HSK 1-6 Grammar All

HSK Code Structure Pinyin English Equivalent Example Example Pinyin Example Translation
1 1.03.1 什么 shénme what 这是什么? zhè shì shénme? What is this?
1 1.03.1 什么 N shénme N what kind of N 那是什么书? nàshi shénme shū? What book is that?
1 1.03.2 不是 bùshì not to be 我不是美国⼈。 wǒ bùshì Měiguórén。 I am not an American.
1 1.03.2 是 shì to be 她是⽼师。 tā shì lǎoshī。 She is a teacher.
1 1.03.3 吗? ma? right? 你是⽼师吗? nǐ shì lǎoshī ma? You’re a teacher, right?
1 1.04.1 谁 shéi who 她是谁? tā shì shéi? Who is she?
1 1.04.1 哪MN nǎ M N which N 哪个⼈? nǎ gèrén? Which person?
1 1.04.2 (的) ( de) ’s 她是我 (的) ⽼师。 tā shì wǒ ( de) lǎoshī。 She is my teacher.
1 1.04.3 N 呢? N ne? what about N? 我是中国⼈，你呢? wǒ shì Zhōngguórén， nǐ ne? I am Chinese, what about you?
1 1.05.1 ⼏MN jǐ M N how many N 你有⼏个汉语⽼师? nǐ yǒu jǐge Hànyǔ lǎoshī? How many teachers do you have?
1 1.05.2 ⼀～九⼗九 yī～ jiǔ shíjiǔ 1 ~ 99 九⼗⼀ jiǔ shí·yī 1 - 99
1 1.05.3 AGE 了 AGE le became AGE 我40岁了。 wǒ40 suì le。 I’m 40 years old.
1 1.05.4 多⼤ duōdà how old 你⼥⼉多⼤了？ nǐ nǚ'ér duōdà le？ How old is your daughter?
1 1.06.1 会V huì V know how to V 我会写。 wǒ huì xiě。 I know how to write.
1 1.06.2 很 hěn very 我很好 wǒ hěn hǎo I am good.
1 1.06.3 怎么 V zěnme V how to V 这个怎么读? zhège zěnme dú? How do you read this?
1.07.1 ⽉、号/⽇、星期 yuè、 hào/ rì、 (telling dates) 九⽉⼆号/⽇星期四 Jiǔyuè èrhào/ rì Xīngqīsì Thursday September 2
1
xīngqī
1 1.07.2 (omitting 是) 我汉语⽼师33岁。 wǒ Hànyǔ lǎoshī33 suì。 My Chinese teacher is 33.
1 1.07.3 去 PLACE V qù PLACE V go to PLACE to do V 我去学校学习。 wǒ qù xuéxiào xuéxí。 I go to school to study.
1 1.08.1 想 xiǎng to want 我想看书 wǒ xiǎng kànshū I want to read books.
1.08.2 多少 N duōshao N how much N 你有多少汉语⽼师? nǐ yǒu duōshao Hànyǔ lǎoshī? How many Chinese teachers do
1
you have?
1 1.08.3 个 gè (measure word) 五个学⽣ wǔ gè xuésheng 5 students
1 1.08.3 ⼝ kǒu (measure word) 我家有五⼝⼈。 wǒ jiā yǒu wǔ kǒu rén。 There are 5 people in our family.
1 1.08.4 元／块 yuán／ kuài (currency) ⼀元／块 yīyuán／ kuài one yuan
1 1.09.1 在 zài at 他在椅⼦下⾯ tā zài yǐzi xiàmian He’s under the chair.
1 1.09.2 哪⼉？ nǎr？ where 我的杯⼦在哪⼉? wǒ de bēizi zàinǎr? Where is my cup?
1 1.09.3 在 PLACE V zài PLACE V V at PLACE 我在朋友家喝茶。 wǒ zài péngyou jiā hē chá。 I am having tea at my friend’s home.
1 1.09.4 Q呢 Q ne I wonder 他在哪⼉呢? tā zàinǎr ne? Where is he, I wonder?
1 1.09.4 N 呢？ N ne？ where is N 我的杯⼦呢? wǒ de bēizi ne? Where is my cup?
1 1.10.1 PLACE 有 N PLACE yǒu N there is N at PLACE 椅⼦下⾯有⼀只⼩狗 yǐzi xiàmian yǒu yī zhǐ xiǎogǒu There is a dog under the chair.
1.10.1 PLACE 没有 N PLACE méiyǒu N there isn’t N at 这⼉没有⼈。 zhèr méiyǒu rén。 There isn’t anyone here.
1
PLACE
1 1.10.2 和 hé and 爸爸、妈妈和我 bàba、 māma hé wǒ dad, mom and I
1 1.10.3 能 néng can 我能坐这⼉吗?。 wǒ néng zuò zhèr ma?。 Can I sit here?
1 1.10.4 请V qǐng V please V 请坐。 qǐng zuò。 Please sit.
1 1.11.1 #点#分 # diǎn # fēn # hour # minute ⼗⼀点⼗分 shí yīdiǎn shífēn 11:10
1 1.11.1 上午／下午 shàngwǔ／ xiàwǔ AM/PM 下午三点⼗分 xiàwǔ sān diǎn shífēn 3:10 PM
1 1.11.2 S TIME V S TIME V (time phrase) 妈妈六点做饭。 māma liù diǎn zuòfàn。 Mom cooks at six.
1 1.11.2 TIME S V TIME S V (time phrase) 七点我吃饭。 qī diǎn wǒ chīfàn。 I eat at seven.
1 1.11.3 TIME 前 TIME qián before TIME 星期五前 Xīngqīwǔ qián before Friday
1 1.11.3 DURATION 前 DURATION qián DURATION ago ⼀个星期前 yī gè xīngqī qián a week ago
1 1.12.1 N 怎么样？ N zěnmeyàng？ how is N? 你的汉语怎么样？ nǐ de Hànyǔ zěnmeyàng？ How is your Chinese?
1 1.12.2 (的) ( de) (omission of 的) 我身体不太好。 wǒ shēntǐ bùtàihǎo。 My health isn’t very good.
1 1.12.3 太 A (了) tài A ( le) too A 天⽓太冷 (了)。 tiānqì tài lěng ( le)。 The weather’s too cold.
1 1.12.3 (不) 太 A ( bù) tài A not too A 我身体不太好。 wǒ shēntǐ bùtàihǎo。 My health is not too good.
1 1.12.4 会V huì V will V 你会回家吗？ nǐ huì huíjiā ma？ Will you come home?
1 1.13.1 喂 wèi hello 喂，李⽼师在家吗？ wèi， lǐ lǎoshī zài jiā ma？ Hello, is Teacher Li home?
1 1.13.2 在 V (呢) zài V ( ne) V-ing 我在睡觉 (呢)。 wǒ zài shuìjiào ( ne)。 I’m sleeping.
1 1.13.2 没在 V (呢) méi zài V ( ne) not V-ing 他们没在看电视 (呢)。 tāmen méi zài kàn diànshì ( ne)。 They’re not watching TV.
1 1.13.3 1 (yāo) 1 (yāo) (1 in telephony) 138-0156-7749 138-0156-7749 1 reads as yāo.
1 1.13.4 V 吧。 V ba。 feel free to V 这⼉没有⼈，坐吧。 zhèr méiyǒu rén， zuò ba。 Nobody’s here, (feel free to) sit.
1 1.14.1 VO了 V O le have V’ed O 他去学校了。 tā qù xuéxiào le。 He went to learn how to drive.
1 1.14.1 V了O V le O have V’ed O 我买了不少⾐服。 wǒ mǎi le bùshǎo yīfu。 I bought a lot of clothes.
1 1.14.1 没VO méi V O have not V’ed O 她没去商店。 tā méi qù shāngdiàn。 She didn’t go to the store.
1 1.14.2 TIME 后 TIME hòu after TIME 五点后 wǔ diǎn hòu after 5
1 1.14.2 DURATION 后 DURATION hòu after DURATION 四⼗分钟后 sìshí fēnzhōng hòu after 40 minutes
1 1.14.3 ……啊 …… ā (exclamation) 好啊。是啊。 hǎo ā。 shì ā。 Sure! Yeah!
1 1.14.4 都N dōu N both Ns 我们都是中国⼈。 wǒmen dōu shì Zhōngguórén。 We both are Chinese.
1.15.1 S 是 MANNER V 的 S shì MANNER V de it is MANNER that S 我们是开⻋来的。 wǒmen shì kāichē lái de。 We drove here. (Lit. It is [by] driving
1 V that we came here.)
1 1.15.2 年 nián year ⼆零⼀七年 èr líng yī qī nián Year 2017
2.01.1 要 yào want to, will 王芳要学英语。 wáng fāng yào xué Yīngyǔ。 Wang Fang wants to / will learn
2
English.
2 2.01.2 最 zuì the most 它的眼睛最漂亮。 tā de yǎnjing zuì piàoliang。 Its eyes are the prettiest.
2 2.01.3 ⼏ jǐ several ⼏本书 jǐ běn shū several books
2 2.01.3 ⼗⼏ shíjǐ (any # from 11 to 19) ⼗⼏本书 shíjǐ běn shū a dozen or more books
2 2.01.3 ⼏⼗ jǐ shí tens of ⼏⼗本书 jǐ shí běn shū tens of people
2 2.01.3 # ⼏/多 # jǐ/ duō over # ⼆⼗⼏本书/⼆⼗多本书 èrshí jǐ běn shū/ èrshíduō běn shū twenty something books
2.01.3 # M 多⽉/星期 # M duō yuè/ xīngqī over # of months/ 两个多⽉，三个多星期 liǎng gè duō yuè， sān gè duō over two months, over three
2 weeks xīngqī weeks
2.02.1 V不V or A不A V bùV or A bùA (questions) 我去商店，你去不去？ wǒ qù shāngdiàn， nǐ qù bù qù？ I’m going to the shop, are you
2
going?
2 2.02.1 是不是……？ shìbùshì……？ Is it true that…? 你是不是喜欢运动？ nǐ shìbùshì xǐhuan yùndòng？ Is it true that you like to exercise?
2.02.2 每 M N (都) V měi M N ( dōu) V every N V 你每个星期六(都)⼯作吗？ nǐ měi gè Xīngqīliù( dōu) gōngzuò Do you work every Saturday
2
ma？ (without exception)?
2 2.02.3 多A duō A how A 他多⾼？ tā duō gāo？ How tall is he?
2.03.1 的 (N) de (N) (omitting nouns after 这个杯⼦是昨天买的(杯⼦)。 zhège bēizi shì zuótiān mǎi This cup is the one (cup) that was
2
的) de( bēizi)。 bought yesterday.
2 2.03.2 ⼀下 yīxià once (quickly/easily) 你去给⽼师送⼀下报纸。 nǐ qù gěi lǎoshī sòng yīxià bàozhǐ。 Go and deliver the newspaper to
your teacher.
2 2.03.3 真 zhēn very, truly ⽜奶真好喝啊！ niúnǎi zhēn hǎohē ā！ The milk is so tasty!
2 2.04.1 O是SV的 O shì S V de it’s S who V’ed O 这本书是我买的。 zhè běn shū shì wǒ mǎi de。 (It’s) I (who) bought the book.
2 2.04.2 ……的时候 …… de shíhou the time when … 我18岁的时候来过北京。 wǒ18 suì de shíhou lái guò Běijīng。 I’ve come to Beijing when I was 18.
2.04.3 已经 V/A 了 yǐjīng V/A le already V/A 我已经⼯作两年多了。 wǒ yǐjīng gōngzuò liǎng nián duō I already worked for over two years.
2
le。
2.05.1 就 jiù just V then 你不想去，就在家休息吧。 nǐ bùxiǎng qù， jiù zài jiā xiūxi ba。 If you don't want to go, just rest at
2
home then.
2.05.2 还A hái A somewhat A 昨天的考试还好。 zuótiān de kǎoshì háihǎo。 Yesterday’s test was so-so (lit.
2
somewhat OK).
2 2.05.3 有点⼉ A yǒudiǎnr A a bit A 今天天⽓有点⼉冷。 jīntiān tiānqì yǒudiǎnr lěng。 It's a bit cold today.
2 2.06.1 怎么 zěnme how come 你怎么不⾼兴? nǐ zěnme bù gāoxìng? How come you’re unhappy?
2 2.06.2 NMM都 N M M dōu every N 同学个个都很⾼兴。 tóngxué gègè dōu hěn gāoxìng。 Every student is very happy.
2.06.3 因为……所以…… yīnwèi…… because… so… 因为不好吃，所以我不吃。 yīnwèi bùhǎo chī， suǒyǐ wǒ bù Because it’s not tasty, so I won’t
2 suǒyǐ…… chī。 eat it.
2 2.07.1 还V hái V still V-ing ⼋点了，他还在睡觉。 bā diǎn le， tā hái zài shuìjiào。 It’s 8, he’s still sleeping.
2 2.07.1 还没 V hái méi V still haven’t V’ed 你怎么还没吃饭？ nǐ zěnme hái méi chīfàn？ How come you still haven’t eaten?
2.07.2 TIME 就 V TIME jiù V V as early as TIME 同学们七点半就来教室了。 tóngxué men qī diǎn bàn jiù lái The students got to the classroom
2
jiàoshì le。 as early as 7:30.
2.07.3 N1 离 N2 DISTANCE N1 lí N2 DISTANCE N1 is DISTANCE 学校离机场20多公⾥。 xuéxiào lí jīchǎng20 duō gōnglǐ。 The school is over 20 km away
2
away from N2 from the airport.
2 2.07.4 ……呢! …… ne! (adding emphasis) 他还在学习呢！ tā hái zài xuéxí ne！ He is still studying!
2.08.1 ……好吗? …… hǎo ma? …okay? 你明天下午给我打电话好吗？ nǐ míngtiān xiàwǔ gěi wǒ dǎdiànhuà Call me tomorrow afternoon, okay?
2
hǎo ma？
2 2.08.2 再V zài V again 你再看⼀下这本书吧。 nǐ zài kàn yīxià zhè běn shū ba。 Take another look at this book.
2.08.2 再V zài V then 让我想想再告诉你。 ràng wǒ xiǎng xiǎng zài gàosu nǐ。 Let me think about it, then I’ll let
2
you know.
2 2.08.2 TIME 再 V TIME zài V V only until TIME 我明天再去。 wǒ míngtiān zài qù。 I’ll go (only until) tomorrow.
2 2.08.3 请/让/叫 O V qǐng/ ràng/ jiào O V invite/let/ask O to V 我请你吃饭。 wǒ qǐng nǐ chīfàn。 I’m inviting you to have a meal.
2 2.08.4 VV VV V for a bit 你看看这⼏件⾐服。 nǐ kànkan zhè jǐ jiàn yīfu。 Take a look at these clothes.
2 2.08.4 V⼀V V yīV V for a bit 你看⼀看这⼏件⾐服。 nǐ kànyīkàn zhè jǐ jiàn yīfu。 Take a look at these clothes.
2 2.09.1 V result V result (result complements) 我看到你的⼥朋友了。 wǒ kàn dào nǐ de nǚpéngyou le。 I saw your girlfriend.
2 2.09.1 没 V result méi V result (result complements) 我没看到你的⼥朋友。 wǒ méi kàn dào nǐ de nǚpéngyou。 I didn’t see your girlfriend.
2.09.2 从 N1 到 N2 cóng N1 dào N2 from N1 to N2 从⽼⼈到孩⼦都喜欢吃苹果。 cóng lǎorén dào háizi dōu xǐhuan From old to young, all like to eat
2
chī píngguǒ。 apples.
2.09.3 第#MN dì # M N #-th N 第四件事情还没做。 dì sì jiàn shìqing hái méi zuò。 We haven't done the fourth thing
2
yet.
2 2.10.1 不要/别 V bùyào/ bié V don’t do V 不要/别玩⼉⼿机！ bùyào/ bié wánr shǒujī！ Don’t play with your phone!
2 2.10.1 不要/别 V 了 bùyào/ bié V le stop doing V 不要/别玩⼉⼿机了！ bùyào/ bié wánr shǒujī le！ Stop playing with your phone!
2.10.2 对NA duì N A Is A for N 学汉语对在中国⼯作有帮助。 xué Hànyǔ duì zài Zhōngguó Learning Chinese is helpful for
2
gōngzuò yǒubāngzhù。 working in China.
2.11.1 SV的N S V de N the N which S V’ed 我妈妈做的饭⾮常好吃。 wǒ māma zuò de fàn fēicháng The food that mom makes is very
2
hǎochī。 delicious.
2.11.2 N1 ⽐ N2 A N1 bǐ N2 A N2 is more A than N1 哥哥⽐姐姐⾼。 gēge bǐ jiějie gāo。 My (older) brother is taller than my
2
(older) sister.
2.11.2 N1 没有 N2 A N1 méiyǒu N2 A N2 is not as A than 哥哥没有姐姐⾼。 gēge méiyǒu jiějie gāo。 My (older) brother is not as tall as
2
N1 my (older) sister.
2 2.11.3 可能 kěnéng probably 她可能不会唱歌。 tā kěnéng bùhuì chànggē。 Maybe she cannot sing.
2 2.12.1 V得A V dé A (using adverbs) 我跑得很快。 wǒ pǎo dehěn kuài。 I run very quickly.
2 2.12.1 VOV得A V O V dé A (using adverbs) 姐姐唱歌唱得很好。 jiějie chànggē chàng dehěn hǎo。 My (older) sister sings brilliantly.
2.12.2 V (O V) 得⽐ N A V (O V) dé bǐ N A V (O) more A than N 他学(汉语学)得⽐我快。 tā xué( Hànyǔ xué) dé bǐ wǒ kuài。 He learns (Chinese) more quickly
2
than I do.
2.12.2 ⽐ N V (O V) 得 A bǐ N V (O V) dé A V (O) more A than N 他⽐我学(汉语学)得快。 tā bǐ wǒ xué( Hànyǔ xué) dé kuài。 He learns (Chinese) more quickly
2
than I do.
2 2.13.1 V着O V zhe O V-ing O 他们穿着⻄服。 tāmen chuānzhuó xīfú。 They are wearing suites.
2 2.13.1 没V着O méi V zhe O not V-ing O 他没拿着铅笔。 tā méi ná zhe qiānbǐ。 He’s not holding a pencil.
2 2.13.2 N 不是……吗？ N bùshì…… ma？ is N not… 你不是北京⼈吗？ nǐ bùshì Běijīngrén ma？ Aren’t you a Beijinger?
2.13.3 往 DIRECTION V wǎng DIRECTION V V toward DIRECTION 从这⼉⼀直往东⾛。 cóng zhèr yīzhí wǎng dōng zǒu。 Walk straight toward the east from
2
here.
2 2.14.1 V过 V guò V’ed before 我去过中国。 wǒ qù guò Zhōngguó。 I've been to China.
2 2.14.1 没有 V 过 méiyǒu V guò haven’t V’ed 他们没有来过我家。 tāmen méiyǒu lái guò wǒ jiā。 They have never been to my place.
2.14.2 虽然……但是 suīrán…… dànshì although… 虽然是晴天，但是还是很冷。 suīrán shì qíngtiān， dànshì háishi Even though it's sunny, it's still
2
hěn lěng。 cold.
2.14.3 V过#次O V guò # cì O V’ed O # times 他们坐过三次⻜机。 tāmen zuò guò sāncì fēijī。 They have taken a plane three
2
times.
2.14.3 V 过 PLACE # 次 V guò PLACE # cì V’ed to PLACE # 我们来过三次中国。 wǒmen lái guò sāncì Zhōngguó。 We have been to China three times.
2
times
2.15.1 TIME (就) 要 V 了 TIME ( jiù) yào V le about to V in TIME 下个星期我们(就)要考试了。 xiàgèxīngqī wǒmen( jiù) yào kǎoshì We are about to have an exam in
2
le。 just a week.
2.15.2 都 TIME/A/V 了 dōu TIME/A/V le It’s already TIME, is 都8点了，快点⼉起床吧。 dōu8 diǎn le， kuàidiǎnr qǐchuáng It’s already 8, get up quick!
2 already A, has ba。
already V’ed
3.01.1 V好 V hǎo done V-ing 饭还没做好，请你等⼀会⼉。 fàn hái méi zuò hǎo， qǐng nǐděng The food is not cooked yet, please
3 wait awhile.
yīhuìr。
3.01.2 ⼀ + M + N + 也／都 yī + M + N + yě／ not V even one N 我⼀个苹果也不吃。 wǒ yī gè píngguǒ yě bù chī。 I’m not eating any apples. (Lit. I
3 don’t eat even one apple.)
+不+V dōu + bù + V
3.01.3 那 nà so then 你不去，那我也不去了。 nǐ bù qù， nà wǒ yě bù qù le。 [If] you don’t go, then I won’t go
3
either.
3.01.3 那也 nà yě but still A: 我早就复习好了。B: 那也不能⼀ A: wǒ zǎojiù fùxí hǎole。B: nà yě A: I’ve done my reviewed a long
3 直玩⼉啊。 bùnéng yīzhí wánr ā。 time ago already.
B: But still [you] shouldn’t be

playing all the time.
3 3.02.1 V1了就 V2 V1 le jiù V2 V2 as soon as V1 爸爸回来了我们就吃饭。 bàba huílai le wǒmen jiù chīfàn。 We’ll eat when dad comes back.
