EE8261 – ENGINEERING PRACTICES LABORATORY

SYLLABUS

GROUP B (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS)

A.ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE
1. Residential house wiring using switches, fuse, indicator, lamp and energy
meter.
2. Fluorescent lamp wiring.
3. Stair case wiring
4. Measurement of electrical quantities – voltage, current, power & power
factor in RLC circuit.
5. Measurement of energy using single phase energy meter.
6. Measurement of resistance to earth of electrical equipment.

B.ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING PRACTICE

1. Study of Electronic components and equipments – Resistor, colour coding
measurement of AC signal parameter (peak-peak, rms period, frequency)
using CRO.
2. Study of logic gates AND, OR, EOR and NOT.
3. Generation of Clock Signal.
4. Soldering practice – Components Devices and Circuits – Using general
purpose PCB.
5. Measurement of ripple factor of HWR and FWR.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB MANUAL

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB MANUAL
 RESIDENTIAL HOUSE WIRING USING SWITCHES, FUSE, INDICATOR, LAMP
AND ENERGY METER.
EX. NO: DATE:

AIM:-
To make simple residential house wiring using switches, fuse,
indicator, filament lamps and energy meter.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:-
S.NO.
NAME OF THE APPARATUS SPECIFICATION QUANTITY
1 Energy meter 5A,1200 Kwh/rev 1
2 Fuse 10A 1
3 Switch -- 1
4 Incandescent Lamp 40W 1
5 Connection wire -- As required

THEORY:-
A switch is used to make or break the electric circuit. It must make the
contact finely. Under some abnormal conditions it must retain its
rigidity and keep its alignment between switch contacts. Different types of
switches are as follows.
1. Surface or Tumbler switch a. Single way switch b. Two way
switch
2. Flush Switch
3. Pull or Ceiling switches
4. Rotary snap switches
5. Push button switch
6. Iron- Clad watertight switches
The fuse arrangement is made to break the circuit in the fault or overloaded
conditions. The energy meter is measuring the units (KWhr) consumed by
the various loads.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB MANUAL

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB MANUAL
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
PROCEDURE:-
1. Mark the bulb and switch positions.
2. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
3. Switch on the supply.
4. Check the lamps are glowing or not in the corresponding
switches are kept in the ON position.
5. Check whether the energy meter responding to the load.

RESULT:-
Thus the simple house wiring by using switches, fuse, indicator,
filament lamps and energy meter was studied.
SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB
MANUAL
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR FLUORESCENT LAMP

STARTER

L1
N

230V AC

SUPPLY

SWITCH
CHOKE

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 FLUORESCENT LAMP WIRING
EX. NO : DATE :

AIM:

To make a fluorescent lamp circuit to be controlled by a single switch.

TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Cutting plier
2. Knife
3. Poker
4. Screw driver
5. Wire stripper
6. Hammer

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

S.NO. MATERIALS REQUIRED

SPECIFICATION
REQUIRED QUANTITY
1 Choke 40 watts,230V 1
2 Starter 40 watts 1
3 Tube light holder -- 2
4 Tube light frame -- 1
5 Tube light 40 watts 1
6 Connection wire -- As required

PRECAUTIONS:

1. All the connections should be tight.

2. Testing of wire should be avoided.
3. Electrical accessories should be fixed tightly by means of screws
with the help of a screw driver and not by hammering

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB
MANUAL
THEORY:

The fluorescent tubes are available in lengths of 0.61m and 1.22m.The

tubes are coated from inside with phosphorous, which is used to convert
ultra violet radiations into visible light and to give the required colour
sensation. A choke is used to give a transient high voltage so as to initiate
the electron movement. With the switch S closed, the circuit gets closed.
The current flows through the choke and the starter. The starter suddenly
breaks thereby breaking the circuit. Due to high inductive property of the
choke, a transient high voltage is available across the filaments. Hence
electrons are emitted and travel through the tube. Such a continuous flow of
electrons produces the sensation of light to human eyes.

PROCEDURE:

1. Take the tube light frame with two holders on the wooden board.
2. Fix the choke and starter as per the wiring diagram.
3. Fix the tube light with the frame and check the light glow by
switching on the switch.

RESULT:

Thus the fluorescent lamp circuit was controlled by a single switch.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR STAIRCASE WIRING

FUSE S1 S2

NEUTRAL LINK

POSITION OF SWITCH STATUS OF LAMP

S1 S2
1 1 OFF
1 0 ON
0 1 ON
0 0 OFF

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 STAIRCASE WIRING

EX. NO: DATE:

AIM :

To control the status of lamp using two way switch by stair case wiring.

TOOLS REQUIRED:

1. Cutting pliers
2. Knife
3. Poker
4. Screw driver
5. Wire stripper
6. Hammer

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

S.NO. REQUIRED
MATERIALS REQUIRED SPECIFICATION
QUANTITY
1 Two way switch 230 V,5A 2
2 Incandescent Lamp 40 watts 2
3 PVC pipe ¾” As required
4 Elbow ¾” --
5 Lamp holder - 1
6 GI Clamp ¾” 4
7 Screw ½” 1” 2” -
8 Connecting wires -- As required

PRECAUTIONS:

1. All the connections should be tight.

2. Twisting of wires should be avoided.
3. Electrical accessories should be fixed rigidly by means of screws with
help of a screw driver and not by hammering.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB
MANUAL
 THEORY:

In this wiring a single lamp is controlled from two places. For this
purpose two numbers of two-way switches are used. When two switches
are in ON or OFF condition, lamp will not glow. This indicates no current
flow to the circuit.

When one switch is in ON and other one is in OFF, then the lamp will
glow which indicates then flow of current in the circuit.

PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare the layout for the wiring diagram.

2. Select the required wires, PVC pipes etc.
3. Fix the PVC pipes and junction boxes on the wooden board as per the
layout.
4. Make the connections as per the wiring diagram.
5. Verify the status cable.

RESULT :
Thus the status of lamp is controlled using two way switch by stair case
wiring.
SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB
MANUAL
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR ENERGY METER

S.NO Voltage Current Time Taken for Indicated energy Actual energy
(v) (Amps) n revolution(Sec) (Ws) (Ws)

Model Calculations:

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY USING SINGLE PHASE ENERGY METER

EX. NO : DATE :

AIM :

To measure the energy using single phase energy meter at UPF load
condition.

APPARATUS REQUIRED :

SNO COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION QTY

1 Voltmeter (0-300V) MI 1
2 Ammeter (0-10A) MI 1
3 Wattmeter 300V /10A , UPF 1
4 Stop Watch - 1
5 Energy meter 1Ф 1
6 Lamp Load - 1 Set
7 1Φ Energy meter 5A,1200Rev/Kwh 1
8 Connecting wires -- As required

FORMULA USED:

Actual Energy= (V*I*cosΦ*t)/3600 joules/sec

Indicated Energy= No. of revolutions/energy meter constant(Kwh)

PRECAUTIONS:

1. There should be no load at the time of starting.

2. The connections must be made proper for UPF.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB
MANUAL
PROCEDURE :

1. The connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. The DPST switch is closed and the rated voltage is applied by varying
the auto transformer.
3. By applying different values of load, ammeter and voltmeter readings
are noted.
4. The time taken for the 10 revolutions of the aluminum disc in the
energy meter is noted.
5. This procedure is repeated for different load values.

RESULT :
Thus the given single phase energy meter was measured and the error
curve was obtained.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

1. CURRENT ELECTRODE
2. POTENTIAL ELECTRODE
3. EARTH

TABULAR COLUMN:

S.No Distance Between Resistance(Ohm

Electrode(Feet)

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE TO EARTH OF ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENT.
EX No: DATE:-

AIM:
To measure the earth resistance using megger.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

S.No ComponentQuantity
1Megger 1
2Rod 2

TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Components Quantity

1Connecting Wire 1
2 Hammer 1
THEORY:
Earthing means generally connected to the mass of the earth. It shall be in
such a means as to ensure at all times an immediate & safe discharge of
electric current due to leakage, fault etc. No joints are permitted in earth
bus whenever there is lighting conductors system installed in a building. Its
earthing shall not be bonded to the earthing of electric installation. Before
the electric supply on apparatus is energized all earthing system shall be
tested for electrical resistance to ensure efficient earthing. It shall not be
more than 2ohms including the ohmic value of earth electrode.

PROCEDURE:
 Collect the materials required for this experiment.
 The terminal of ohmmeter E is first connected to earth.
 The two earth rods are fixed to feet away from the ohmmeter. So
that they are triangle with base 50 feet.
 The wires are connected to each rod and the ohmmeter terminals
are shown.
 The ohmmeter is ranked and the readings are taken.

RESULT:

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 The earth resistance was measured in the given area.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

OBSERVATION TABLE:

Multiplication factor (M.F) =

Wattmeter Actual Apparent Power

Voltage Current
Sl.No readings Power Power (V factor
(V) (A)
Observed (W) (W * M.F) * I) (cosФ)

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 MEASURMENT OF VOLTAGE, CURRENT, POWER AND POWER
FACTOR USING RLC LOAD

EX. NO : DATE :

AIM:-
To measure power in a single phase AC circuit using wattmeter by
RLC loading.
APPARTUS REQUIRED:

Sl.No NAME OF THE RANGE/TYPE QUANTITY

APPARATUS
1 Voltmeter (0-300)V/MI 1
2 Ammeter (0-10)A/MI 1
3 Wattmeter 300V,10A,LPF 1
4 RLC Load 5KW 1
5 Auto transformer -- 1
5 Connecting wires -- As required
THEORY:

Power in an electric circuit can be measured using a wattmeter. A

wattmeter consists of two coils, namely current coil and pressure coil or
potential coil. The current coil is marked as ML and pressure coil is marked
as CV. The current coil measure the quantity that is proportional to the
current in the circuit the pressure coil measures quantity that is
proportional to the voltage in the circuit. The given wattmeter is loaded by
direct loading. The ammeter is connected in series to the wattmeter. Since
the same current flows in both the coils, the current and voltage across the
circuit are constant. The power consumed by the load is measured using the
wattmeter and calculated using the relation given below.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL
 SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB
MANUAL
FORMULAE:
 Actual power=W*Multiplication factor
Where W= Observed wattmeter reading
 Apparent power=VI Watts
Where V= Voltmeter readings
I=Ammeter readings
 Power factor= Actual power/Apparent power
PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. Initially no load is applied.
3. Autotransformer is set to minimum voltage position before switching on
the power supply.
4. Set the rated voltage by using the autotransformer. Measure and record
the values of voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter on no load condition.
Also carefully note the multiplication factor of the wattmeter that is
mentioned in the wattmeter itself.
5. Apply the load by adjusting RLC load.
6. Measure and record the values of voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter.
7. Repeat the steps 5 and 6 until the ammeter reading reaches 10A.
8. After taking all the readings, reduce the load slowly to the minimum and
bring the voltage to minimum in the autotransformer. Switch off the
power supply.
9. Calculated the Indicated power by the given formula.
10. Calculate the power factor by the given formula.
RESULT:
Thus the power was measured in AC circuit by using RLC loading.

SEC/EEE/ENGINEERING PRACTICE LAB

MANUAL