be used
as fertilizer.

The biogas process is often divided into three steps: Hydrolysis, acidogenesis and methanogenesis
1. Hydrolisis, solubilization: insoluble organic materials become soluble organic materials.
2. Acidogenesis, Changes in organic materials can dissolve into organic acids. The formation of
organic acids is happening with the help of non methanogenic bacteria, protozoa and fungi.
3. Methanogenesis, Changes in organic acids into methane and carbon dioxide. This process of
change can occur because of the help of methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacterium and
Methanobacillus).

How to make a simple biogas?

1. Make a starter
Mix 2 liters of cow dung and two liters of water then
chopped grass into a bucket, save and protect during
the two months.
2. Prepare for the waste
 Collect cow manure or other farm animals
 Collect the organic materials in the form of
agricultural waste, market waste, animal waste, or
other organic wastes.
 When the organic materials are dry, crushed first by chopping until smooth and if it is still wet
(fresh), did lacerations to easier decompose, and then store it in the open for about 10 days to
decompose
3. Place waste into biogas unit
 Put 3 buckets of organic materials that have been prepared on together with 3 buckets of
water into the drum volume of 200 liters, then mix well.
 Put the starter which has been prepared above into a 200 liter drum filled organic
ingredients, then put the drum volume of 120 liters with the valves in an open state. Press the
small drum to reach the base of a large drum.
 When the drum volume of 120 liters completely submerged in a mixture of organic materials
contained in the drum volume of 200 liters and the inside of the drum volume of 120 liters
has been filled with organic ingredients, close the taps contained in the drum volume of 120
liters
 Let the drums last for 3-4 weeks.