3.02.2 V 来／去 V lái／ qù (complements of 我们在楼上等你呢，你上来吧。 wǒmen zài lóushàng děng nǐ ne， We are upstairs waiting, please
3 direction) come up.
nǐ shànglái ba。
3.02.2 V somewhere 来／ V somewhere lái／ (complements of 朋友回家去了。 péngyou huíjiā qù le。 [My] friend went back home.
3 direction)
去 qù
3.02.2 V O 来／去 V O lái／ qù (complements of 明天要带作业来。 míngtiān yào dài zuòyè lái。 You need to bring [your] homework
3
direction) tomorrow.
3.02.2 V 来／去 O V lái／ qù O (complements of 明天要带来作业。 míngtiān yào dàilái zuòyè。 Bring [your] homework tomorrow.
3
direction)
3.02.3 能……吗？ néng…… ma？ how can you…? 你不做作业，也不练习，能学好汉语 nǐ bù zuò zuòyè， yě bù liànxí， You don't do [your] homework, don't
3 吗？ néng xuéhǎo Hànyǔ ma？ practice, how can you [possibly]
learn Chinese well?
3 3.03.1 N1 还是 N2 ? N1 háishi N2 ? N1 or N2 ? 你要喝咖啡还是喝茶？ nǐ yào hē kāfēi háishi hē chá？ Do you want coffee or tea?
3.03.1 N1 或者 N2 N1 huòzhě N2 either N1 or N21 天冷了或者⼯作累了的时候，喝杯热 tiānlěng le huòzhě gōngzuò lèi le de When the weather is cold or when
茶很舒服。 shíhou， hē bēi rèchá hěn shūfu。 you’re tired from work, it is very
3
comfortable to drink a cup of hot
tea.
3.03.1 N1 还是 N2 N1 háishi N2 N1 or N2 (in question- 我还没想好去爬⼭还是去看电影。 wǒ hái méi xiǎng hǎoqù páshān I haven't decided whether to go
3 like clauses) hiking or to go to the movies.
háishi qù kàn diànyǐng。
3.03.2 PLACE + V + 着 + N PLACE + V + zhe + There is N V’ed in 桌⼦上放着⼀杯咖啡。 zhuōzi shàng fàng zhe yī bēi kāfēi。 There is a cup of coffee placed on
3
N PLACE. the table.
3.03.2 PLACE + 没 + V + PLACE + méi + V + There is not N V’ed in 桌⼦上没放着咖啡。 zhuōzi shàng méi fàng zhe kāfēi。 There was no coffee placed on the
3 zhe + N PLACE. table.
着+N
3.03.3 会 + V / A + (的） huì + V / A + ( de） will V, will be A 你穿得那么少，会感冒的。 nǐ chuān dé nàme shǎo， huì You wear so little, you will catch a
3 cold.
gǎnmào de。
3 3.04.1 ⼜……⼜…… yòu…… yòu…… not only… but also… 这个⻄⽠⼜⼤⼜甜。 zhège xīguā yòu dà yòu tián。 This watermelon is big and sweet.
3.04.2 V1 + 着 + V2 V1 + zhe + V2 V1-ing while V2-ing 弟弟吃着苹果写作业。 dìdi chī zhe píngguǒ xiě zuòyè。 The younger brother is doing
3
homework while eating [an] apple.
3.05.1 A了 A le become A 昨天吃了感冒药，现在好⼀些了。 zuótiān chī le gǎnmàoyào， xiànzài I took flu medicine yesterday, and
3 I’m better now.
hǎo yīxiē le。
3.05.1 V了 V le (didn’t V but) now V 现在我可以穿漂亮的裙⼦了。 xiànzài wǒ kěyǐ chuān piàoliang de Now I can wear a beautiful dress.
3
qúnzi le。
3.05.2 越来越 + A + (了) yuèláiyuè + A + ( le) more and more A 你最近越来越帅了。 nǐ zuìjìn yuèláiyuè shuài le。 You’re more and more handsome
3
these days.
3.06.1 V + 得 + RESULT V + dé + RESULT can V to RESULT 我看得清楚那个汉字。 wǒ kàn dé qīngchu nàge hànzì。 I can see the Chinese character
3
clearly.
3.06.1 V+得+ V + dé + can V to DIRECTION 楼这么⾼，你上得来吗？ lóu zhème gāo， nǐ shàng dé lái The building is so high, are you able
3 DIRECTION to come up?
DIRECTION ma？
3 3.06.1 V + 不 + result V + bù + result cannot V to RESULT 我找不到好饭馆。 wǒ zhǎobudào hǎo fànguǎn。 I can't seek out a good restaurant.
3.06.1 V + 不 + direction V + bù + direction cannot V to 楼太⾼了，我上不去。 lóu tài gāo le， wǒ shàng bù qù。 The building is too high, I can't go
3
DIRECTION up.
3 3.06.2 N 呢? N ne? where is N? 你的书呢？ nǐ de shū ne？ Where is your book?
3 3.06.3 刚V gāng V just V ⼉⼦刚做完作业。 érzi gāng zuòwán zuòyè。 The son just finished his homework.
3 3.06.3 刚才 gāngcái moments ago 刚才⼉⼦在做作业。 gāngcái érzi zài zuò zuòyè。 My son is doing homework
moments ago.
3.07.1 V + 了 + DURATION V + le + DURATION V’ed O for 我们坐了⼀个⼩时公共汽⻋。 wǒmen zuò le yī gè xiǎoshí We took a bus for an hour.
3 +O DURATION
+O gōnggòngqìchē。
3.07.1 V + 了 + DURATION V + le + DURATION have been V-ing O 我学习了⼀年汉语了。 wǒ xuéxí le yī nián Hànyǔ le。 I have studied Chinese for a year.
3 + O + le for DURATION
+O+了
3.07.2 对 N 感兴趣/有兴趣 duì N gǎnxìngqù/ interested in N 他们对中国电影感兴趣。 tāmen duì Zhōngguó diànyǐng They are interested in Chinese
3 yǒuxìngqù movies.
gǎnxìngqù。
3.07.2 对 N 没兴趣 duì N méi xìngqù not interested in N 他们对中国电影没兴趣。 tāmen duì Zhōngguó diànyǐng méi They are not interested in Chinese
3 movies.
xìngqù。
3 3.07.3 半 bàn half hour 现在七点半。 xiànzài qī diǎn bàn。 It’s half past seven.
3.07.3 ⼀刻 yī kè quarter hour (when 现在七点⼀刻。 xiànzài qī diǎn yī kè。 Now it’s quarter past seven.
3
telling time)
3.07.3 ⼀刻钟 yī kè zhōng quarter hour 你迟到了⼀刻钟。 nǐ chí dàoliǎo yī kè zhōng。 You are late for 15 minutes.
3
(duration)
3 3.07.3 差 (chà) chà (chà) to (when telling time) 已经差⼀刻⼋点了！ yǐjīng chà yī kè bā diǎn le！ It’s already a quarter to eight!
3.08.1 再V zài V again (later) 我明天还要再去看看。 wǒ míngtiān hái yào zài qù I will go see it again tomorrow.
3 kànkan。
3 3.08.1 ⼜V yòu V (did) again 你今天怎么⼜迟到了? nǐ jīntiān zěnme yòu chí dàoliǎo? Why are you late again today?
3.08.2 S + Q1 + 就 + Q2 S + Q1 + jiù + Q2 (S acts in a way so 我想喝什么就喝什么。 wǒ xiǎng hē shénme jiù hē I drink whatever I want to drink.
3 that the answer to shénme。
Q1 is the same as
the answer to Q2.)
3.08.2 S1 + Q + S2 + 就 + Q S1 + Q + S2 + jiù + (S2 acts in a way that 你喝什么我就喝什么。 nǐ hē shénme wǒ jiù hē shénme。 I drink whatever you drink.
Q the answer to Q is
3
true for both S1 and
S2.)
3.09.1 越 V1/A1 越 V2/A2 yuè V1/A1 yuè V2/ the more V1/A1 the 我们越聊越开⼼。 wǒmen yuè liáo yuè kāixīn。 The more we chat, the more joyous
3 A2 more V2/A2 we are.
3.09.2 N1 跟 N2 ⼀样 N1 gēn N2 yīyàng N1 is like N2 你的眼睛跟⼤熊猫⼀样。 nǐ de yǎnjing gēn dàxióngmāo Your eyes are like pandas’ [eyes].
3
yīyàng。
3 3.09.2 N1 跟 N2 ⼀样 A N1 gēn N2 yīyàng A N1 is as A as N2 ⼉⼦跟爸爸⼀样⾼。 érzi gēn bàba yīyàng gāo。 The son is as tall as his father.
3.10.1 没有 N (这么/那么) méiyǒu N ( zhème/ not as A as N 我的汉语没有他那么好。 wǒ de Hànyǔ méiyǒu tā nàme hǎo。 My Chinese is not as good as his.
3 nàme) A
A
3.10.1 A ⼀点⼉/⼀些 A yīdiǎnr/ yīxiē A little more A ⼤⼭⽐⼤卫矮⼀点⼉。 Dàshān bǐ Dàwèi ǎi yīdiǎnr。 Dashan is a little shorter than
3
David.
3.10.1 A 得多/多了 A dé duō/ duō le much more A 今天的作业⽐昨天多得多。 jīntiān de zuòyè bǐ zuótiān duō dé Today's homework is much more
3 than yesterday’s.
duō。
3.10.2 # #+1 # #+1 # or #+1 我每天学习⼀两个⼩时汉语。 wǒ měitiān xuéxí yī liǎng gè xiǎoshí I study Chinese for one or two
3 hours a day.
Hànyǔ。
3 3.11.1 把+Ｏ+Ｖ+了 bǎ + Ｏ + Ｖ + le V’ed the O 我把钱包忘了。 wǒ bǎ qiánbāo wàng le。 I forgot my/the wallet.
3.11.1 不要/别/没把 + Ｏ + bùyào/ bié/ méi bǎ don’t/don’t/haven’t 别把⼿机忘了。 bié bǎshǒu jī wàng le。 Don't forget your/the phone.
3 + Ｏ + Ｖ + le V’ed the O
Ｖ+了
3.11.2 # 左右 # zuǒyòu approximately # 周末我⼀般⼗点左右起床。 zhōumò wǒ yībān shí diǎn zuǒyòu I usually get up at around 10
3 o'clock on weekends.
qǐchuáng。
3.12.1 就 V/A jiù V/A just (better than 坐⻜机⼀个⼩时就到了。 zuòfēijī yī gè xiǎoshí jiù dàoliǎo。 It takes only an hour to get there by
3
expected) plane.
3.12.1 才 V/A cái V/A just (worse than 你怎么才来？ nǐ zěnme cái lái？ How come you only came just
3
expected) now? (Why are you so late?)
3.12.2 把 + O + V + 在/到 + bǎ + O + V + zài/ V’d the O to PLACE 我把照⽚放在你包⾥了。 wǒ bǎ zhàopiàn fàng zài nǐ bāo lǐ I put the photo in your bag.
3 dào + PLACE
PLACE le。
3.13.1 V + motion V + 来/ V + motion V + lái/ (compound 明天我们⼀起把礼物送过去。 míngtiān wǒmen yīqǐ bǎ lǐwù sòng Let's send the gift over together
3 去 qù complements of guòqu。 tomorrow.
direction)
3.13.2 ⼀边 + V1 + ⼀边 + yībiān + V1 + yībiān V1 while V2 他⼀边唱歌⼀边跳舞。 tā yībiān chànggē yībiān tiàowǔ。 He sang while he danced.
3 + V2
V2
3 3.14.1 把 + O + V + result bǎ + O + V + result V the O until RESULT 我把⾐服洗⼲净了。 wǒ bǎ yīfu xǐ gānjìng le。 I washed my clothes clean.
3.14.1 把+O+V+ bǎ + O + V + V the O to 他把⽔果拿过来了。 tā bǎ shuǐguǒ ná guòlái le。 He took the fruit over.
3 direction DIRECTION
direction
3.14.2 先……再/⼜……然 xiān…… zài/ First, then, then, … 我先坐了公共汽⻋，⼜坐了地铁，然 wǒ xiān zuò le gōnggòngqìchē， I first took the bus, then took the
3 后…… yòu…… ránhòu…… 后才到⼩刚家。 yòu zuò le dìtiě， ránhòu cái dào subway, and then went to
Xiaogang's house.
xiǎo gāng jiā。
3.15.1 除了 N 以外 chúle N yǐwài except N 除了这个汉字以外，别的我都认识。 chúle zhège hànzì yǐwài， biéde wǒ Except for this Chinese character, I
3 know everything else.
dōu rènshi。
3.15.1 除了……(以外)， chúle……( yǐwài)， not only…, but 上⽹除了看新闻(以外)，还可以听⾳ shàngwǎng chúle kàn In addition to watching the news,
3 还…… hái…… also… 乐。 xīnwén( yǐwài)， hái kěyǐ tīng you can listen to music too.
yīnyuè。
3.15.2 什么 shénme any 周末你有什么打算吗? zhōumò nǐ yǒu shénme dǎsuàn ma? Do you have any plans for the
3
weekend?
3.15.3 A 极了 A jíle extremely A 今天天⽓冷极了。 jīntiān tiānqì lěng jíle。 The weather is extremely cold
3
today.
3.16.1 如果……(的话), rúguǒ……( dehuà), if …, then… 如果你太累的话，就休息⼀会⼉。 rúguǒ nǐ tài lèi dehuà， jiù xiūxi If you are too tired, take a break.
3 jiù……
就…… yīhuìr。
3.16.2 A + 得 + CLAUSE A + dé + CLAUSE so A that + CLAUSE ⼉⼦累得下了班就睡觉了。 érzi lèi dé xià le bān jiù shuìjiào le。 The son was so tired that he went
3
to sleep as soon as he got off work.
3.16.3 A+A+的 A + A + de A (with 她⿐⼦⼩⼩的，头发⿊⿊的。 tā bízi xiǎoxiǎo de， tóufa hēi hēi Her nose is teeny tiny and her hair
3 characteristics) is black.
de。
3.17.1 V+V V+V V for a bit 我带你去医院检查检查吧。 wǒ dài nǐ qù yīyuàn jiǎnchá jiǎnchá Let me take you to the hospital for
3 to check up a bit.
ba。
3.17.2 Q+都 Q + dōu Q-ever ⼩刚什么都喜欢吃。 xiǎo gāng shénme dōu xǐhuan chī。 Xiao Gang likes to eat anything (lit.
3
whatever).
3.18.1 只要……就…… zhǐyào…… jiù…… as long as 只要我有时间，就⼀定跟你去旅游。 zhǐyào wǒ yǒu shíjiān， jiù yīdìng As long as I have time, I will
3 definitely travel with you.
gēn nǐ qù lǚyóu。
3.18.2 关于 guānyú about 关于这件事，我们还没有决定呢。 guānyú zhè jiàn shì， wǒmen hái We have not decided on this matter
3 yet.
méiyǒu juédìng ne。
3.19.1 V + 出来 V + chūlái V and produce an 这个字你能写出来吗? zhège zì nǐ néng xiě chūlái ma? Can you write (out) this word?
3
outcome
3.19.1 V + 出来 V + chūlái V and recognize 你听出来了吗？这是谁的声⾳？ nǐ tīng chūlái le ma？ zhè shì shéi After listening, did you recognize
3 [it]? Whose voice is this?
de shēngyīn？
3.19.1 V + 下来 V + xiàlai V down 我真希望时间能慢下来。 wǒ zhēn xīwàng shíjiān néng màn I really hope that time can slow
3 down.
xiàlai。
3.19.1 想起来 xiǎngqilai to recall 我想不起来他的名字了。 wǒ xiǎng bù qilai tā de míngzi le。 I can't think of (lit. think up) his
3
name.
3.19.1 看起来/看上去 kànqǐlái/ to seem 他看上去/看起来像40多岁。 tā kànshangqu/ kànqǐlái xiàng40 He looks like he is in his 40s.
3
kànshangqu duō suì。
3 3.19.2 使/叫/让 + O + A/V shǐ/ jiào/ ràng + O + make O A/V 读书使/叫/让我快乐。 dúshū shǐ/ jiào/ ràng wǒ kuàilè。 Reading makes me happy.
A/V
3.20.1 O + 被/叫/让 + S + O + bèi/ jiào/ ràng + O is V’ed by S 我的照相机被/叫/让谁拿⾛了? wǒ de zhàoxiàngjī bèi/ jiào/ ràng My camera was taken by who?
3 S+V shéi názǒu le?
V
3.20.1 O + 不/没 + 被/叫/让 O + bù/ méi + bèi/ O is not V’ed by S 问题还没有被解决呢。 wèntí hái méiyǒu bèi jiějué ne。 The problem has not been solved
3 jiào/ ràng + S + V yet.
+S+V
3.20.2 只有……才…… zhǐyǒu…… cái…… only if 只有写完作业，才能看电视。 zhǐyǒu xiěwán zuòyè， cáinéng kàn You can watch TV only if you finish
4 your homework.
diànshì。
4.01.1 不仅……也/还/⽽ bùjǐn…… yě/ hái/ Not only… but also… 我不仅看过《泰坦尼克号》，也看过 wǒ bùjǐn kàn guò《 Tàitǎnníkè I have not only seen Titanic, but
4 且…… érqiě…… 《诺丁⼭》。 Hào》， yě kàn guò《 nuò dīng also Notting Hill.
shān》。
4.01.1 不仅 S1……，S2 bùjǐn S1……，S2 Not only S1…, S2 不仅⻢克看过《诺丁⼭》，我也看过 bùjǐn Mǎkè kàn guò《 nuò dīng Not only did Mark see Notting Hill, I
4 也…… yě…… also… 《诺丁⼭》。 shān》， wǒ yě kàn guò《 nuò dīng also saw Notting Hill.
shān》。
4 4.01.2 从来不 V cóngláibù V never V 我中午从来不睡觉。 wǒ zhōngwǔ cóngláibù shuìjiào。 I never sleep at noon.
4.01.2 从来没 V/A 过 cóngláiméi V/A guò never have V’ed, 他爸爸妈妈从来没这么⾼兴过。 tā bàba māma cóngláiméi zhème His father and mother have never
4 never have been A been so happy.
gāoxìng guò。
4 4.01.3 刚/刚刚 V gāng/ gānggang V just V’ed 我上个⽉刚结婚。 wǒ shànggèyuè gāng jiéhūn。 I just got married last month.
4.01.3 刚 + V + DURATION gāng + V + have V’ed for just 他刚来⼀个⽉。 tā gāng lái yī gè yuè。 He’s been [lit. come] here for just a
4
DURATION DURATION month.
4.01.3 刚才 gāngcái moments ago 刚才我收到了⼀封电⼦邮件。 gāngcái wǒ shōu dàoliǎo yī fēng I just received an email.
4
diànzǐyóujiàn。
4.01.4 即使……也…… jíshǐ…… yě…… even if…, still… 即使冬天很冷，他也每天去操场跑 jíshǐ dōngtiān hěn lěng， tā yě Even if it’s very cold in winter, he
4 步。 měitiān qù cāochǎng pǎobù。 still goes to the playground to job
every day.
4.01.5 (在) N 上 ( zài) N shàng with regard to N 在爱好上，我更像我妈妈。 zài àihào shàng， wǒ gèng xiàng In terms of hobbies, I am more like
4 my mother.
wǒ māma。
4 4.02.1 正好 zhènghǎo just right ⾐服⼤⼩正好。 yīfu dàxiǎo zhènghǎo。 The clothes are just the right size.
4.02.1 V 得正好 V dé zhènghǎo V’ed at just the right 你来得正好。 nǐ láide zhènghǎo。 You came at just the right time.
4
time
4.02.2 N & N 差不多 N & N chàbuduō N & N are about the 这辆⻋的颜⾊和那辆⻋的颜⾊差不 zhè liàng chē de yánsè hé nà liàng The color of this car is similar to the
4 same chē de yánsè chàbuduō。 color of that car.
多。
4.02.2 差不多 # chàbuduō # about # 这台电脑差不多5000块。 zhè tái diànnǎo chàbuduō5000 This computer is about 5,000 yuan.
4
kuài。
4.02.2 差不多 A chàbuduō A about A ⼥⼉个⼦跟我差不多⼀样⾼。 nǚ'ér gèzi gēn wǒ chàbuduō yīyàng My daughter is about as tall as me.
4
gāo。
4 4.02.2 差不多 V chàbuduō V about V’ed ⼯作差不多⼲完了。 gōngzuò chàbuduō gàn wánle。 Work is about finished.
4.02.2 ⼏乎 # jīhū # almost # 这台电脑⼏乎5000块。 zhè tái diànnǎo jīhū5000 kuài。 This computer is almost 5,000
4 yuan.
4.02.2 ⼏乎 A jīhū A almost 得失⼏乎相当。 déshī jīhū xiāngdāng。 The loss and the gain are almost
4
the same.
4.02.2 ⼏乎 V jīhū V almost 这件事我⼏乎忘了告诉你了。 zhè jiàn shì wǒ jīhū wàng le gàosu nǐ I almost forgot to tell you about this.
4
le。
4.02.3 尽管 jǐnguǎn although 尽管今天很冷，可是他穿的⾐服很 jǐnguǎn jīntiān hěn lěng， kěshì tā Although it is very cold today, he
4 wears very little clothes.
少。 chuān de yīfu hěn shǎo。
4.02.4 (虽然/尽管) …… 却 ( suīrán/ jǐnguǎn) (although)… but (虽然/尽管) ⼯作很忙，她们却每天坚 ( suīrán/ jǐnguǎn) gōngzuò hěn (Although) they are busy at work,
4 …… què 持锻炼。 máng， tāmen què měitiān jiānchí but they insist on exercising every
duànliàn。 day.
4.02.5 ⽽ ér and/but 听、说能⼒很重要，⽽写汉字的能⼒ tīng、 shuō nénglì hěn zhòngyào， Listening and speaking abilities are
也重要。 ér xiě hànzì de nénglì yě very important, and (on the other
4
zhòngyào。 hand) the ability to write Chinese
characters is also important.
4 4.03.1 挺A的 tǐng A de quite A 我挺喜欢这个地⽅的。 wǒ tǐng xǐhuan zhège dìfang de。 I quite like this place.
4.03.2 本来 V/A běnlái V/A originally V/A 她本来想学新闻，但是现在学习法 tā běnlái xiǎng xué xīnwén， dànshì She originally wanted to learn the
4 news, but now she is studying law.
律。 xiànzài xuéxí fǎlǜ。
4.03.2 本来就 V/A běnlái jiù V/A V/A in the first place 学⽣本来就不应该上课迟到。 xuésheng běnlái jiù bù yīnggāi Students should not be late for
4 shàngkè chídào。 class in the first place.
4.03.3 另/另外/另外的 + # lìng/ lìngwài/ lìngwài another # N 他拿出另/另外/另外的⼀本书。 tā náchū lìng/ lìngwài/ lìngwài de yī He took out another book.
4 de + # + N
+N běn shū。
4.03.3 另外的/其他的/别的 lìngwài de/ qítā de/ other N 不要看这本书，请看另外的/其他的/ bùyào kàn zhè běn shū， qǐngkàn Don't read this book, please read
4 biéde N other books.
N 别的书。 lìngwài de/ qítā de/ biéde shū。
4.03.3 另/另外 V lìng/ lìngwài V V another 他另/另外给了我三⼗元。 tā lìng/ lìngwài gěi le wǒ sānshí He gave me another 30 yuan.
4
yuán。
4.03.3 另外，…… lìngwài，…… In addition, … 多吃⽔果。另外，还要记得多喝⽔。 duō chī shuǐguǒ。 lìngwài， hái yào Eat more fruits. Also, remember to
4 drink more water.
jìde duō hē shuǐ。
4.03.4 ⾸先……其次…… shǒuxiān…… First… second… 应聘时，⾸先要穿正式的⾐服，其次 yìngpìn shí， shǒuxiān yào chuān At the job interview, first [you]
4 qícì…… 不要紧张。 zhèngshì de yīfu， qícì bùyào should wear formal clothing, and
second don't be nervous.
jǐnzhāng。
4.03.5 不管 bùguǎn no matter 不管什么电影，我都喜欢看。 bùguǎn shénme diànyǐng， wǒ dōu I like to watch all kinds of movies.
4 xǐhuan kàn。 (Lit. No matter what movie, I like to
watch them all.)
4.04.1 以为 yǐwéi to believe falsely 我以为东⻄是给我的，其实是给爸爸 wǒ yǐwéi dōngxi shì gěi wǒ de， I thought the thing was for me, but
4 actually it was for my father.
的。 qíshí shì gěi bàba de。
4.04.2 原来/本来 yuánlái/ běnlái originally 原来/本来需要12个⼩时。 yuánlái/ běnlái xūyào12 gè It originally required 12 hours.
4
xiǎoshí。
4.04.2 原来 clause yuánlái clause it turns out 我还以为是谁帮我打扫房间呢，原来 wǒ hái yǐwéi shì shéi bāng wǒ I was wondering who was cleaning
4 是你啊！ dǎsǎo fángjiān ne， yuánlái shì nǐ the room for me. It turns out it’s
ā！ you!
4 4.04.2 本来就 V/A běnlái jiù V/A (see 4.03.2) - - -
4.04.3 并不/并没 V/A bìngbù/ bìng méi V/ (emphasize the ⼤家说外⾯很冷，但我并不觉得冷。 dàjiā shuō wàimiàn hěn lěng， dàn Everyone said that it was cold
4 A negative) wǒ bìngbù juéde lěng。 outside, but I (rather) didn’t feel
cold.
4.04.4 按照 N ànzhào N according to N 我们还是按照原来的计划进⾏。 wǒmen háishi ànzhào yuánlái de We are still proceeding according
4 to the original plan.
jìhuà jìnxíng。
4.04.5 甚⾄ V/A shènzhì V/A even V/A 他⼯作很努⼒，甚⾄忘了吃饭。 tā gōngzuò hěn nǔlì， shènzhì wàng He worked hard and even forgot to
4 eat.
le chīfàn。
4.05.1 肯定 V/A kěndìng V/A certainly V/A 运动对身体健康肯定有好处。 yùndòng duì shēntǐ jiànkāng Exercise is definitely good for your
4 health.
kěndìng yǒu hǎochu。
4.05.1 肯定 kěndìng certain 我能肯定，张远⼀定会来。 wǒ néng kěndìng， zhāng yuǎn I can be sure that Zhang Yuan will
4 definitely come.
yīdìng huì lái。
4.05.1 肯定的 kěndìng de affirmative, positive 他的回答是肯定的。 tā de huídá shì kěndìng de。 His answer is yes (in the
4
affirmative).
4.05.2 再说 zàishuō talk about it / deal 现在学习忙，考完再说吧。 xiànzài xuéxí máng， kǎowán I’m busy studying now, let’s talk
4 with it until a later zàishuō ba。 about it / deal with it (until) after
time the exam.
4.05.2 再说 zàishuō besides 毕业后⼤家都很忙，再说，很多同学 bìyè hòu dàjiā dōu hěn máng， After graduation, everyone was very
4 不在⼀个城市。 zàishuō， hěn duō tóngxué bùzài yī busy. Besides, many students are
gè chéngshì。 not in a city.
4.05.3 实际的 shíjì de real 实际的东⻄跟⼴告上的不⼀样。 shíjì de dōngxi gēn guǎnggào shàng The actual thing is different from the
4 one on the advertisement.
de bùyīyàng。
4.05.3 实际 shíjì reality ⼴告跟实际不⼀样。 guǎnggào gēn shíjì bùyīyàng。 Advertising is not the same as the
4
actual [thing].
4.05.3 实际上 shíjìshàng in reality ⼴告说得好，实际上不⼀定好。 guǎnggào shuō dé hǎo， shíjìshàng The advertisement is well said, but it
4 is not necessarily good in reality.
bùyīdìng hǎo。
4.05.4 对……来说 duì…… láishuō for, as for 对我来说，学习机会更重要。 duìwǒláishuō， xuéxí jīhuì gèng For me, learning opportunities are
4 more important.
zhòngyào。
4.05.5 特别 tèbié very much, extremely 您⼥⼉⻓得特别像您。 nín nǚ'ér zhǎngde tèbié xiàng nín。 Your daughter looks especially like
4
you.
4.05.5 特别/尤其 tèbié/ yóuqí especially, 您⼥⼉⻓得真像您，特别是/尤其眼 nín nǚ'ér zhǎngde zhēn xiàng nín， Your daughter looks like you,
4 particularly especially her eyes.
睛。 tèbié shì/ yóuqí yǎnjing。
4 4.05.5 特别的 tèbié de special 我有⼀个特别的要求。 wǒ yǒu yī gè tèbié de yāoqiú。 I have a special request.
4.06.1 竟然 V/A jìngrán V/A (expressing surprise) 这个歌特别好听，最近很流⾏，你竟 zhège gē tèbié hǎotīng， zuìjìn hěn This song is particularly nice, it has
4 然没听过？ liúxíng， nǐ jìngrán méi tīng guò？ been very popular recently, you’re
telling me you’ve never heard of it?
4 4.06.2 #倍 # bèi # times ⼆的五倍是⼗。 èr de wǔ bèi shì shí。 2, multiplied 5 times, is 10.
4.06.3 值得 V zhíde V is worth 您看看这个，不管从价格⽅⾯看， nín kànkan zhège， bùguǎn cóng Look at this, both in terms of price
还是从质量上看，都是值得考虑 jiàgé fāngmiàn kàn， háishi cóng and quality, it is worth considering.
4
的。 zhìliàng shàng kàn， dōu shì zhíde
kǎolǜ de。
4.06.3 值/值得 zhí/ zhíde is worth it 别总是为⼀点⼉⼩事⽣⽓，不值/值 bié zǒngshì wéi yīdiǎnr xiǎoshì Don't always be angry with a little
4 shēngqì， bùzhí/ zhíde。 thing, it’s not worth it.
得。
4 4.06.3 值$ zhí $ is worth $ 这个⼿表值五⼗块。 zhège shǒubiǎo zhí wǔshí kuài。 This watch is worth fifty yuan.
4.06.4 其中 qízhōng among them 我们不仅要会读书，还要会选择其中 wǒmen bùjǐn yào huì dúshū， hái Not only do we have to read books,
的好书来读。 yào huì xuǎnzé qízhōng de hǎo shū but we also need to know how to
4
lái dú。 choose the good ones among them
to read.
4.06.5 (在) SITUATION 下 ( zài) SITUATION xià under SITUATION (在) ⼀般情况下，你花的钱越多，买 ( zài) yībān qíngkuàng xià， nǐ huā In general (lit. under general
4 的东⻄也就越好。 de qián yuè duō， mǎi de dōngxi yě circumstances), the more money
you spend, the better the goods you
jiù yuè hǎo。
buy.
4.07.1 估计/可能 CLAUSE gūjì/ kěnéng perhaps CLAUSE 你有没有去问问⼩王？估计/可能他 nǐ yǒu méiyǒu qù wèn wèn xiǎo Have you asked Xiao Wang?
4 CLAUSE 应该有办法。 wáng？ gūjì/ kěnéng tā yīnggāi Perhaps he should have a solution.
yǒubànfǎ。
4.07.1 估计/可能 V gūjì/ kěnéng V perhaps V 我还不习惯北⽅的⽓候，估计/可能 wǒ hái bù xíguàn běifāng de I am not used to the climate in the
4 是天⽓太⼲。 qìhòu， gūjì/ kěnéng shì tiānqì tài north. Perhaps it’s because the
gàn。 weather is too dry.
4.07.1 可能的 N kěnéng de N probable 他这么多天没来上课，最可能的原因 tā zhème duō tiān méi lái shàngkè， He did not come to class for so
4 就是他回国了。 zuì kěnéng de yuányīn jiùshì tā many days. The most probable
huíguó le。 reason is that he returned to China.
4.07.2 来不及 láibují be too late 等你身体出现问题了，后悔就来不及 děng nǐ shēntǐ chūxiàn wèntí le， When you have a problem with your
4 health, it’ll be too late to regret it.
了。 hòuhuǐ jiù láibují le。
4.07.3 V+V+O V+V+O VO for a bit 咱们午饭后就去附近的公园散散步 zánmen wǔfàn hòu jiù qù fùjìn de Let's go for a walk in the nearby
4 (reduplication) park after lunch.
吧。 gōngyuán sànsànbù ba。
4.07.3 V+了+V+O V + le + V + O V’ed O for a bit 星期天我睡了睡觉，游了游泳，做了 Xīngqītiān wǒ shuì le shuìjiào， yóu On Sunday, I slept a bit, did some
4 (reduplication) 做作业。 le yóuyǒng， zuò le zuò zuòyè。 swimming, [and] did some
homework.
4.07.4 要是 yàoshi if 要是质量好的话，那么价格贵⼀点⼉ yàoshi zhìliàng hǎo dehuà， nàme If the quality is good, then it doesn't
4 也没关系。 jiàgé guì yīdiǎnr yě méiguānxi。 matter if the price is a little bit
expensive.
4.07.5 既..... ⼜/也/还…… jì..... yòu/ yě/ not only… but also… 散步既可以活动身体，⼜可以减肥。 sànbù jì kěyǐ huódòng shēntǐ， yòu Walking can [allow you to] both
4 hái…… move the body and lose weight.
kěyǐ jiǎnféi。
4.08.1 使 O A/V shǐ O A/V make O A/V 怎么样才能使她喜欢我呢？ zěnmeyàng cáinéng shǐ tā xǐhuan How can I make her like me?
4
wǒ ne？
4.08.2 只要……(就)…… zhǐyào……( jiù)…… as long as… (then)… 只要这次你好好⼉准备，(就) ⼀定能 zhǐyào zhè cì nǐhǎo hǎo r zhǔnbèi，( As long as you are ready this time,
4 把⽐赛踢好。 jiù) yīdìng néng bǎ bǐsài tī hǎo。 you will be able to play the match
well.
4.08.3 可不是！ kěbushì！ No kidding! A: 没想到咱们毕业都已经⼗年了。B: A: méixiǎngdào zánmen bìyè dōu A: I didn't expect that we have
可不是！时间过得太快了，真想⼤ yǐjīng shí nián le。B: kěbushì！ graduated for ten years.
4 shíjiān guòdé tài kuài le， zhēn B: Tell me about it! Time flies too
家。
xiǎng dàjiā。 fast, I really miss everyone.
4.08.4 因此 yīncǐ therefore 我认识他很多年，因此，很了解他的 wǒ rènshi tā hěn duō nián， yīncǐ， I have known him for many years,
4 so I know his character very well.
性格。 hěn liǎojiě tā de xìnggé。
4.08.5 往往 wǎngwǎng usually, often ⼥孩⼦对⾐服颜⾊的选择往往与她们 nǚháizi duì yīfu yánsè de xuǎnzé Girls' choice of clothing color is
4 的性格有关。 wǎngwǎng yǔ tāmen de xìnggé often related to their personality.
yǒuguān。
4.08.5 经常/常 jīngcháng/ cháng often 上⼤学时我很喜欢运动，经常/常打 shàng dàxué shí wǒ hěn xǐhuan When I was in college, I liked sports
4 篮球、踢⾜球。 yùndòng， jīngcháng/ cháng dǎ very much. I often played basketball
lánqiú、 tī zúqiú。 and football.
4.09.1 难道 nándào could it be that 怎么⼜买了这么多饼⼲和巧克⼒？难 zěnme yòu mǎi le zhème duō How did you buy so many cookies
4 道你不减肥了？ bǐnggān hé qiǎokèlì？ nándào nǐ bù and chocolates? Could it be that
jiǎnféi le？ you’re not dieting any more?
4.09.2 通过 tōngguò through 任何成功都要通过努⼒才能得到。 rènhé chénggōng dōu yào tōngguò Any success must be achieved
4 through hard work.
nǔlì cáinéng dédào。
4.09.2 经过 jīngguò after having gone 经过⼀次次失败之后，他终于成功 jīngguò yīcì cì shībài zhīhòu， tā Having gone through many
4 through failures, he finally succeeded.
了。 zhōngyú chénggōng le。
4.09.2 通过 tōngguò pass through 这条街只能步⾏通过。 zhè tiáo jiē zhǐnéng bùxíng You can only go through this street
4 on foot.
tōngguò。
4.09.2 经过 jīngguò pass by 我正好经过这⼉，顺便过来看看你。 wǒ zhènghǎo jīngguò zhèr， It just so happened that I’m passing
4 shùnbiàn guòlái kànkan nǐ。 by, [so I] came to see you on the
way.
4.09.2 通过 tōngguò to pass (an exam, 我通过那家公司的⾯试了。 wǒ tōngguò nà jiā gōngsī de I passed the interview with that
4 interview or miànshì le。 company.
resolution)
4.09.2 经过 jīngguò the whole story ⼩王把事情的经过告诉我了。 xiǎo wáng bǎ shìqing de jīngguò Xiao Wang told me the whole story
4 of [how] the event [happened].
gàosu wǒ le。
4.09.3 可是 kěshì but 当时她的⽗⺟和亲戚都不⽀持她，可 dāngshí tā de fùmǔ hé qīnqi dōu bù At that time her parents and
4 是她坚持⾃⼰的选择。 zhīchí tā， kěshì tā jiānchí zìjǐ de relatives did not support her, but
xuǎnzé。 she insisted on her choice.
4.09.4 结果 jiéguǒ result 请把调查结果交上来。 qǐng bǎ diàochájiéguǒ jiāo Please submit the results of the
4 investigation.
shànglái。
4.09.4 结果…… jiéguǒ…… As a result, … 上学期他学习很⽤功，结果考试及格 shàng xuéqī tā xuéxí hěn He studied hard last term
4 了。 yònggōng， jiéguǒ kǎoshì jígé le。 and, as a result, he passed the
examination.
4.09.5 上# shàng # over # 这个城市的地铁已经有上百年的历史 zhège chéngshì de dìtiě yǐjīng yǒu The city's subway has been around
4 shàng bǎinián de lìshǐ le。 for over a hundred years.
了。
4.10.1 不过 bùguò nevertheless 我本来想当律师，不过后来我发现⾃ wǒ běnlái xiǎng dāng lǜshī， bùguò I originally wanted to be a lawyer,
4 ⼰对新闻更感兴趣。 hòulái wǒ fāxiàn zìjǐ duì xīnwén nevertheless I found myself more
gèng gǎnxìngqù。 interested in news.
4.10.1 不过 V bùguò V only V 我们不过谈了点⼉⼯作⽅⾯的问题， wǒmen bùguò tán le diǎnr gōngzuò We only talked about some work
4 别的都没谈。 fāngmiàn de wèntí， biéde dōu méi problems (and nothing more), and
tán。 we didn’t talk about anything else.
4.10.2 确实 quèshí indeed 爱情确实是结婚的重要原因，但仅有 àiqíng quèshí shì jiéhūn de Love is indeed an important reason
4 爱情是不够的。 zhòngyào yuányīn， dàn jǐn yǒu for marriage, but only love is not
àiqíng shì bùgòu de。 enough.
4.10.3 在 S 看来 zài S kànlai the way S see it 在很多⼈看来，听流⾏⾳乐仅仅是年 zài hěn duō rén kànlai， tīng The way a lot of people sees it [is
4 轻⼈的爱好。 liúxíngyīnyuè jǐnjǐn shì niánqīngrén that] listening to pop music is only a
de àihào。 hobby of young people.
4.10.4 由于…… yóuyú…… because … 由于我们的共同努⼒，任务提前完成 yóuyú wǒmen de gòngtóngnǔlì， Owing to our joint efforts, the task
4 was fulfilled ahead of schedule.
了。 rènwu tíqián wánchéng le。
4.10.4 由于 N yóuyú N due to N 由于种种原因，我们不得不改变原来 yóuyú zhǒngzhǒng yuányīn， For various reasons, we had to
4 的计划。 wǒmen bùdébù gǎibiàn yuánlái de change the original plan.
jìhuà。
4.10.5 ⽐如…… bǐrú…… for example, …… 旅游前最好做个计划，⽐如要去⼏个 lǚyóu qián zuìhǎo zuò gè jìhuà， It is best to make a plan before the
4 地⽅，怎么坐⻋等。 bǐrú yào qù jǐge dìfang， zěnme trip, for example, how many places
to go to, how to take transit, etc.
zuòchē děng。
4.11.1 连 O 也/都 V lián O yě/ dōu V even V O 你太厉害了，连中⽂报纸都看得懂。 nǐ tài lìhai le， lián Zhōngwén You are so awesome/skilled you can
4 bàozhǐ dōu kàn dé dǒng。 even understand Chinese
newspapers.
4.11.1 连 S 也/都 V lián S yě/ dōu V even S V 如果连你⾃⼰都不喜欢⾃⼰，⼜怎么 rúguǒ lián nǐ zìjǐ dōu bù xǐhuan zìjǐ， If even you don’t like yourself, how
4 能让别⼈喜欢你呢？ yòu zěnme néng ràng biéren xǐhuan can you let others like you?
nǐ ne？
4.11.2 否则 fǒuzé if not, otherwise 他⼀定有重要的事找你，否则不会打 tā yīdìng yǒu zhòngyào de shì zhǎo He must have something important
这么多次电话来。 nǐ， fǒuzé bùhuì dǎ zhème duōcì to see (lit. look for) you about,
4
diànhuà lái。 otherwise he won't call so many
times.
4.11.3 ⽆论/不管 Q 都 wúlùn/ bùguǎn Q regardless of Q ⽆论/不管做什么事都要注意⽅法， wúlùn/ bùguǎn zuò shénmeshì dōu Regardless of what you do, choose
dōu 正确的⽅法可以让我们做得更好。 yào zhùyì fāngfǎ， zhèngquè de the right [lit. pay attention to] your
4 methods. The right way can make
fāngfǎ kěyǐ ràng wǒmen zuò dé
gèng hǎo。 us do better.
4.11.4 然⽽ rán'ér but 很多⼈觉得⾃⼰的⽣活是幸福的， hěn duō rén juéde zìjǐ de shēnghuó Many people feel that their lives are
然⽽每个⼈对幸福的看法却不完全相 shì xìngfú de， rán'ér měigerén duì happy, but everyone's views on
4 happiness are not exactly the same.
同。 xìngfú de kànfǎ què bù wánquán
xiāngtóng。
4.11.5 同时…… tóngshí…… at the same time, … 阅读能丰富你的知识，同时还会丰富 yuèdú néng fēngfù nǐ de zhīshi， Reading can enrich your knowledge
4 你的情感。 tóngshí hái huì fēngfù nǐ de and (at the same time) [it will]
qínggǎn。 enrich your affects.
4.11.5 ……的同时 …… de tóngshí at the same time 在学习汉语的同时，我还了解了中国 zài xuéxí Hànyǔ de tóngshí， wǒ hái While learning Chinese (at the
4 when… 的⽂化。 liǎojiě le Zhōngguó de wénhuà。 same time), I also learned about
Chinese culture.
4.12.1 并/并且 V bìng/ bìngqiě V and V 他做事很认真，并且有丰富的经验， tā zuòshì hěn rènzhēn， bìngqiě yǒu He is very serious in his work and
4 让他负责很合适。 fēngfù de jīngyàn， ràng tā fùzé hěn has a wealth of experience, which
héshì。 makes him very suitable to be
responsible [for this].
4.12.2 再……也...... zài…… yě...... no matter how… 事情已经发⽣了，你再后悔也⽆法改 shìqing yǐjīng fāshēng le， nǐ zài Things have already happened, no
still… 变，别伤⼼了。 hòuhuǐ yě wúfǎ gǎibiàn， bié matter how you regret it you (still)
4
won’t be able to change it, don't be
shāngxīn le。
sad.
4.12.3 对于 N duìyú N regarding N 对于这件事，我跟⼤家的看法不 duìyú zhè jiàn shì， wǒ gēn dàjiā de My opinion on it (lit. regarding this
4 同。 kànfǎ bùtóng。 matter) is different from everyone
else’s.
4.12.3 关于 N guānyú N about N 关于这次调查计划，经理说有很多不 guānyú zhè cì diàochá jìhuà， jīnglǐ About the survey plan, the manager
4 清楚的地⽅。 shuō yǒu hěn duō bùqīngchu de said that there are many unclear
dìfang。 places.
4.12.4 M + M + (N) + 都 M + M + (N) + dōu every N 件件⼩事都应该被看成是⼀次学习的 jiàn jiàn xiǎoshì dōu yīnggāi bèi Each small thing should (all) be
4 kànchéng shì yīcì xuéxí de jīhuì。 seen as an opportunity to learn.
机会。
4.12.5 相反，…… xiāngfǎn，…… on the other hand, … 使⽤正确的⽅法就能“事半功倍”，相 shǐyòng zhèngquè de fāngfǎ jiù Using the right method will be able
4 反就会“事倍功半”。 néng“ shìbàngōngbèi”， xiāngfǎn to “do more with less”, but if we do
jiù huì“ shìbèigōngbàn”。 the opposite we will “do less with
more”.
4.12.5 和/跟 N 相反 hé/ gēn N xiāngfǎn to be the opposite of 调查结果和他们想的⼏乎完全相反。 diàochájiéguǒ hé tāmen xiǎng de The results of the survey are almost
4 N jīhūwánquán xiāngfǎn。 completely the opposite of what
they thought.
4.13.1 ⼤概/也许 V/A dàgài/ yěxǔ V/A probably/perhaps V/ 我想校⻓⼤概/也许会同意。 wǒ xiǎng xiàozhǎng dàgài/ yěxǔ huì I think the principal probably will
4 A agree.
tóngyì。
4.13.1 ⼤概的 N dàgài de N approximate N 请给我⼀个⼤概的数字。 qǐng gěi wǒ yī gè dàgài de shùzì。 Please give me an approximate
4
number.
4.13.1 ⼤概 # dàgài # about # 他8岁就开始上台演出，到现在⼤概 tā8 suì jiù kāishǐ shàngtái yǎnchū， He started performing on stage at
4 唱了60多年了。 dàoxiànzài dàgài chàng le60 duō the age of eight, and has been
nián le。 singing for about over 60 years.
4.13.2 偶尔 ǒu'ěr occasionally 我常常跟着电视学唱京剧，偶尔跟中 wǒ chángcháng gēnzhe diànshì xué I often learn to sing Beijing opera
国⼈⼀起唱上⼏句。 chàng Jīngjù， ǒu'ěr gēn with [lit. by following] TV programs,
4 and occasionally sing a few lines
Zhōngguórén yīqǐ chàng shàng jǐ
jù。 with Chinese people.
4.13.3 由SV yóu S V V’ed by S 按照规定，这件事情应该由王⼤夫负 ànzhào guīdìng， zhè jiàn shìqing According to regulations, this matter
4 should be handled by Dr. Wang.
责。 yīnggāi yóu wáng dàifu fùzé。
4.13.4 进⾏ jìnxíng to proceed 10点30分会议继续进⾏。 10 diǎn30 fēn huìyì jìxù jìnxíng。 The meeting will continue to
4
proceed at half past 10.
4 4.13.4 进⾏ O jìnxíng O to carry out O 进⾏观察 jìnxíng guānchá carry out an observation
4.13.5 随着 N suízhe N with N (as N 随着社会的发展，京剧也在改变。 suízhe shèhuì de fāzhǎn， Jīngjù yě With the development of society,
4 happens) Peking Opera is also changing.
zài gǎibiàn。
4 4.14.1 够 gòu sufficient 钱不够。 qián bùgòu。 The money is not enough.
4.14.1 V 够 (#) V gòu (#) V (and fulfill) # 睡觉时间太⻓并不好，⼀般睡够⼋⼩ shuìjiào shíjiān tài cháng bìngbù It’s not good if [your] sleeping time
时就可以了。 hǎo， yībān shuì gòu bā xiǎoshí jiù is too long. Usually it’s enough just
4
kěyǐ le。 to sleep for a good eight hours (lit.
sleep to fulfill 8 hours).
4.14.1 够A gòu A (good) enough 不⽤装这些，箱⼦已经够重的了！ bùyòng zhuāng zhèxiē， xiāngzi No need to load these, the box is
4 already heavy enough!
yǐjīng gòu zhòng de le！
4.14.2 以N yǐ N with N (speed, 经理您放⼼，我⼀定以最快的速度完 jīnglǐ nín fàngxīn， wǒ yīdìng yǐ zuì Manager, you can rest assured that I
4 standard) will finish at the fastest speed.
成。 kuài de sùdù wánchéng。
4 4.14.2 以 N1 为 N2 yǐ N1 wéi N2 consider N1 as N2 我们应该以历史为镜⼦。 wǒmen yīnggāi yǐ lìshǐ wéi jìngzi。 We should use history as a mirror.
4.14.2 以 yǐ in order to 她送来了⼀份礼物以表示感谢。 tā sòng lái le yī fèn lǐwù yǐ biǎoshì She sent a gift to express her
4 gratitude.
gǎnxiè。
4.14.3 既然 jìrán now that 你既然不愿意打球，为什么还要打？ nǐ jìrán bù yuànyì dǎqiú， Since you don't want to play, why
4 [bother] playing?
wèishénme hái yào dǎ？
4.14.4 于是…… yúshì…… consequently… ⼩时候，他经常⽣病，于是每天都去 xiǎoshíhou， tā jīngcháng When he was a child, he was often
4 跑步锻炼身体。 shēngbìng， yúshì měitiān dōu qù ill, consequently he went to run and
exercise every day.
pǎobù duànliàn shēntǐ。
4.14.4 因此…… yīncǐ…… therefore… ⼩时候，他经常⽣病，因此每天都去 xiǎoshíhou， tā jīngcháng When he was a child, he was often
4 跑步锻炼身体。 shēngbìng， yīncǐ měitiān dōu qù ill, [and] as a result he went to run
and exercise every day.
pǎobù duànliàn shēntǐ。
4.14.5 什么的 shénmede and stuff like that 明天出去玩⼉，得买点⼉饼⼲、⾯包 míngtiān chūqù wánr， dé mǎi diǎnr Go out to play tomorrow, you have
4 什么的。 bǐnggān、 miànbāo shénmede。 to buy some biscuits, bread or
things like that.
4.15.1 V 起来 V qilai V up 你这样躺着看书对眼晴不好，快坐起 nǐ zhèyàng tǎng zhe kànshū duìyǎn If you lie down and read a book, it is
4 qíng bùhǎo， kuài zuò qilai！ not good for your eyes. Sit up quick!
来！
4.15.1 想起来 xiǎngqilai remember, call to 现在我全都想起来了。 xiànzài wǒ quándōu xiǎngqilai le。 Now I recall (lit. think up)
4
mind everything.
4.15.2 弄AO nòng A O cause O to be A 搬的时候要⼩⼼点⼉，别弄坏沙发 bān de shíhou yào xiǎoxīn diǎnr， Be careful when moving, don't
4 break the sofa.
了。 bié nònghuài shāfā le。
4.15.2 弄得 O CLAUSE nòng dé O CLAUSE make O CLAUSE 每天因为这些⼩事批评她，弄得我俩 měitiān yīnwèi zhèxiē xiǎoshì pīpíng Every day I tell her off for these
4 ⼼情都不好。 tā， nòng dé wǒ liǎ xīnqíng dōu small things, [which] makes the two
bùhǎo。 of us both in a bad mood.
4.15.3 千万不能/不要/别 V qiānwàn bùnéng/ make sure not to V 我要等她⽣⽇那天再送给她这个礼 wǒ yào děng tā shēngrì nàtiān zài I have to give her this gift on her
4 bùyào/ bié V 物，你现在千万别告诉她。 sònggěi tā zhège lǐwù， nǐ xiànzài birthday, make sure you don’t tell
qiānwàn bié gàosu tā。 her now.
4.15.3 ⼀定要/得 V/A yīdìngyào/ dé V/A must V, must be A ⽐赛前⼀定要把动作练好。 bǐsài qián yīdìngyào bǎ dòngzuò You must practice your moves
4 before the game.
liàn hǎo。
4.15.3 ⼀定(会) V/A yīdìng( huì) V/A definitely V/A 感谢您的⽀持和⿎励，我⼀定会继续 gǎnxiè nín de zhīchí hé gǔlì， wǒ Thank you for your support and
4 努⼒。 yīdìng huì jìxù nǔlì。 encouragement, I will definitely
continue to work hard.
4.15.3 不⼀定 bùyīdìng not necessarily 个⼦⾼不⼀定⼒⽓⼤。 gèzi gāo bùyīdìng lìqi dà。 If someone is tall he/she is not
4
necessarily strong.
4.15.3 ⼀定的 yīdìng de some, a certain 如果有⼀定的语⾔基础，那么出国学 rúguǒ yǒu yīdìng de yǔyán jīchǔ， If you have a certain language
4 习外语是最好的选择。 nàme chūguó xuéxí wàiyǔ shì foundation, then studying a foreign
zuìhǎo de xuǎnzé。 language abroad is the best choice.
4.15.4 来V lái V (verb prefix, 这个沙发这么⼤，我来帮你们⼀起 zhège shāfā zhème dà， wǒ lái This sofa is so big, I will help you
4 indicating the verb 抬。 bāng nǐmen yīqǐ tái。 carry it together.
hasn’t happened)
4.15.4 通过/⽤ N 来 V tōngguò/ yòng N lái V through N 有的孩⼦会通过哭或者扔东⻄来引起 yǒude háizi huì tōngguò kū huòzhě Some children will get their parents'
4 V ⽗⺟的注意。 rēng dōngxi lái yǐnqǐ fùmǔ de attention by crying or throwing
zhùyì。 things.
4.15.5 # 左右 # zuǒyòu around # ⽹上买的那本书估计三天左右就能 wǎngshàng mǎi de nà běn shū gūjì The book bought online is estimated
4 to be available in about three days.
到。 sān tiān zuǒyòu jiù néng dào。
4 4.16.1 可 V/A 了 kě V/A le really A/V 今天天⽓可热了。 jīntiān tiānqì kě rè le。 The weather is really hot today.
4.16.1 可Q kě Q Q on earth? 下个星期就要去使馆办签证了，这可 xiàgèxīngqī jiùyào qù shǐguǎn bàn I am going to the embassy to apply
4 怎么办？ qiānzhèng le， zhè kě zěnmebàn？ for a visa next week, what on earth
am I supposed to do?
4.16.1 可V kě V indeed 这可是个⼤问题，我也不太清楚。 zhè kěshì gè dà wèntí， wǒ yě bù Now this (this indeed) is a big
4 tài qīngchu。 question, and I am not too sure
about it.
4.16.2 怕/害怕 pà/ hàipà to be afraid 我的⼯作经验还⽐较少，那份⼯作我 wǒ de gōngzuò jīngyàn hái bǐjiào My work experience is still relatively
4 怕/害怕完成不了。 shǎo， nà fèn gōngzuò wǒ pà/ small, I am afraid the job cannot be
hàipà wánchéng bùliǎo。 completed.
4.16.2 恐怕…… kǒngpà…… I guess I’m afraid… 听完我的回答，恐怕你已经知道我的 tīng wán wǒ de huídá， kǒngpà nǐ After listening to my response, I
4 答案了吧。 yǐjīng zhīdào wǒ de dá'àn le ba。 guess I’m afraid you already know
the answer.
4.16.2 怕/恐怕 V pà/ kǒngpà V probably I’m afraid 他离开这⾥怕/恐怕有⼆⼗天了。 tā líkāi zhèlǐ pà/ kǒngpà yǒu èrshí He left here for probably 20 days
4 (I’m afraid).
tiān le。
4.16.3 到底 dàodǐ to the end 今天我⼀定陪你逛街逛到底，保证让 jīntiān wǒ yīdìng péi nǐ guàngjiē Today I will go shopping with you to
4 你买到合适的⾐服。 guàng dàodǐ， bǎozhèng ràng nǐ the end. [I can] guarantee that you
mǎi dào héshì de yīfu。 will buy the right clothes.
4.16.3 到底 Q dàodǐ Q in the world 到底你怎么打算的呀？ dàodǐ nǐ zěnme dǎsuàn de ya？ What in the world are you
4
planning?
4.16.4 拿……来说 ná…… láishuō take… for example 拿我来说，我已经学了⼗年汉语了。 ná wǒ láishuō， wǒ yǐjīng xué le shí Take me, for example, I’ve been
4 learning Chinese for 10 years.
nián Hànyǔ le。
4.16.5 敢V gǎn V to dare to V 谁也不敢说他的坏话。 shéi yě bù gǎn shuō tā de No one dares to say bad things
4 about her.
huàihuà。
4 4.17.1 倒 dǎo to pour 我给你倒杯⽔吧。 wǒ gěi nǐ dǎo bēi shuǐ ba。 I will pour you a glass of water.
4.17.1 倒 dǎo to reverse “我爱你”，倒过来就是“你爱我”。 “ wǒ ài nǐ”， dǎo guòlái jiùshì“ nǐ ài “I love you” said in reverse is “you
4 love me.”
wǒ”。
4.17.1 S倒V S dǎo V although S V 你说得倒是容易，做起来可就难了！ nǐ shuō dé dàoshi róngyì， zuò qilai Although you say [it as if] it is easy,
4 it’s hard to do it!
kějiù nán le！
4 4.17.2 ⼲ (gān) gàn (gān) dry 把头发擦⼲。 bǎ tóufa cāgān。 Wipe your hair dry.
4 4.17.2 ⼲ (gàn) gàn (gàn) to do 你在⼲什么呢？ nǐ zài gànshénme ne？ What are you doing?
4.17.3 #趟 # tàng # times (of trips) 回来的路上我顺便去了趟银⾏。 huílai de lùshang wǒ shùnbiàn qù le On the way back, I made a visit to
4 the bank along the way.
tàng yínháng。
4.17.3 #次 # cì No. # (bus/train 502次公交⻋很快就要到了。 502 cì gōngjiāochē hěn kuài jiùyào Bus No. 502 are coming soon.
4
route) dàoliǎo。
4.17.4 为了 V1 ⽽ V2 wèile V1 ér V2 V2 in order to V1 不少动物为了保护⾃⼰⽽改变身体的 bùshǎo dòngwù wèile bǎohù zìjǐ ér Many animals change the color of
4 颜⾊。 gǎibiàn shēntǐ de yánsè。 their body in order to protect
themselves.
4.17.4 为了 N ⽽ V wèile N ér V V for N 植物会为了阳光、空⽓和⽔⽽竞争。 zhíwù huì wèile yángguāng、 Plants compete for sunlight, air, and
4 water.
kōngqì hé shuǐ ér jìngzhēng。
4.17.5 仍然 V/A réngrán V/A still V/A 就算在⼏公⾥深的海底也仍然能看到 jiùsuàn zài jǐ gōnglǐ shēn de hǎidǐ yě Even at a few kilometers deep on
4 东⻄。 réngrán néng kàn dào dōngxi。 the sea floor, you can still see
things.
4.18.1 是否 shìfǒu if, whether 不过她这么⼩，这本书我不知道她是 bùguò tā zhème xiǎo， zhè běn shū But she is so young, I don't know if
4 否能读懂。 wǒ bù zhīdào tā shìfǒu néng she can read this book.
dúdǒng。
4.18.2 受不了 shòubùliǎo tolerate 我真的受不了你了，你到底还要逛多 wǒ zhēn de shòubùliǎo nǐ le， nǐ I really can't tolerate you, how long
4 do you have to keep shopping?
久？ dàodǐ hái yào guàng duōjiǔ？
4.18.3 接着 V jiēzhe V continue to V 你看完这本书以后先不要还，我接着 nǐ kàn wán zhè běn shū yǐhòu xiān Don't pay back after reading this
4 bùyào hái， wǒ jiēzhe kàn。 book, I will continue to watch.
看。
4.18.3 接着 jiēzhe then 他毕业后在⽼家⼯作了⼀年，接着⼜ tā bìyè hòu zài lǎojiā gōngzuò le yī After graduating, he worked in his
4 考上了北京⼤学，读研究⽣。 nián， jiēzhe yòu kǎoshàng le hometown for a year. And then he
Běijīng Dàxué， dú yánjiūshēng。 was admitted to Peking University
to study for graduate students.
4.18.4 除此以外 chú cǐ yǐwài other than that 他和弟弟同⼀天出⽣，兄弟俩⻓得很 tā hé dìdi tóngyī tiān chūshēng， He and his brother were born on the
像，但除此以外⼏乎再找不到其他共 xiōngdì liǎ zhǎngde hěn xiàng， dàn same day. The two brothers look
4 同点。 chú cǐ yǐwài jīhū zài zhǎobudào qítā very much alike, but other than that
gòngtóngdiǎn。 they can hardly find other things in
common.
4.18.5 把 N1 叫作 N2 bǎ N1 jiàozuò N2 call N1 N2 中国⼈把⻩河叫作“⺟亲河” 。 Zhōngguórén bǎ Huáng Hé jiàozuò“ The Chinese call the Yellow River
4 "Mother River."
mǔqīn hé” 。
4.19.1 (⽆论/不管) Q 都 ( wúlùn/ bùguǎn) Q no matter Q 没关系，不⽤道歉，(⽆论/不管) 谁都 méiguānxi， bùyòng dàoqiàn， It doesn't matter, don't apologize,
4 dōu 有粗⼼填错的时候。 ( wúlùn/ bùguǎn) shéi dōu yǒu cūxīn anyone (lit. no matter who) can
tián cuò de shíhou。 make a mistake.
4.19.2 V上 V shàng get to V 看来今天吃不上⽺⾁饺⼦了。 kànlai jīntiān chībushàng yángròu It seems that I don’t get to eat lamb
4
jiǎozi le。 dumplings today.
4.19.3 V 出来 V chūlái V out (an outcome is 有⼏个选择题，实在想不出来该选哪 yǒu jǐge xuǎnzétí， shízài xiǎng bù There were a few multiple-choice
produced) 个，只好随便选⼀个。 chūlái gāi xuǎn nǎge， zhǐhǎo questions. I really couldn’t think of
4 (lit. think out) which [answer] one to
suíbiàn xuǎn yī gè。
choose, [so I could only] choose one
at random.
4.19.4 总的来说 zǒngdeláishuō overall 这个公司总的来说还不错。 zhège gōngsī zǒngdeláishuō hái Overall, this company is good.
4
bùcuò。
4.19.5 在于 zàiyú is all about ⼈们常说“⽣命在于运动”。 rénmen cháng shuō“ People often say that "life is all
4 about moving/exercising.”
shēngmìngzàiyúyùndòng”。
4.20.1 V1 着 V1 着 V2了 V1 zhe V1 zhe V2 le V2’ed while V1-ing 她讲着讲着就笑了。 tā jiǎng zhe jiǎng zhe jiù xiào le。 As she was speaking, she started
4
to laugh.
4.20.2 ⼀……就…… yī…… jiù…… as soon as … then 她⼀回家就看电视。 tā yī huíjiā jiù kàn diànshì。 As soon as she gets home, (then)
4
… she watches TV.
4.20.2 ⼀……就…… yī…… jiù…… 每次只要⼉⼦⼩时候⼀说话就脸红。 érzi xiǎoshíhou yī shuōhuà jiù When [my] son was a child, as soon
4 as he speaks, (then) he blushes.
liǎnhóng。
4.20.3 究竟 Q jiūjìng Q Q exactly 究竟哪个季节去旅游⽐较好呢？ jiūjìng nǎge jìjié qù lǚyóu bǐjiào hǎo Which season exactly is better to
4 travel?
ne？
4.20.4 V 起(来) V qǐ( lái) V up 你先把桌⼦上的东⻄拿起(来)，我擦 nǐ xiān bǎ zhuōzi shàng de dōngxi You pick up the things on the table
4 完之后你再放下来。 náqǐ( lái)， wǒ cā wán zhīhòu nǐ zài first, and then you [can] put them
fàng xiàlai。 down after I clean it.
4 4.20.4 V 起来 V qilai to start to V ⼩王⼜唱起来了。 xiǎo wáng yòu chàng qilai le。 Xiao Wang started singing again.
4.20.4 V 起来 V qilai seems like, sounds 上海话听起来就像外语⼀样。 Shànghǎihuà tīngqilai jiù xiàng The Shanghai dialect sounds like a
4 like wàiyǔ yīyàng。 foreign language.
4.20.5 说起 O shuōqǐ O speaking of O 说起吃的东⻄，给我印象最深的是湖 shuōqǐ chī de dōngxi， gěi wǒ Speaking of food, the one that
4 南菜。 yìnxiàng zuì shēn de shì Húnán impressed me the most is Hunan
cài。 cuisine.
5.01.1 如何 rúhé how 评委叫第⼀对夫妻说说他俩是如何恩 píngwěi jiào dìyī duì fūqī shuōshuo The judge called the first couple to
5 爱的。 tā liǎ shì rúhé ēn'ài de。 talk about how they loved each
other.
5.01.1 如何 rúhé how is “80后”们⽉收⼊情况如何？ “80 hòu” men yuèshōurù qíngkuàng How is the monthly income situation
5
rúhé？ with those born in the 80s?
5.01.1 怎么，…… zěnme，…… (expression of 怎么，你不认识我了？！ zěnme， nǐ bù rènshi wǒ le？！ What, you don't know me
5 surprise) anymore?!
5.01.2 靠 kào to lean 王⽼师喜欢靠着桌⼦讲课。 wáng lǎoshī xǐhuan kào zhe zhuōzi Teacher Wang likes to give her
5 lecture while leaning on the table.
jiǎngkè。
5.01.2 靠 kào beside 我的座位是17号，是靠窗的座位。 wǒ de zuòwèi shì17 hào， shì My seat is No. 17, which is (a seat)
5 by the window.
kàochuāng de zuòwèi。
5.01.2 靠 kào to depend 在家靠⽗⺟，出⻔靠朋友。 zài jiā kào fùmǔ， chūmén kào At home [you] relies on [your]
5 péngyou。 parents, [when you] go out [you] rely
on [your] friends.
5.01.3 居然 jūrán (See 竟然) 这么简单的题，你居然也不会做？ zhème jiǎndān de tí， nǐ jūrán yě [For] such a simple question,
5 bùhuì zuò？ [you’re telling me that] you don’t
know how to do it?
5.02.1 以来 yǐlái since 改⾰开放以来，中国发⽣了巨⼤的变 gǎigékāifàng yǐlái， Zhōngguó Since the reform and opening up,
5 化。 fāshēng le jùdà de biànhuà。 China has undergone tremendous
changes.
5.02.2 临 lín adjacent to 我想买⼀套不临街的房⼦，这样不会 wǒ xiǎng mǎi yītào bù línjiē de I want to buy a house that is not
5 太吵。 fángzi， zhèyàng bùhuì tài chǎo。 adjacent to a street, so it won't be
too noisy.
5.02.2 临 lín just before 临⾛那天，⽗亲从⽼家赶来送我们。 línzǒu nàtiān， fùqīn cóng lǎojiā On the day (just before) he left, my
5 gǎnlái sòng wǒmen。 father came to us from my
hometown.
5.02.3 ⽴刻 lìkè immediately 我们回来时，⽴刻感受到了家的温 wǒmen huílai shí， lìkè gǎnshòu When we came back, we
5 暖。 dàoliǎo jiāde wēnnuǎn。 immediately felt the warmth of
home.
5.03.1 包括 bāokuò to include 汉语技能教学包括听、说、读、写四 Hànyǔ jìnéng jiàoxué bāokuò tīng、 Chinese language skills teaching
5 个⽅⾯。 shuō、 dú、 xiě sì gè fāngmiàn。 includes listening, speaking,
reading and writing.
5.03.2 各⾃ gèzì each by themselves 中场休息时间到了，⽐赛双⽅队员各 zhōngchǎng xiūxi shíjiān dàoliǎo， The intermission time has arrived,
5 ⾃回场外休息。 bǐsài shuāngfāng duìyuán gèzì huí and the players on both sides of the
chǎng wài xiūxi。 game (each by themselves) went
back out of the court to rest.
5.03.3 勿 wù do not ⾮⼯作⼈员，请勿⼊内。 fēi gōngzuòrényuán， qǐng wù rù If you’re not a staff member, please
5 do not enter.
nèi。
5.03.4 时刻 shíkè moment 在最后时刻，他为本队踢进了关键⼀ zài zuìhòu shíkè， tā wéi běn duì tī At the last moment, he scored the
5 key goal for the team.
球。 jìn le guānjiàn yī qiú。
5.03.4 时刻，时时刻刻 shíkè， shíshíkèkè at all times ⼯作中，他时时刻刻提醒⾃已：乘 gōngzuò zhōng， tā shíshíkèkè At work, he reminds himself at all
5 客的安全是最重要的。 tíxǐng zì yǐ： chéngkè de ānquán shì times: The safety of passengers is
the most important.
zuì zhòngyào de。
5.04.1 ⾄今 zhìjīn to this day 我在北京出⽣、⻓⼤，⾄今还没离开 wǒ zài Běijīng chūshēng、 I was born and raised in Beijing and
5 过呢。 zhǎngdà， zhìjīn hái méi líkāi guò have never left to this day.
ne。
5.04.2 顶 dǐng (measure word for 我这顶新帽⼦怎么样？ wǒ zhè dǐng xīn màozi How [what do you think of] this new
5 hats) hat of mine?
zěnmeyàng？
5.04.2 顶 dǐng the top of 请把⼿举过头顶。 qǐng bǎshǒu jǔ guòtóu dǐng。 Please raise your hand over (the top
5
of) your head.
5.04.2 顶 dǐng to lift 他能⽤头顶起20⽄重的东⻄。 tā néng yòng tóudǐng qǐ20 jīn zhòng He can use his head to lift 20
5 de dōngxi。 pounds.
5.04.2 顶着 dǐng zhe against 天⽓⾮常寒冷，⼦路顶着⼤雪往前 tiānqì fēicháng hánlěng， Zǐ Lù dǐng The weather is very cold, and Zilu
5 ⾛。 zhe Dàxuě wǎngqián zǒu。 was trudging ahead against heavy
snow.
5.04.3 ……得很/得不⾏/得 …… dehěn/ dé very/so/extremely 这个地⽅这么热闹，孩⼦们⾼兴得 zhège dìfang zhème rènao， The place is so lively, the children
5 不得了 bùxíng/ dé bùdéliǎo 很/得不⾏/得不得了。 háizimen gāoxìng dehěn/ dé bùxíng/ are very/so/extremely happy.
dé bùdéliǎo。
5.04.4 反⽽ fǎn'ér actually (opposite to ⼤城市的⽣活虽然很精彩，但⼀辈⼦ dàchéngshì de shēnghuó suīrán hěn Although the life in a big city is very
what one expects) ⽣活在农村的⽗⺟反⽽会不适应。 jīngcǎi， dàn yībèizi shēnghuó zài exciting, [my] parents who have
nóngcūn de fùmǔ fǎn'ér huìbùhuì lived in rural areas for a lifetime will
5
shìyìng。 actually (opposite to what one
expects) find themselves ill-
adapted.
5.05.1 从⽽ cóng'ér consequently ⽐赛前做好思想准备可以减少运动员 bǐsài qián zuò hǎo sīxiǎng zhǔnbèi Preparing mentally before the game
的压⼒，从⽽取得⽐赛的成功。 kěyǐ jiǎnshǎo yùndòngyuán de can reduce the stress on the
5 yālì， cóng'ér qǔdé bǐsài de athletes [and] consequently
chénggōng。 achieve the success of the game.
5.05.2 V于N V yú N V in N 这家公司成⽴于1997年。 zhè jiā gōngsī chénglì yú1997 This company was founded in 1997.
5 nián。
5.05.2 V于N V yú N V to N 李明没办法，只好求助于当经理的⽼ lǐ míng méibànfǎ， zhǐhǎo qiúzhù Li Ming had no choice but to turn to
5 同学王峰。 yú dāng jīnglǐ de lǎo tóngxué wáng Wang Feng (for help), the old
fēng。 classmate of the manager.
5 5.05.2 V于N V yú N V from N 他出身于知识分⼦家庭。 tā chūshēn yú zhīshifènzǐ jiātíng。 He came from an intellectual family.
5 5.05.2 A于N A yú N A to N 运动有助于健康。 yùndòng yǒuzhùyú jiànkāng。 Exercise is beneficial to health.
5.05.2 A于N A yú N A from/than N ⽔⽣动物不同于陆地动物。 shuǐshēng dòngwù bùtóng yú lùdì Aquatic creatures are
5 dòngwù。 different from terrestrial ones.
5.05.3 V 为 (wéi) N V wéi (wéi) N V into N 压⼒也可以变为动⼒。 yālì yě kěyǐ biànwéi dònglì。 Stress can also be turned into
5 strength.
5.05.3 V 为 (wéi) N V wéi (wéi) N V as N 在他看来，没有⼯作的⽣活就不能称 zài tā kànlai， méiyǒu gōngzuò de In his view, life without work cannot
5 其为⽣活。 shēnghuó jiù bùnéng chēng qí wéi be called (as) life.
shēnghuó。
5.05.4 V 起来 V qilai V up 地下⽔积蓄起来，越积越多。 dìxiàshuǐ jīxù qilai， yuè jī yuè The groundwater is store (up) and
5 accumulates.
duō。
5.05.4 藏起来/躲起来 cáng qilai/ duǒ qilai V away 刘丽知道⾃⼰做得不对，躲起来不敢 Liú lì zhīdào zìjǐ zuò dé bùduì， duǒ Liu Li knows that she is doing
⻅我。 qilai bù gǎn jiàn wǒ。 something wrong, and she hides
5
[herself] away and does not dare to
see me.
5.06.1 替 tì to replace ⻅了外公，请替我向他问好。 jiàn le wàigōng， qǐng tì wǒ xiàng tā When you see my grandfather,
5 wènhǎo。 please say hello to him (on my
behalf).
5.06.1 替 tì on behalf of 李阳要去留学了，我们都替他⾼兴。 lǐ yáng yào qù liúxué le， wǒmen Li Yang is going to study abroad,
5 and we are all happy for him.
dōu tì tā gāoxìng。
5.06.2 说不定 shuōbudìng uncertain 这事⼉经理已经同意了，只是出发的 zhè shìr jīnglǐ yǐjīng tóngyì le， The manager has already agreed,
5 时间还说不定。 zhǐshì chūfā de shíjiān hái but the time of departure is still
shuōbudìng。 uncertain.
5.06.2 说不定 shuōbudìng maybe 别随随便便就说放弃，说不定下次就 bié suí suíbiàn biàn jiù shuō Don't just give up so easily, maybe
5 成功了。 fàngqì， shuōbudìng xiàcì jiù you will succeed next time.
chénggōng le。
5.06.3 N 似的 N shìde like N 我不敢相信这是真的，好像做梦似 wǒ bù gǎn xiāngxìn zhè shì zhēn I can't believe this is true, it seems
5 de， hǎoxiàng zuòmèng shìde。 like a dream.
的。
5.06.3 A 得什么似的 A dé shénme shìde so A (to an extreme) 他背着重重的电脑包挤地铁，下班回 tā bèi zhuózhòng zhòng de diànnǎo He squeezed into the [crowded]
5 到家累得什么似的。 bāo jǐ dìtiě， xiàbān huídào jiā lèi dé subway with [his] heavy computer
shénme shìde。 bag, and he was so tired when he
got home from work.
5.06.4 纷纷 V fēnfēn V V in 要下⾬了，路上的⼈纷纷往家⾥ yào xiàyǔ le， lùshang de rén fēnfēn It’s going to rain, and people on the
5 quick succession 跑。 wǎng jiālǐ pǎo。 road are running home (one after
another in quick succession).
5.07.1 瞎 xiā blind ⼀天，他让⼠兵们去找⼀头⼤象和 yī tiān， tā ràng shìbīng men qù One day, he asked the soldiers to
⼀些出⽣时眼晴就瞎了的⼈回来。 zhǎo yītóu dàxiàng hé yīxiē find an elephant and some people
5 who were blind when they were
chūshēng shí yǎn qíng jiù xiā le de
rén huílai。 born.
5.07.1 瞎 xiā thoughtlessly 他会想办法的，你就别替他瞎担⼼ tā huì xiǎng bànfǎ de， nǐ jiù bié tì He will find a way, you don't
5 (thoughtlessly) worry about him.
了。 tā xiā dānxīn le。
5.07.2 分别 fēnbié to separate 分别是暂时的，我们以后⼀定会再 fēnbié shì zànshí de， wǒmen yǐhòu The separation is temporary. We
5 ⻅。 yīdìng huì zàijiàn。 will definitely see each other again in
the future.
5.07.2 分别 fēnbié difference 我不知道这两种做法有什么分别。 wǒ bù zhīdào zhè liǎng zhǒng zuòfǎ I don't know the difference
5 between the two approaches.
yǒu shénme fēnbié。
5.07.2 分别 fēnbié separately 我分别找两个⼈打听了这件事，他们 wǒ fēnbié zhǎo liǎng gèrén dǎting le I asked two people (separately) to
5 的说法都是⼀样的。 zhè jiàn shì， tāmen de shuōfa dōu ask about this, and they all said the
shì yīyàng de。 same thing.
5.07.2 分别 fēnbié respectively 砂岩和砾岩分别是砂和砾⽯固结的产 shāyán hé lìyán fēnbié shì shā hé Sandstone and conglomerate are
5 物。 lìshí gù jié de chǎnwù。 the consolidated equivalent of sand
and gravel, respectively.
5.07.3 根 gēn (measure word) 摸到尾巴的盲⼈说⼤象像⼀根绳⼦。 mō dào wěiba de mángrén shuō The blind man who touched the tail
5 said that the elephant is like a rope.
dàxiàng xiàng yī gēn shéngzi。
5.07.3 根 gēn root 这棵树的根⼜粗⼜⻓。 zhè kē shù de gēn yòu cū yòu The root of this tree is thick and
5 long.
cháng。
5.07.4 便 biàn then 楼上新买了⼀架钢琴，我们家便多了 lóushàng xīn mǎi le yī jià gāngqín， A new piano was bought upstairs,
5 ⼀些不安静。 wǒmen jiā biàn duō le yīxiē bù and then there were more noise (lit.
ānjìng。 unquiet) [heard] in our home.
5.08.1 倒/反倒 dǎo/ fǎndào contrary to logic 少年不解地问：“怎么勇敢反倒成为 shàonián bùjiě dì wèn：“ zěnme Puzzled, the teenager asked: "How
5 缺点了？” yǒnggǎn fǎndào chéngwéi quēdiǎn is it that bravery is a fault now
le？” (which is contrary to logic)?”
5.08.1 倒 dǎo despite all 质量倒是挺好，就是价格太贵了。 zhìliàng dàoshi tǐnghǎo， jiùshì jiàgé (Despite all) the quality is (actually)
5 tài guì le。 pretty good, it’s just that the price is
too expensive.
5.08.1 倒 dǎo for crying out loud 你倒是说说看，这件事你不负责谁负 nǐ dàoshi shuōshuo kàn， zhè jiàn Now you tell us, for crying out
5 责？ shì nǐ bù fùzé shéi fùzé？ loud, if you’re not responsible for
this, then who is?
5.08.2 V来V去 V lái V qù V around ⼩狗追着⾃⼰的尾巴，在草地上跑 xiǎogǒu zhuī zhe zìjǐ de wěiba， zài The dog chased his tail and ran
5 around on the grass.
来跑去。 cǎo dìshang pǎo lái pǎo qù。
5.08.3 要不/不然/要不然 yàobù/ bùrán/ otherwise 还好碰⻅你了，要不/不然/要不然我 háihǎo pèngjiàn nǐ le， yàobù/ Fortunately, I ran into you,
5 yàobùrán 今天肯定要迟到了。 bùrán/ yàobùrán wǒ jīntiān kěndìng otherwise I must have been late
yào chí dàoliǎo。 today.
5.08.3 要不/不然/要不然 yàobù/ bùrán/ why not try 今天太晚了，要不/不然/要不然你明 jīntiān tài wǎn le， yàobù/ bùrán/ It’s too late today, why don’t (you)
5 yàobùrán leave tomorrow instead?
天再⾛吧。 yàobùrán nǐ míngtiān zài zǒu ba。
5.08.4 彼此 V bǐcǐ V each other 好朋友应该彼此帮助。 hǎopéngyou yīnggāi bǐcǐ bāngzhù。 Good friends should help each
5
other.
5.08.4 彼此 bǐcǐ (pronoun for 2 我们彼此的爱好相同。 wǒmen bǐcǐ de àihào xiāngtóng。 We (us two) have the same
5
people) hobbies.
5.08.4 彼此彼此 bǐcǐbǐcǐ about the same 咱们俩彼此彼此，我画得⽐你好不 zánmen liǎ bǐcǐbǐcǐ， wǒ huà dé bǐ We (the two of us) are pretty much
5 了多少。 nǐhǎo bùliǎo duōshao。 the same, I can't paint much better
than you.
5.09.1 算 suàn counts as 这钱就算我借给你的，将来你有了的 zhè qián jiùsuàn wǒ jiègěi nǐ de， Let’s just say that the money is
5 时候再还我。 jiānglái nǐ yǒule de shíhou zài hái loaned to you, you can pay me back
wǒ。 when you have [more money].
5.09.1 V 了/掉算了 V le/ diào suànle might as well V 不就是⼀个空瓶⼦吗？扔掉算了。 bù jiùshì yī gè kōng píngzi ma？ Isn't it just an empty bottle? Might
5 as well throw it away.
rēngdiào suànle。
5.09.2 作为 N zuòwéi N as N 作为⼤作家、⼤学问家，鲁迅对吃很 zuòwéi dà zuòjiā、 dàxué wèn jiā， As a great writer and a great
5 讲究。 Lǔ Xùn duì chī hěn jiǎngjiu。 intellectual, Lu Xun is very particular
about eating.
5.09.3 曾经 céngjīng once 孔⼦曾经带着学⽣周游各国14年，传 Kǒngzǐ céngjīng dài zhe xuésheng Confucius once took students
5 播他的思想。 zhōuyóu gèguó14 nián， chuánbō around the country for 14 years,
tā de sīxiǎng。 spreading his thoughts.
5.10.1 毕竟 bìjìng after all 虽然我们遇到了很多困难，但毕竟完 suīrán wǒmen yù dàoliǎo hěn duō Although we have encountered a lot
5 成了任务。 kùnnan， dàn bìjìng wánchéng le of difficulties, we have completed
rènwu。 the task after all.
5.10.2 逐渐 zhújiàn gradually ⻝物越来越少，⽼⼈不得不逐渐限制 shíwù yuèláiyuè shǎo， lǎorén With less and less food, the elderly
5 猴⼦的⻝量。 bùdébù zhújiàn xiànzhì hóuzi de have to gradually limit the amount
shíliàng。 of food they eat.
5.10.3 或许 huòxǔ maybe 虽然以前她不⽀持你，但或许这次会 suīrán yǐqián tā bù zhīchí nǐ， dàn Although she did not support you
5 有变化。 huòxǔ zhè cì huì yǒu biànhuà。 before, maybe this time things will
change.
5.11.1 V 过来 V guòlái V and recover 过了半天，脑⼦才清醒过来。 guò le bàntiān， nǎozi cái qīngxǐng My head cleared up only after a
5 long time,
guòlái。
5.11.1 V 得过来 / V 不过来 V dé guòlái / V can finish V / cannot 天上的星星那么多，谁数得过来呀？ tiānshàng de xīngxing nàme duō， There are so many stars in the sky,
5 bùguò lái finish V who can count them (out)?
shéi shǔ dé guòlái ya？
5.11.2 所 suǒ (measure word for 他来⾃北京的⼀所⼤学。 tā láizì Běijīng de yī suǒ dàxué。 He is from a university in Beijing.
5 institutions)
5.11.2 S + (所) + V + 的 S + ( suǒ) + V + de what S V ⼭⽔画(所)表现的是⼈与⾃然的关 shānshuǐhuà( suǒ) biǎoxiàn de shì What the landscape painting shows
5 系。 rén yǔ zìrán de guānxi。 is the relationship between man and
nature.
5.11.2 有所 V yǒusuǒ V has/have V’ed 随着年龄的增⼤，⼥性的职场幸福感 suízhe niánlíng de zēngdà， nǚxìng As [their] age increases, women’s
5 有所提⾼。 de zhíchǎng xìngfú gǎn yǒusuǒ happiness at work has increased.
tígāo。
5.11.2 ⽆所 V wú suǒ V have nothing to V 你要是坚持真理就可以⽆所畏惧。 nǐ yàoshi jiānchí zhēnlǐ jiù kěyǐ wú If you stick to the truth, you've
5
suǒ wèijù。 nothing to fear.
5.11.3 与 N 相当 yǔ N xiāngdāng equivalent to N 开⻋打电话的⼈的反应速度与醉酒者 kāichē dǎdiànhuà de rén de fǎnyìng The reaction speed of the person
5 相当。 sùdù yǔ zuìjiǔ zhě xiāngdāng。 who calls while driving is equivalent
to a drunk.
5.11.3 相当于 N xiāngdāngyú N equivalent to N 这种⻦⼀天所⻝的害⾍相当于⾃⼰的 zhèzhǒng niǎo yī tiān suǒ shí de The pests that this bird eats a day
5 体重。 hàichóng xiāngdāngyú zìjǐ de are equivalent to its own weight.
tǐzhòng。
5.11.3 相当 xiāngdāng quite 菜的味道好极了，服务也周到，我相 cài de wèidao hǎo jíle， fúwù yě The dish is very delicious, the
5 当满意。 zhōudào， wǒ xiāngdāng mǎnyì。 service is also thoughtful, I am quite
satisfied.
5.11.3 相当 xiāngdāng considerable 相当⼀部分⼈会以收⼊多少作为幸福 xiāngdāng yībùfèn rén huì yǐ shōurù A considerable number of people
5 的标准。 duōshao zuòwéi xìngfú de will regard their income as a
biāozhǔn。 standard of happiness.
5.11.4 数 (shǔ) shǔ (shǔ) to count 我⼤概数了⼀下，⻋上有32个学⽣。 wǒ dàgài shǔ le yīxià， chē shàng I roughly counted it, there are 32
5 students in the vehicle.
yǒu32 gè xuésheng。
5.11.4 数 (shǔ) shǔ (shǔ) to be reckoned as 要说我们班跑得最快的，那就数李阳 yàoshuō wǒmen bān pǎo dé zuì If we were to discuss who our class
5 了。 kuài de， nà jiù shǔ lǐ yáng le。 runs the fastest, then it’s no other
than Li Yang.
5.11.4 数 (shù) shǔ (shù) several 这⾥夏季的雷阵⾬⼀般可持续数⼩时 zhèlǐ xiàjì de léizhènyǔ yībān The thunderstorms in summer here
5 或者更久的时间。 kěchíxù shùxiǎoshí huòzhě gèng jiǔ generally last for several hours or
de shíjiān。 longer.
5.12.1 以及 yǐjí and 学校的领导、教师以及⼀些学⽣代表 xuéxiào de lǐngdǎo、 jiàoshī yǐjí School leaders, teachers, and some
5 观看了演出。 yīxiē xuésheng dàibiǎo guānkàn le student representatives watched the
yǎnchū。 show.
5.12.2 程度 chéngdù degree 问题已经发展到了⼗分严重的程度。 wèntí yǐjīng fāzhǎn dàoliǎo shífēn The problem has grown to a very
5 serious degree.
yánzhòng de chéngdù。
5.13.1 (更)何况 ( gèng) hékuàng let alone 连运动员都不满意，更何况看⽐赛的 lián yùndòngyuán dōu bùmǎnyì， Even the athletes are not satisfied,
5 球迷呢？ gèng hékuàng kàn bǐsài de qiúmí let alone the fans watching the
ne？ game?
5.13.2 何必 hébì What for? Why do 你何必亲⾃送⼀趟呢？叫个快递不就 nǐ hébì qīnzì sòng yī tàng ne？ jiào Why do you have to deliver it
5 you have to…? ⾏了？ gè kuàidì bù jiù xíng le？ yourself? Calling a courier is not
enough?
5.13.3 多亏 duōkuī thanks to 多亏了他这句话，⼈们如梦初醒。 duōkuī le tā zhè jù huà， rénmen rú Thanks to his words, people wake
5 up like a dream.
mèng chū xǐng。
5.14.1 所谓 suǒwèi so-called 他所谓的“新闻”，其实我们早就知道 tā suǒwèi de“ xīnwén”， qíshí His so-called "news", in fact, we
5 already know!
了！ wǒmen zǎojiù zhīdàole！
5.14.2 N 则 V/A N zé V/A whereas N V 他⾼中毕业以后出国留学了，⽽我则 tā gāozhōng bìyè yǐhòu chūguó After graduating from high school,
5 ⼀直留在国内。 liúxué le， ér wǒ zé yīzhí liú zài he went abroad to study, whereas I
guónèi。 stayed at home.
5.14.2 ……则…… …… zé…… if… then… 北京的冬天，有⻛则寒，⽆⻛则暖。 Běijīng de dōngtiān， yǒufēng zé Beijing in the winter, if it’s windy
5 hán， wú fēng zé nuǎn。 then it’s cold, and if not then it’s
warm.
5.14.2 #则 # zé (measure word for 今天的报纸上有⼀则⾮常重要的新 jīntiān de bàozhǐ shàng yǒu yīzé There is a very important news in
5 stories) fēicháng zhòngyào de xīnwén。 today's newspaper.
闻。
5.14.3 为S所V wéi S suǒ V is V’ed by S 有了科学，⼤⾃然就可以更好地为⼈ yǒule kēxué， dàzìrán jiù kěyǐ gèng With science, nature can be better
5 used by mankind.
所⽤。 hǎo dì wéirén suǒ yòng。
5.14.4 V起 V qǐ V up 拉起⼿，我们就是好朋友。 lā qǐ shǒu， wǒmen jiùshì Joining (lit. grab/pull up) our hands,
5 we are good friends.
hǎopéngyou。
5.15.1 V 得过 V dé guò can V and overcome 跟别⼈谈论起军事来，没有⼈说得过 gēn biéren tánlùn qǐ jūnshì lái， Talking to others about military
5 他。 méiyǒu rén shuō dé guò tā。 affairs, no one can win arguments
(lit. talk) over him.
5.15.2 迟早 chízǎo sooner or later 随着⽹络技术的发展，这些问题迟早 suízhe wǎngluòjìshù de fāzhǎn， With the development of network
5 都会得到解决。 zhèxiē wèntí chízǎo dūhuì dédào technology, these problems will be
jiějué。 solved sooner or later.
5.15.3 再三 zàisān repeatedly 赵括的⺟亲再三阻⽌赵王任命⼉⼦为 Zhào Kuò de mǔqīn zàisān zǔzhǐ Zhao Kuo’s mother repeatedly
5 ⼤将。 zhào wáng rènmìng érzi wéi prevented Zhao Wang from
dàjiàng。 appointing his son as a general.
5.16.1 即 jí that is “旦”是象形字，即太阳从地平线上升 “ dàn” shì xiàngxíngzì， jí tàiyang “旦” is a pictograph, that is, the sun
5
起。 cóng dì píng xiànshàng shēngqǐ。 rising from the horizon.
5.16.1 ……即…… …… jí…… if… then… 不懂即问是他最⼤的优点，也是他成 bù dǒng jí wèn shì tā zuì dà de If he doesn’t understand something,
功的主要原因。 yōudiǎn， yě shì tā chénggōng de (then) he’ll just ask. This is his
5
zhǔyào yuányīn。 greatest strength, but also the main
reason for his success.
5.16.2 个别 V gèbié V individually V, 他经常采取个别谈话的⽅式了解情况 tā jīngcháng cǎiqǔ gèbié tánhuà de He often uses individual
5 separately V 和解决问题。 fāngshì liǎojiě qíngkuàng hé jiějué conversations to understand the
wèntí。 situation and solve problems.
5.16.2 个别 N gèbié N only a few N (as an 除了个别⼈以外，多数⼈体重的增加 chúle gè biéren yǐwài， duōshù rén Except for a few individual
5 exception) 会从周六开始。 tǐzhòng de zēngjiā huì cóng Zhōuliù [persons], the weight gain of most
kāishǐ。 people starts on Saturday.
5.16.3 ⾮ fēi to insist on 他⾮要离婚，我们谁拦也拦不住。 tā fēiyào líhūn， wǒmen shéi lán yě He insists on divorcing, and we
5 can’t stop it.
lán bùzhù。
5.16.3 ⾮ fēi not, un- 出现⾮正常情况时请不要紧张。 chūxiàn fēizhèngcháng qíngkuàng Please do not be nervous when
5 shí qǐng bùyào jǐnzhāng。 emergencies (lit. abnormal
conditions) occur.
5.16.3 并⾮ bìngfēi not 成功有时候并⾮想象中那么难。 chénggōng yǒushíhou bìngfēi Success is sometimes not as
5 difficult as it might seem.
xiǎngxiàng zhōng nàme nán。
5 5.17.1 以 yǐ (see 4.14.2 “以”) - - -

5.17.2 平常 píngcháng ordinary 对⼩王来说，今天是⼀个不平常的⽇ duì xiǎo wáng láishuō， jīntiān shì yī For Xiao Wang, today is an
5 extraordinary day.
⼦。 gè bùpíngcháng de rìzi。
5.17.2 平常 píngcháng usually 他平常总是来得很早，今天却迟到 tā píngcháng zǒngshì lái dehěn He usually comes very early, but he
5 zǎo， jīntiān què chí dàoliǎo。 is late today.
了。
5.17.3 宁可 nìngkě would rather 作为⺟亲，她宁可⾃已累⼀点⼉，也 zuòwéi mǔqīn， tā nìngkě zì yǐ lèi As a mother, she would rather be
5 不想委屈了孩⼦。 yīdiǎnr， yě bùxiǎng wěiqu le tired of herself and would not want
to wrong her child.
háizi。
5.18.1 极其 jíqí extremely 在中国，餐桌上放⼀把⼑是极其少⻅ zài Zhōngguó， cānzhuō shàng In China, putting a knife on the table
5 的现象。 fàng yī bǎ dāo shì jíqí shǎojiàn de is an extremely rare phenomenon.
xiànxiàng。
5.18.2 其余 qíyú the rest 怎么只有你们两个⼈？其余的同学 zěnme zhǐyǒu nǐmen liǎng gèrén？ How come you two people? What
5 about the rest of the classmates?
呢？ qíyú de tóngxué ne？
5.18.3 (由此) 可⻅ ( yóucǐ) kějiàn This shows that 由此可⻅，成功是需要努⼒的。 yóucǐkějiàn， chénggōng shì xūyào This shows that success requires
5 hard work.
nǔlì de。
5.19.1 N般 N bān like N 她的脸上露出了阳光般的笑容。 tā de liǎn shàng lùchū le yángguāng Her face showed a sunny (lit. like
5 bān de xiàoróng。 sunlight) smile.
5.19.2 闻 wén to smell 他把壶盖⼉打开，闻了闻，原来是 tā bǎ hú gàir dǎkāi， wén le wén， He opened the lid of the pot and
5 酒。 yuánlái shì jiǔ。 smelled it. It turned out to be
alcohol.
5.19.2 闻 wén to hear 百闻不如⼀⻅。 bǎiwénbùrúyījiàn。 Seeing is believing. (Lit. hearing
5 about something 100 times is not as
good as seeing it once.)
5.19.3 趁 chèn while (an opportunity 趁电影还没开始，我去买两瓶矿泉 chèn diànyǐng hái méi kāishǐ， wǒ The movie hasn’t started, I’ll make
5 exists) ⽔。 qù mǎi liǎng píng kuàngquánshuǐ。 use of the opportunity and get two
bottles of mineral water.
5.20.1 V 不起 V bù qǐ cannot 他家⾥很穷，买不起灯，⼀到晚上就 tā jiālǐ hěn qióng， mǎibuqǐ dēng， His family is very poor and can't
5 不能读书。 yī dào wǎnshang jiù bùnéng afford a lamp, [so he] can’t read at
dúshū。 night.
5.20.1 V 得起 V dé qǐ can stand/tolerate 经得起时间考验的朋友才算是真正的 jīngdeqǐ shíjiān kǎoyàn de péngyou A friend who can stand the test of
5 朋友。 cái suànshì zhēnzhèng de time is a true friend.
péngyou。
5.20.2 ⽀ zhī to prop up, to 他的两只⼿放在桌上，⽀着脑袋，想 tā de liǎng zhǐ shǒu fàng zài zhuō His two hands were on the table,
5 support 着事情。 shàng， zhī zhe nǎodài， xiǎng zhe propping up his head, and he
shìqing。 thought about things.
5.20.2 ⽀ zhī (measure word for 给他⼗⽀枪，他就能拉起⼀⽀军队 gěi tā shí zhī qiāng， tā jiù néng lā Give him ten guns and he can raise
5 guns, songs, or 来。 qǐ yī zhī jūnduì lái。 an army.
armies)
5.20.3 凭 píng to reply on ⼲⼯作不能光凭经验，还要有创新。 gàn gōngzuò bùnéng guāng píng When we work, we can’t just rely on
5 jīngyàn， hái yàoyǒu chuàngxīn。 experience, we also need to
innovate.
5.21.1 硬V yìng V by brute force 虽然中药有点⼉苦，但他还是硬喝下 suīrán Zhōngyào yǒudiǎnr kǔ， dàn Although the Chinese medicine is a
5 去了。 tā háishi yìng hē xiàqù le。 bit bitter, he still bit the bullet and
drank it.
5 5.21.1 硬V yìng V to insist on V-ing 我不让他去，他硬要去。 wǒ bù ràng tā qù， tā yìngyào qù。 I won’t let him go, he just insists on
going.
5 5.21.2 偶然的 ǒurán de accidental 那是⼀次偶然的相遇。 nàshi yīcì ǒurán de xiāngyù。 It was an accidental encounter.
(opportunity)
5.21.2 偶然 V ǒurán V occasionally 她专⼼地织着⽑⾐，偶然也会抬眼看 tā zhuānxīn dì zhī zhe máoyī， She focused on knitting a sweater,
5 ⼀下墙上的挂钟。 ǒurán yě huì tái yǎnkàn yīxià qiáng and occasionally glances at the
shàng de guàzhōng。 clock on the wall.
5.21.3 尽快 V jǐnkuài V as soon as possible 新产品出了点⼉问题，你和严经理尽 xīnchǎnpǐn chū le diǎnr wèntí， nǐ The new product has some
5 快商量⼀下这事。 hé yán jīnglǐ jǐnkuài shāngliang yīxià problems. You should discuss with
zhè shì。 Manager Yan as soon as you can.
5.22.1 ⼀旦 V yīdàn V once (something ⼥⼈⼀旦做了⺟亲，就变得⽭盾了。 nǚrén yīdàn zuò le mǔqīn， jiù Once a woman becomes a mother,
5 happens) biànde máodùn le。 she becomes torn (by conflicting
[emotions])
5.22.2 难免 nánmiǎn inevitable 刚开始⼯作，这样的错误是难免的。 gāng kāishǐ gōngzuò， zhèyàng de At the beginning of work, such
5 mistakes are inevitable.
cuòwù shì nánmiǎn de。
5.22.3 ⾃从 TIME zìcóng TIME since TIME ⾃从我到北京以后，身体越来越好 zìcóng wǒ dào Běijīng yǐhòu， Since I arrived in Beijing, my body
5 has gotten better and better.
了。 shēntǐ yuèláiyuè hǎole。
5 5.23.1 ⼀致 yīzhì in agreement 他们的意⻅不⼀致。 tāmen de yìjiàn bù yīzhì。 Their opinions do not agree.
5.23.1 ⼀致 V yīzhì V unanimously 专家们⼀致认为这是⼀种成功的产 zhuānjiā men yīzhì rènwéi zhè shì Experts agree (lit. unanimously
5 品。 yīzhǒng chénggōng de chǎnpǐn。 think) that this is a successful
product.
5.23.2 某 (M) N mǒu (M) N certain 进⾏某(个)⽅⾯的训练，就可以在那 jìnxíng mǒu( gè) fāngmiàn de If you receiving training in a certain
⽅⾯的能⼒提⾼。 xùnliàn， jiù kěyǐ zài nà fāngmiàn discipline (lit. aspect), you will be
5
de nénglì tígāo。 able to improve your ability in that
discipline.
5.23.2 某某 mǒumǒu so-and-so 在墙上写“某某到此⼀游”的⾏为是不 zài qiáng shàng xiě“ mǒumǒu It is not civil to write “so-and-so
5 ⽂明的。 dàocǐyīyóu” de xíngwéi shì bù visited here” on the wall.
wénmíng de。
5.23.2 name 某/某某 name mǒu/ placeholder for a 公司业务员李某/李某某闻之⼤喜。 gōngsī yèwùyuán lǐ mǒu/ lǐ mǒumǒu Company salesman Li (So-and-so)
5 mǒumǒu name heard the big joy.
wén zhī dàxǐ。
5.23.3 幸亏…… xìngkuī…… thankfully… 幸亏你提醒了我，我今天就去报名。 xìngkuī nǐ tíxǐng le wǒ， wǒ jīntiān Thankfully you reminded me. I am
5 going to sign up today.
jiù qù bàomíng。
5.24.1 ⾏动 xíngdòng activity, action 我们应该勇敢⾯对困难，迅速采取⾏ wǒmen yīnggāi yǒnggǎn miànduì We should meet difficulties with
5 kùnnan， xùnsù cǎiqǔxíngdòng。 courage and act quickly.
动。
5.24.1 ⾏动 xíngdòng move around 他运动时受伤了，⾏动不便。 tā yùndòng shí shòushāng le， When he was doing sports he
5 xíngdòngbùbiàn。 injured his feet, so it’s hard for him
to move around.
5.24.1 ⾏动 xíngdòng act 有些⻦类喜欢单独⾏动。 yǒuxiē niǎolèi xǐhuan dāndú Some birds like to act alone.
5
xíngdòng。
5.24.2 义务 yìwù obligation 建设家乡，⼈⼈有责，我们也要承担 jiànshè jiāxiāng， rénrényǒuzé， Everyone has the responsibility of
5 这个义务。 wǒmen yě yào chéngdān zhège building his/her hometown, and we
yìwù。 should also take up this obligation.
5.24.2 义务 yìwù compulsory 我们每个学期都要⾄少参加三次义务 wǒmen měi gè xuéqī dōu yào We must participate in at least three
5
劳动。 zhìshǎo cānjiā sāncì yìwù láodòng。 compulsory labor per semester.
5.25.1 朝 cháo toward 我仿佛看到胜利正朝我们⾛来。 wǒ fǎngfú kàn dào shènglì zhèng I seem to see victory coming
5 towards us.
cháo wǒmen zǒu lái。
5.25.1 朝 cháo to face toward 我们学校的正⻔坐⻄朝东。 wǒmen xuéxiào de zhèngmén zuò xī The main entrance of our school is
5 cháo dōng。 situated in the west and oriented
toward the east.
5.25.2 简直 jiǎnzhí practically, in 船⻓简直是疯了！ chuánzhǎng jiǎnzhí shì fēng le！ The captain is practically mad!
5
essence
5.26.1 来 lái over 他⼏乎每天都能钓到5⽄来重的⼤ tā jīhū měitiān dōu néng diào dào5 He can catch over 5 pounds
5 (weight) of fish almost every day.
⻥。 jīn lái zhòng de dà yú。
5.26.1 ⼀来(是)……⼆来(是) yīlái( shì)…… First… secondly… 我到这⾥看看⼤家，⼀(来)是给⼤家 wǒ dào zhèlǐ kànkan dàjiā， yī( lái) I am here to see everyone, one
…… èrlái( shì)…… 送⽔果，⼆(来)是看看⼤家过节还有 shì gěi dàjiā sòng shuǐguǒ， èr( lái) [reason] is to bring fruit to everyone,
5 shì kànkan dàjiā guòjié háiyǒu another [reason] is to see if anyone
什么难处。
shénme nánchu。 has any difficulties over the
holidays.
5.26.2 ⾄于 zhìyú as for 我们决定明年结婚，⾄于具体时间还 wǒmen juédìng míngnián jiéhūn， We decided to get married next
5 要再商量。 zhìyú jùtǐ shíjiān hái yào zài year. As for the specific time, we’ll
shāngliang。 have to discuss later.
5 5.26.2 ⾄于 zhìyú go so far as 他不⾄于撒谎。 tā bùzhìyú sāhuǎng。 He won’t go so far as to tell a lie.
5.26.3 总算 zǒngsuàn finally 经过沟通，⼤导演总算搞明⽩了。 jīngguò gōutōng， dà dǎoyǎn After communicating, the principal
5 director has finally figured it out.
zǒngsuàn gǎo míngbai le。
5.26.3 总算 zǒngsuàn finally 虽然这家宾馆不太好，但总算有个睡 suīrán zhè jiā bīnguǎn bùtàihǎo， Although this hotel is not very good,
5 觉的地⽅了。 dàn zǒngsuàn yǒu gè shuìjiào de there is finally a place to sleep.
dìfang le。
5.27.1 V 下来 V xiàlai V down 你的论⽂⼤概什么时候发表？定下来 nǐ de lùnwén dàgài shénmeshíhou When will your paper be published?
5 了吗？ fābiǎo？ dìng xiàlai le ma？ Have you decided (lit. decided
down)?
5.27.2 舍得 shěde willing (to to let go) 把你最喜欢的玩具送给⼩朋友，你舍 bǎ nǐ zuì xǐhuan de wánjù sònggěi Give your favorite toys to children,
5 xiǎopéngyǒu， nǐ shěde ma？ are you willing (to let go)?
得吗？
5.27.2 舍不得 shěbude unwilling (to to let go) 有些⼈舍不得把钱花在有意思的事情 yǒuxiērén shěbude bǎ qián huā zài Some people are reluctant to spend
5 yǒuyìsi de shìqing shàng。 money on fun things.
上。
5.28.1 从此 cóngcǐ since then 从此李⽩刻苦⽤功，最后成了⼀位伟 cóngcǐ Lǐ Bái kèkǔ yònggōng， Since then, Li Bai has worked hard
5 ⼤的诗⼈。 zuìhòu chéngle yī wèi wěidà de and finally became a great poet.
shīrén。
5.28.2 假设…… jiǎshè…… suppose … 假设你的钱⽤完了呢？你该怎么办 jiǎshè nǐ de qián yòng wánle ne？ nǐ Suppose your money is running
5 out? What would you do?
呢？ gāi zěnmebàn ne？
5.28.2 假设 jiǎshè supposition 您当年的假设已经被证明是对的。 nín dāngnián de jiǎshè yǐjīng bèi Your assumptions for the year have
5 zhèngmíng shì duì de。 been proven to be correct.
5.28.3 堆 duī a pile, a heap ⼯⼚旁边有⼀个建筑材料堆。 gōngchǎng pángbiān yǒu yī gè There is a pile of building materials
5 next to the factory.
jiànzhù cáiliào duī。
5.28.3 堆 duī to pile, to heap 这些零件怎么都堆在这⼉啊？ zhèxiē língjiàn zěnme dōu duī zài How are these parts piled up here?
5
zhèr ā？
5.29.1 不如 N A bùrú N A not as A as N 三家的营业额加起来还不如他⼀家 sān jiāde yíngyè'é jiā qilai háibùrú tā The turnover of the three companies
5 yījiā gāo。 is not as high as his family.
⾼。
5.29.1 (与其)……不如…… ( yǔqí)…… bùrú…… rather than… it’s 与其待在家⾥，不如去外边⾛⾛。 yǔqí dài zài jiālǐ， bùrú qù wàibian Instead of staying at home, it is
5 better to better to go outside.
zǒu zǒu。
5.29.2 ⼲脆 V gāncuì V simply, quick and 许多亲朋好友建议他⼲脆把另三家书 xǔduō qīnpénghǎoyǒu jiànyì tā Many relatives and friends
dirty 店挤垮。 gāncuì bǎ lìng sān jiā shūdiàn suggested that he simply “squeeze
5 jǐkuǎ。 out” the other three bookstores,
[quick and dirty]. [That its, drive
them out of their business.]
5.29.2 ⼲脆 gāncuì decisive 我求他帮忙，他答应得很⼲脆。 wǒ qiú tā bāngmáng， tā dāying I asked him for help, and he readily
5 agreed.
dehěn gāncuì。
5.29.3 万⼀ wànyī in the unlikely case 如果鸡蛋都放在⼀个篮⼦⾥，万⼀不 rúguǒ jīdàn dōu fàng zài yī gè lánzi If all [your] eggs are placed in one
5 where ⼩⼼就有可能全部打碎。 lǐ， wànyī bù xiǎoxīn jiù yǒukěnéng basket, should an accident happen
quánbù dǎsuì。 they would all be crushed.
5.29.3 万⼀ wànyī unlikely case, mishap 不怕⼀万，就怕万⼀。 bùpà yī wàn， jiù pà wànyī。 We’re not afraid of the usual, just
5 the unexpected mishap.
5.30.1 ⽆意中/⽆意地 wúyìzhōng/ wúyì dì accidentally 她在收拾花园时，⽆意中/⽆意地找 tā zài shōushi huāyuán shí， When she was cleaning up the
5 到了这只⽿环。 wúyìzhōng/ wúyì dì zhǎo dàoliǎo garden, she accidentally found this
zhè zhǐ ěrhuán。 earring.
5 5.30.1 ⽆意 wúyì no intention to 他⽆意伤害任何⼈。 tā wúyì shānghài rènhé rén。 He has no intention to hurt anyone.
5.30.2 有利 yǒulì to be beneficial 适度的压⼒有利于我们保持良好的状 shìdù de yālì yǒulì yú wǒmen bǎochí Moderate pressure helps us stay in
5 liánghǎo de zhuàngtài。 good shape.
态。
5.30.3 的确 díquè indeed 他的确是我所教过的学⽣中最聪明 tā díquè shì wǒ suǒ jiāo guò de He is indeed the smartest of the
5 xuésheng zhōng zuì cōngming de。 students I have taught.
的。
5 5.31.1 嗯 èn Yep A：吃了吗？B：嗯，吃了。 A： chī le ma？B： èn， chī le。 A: Have you eaten? B: Yep, I did.
5.31.1 嗯？ èn？ Huh? 嗯？难道是我记错了？ èn？ nándào shì wǒ jì cuò le？ Hmm… Is it that I remember
5
correctly?
5 5.31.1 嗯！ èn！ Man…! 嗯！你怎么还没⾛啊？ èn！ nǐ zěnme hái méi zǒu ā？ (Man…) Why haven't you left yet?
5.31.2 轻易地 V qīngyì dì V easily 他学什么都可以很轻易地记住。 tā xué shénme dōu kěyǐ hěn qīngyì What he can learn can be easily
5 dì jìzhu。 remembered.
5.31.2 轻易 V qīngyì V frivolously 他从不轻易决定，决定了就不轻易转 tā cóngbù qīngyì juédìng， juédìng He never decided easily, and he
5 decided not to change easily.
变。 le jiù bù qīngyì zhuǎnbiàn。
5.32.1 密切 mìqiè closely 污染和我们的⽇常⽣活密切相关。 wūrǎn hé wǒmen de rìcháng Pollution is closely related to our
5 daily lives.
shēnghuó mìqièxiāngguān。
5.32.1 密切 mìqiè close (in relationship) 从此，两⼈来往⽐先前密切了。 cóngcǐ， liǎng rén láiwǎng bǐ Since then, the two have been
5 closer than [ever] before.
xiānqián mìqiè le。
5.32.1 密切 mìqiè to strengthen 这条铁路⼤⼤密切了⻄南地区与⾸都 zhè tiáo tiělù dàdà mìqiè le xīnán This railway has greatly
5 的联系。 dìqū yǔ shǒudū de liánxì。 strengthened the connection
between the southwest and the
capital.
5.32.2 尽量 (jǐnliàng) jǐnliàng (jǐnliàng) as … as possible 尽量多骑⾃⾏⻋，多选择公共交通。 jǐnliàng duō qí zìxíngchē， duō Try to cycle as much as possible,
5 xuǎnzé gōnggòngjiāotōng。 and choose [to use] public
transportation as much as possible.
5.32.3 逐步 zhúbù step by step 调整能源消费结构，逐步向可再⽣能 tiáozhěng néngyuán xiāofèi jiégòu， Adjust energy consumption
5 源转变。 zhúbù xiàng kězàishēng néngyuán structure and gradually shift to
zhuǎnbiàn。 renewable energy.
5.33.1 照常 zhàocháng as usual 虽然战争临近，但这⾥的⽇常⽣活， suīrán zhànzhēng línjìn， dàn zhèlǐ Although the war is approaching,
5 ⼀切照常。 de rìcháng shēnghuó， yīqiè everyday life here is as usual.
zhàocháng。
5.33.2 难怪/怪不得 nánguài/ guàibude no wonder 你的抽屉真乱，难怪/怪不得总是找 nǐ de chōuti zhēn luàn， nánguài/ Your drawer is really messy, no
5 不到东⻄。 guàibude zǒngshì zhǎobudào wonder you can never find [your]
dōngxi。 things.
5.33.2 难怪/怪不得 nánguài/ guàibude understandable 他从来不操⼼孩⼦的事。这也难怪/ tā cóngláibù cāoxīn háizi de shì。 He never concerns [himself] with his
怪不得，他那么忙，哪⼉有时间啊。 zhè yě nánguài/ guàibude， tā children’s problems (lit. matters). But
5
nàme máng， nǎr yǒu shíjiān ā。 that’s no surprise. He’s so busy,
how could he find the time?
5.33.3 与其……(倒)不 yǔqí……( dǎo) Instead of… it’s 与其堵在路上，倒不如改乘公交出 yǔqí dǔ zài lùshang， dǎo bùrú gǎi Instead of being stuck on the road,
5 如…… bùrú…… better to… ⾏。 chéng gōngjiāo chūxíng。 it would be better to use public
transit instead.
5.34.1 总之 zǒngzhī In short 我想去上海、南京，杭州……总之想 wǒ xiǎng qù Shàng Hǎi、 Nánjīng， I want to go to Shanghai, Nanjing,
5 去南⽅转转。 Hángzhōu…… zǒngzhī xiǎng qù Hangzhou... In short, I want to go
nánfāng zhuànzhuan。 south.
5.34.2 V过 V guò V away 他转过身，⼀句话也不说。 tā zhuàn guò shēn， yījùhuà yě bù He turned (his body) away, and
5 didn’t say a word.
shuō。
5.34.2 V过 V guò V over, V by 短短的⼏分钟⾥，我的脑⼦⾥闪过了 duǎn duǎn de jǐ fēnzhōng lǐ， wǒ de In as little as a few minutes, many
5 很多想法。 nǎozi lǐ shǎnguò le hěn duō thoughts flashed by my mind.
xiǎngfǎ。
5.34.3 V开 V kāi V open 猴⼦突然站了起来，张开⼿臂抱住了 hóuzi tūrán zhàn le qilai， zhāngkāi The monkey suddenly stood up and
5 管理员。 shǒubì bào zhù le guǎnlǐyuán。 opened his arm and hugged the
zookeeper.
5.35.1 赶快 gǎnkuài quickly, urgently 我下个⽉要搬家，得赶快找房⼦。 wǒ xiàgèyuè yào bānjiā， dé I have to move next month, I have to
5 find housing quickly.
gǎnkuài zhǎo fángzi。
5 5.35.2 ⽚ piàn a piece of 天上飘着⼀⽚云。 tiānshàng piāo zhe yīpiàn yún。 There is a cloud in the sky.
5.35.2 ⽚ piàn a wave of 同学们听了，发出⼀⽚热烈的欢呼 tóngxué men tīng le， fāchū yīpiàn The students listened and gave a
5 (wave of) warm cheer.
声。 rèliè de huānhū shēng。
5.35.3 根本 + negative gēnběn + negative at all 我发现⾃⼰根本读不懂考试题。 wǒ fāxiàn zìjǐ gēnběn dú bù dǒng I found myself unable to read the
5 kǎoshì tí。 exam questions at all.
5.35.3 根本 gēnběn root cause, 教育是国家的根本。 jiàoyù shì guójiā de gēnběn。 Education is the foundation of the
5 fundamental country.
5.35.3 根本肯定 gēnběn kěndìng completely 事情已经根本解决了。 shìqing yǐjīng gēnběn jiějué le。 Things have been completely (lit.
5
from the root) solved.
5.35.3 根本(就)是 gēnběn( jiù) shì simply 他根本就是在故意找我们的麻烦。 tā gēnběn jiùshì zài gùyì zhǎo He is simply trying to make trouble
5
wǒmen de máfan。 for us.
5.36.1 除⾮……否则…… chúfēi…… unless 除⾮再给我⼀个星期，否则我们⽆法 chúfēi zài gěi wǒ yī gè xīngqī， Unless you give me another week,
5 fǒuzé…… 完成任务。 fǒuzé wǒmen wúfǎ wánchéng (otherwise) we can't complete the
rènwu。 task.
5.36.1 (除⾮)……才…… ( chúfēi)…… cái…… unless (除⾮)你答应我的条件，我才告诉 ( chúfēi) nǐ dāying wǒ de tiáojiàn， (Unless) you promise me, I won’t
5 tell you.
你。 wǒ cái gàosu nǐ。
5.36.1 除⾮ chúfēi except 这种机器，除⾮李阳，没⼈修得好。 zhèzhǒng jīqì， chúfēi lǐ yáng， méi This kind of machine, except Li
5 Yang, no one can fix.
rén xiū dé hǎo。
5.36.2 V1 得 (O) 直 V2 V1 dé (O) zhí V2 V1 O so much that O ⽗亲听说⼉⼦卖了房⼦，⽓得(他)直 fùqīn tīngshuō érzi mài le fángzi， qì The father heard that his son had
5 V2 发抖。 dé( tā) zhí fādǒu。 sold the house. He was so angry
that he kept on shivering.
5.36.2 直到 zhídào untill 直到今天，我也不明⽩他当时为什么 zhídào jīntiān， wǒ yě bù míngbai tā Until today, I don’t understand why
5 发那么⼤脾⽓。 dāngshí wèishénme fā nàme dà he had such a bad temper at the
píqi。 time.
5.36.3 反正 fǎnzhèng anyway 不管你们谁去，反正我不会去。 bùguǎn nǐmen shéi qù， fǎnzhèng I don’t care if any of you go. I won’t
5 go anyway.
wǒ bùhuì qù。
5 5.A01 # 点 ## # diǎn ## # point ## 三点⼀四 sān diǎn yī sì 3.14
5 5.A02 #1 分之 #2 #1 fēnzhī #2 #2 #1-th (fraction) 五分之⼀ wǔfēnzhīyī 1/5
5 5.A02 百分之 # bǎifēnzhī # # percent 百分之九 bǎifēnzhī jiǔ 9 percent
5.A03 甲⼄丙丁 jiǎyǐ bǐng dīng A, B, C, D (series) 如果⼄⽅同意，甲⽅可以可以提前把 rúguǒ yǐfāng tóngyì， jiǎfāng kěyǐ If Party B agrees, Party A may give
5 产品交给⼄⽅。 kěyǐ tíqián bǎ chǎnpǐn jiāogěi the product to Party B in advance.
yǐfāng。
HSK Code Lesson Structure Pinyin English Equivalent Example Example Pinyin Example Translation
5.A04 顺(着) shùn( zhe) along 汗⽔顺着他的脸往下流。 hànshuǐ shùnzhe tā de liǎn wǎng The sweat flowed down (along) his
5
xiàliú。 face.
5.A05 ⾃ zì from ⻦类能觉察得出地球⾃北向南磁极的 niǎolèi néng juéchá déchū dìqiú zì Birds can perceive the magnetic
磁⼒线。 běi xiàngnán cíjí de cílìxiàn。 field lines from the earth’s north
5
magnetic pole to the south
magnetic pole.
5 5.A06 把……V 着 bǎ……V zhe (imperative) 你把书带着。 nǐ bǎ shū dài zhe。 Bring your book.
5 5.A06 把 O (给) V 了 bǎ O ( gěi) V le have V’ed the O 我把这事(给)忘了。 wǒ bǎ zhè shì( gěi) wàng le。 I forgot about this matter.
5.A07 给 gěi (See 被) 我的⼿机给⼩偷偷⾛了。 wǒ de shǒujī gěi xiǎo tōutōu zǒu My mobile phone was stolen by the
5 thief.
le。
5.A08 何不 hébù why not 天⽓这么好，何不出去玩⼉玩⼉呢？ tiānqì zhème hǎo， hébù chūqù The weather is so good, why not go
5 out and play?
wánr wánr ne？
5.A09 何尝 hécháng why wouldn’t 我何尝不想买⼀所⼤房⼦呢？ wǒ hécháng bùxiǎng mǎi yī suǒ dà Why wouldn’t I want to buy a big
5
fángzi ne？ house?
5.A10 何⾄于 hé zhìyú why must 你何⾄于⽣这么⼤的⽓呢？ nǐ hé zhìyú shēng zhème dà de qì Why do you have to get so angry?
5
ne？
5 5.A11 V 了个 RESULT V le gè RESULT V to RESULT 我们喝了个痛快。 wǒmen hē le gè tòngkuài。 We drank to [our] satisfaction.
5.A12 据说…… jùshuō…… It is said that… 据说，他年轻时曾经⼀个⼈去过⾮洲 jùshuō， tā niánqīng shí céngjīng It is said that at one time he went
5 ⼤森林。 yīgèrén qù guò Fēizhōu dà sēnlín。 to the great forest in Africa when he
was young.
5.A13 因⽽ yīn'ér therefore 这条河河道很窄，因⽽容易发⽣⽔ zhè tiáo hé hédào hěn zhǎi， yīn'ér The river is narrow and is therefore
5 prone to flooding.
灾。 róngyì fāshēng shuǐzāi。
5.A14 也 yě still 你不想⼲也得⼲。 nǐ bùxiǎng gàn yě dé gàn。 You still have to do it even if you
5
don’t want to.
5.A15 再……也…… zài…… yě…… no matter how 我再累也要把作业做完。 wǒ zài lèi yě yào bǎ zuòyè No matter how tired I am, I need to
5 finish my homework.
zuòwán。
6.01.1 巴不得 bābude be only too eager to 我巴不得他们能真的和好，从此以后 wǒ bābude tāmen néng zhēn de I only wish that they could really be
6 和和睦睦过⽇⼦。 héhǎo， cóngcǐ yǐhòu hé hémù mù reconciled and lived in harmony
guòrìzi。 from now on.
6.01.2 别提多……了 bié tíduō…… le indescribably 这个⼈办事，别提多负责了。 zhège rén bànshì， bié tíduō fùzé This person does things, don't
6 mention more responsibility.
le。
6.01.3 具有语体差别的同义 jùyǒu yǔ tǐ chà synonyms that differ 他便/就回答说/道：“将/把这只戒指 tā biàn/ jiù huídá shuō/ dào：“ Then he just said, “Take this ring.”
6 biéde tóngyìcí by style
词拿去吧。” jiāng/ bǎ zhè zhǐ jièzhi ná qù ba。”
6.02.1 恨不得 hènbude to wish (badly) ⼯作忙的时候，她恨不得⼀个⼈⼲两 gōngzuò máng de shíhou， tā When the work [gets] busy, she
6 个⼈的活⼉。 hènbude yīgèrén gàn liǎng gèrén de wished [she could] do two people’s
huór。 work all by herself.
6.02.2 顿时 dùnshí suddenly 听了医⽣的话，顿时，他的⼼⾥⼜燃 tīng le yīshēng dehuà， dùnshí， tā After hearing to the doctor's words,
6 起了希望。 de xīnli yòu ránqǐ le xīwàng。 suddenly, his heart lit up hope
again.
6.02.3 不由得 bùyóude can’t help but to 李朋带病上场参加⽐赛了，我不由得 lǐ péng dàibìng shàngchǎng cānjiā Li Peng was sick and went to the
6 有些担⼼。 bǐsài le， wǒ bùyóude yǒuxiē competition. I couldn't help but
dānxīn。 worry (somewhat).
6.03.1 V#番 V # fān V’ed # times over 他打量了我⼀番，到嘴边的话⼜不说 tā dǎliang le wǒ yī fān， dào zuǐ He sized me up (once over) and
了。 biān dehuà yòu bù shuō le。 swallowed his words. (Lit. [As for]
6 the words that [came] to the edge of
his mouth, he [changed his mind]
again and didn’t utter them.)
6.03.1 番 fān (measure word for 经过了⼏番⻛⾬，他才懂得⼈⽣的价 jīngguò le jǐ fān fēngyǔ， tā cái Only after a few (times of) setbacks
6 tumultuous events) 值。 dǒngde rénshēng de jiàzhí。 (lit. storms), he understood the value
of life.
6.03.1 翻 (#) 番 fān (#) fān multiply # times 和五年前⽐，多数⼈的⼯资已经翻番 hé wǔ niánqián bǐ， duōshù rén de Compared to five years ago, most
6 people’s wages have doubled.
了。 gōngzī yǐjīng fānfān le。
6.03.2 过于 guòyú too 他出来得过于匆忙，居然忘了带⼿ tā chūlái dé guòyú cōngmáng， He came out too hurriedly and
6 forgot to bring his mobile phone.
机。 jūrán wàng le dài shǒujī。
6.03.3 着呢 zhene state + emphasis 这⼉坐吧，这个位空着呢。 zhèr zuò ba， zhège wèi kōng Sit here, this seat is vacant (which
6 you perhaps didn’t know).
zhene。
6.04.1 乘机 chéngjī take this opportunity 这次出差去北京，我们可以乘机游览 zhè cì chūchāi qù Běijīng， wǒmen On this business trip to Beijing, we
6 and ⼀下⻓城。 kěyǐ chéngjī yóulǎn yīxià can take the opportunity and take
Chángchéng。 a tour of the Great Wall.
6.04.2 不料 bùliào who would have 我只想和她开个玩笑，不料她却⽣⽓ wǒ zhǐ xiǎng hé tā kāi gè wánxiào， I just wanted to joke with her, but
6 thought 了。 bùliào tā què shēngqì le。 who would have thought she got
angry.
6.04.3 未免+太+A+了 wèimiǎn+ tài+A+ le can’t say it’s not too 警察赶到时未免太迟了。 jǐngchá gǎn dàoshí wèimiǎn tài The police arrived rather too late.
6 A chíle。 (Lit. you can’t say they didn’t arrive
too late.)
6.04.3 未免+有些/有点+A wèimiǎn+ yǒuxiē/ can’t say it’s not a bit 拒绝他的建议未免有些/有点失礼。 jùjué tā de jiànyì wèimiǎn yǒuxiē/ It’s rather a bit rude to reject his
6 yǒudiǎn+A A yǒudiǎn shīlǐ。 suggestions. (Lit. you can’t say it’s
not rude.)
6.05.1 仅仅/只不过……⽽ jǐnjǐn/ zhǐbuguò…… only 他的⼯作是警察，写⼩说仅仅是他 tā de gōngzuò shì jǐngchá， xiě His works as a policeman, and
6 已 éryǐ 的业余爱好⽽已。 xiǎoshuō jǐnjǐn shì tā de yèyú àihào writing novels is just his hobby
éryǐ。 (that’s all).
6.05.2 固然 gùrán granted 考上⼤学固然好，没考上⼤学也不是 kǎoshàng dàxué gùrán hǎo， méi Granted, it’s good to go to college,
6 就没有出路了。 kǎoshàng dàxué yě bùshì jiù méiyǒu [but even if] you don’t go to college
chūlù le。 it doesn’t mean you have no way
out.
6.05.3 ⽆⾮ wúfēi simply 他这么努⼒地⼯作，⽆⾮想多挣些 tā zhème nǔlì dì gōngzuò， wúfēi He works so hard, simply [because]
钱，让妻⼦、孩⼦⽣活得更舒适。 xiǎng duō zhèng xiē qián， ràng he wants to make more money and
6 make his wife and children live more
qīzi、 háizi shēnghuó dé gèng
comfortably.
shūshì。
6.06.1 唯独 wéidú only 那次旅⾏⼤家都去了，唯独你没有去 nà cì lǚxíng dàjiā dōu qù le， wéidú Everyone went on that trip, only you
6 didn't go.
成。 nǐ méiyǒu qù chéng。
6.06.2 明明 míngmíng obviously 你唱的明明是流⾏歌曲，哪⾥是京剧 nǐ chàng de míngmíng shì liúxíng What you are singing is obviously a
6 啊？ gēqǔ， nǎlǐ shì Jīngjù ā？ pop song, how can you [say] it’s
Beijing opera?
6.06.3 ⼤不了…… dàbùliǎo…… If the worst came to 失败了不要紧，⼤不了从头再来。 shībài le bùyàojǐn， dàbùliǎo It doesn't matter if you fail. If the
6 the worst, … cóngtóu zài lái。 worst came to the worst, you can
start from scratch again.
6.06.3 ⼤不了的 dàbùliǎo de big deal 接个吻有什么⼤不了的？ jiē gè wěn yǒu shénme dàbùliǎo What's the big deal with a kiss?
6
de？
6.07.1 V 于 PLACE V yú PLACE V in PLACE 著名的⻄湖⻰井茶产于浙江看的⻄湖 zhùmíng de Xīhú lóngjǐngchá chǎn The famous West Lake Longjing tea
6 ⼀带。 yú Zhèjiāng kàn de Xīhú yīdài。 is produced in the West Lake area in
Zhejiang.
6.07.1 A于V A yú V A to V 做决定，需要勇于承担责任。 zuò juédìng， xūyào yǒngyú To make a decision, you need to be
6 courageous to take responsibility.
chéngdān zérèn。
6.07.2 致使 zhìshǐ to cause 他的粗⼼致使试验失败。 tā de cūxīn zhìshǐ shìyàn shībài。 His carelessness caused the test to
6
fail.
6.07.3 并⾮ bìngfēi not (with emphasis, 类似⼩王这样的年轻⼈并⾮少数。 lèisì xiǎo wáng zhèyàng de Young people like Xiao Wang are
6 not a minority.
see “并”4.04.3) niánqīngrén bìngfēi shǎoshù。
6.08.1 对 N ⽽⾔ duì N éryán for N (see 4.05.4 对今天的中国⽽⾔，经济发展必须坚 duì jīntiān de Zhōngguó éryán， For today's China, economic
6 “对……来说”) 持⾛可持续发展的道路。 jīngjìfāzhǎn bìxū jiānchí zǒu development must adhere to the
kěchíxùfāzhǎn de dàolù。 path of sustainable development.
6.08.2 有关 N yǒuguān N about N 他查阅了⼤量有关服饰问题的资料。 tā cháyuè le dàliàng yǒuguān fúshì He consulted a lot of information
6 about clothing issues.
wèntí de zīliào。
6.08.2 和 N 有关 hé N yǒuguān related to N 中国的语⽂教学向来重视识字，这固 Zhōngguó de yǔwén jiàoxué Chinese language teaching has
然和汉字的特点有关。 xiànglái zhòngshì shízì， zhè gùrán always attached importance to
6 hé hànzì de tèdiǎn yǒuguān。 literacy, which is of course related
to the characteristics of Chinese
characters.
6.08.3 不瞒你说 bù mán nǐ shuō actually 不瞒你说，对这个问题，我是这样想 bù mán nǐ shuō， duì zhège wèntí， To tell you the truth, regarding this
6 question, this is what I think.
的。 wǒ shì zhèyàng xiǎng de。
6.08.3 说真的/说实在的 shuō zhēn de/ shuō indeed, truthfully 说真的，这次真是孩⼦给我上了⼀ shuō zhēn de， zhè cì zhēnshi háizi Seriously, this time the child really
6 shízài de gave me a lesson.
课。 gěi wǒ shàng le yī kè。
6 6.09.1 通红、雪⽩ tōnghóng、 xuěbái very red, very white 我脸憋得通红。 wǒ liǎn biē dé tōnghóng。 My face is red from suffocation.
6.09.2 说 V/A 就 V/A shuō V/A jiù V/A V without thinking, 挺好的⼯作，怎么说不⼲就不⼲了？ tǐnghǎo de gōngzuò， zěnme shuō Very good job, how come you quit
6 be A without thinking just like that (without thinking)?
bù gàn jiù bù gàn le？
6.09.3 V/A 得要命 V/A dé yàomìng V so much one could 五个⼩时没碰⼿机，我空虚得要命。 wǔ gè xiǎoshí méi pèng shǒujī， wǒ I didn't touch my cell phone for five
6 die, so A one could kōngxū dé yàomìng。 hours, and I feel so empty [from not
die having anythnig to do] I could die.
6.10.1 以⾄ (于) yǐzhì ( yú) as a result 中国的饮⻝⽂化汲收不同国家的优异 Zhōngguó de yǐnshí wénhuà jí shōu China's food culture has absorbed
之处，以⾄于辉煌⾄今。 bùtóng guójiā de yōuyì zhī chǔ， the excellence of different countries,
6
yǐzhìyú huīhuáng zhìjīn。 [and] as a result its brilliance [has
shone] to this day.
6.10.2 即便 jíbiàn even if 她最近⼼情不好，即便有些不讲理， tā zuìjìn xīnqíng bùhǎo， jíbiàn She has a bad mood recently. Even
6 你也要原谅她。 yǒuxiē bù jiǎnglǐ， nǐ yě yào if she is a little unreasonable, you
still have to forgive her.
yuánliàng tā。
6.10.3 所在 suǒzài where … lies 培养⼈是教育的⽴⾜点，是教育价值 péiyǎng rén shì jiàoyù de lìzúdiǎn， Cultivating people is the foothold of
6 的根本所在，是教育的本体功能。 shì jiàoyù jiàzhí de gēnběn suǒzài， education, is where the foundation
of education’s value lies, and the
shì jiàoyù de běntǐ gōngnéng。
ontological function of education.
6.10.3 所在 suǒzài place 他选择了⻛景秀美、⽓候宜⼈的所 tā xuǎnzé le fēngjǐng xiùměi、 qìhòu He chose a place with beautiful
6 scenery and a pleasant climate.
在。 yírén de suǒzài。
6.11.1 统统 tǒngtǒng all 影院、酒吧，统统与他⽆缘。 yǐngyuàn、 jiǔbā， tǒngtǒng yǔ tā Theaters and bars (all) have nothing
6 to do with him.
wúyuán。
6.11.2 以A为B yǐ A wéi B regard A as B ⾼级阶段的汉语学习应以阅读吸收为 gāojí jiēduàn de Hànyǔ xuéxí yīng yǐ At the advanced stage of Chinese
主，语法学习为辅。 yuèdú xīshōu wéizhǔ， yǔfǎ xuéxí learning, [we] should consider
6 wéi fǔ。 reading and input should as the
primary, [and] consider grammar
learning as secondary.
6.11.3 该 V (就)(得) V gāi V ( jiù)( dé) V if one should V then 中国过年过节的时候商店最忙了，根 Zhōngguó guònián guòjié de shíhou When the Chinese New Year is over,
one must V 本不放假，该开⻔就得开⻔。 shāngdiàn zuì máng le， gēnběn bù the store is the busiest, and there is
fàngjià， gāi kāimén jiù dé kāimén。 no holiday at all. We have no choice
6 but to stay open. (Lit. If we should
open the door [for business] then
we must open the door [for
business].)
6.12.1 不妨 V bùfáng V it won’t hurt to V 有什么意⻅，你不妨直说。 yǒu shénme yìjiàn， nǐ bùfáng zhí If you have any comments, it won’t
shuō。 hurt for you to say it frankly. (You’re
6 welcome to say it frankly. There’s
nothing preventing you to say it
frankly.)
6.12.2 务必 wùbì must ⻜机起⻜前务必系好安全带。 fēijī qǐfēi qián wùbì xì hǎo you must fasten your seatbelt
6 before the plane takes off.
ānquándài。
6.12.3 鉴于 jiànyú in view of 鉴于农村教师严重缺乏，他决定⼤学 jiànyú nóngcūn jiàoshī yánzhòng In view of the serious shortage of
毕业以后，到农村去当⽼师。 quēfá， tā juédìng dàxué bìyè rural teachers, he decided to go to
6 yǐhòu， dào nóngcūn qù dāng the countryside to become a
lǎoshī。 teacher after graduating from
college.
6.13.1 便于 biànyú easy to 科普⽂章应该写得简明易懂、便于理 kēpǔ wénzhāng yīnggāi xiě dé Popular science articles should be
6 解。 jiǎnmíng yìdǒng、 biànyú lǐjiě。 written in a concise way, [so it’s]
easy to understand.
6.13.2 犹如 N (⼀般/般) A yóurú N ( yībān/ as A as N 公司的劣质产品⽓坏了消费者，顾客 gōngsī de lièzhì chǎnpǐn qì huàile The company's inferior products
bān) A (metaphorically) 的愤怒情绪犹如⽕⼭爆发(⼀般/般)难 xiāofèizhě， gùkè de fènnù qíngxù have angered consumers, and their
6 anger is as difficult to control as a
以控制。 yóurú huǒshānbàofā( yībān/ bān)
nányǐ kòngzhì。 volcanic eruption.
6.13.3 和……相⽐ hé…… xiāngbǐ compared to… 和10年前相⽐，⼈们要经历更多次的 hé10 niánqián xiāngbǐ， rénmen People have to go through more
6 职业选择。 yào jīnglì gèng duōcì de zhíyè career choices compared to 10
xuǎnzé。 years ago.
6.14.1 ⼀+M+M yī + M + M one batch after 每天都会有⼀拨拨同⾏前来考察访 měitiān dūhuì yǒu yī bō bō Every day, there are group after
6
another 问。 tóngháng qiánlái kǎochá fǎngwèn。 group of people from the same
profession coming to tour [the
facilities] and visit.
6.14.2 难以 V nányǐ V hard to 他能否成功尚难以预料。 tā néngfǒu chénggōng shàng nányǐ It’s still hard to predict whether he
6 will be successful.
yùliào。
6.14.3 免得 miǎnde lest 今天⼤家晚点⼉⾛，把活⼉都⼲完， jīntiān dàjiā wǎndiǎn r zǒu， bǎ Everyone [please] leave a little later
6 免得明天再来。 huór dōu gàn wán， miǎnde today and finish all the work, lest
míngtiān zài lái。 you [have to] come again tomorrow.
6.15.1 时⽽……时⽽…… shí'ér…… shí'ér…… sometimes… 阳光下，蝴蝶的颜⾊鲜艳极了，时⽽ yángguāng xià， húdié de yánsè In the sun, the color of the butterfly
sometimes… ⾦⻩，时⽽翠绿，时⽽由紫变蓝。 xiānyàn jíle， shí'ér jīnhuáng， is very bright, sometimes golden,
6
sometimes green, sometimes from
shí'ér cuìlǜ， shí'ér yóu zǐ biàn lán。
purple to blue.
6.15.1 时⽽ shí'ér from time to time 主⼈去世以后，那狗没有了往⽇的精 zhǔrén qùshì yǐhòu， nà gǒu After the death of the owner, the
神，时⽽发出令⼈伤⼼的叫声。 méiyǒu le wǎngrì de jīngshén， dog did not have the spirit like it did
6 in the past, and it sometimes
shí'ér fāchū lìngrén shāngxīn de
makes a sad call.
jiàoshēng。
6.15.2 不禁 V bùjīn V can’t help but to V 听到这个消息，⼤家不禁兴奋起来。 tīngdào zhège xiāoxi， dàjiā bùjīn When you heard the news, everyone
6 couldn't help but get excited.
xīngfèn qilai。
6.15.3 ⽆不 V wúbù V there is nothing that 你的⼀⾔⼀⾏，⼀举⼀动，⽆不影响 nǐ de yīyányīxíng， yījǔyīdòng， Your words and deeds, every move,
6 doesn’t V 着你周围的⼈们。 wúbù yǐngxiǎng zhe nǐ zhōuwéi de they all (lit. there is nothing that
rénmen。 doesn’t) affect the people around
you.
6.16.1 换句话说/(也)就是说 huànjùhuàshuō/( yě) in other words 每个国家都应与他国和睦相处。换句 měi gè guójiā dōu yīng yǔ tāguó Every country should live in
jiùshìshuō 话说/(也)就是说，国家不能为所欲 hémùxiāngchǔ。 huànjùhuàshuō/ harmony with other countries. In
6 other words, a country can't do
为。 ( yě) jiùshìshuō， guójiā bùnéng
wéisuǒyùwéi。 whatever it wants.
6.16.2 为S所V wéi S suǒ V V’ed by S 没有⼀个⼈不为这部电影中的⼈物所 méiyǒu yīgèrén bù wéi zhè bù No one is [left] untouched by the
6 感动。 diànyǐng zhòngdì rénwù suǒ characters in this movie.
gǎndòng。
6.16.3 ⾜以 zúyǐ is enough to 对这样的坏⼈不严惩就不⾜以平⺠ duì zhèyàng de huàirén bù If they do not severely punish such
6 愤。 yánchéng jiù bùzú yǐ píngmín fèn。 bad people, it won’t be enough to
calm the anger civilians.
6.17.1 东#M⻄#M dōng # M xī # M one here and one 客⼈还不⾛，我只好跟他东⼀句⻄⼀ kèrén hái bù zǒu， wǒ zhǐhǎo gēn The guest is not leaving yet, so I
6 there, willy nilly 句地没话找话说。 tā dōng yījù xī yījù dì méi huà zhǎo have to talk aimlessly to him.
huàshuō。
6.17.2 V 中 (zhòng) V zhōng (zhòng) V on the mark ⻜来⼀只苍蝇，⼈动⼿去打，却总是 fēi lái yī zhǐ cāngying， rén A fly flew in. People tried to hit it
6 打不中。 dòngshǒu qù dǎ， què zǒngshì dǎ with their hands but always missed
bù zhōng。 it.
6.17.2 中 (zhòng) N zhōng (zhòng) N hit by N 这种蘑菇不能吃，吃了会中毒的。 zhèzhǒng mógu bùnéng chī， chī le This kind of mushroom can't be
6 huì zhòngdú de。 eaten. You will be poisoned if you
eat it.
6.17.3 姑且 gūqiě for now 这件事，你姑且先答应下来，然后再 zhè jiàn shì， nǐ gūqiě xiān dāying As for this matter, you can agree to
6 慢慢想办法。 xiàlai， ránhòu zài mànmàn xiǎng it for now, and then take your time
bànfǎ。 and think about how to deal with it.
6.18.1 随即 suíjí as soon as 耶稣受了洗，随即从⽔⾥上来。 Yēsū shòu le xǐ， suíjí cóng Shuǐlǐ As soon as Jesus was baptized, he
6 went up out of the water.
shànglái。
6.18.2 宁愿 nìngyuàn would rather 咱们宁愿多花点⼉钱，也要买个质量 zánmen nìngyuàn duō huā diǎnr We'd rather spend more money
6 好的。 qián， yě yào mǎi gè zhìliàng hǎo than buy a good one.
de。
6.18.3 N归N N guī N although N is N 朋友之间，开玩笑归开玩笑，但千万 péngyou zhījiān， kāiwánxiào guī Between friends, [although] jokes
6 别过了头。 kāiwánxiào， dàn qiānwàn bié guò are jokes, but don't go too far.
le tóu。
6.19.1 进⽽ jìn'ér and then ⼈是在实践中接受环境的影响，进⽽ rén shì zài shíjiàn zhōng jiēshòu It is through trial and error, mankind
6 改造⾃⼰的。 huánjìng de yǐngxiǎng， jìn'ér is influenced by their environment,
gǎizào zìjǐ de。 and then transform themselves.
6.19.2 得以 V déyǐ V be enabled to V 他因为年轻，得以免除惩罚。 tā yīnwèi niánqīng， déyǐ miǎnchú He is young, [which] enabled [him]
6 chéngfá。 to be exempt from punishment.
6.19.3 偏偏 V piānpiān V just V, to insist on V 那⾥太危险了，⼤家都劝他不要去， nàli tài wēixiǎn le， dàjiā dōu quàn It's too dangerous there. Everyone
他偏偏要去。 tā bùyào qù， tā piānpiān yào qù。 advised him not to go. He just
6
wanted to go. (He insisted on
going.)
6.19.3 偏偏 CLAUSE piānpiān CLAUSE (CLAUSE is an 正当我坐下来吃晚饭时, 偏偏电话来 zhèngdàng wǒ zuò xiàlai chī wǎnfàn It just have to [be] when I sit down
undesirable 了。 shí, piānpiān diànhuà lái le。 and eat supper that a call came.
6
occurence by
chance)
6.20.1 况且 kuàngqiě besides 这套房⼦交通⽅便，附近有书店，况 zhè tào fángzi jiāotōng fāngbiàn， This apartment has convenient
且房租⼜不贵，真是再合适不过了。 fùjìn yǒu shūdiàn， kuàngqiě fángzū transportation, a bookstore nearby.
6 And besides, the rent is not
yòu bù guì， zhēnshi zài héshì
expensive. It's perfect.
bùguò le。
6.20.2 ⼤ TIME dà TIME (emphasize on TIME) 那辆汽⻋⼤⽩天被⼈偷⾛了。 nà liàng qìchē dàbáitiān bèi rén tōu The car was stolen in broad
6 daylight.
zǒu le。
6.20.3 (与其) V 倒不如 V ( yǔqí) V dǎo bùrú V rather than V, it’s (与其)说这是⼀本像册，倒不如说这 ( yǔqí) shuō zhè shì yī běn xiàng This is not so much a photo album
better to V 是他⼤半⽣的历史。 cè， dǎo bùrú shuō zhè shì tā as the history of most of his life. (Lit.
6 dàbàn shēng de lìshǐ。 Rather than saying it’s a photo
album, it’s better to say it’s the
history of most of his life.)
6.21.1 以免 yǐmiǎn 为了避免感冒时应尽量少去公共场所，以免传 gǎnmào shí yīng jǐnliàng shǎo qù When you have a cold, you should
6 染别⼈。 gōnggòng chǎngsuǒ， yǐmiǎn go to public places as little as
chuánrǎn biéren。 possible so as not to infect others.
6.21.2 嫌 xián dislike, have a strong ⼤家都嫌这个旅⾏计划不够合理。 dàjiā dōu xián zhège lǚxíng jìhuà Everyone feels (badly) that travel
6 negative opinion bùgòu hélǐ。 plan is unreasonable.
about
6.22.1 动不动就 V dòngbudòng jiù V on a whim 他最近⼯作忙、压⼒⼤，动不动就着 tā zuìjìn gōngzuò máng、 yālì dà， He's been busy and stressed
6 recently. He gets angry on a whim.
急、发脾⽓。 dòngbudòng jiù zháojí、 fāpíqì。
6.22.2 甲⼄丙丁 jiǎyǐ bǐng dīng A, B, C, D (series) 甲、⼄、丙、丁是⼀个序列，相当于 jiǎ、 yǐ、 bǐng、 dīng shì yī gè A, B, C and D are sequences
6 英⽂的A、B、C、D。 xùliè， xiāngdāngyú Yīngwén deA、 equivalent to A, B, C and D in
B、C、D。 English.
6.23.1 加以 V jiāyǐ V proceed with V 对于你的意⻅和建议，我们会认真加 duìyú nǐ de yìjiàn hé jiànyì， wǒmen As for your opinions and
6 以研究。 huì rènzhēn jiāyǐ yánjiū。 suggestions, we will carefully
(conduct a) study.
6.23.2 ⼤⼤/远远 V dàdà/ yuǎnyuǎn V V by far 你的能⼒⼤⼤/远远超出了我们的想 nǐ de nénglì dàdà/ yuǎnyuǎn Your abilities exceeded our
6 chāochū le wǒmen de xiǎngxiàng。 imagination by far.
象。
6.23.2 远远 + 不/没 + V/A yuǎnyuǎn + bù/ méi far from V-ing, far 你现在的知识、能⼒都远远不能胜任 nǐ xiànzài de zhīshi、 nénglì dōu Your current knowledge and abilities
6 + V/A from A 你理想中的⼯作。 yuǎnyuǎn bùnéng shèngrèn nǐ are far from [sufficient for you to be]
lǐxiǎng zhòngdì gōngzuò。 competent for your ideal job.
6.24.1 紧缩句 jǐnsuō jù (omitting “if” words) 站住！(要是) 不站住，我就开枪了。 zhànzhù！( yàoshi) bù zhànzhù， Stop! If you don't stop, I'll shoot.
6
wǒ jiù kāiqiāng le。
6.24.2 特意 tèyì on purpose 那⼀年我出差去天津，特意绕道北 nà yī nián wǒ chūchāi qù Tiānjīn， That year, I went to Tianjin on
京，去了趟圆明园。 tèyì ràodào Běijīng， qù le tàng business. On purpose, I made a
6
Yuánmíngyuán。 detour to Beijing and went to
Yuanmingyuan.
6.25.1 即将 jíjiāng about 我们已经完成了学业，即将⾛上⼯作 wǒmen yǐjīng wánchéng le xuéyè， We have finished our studies and
岗位，开始⼈⽣新的⼀⻚。 jíjiāng zǒu shàng gōngzuò about to go to work and start a new
6
gǎngwèi， kāishǐ rénshēng xīn de yī page in our lives.
yè。
6.25.2 能+V+就+V néng + V + jiù + V V if possible 这个⼿机没⽤多久，能修就修，尽量 zhège shǒujī méiyòng duōjiǔ， néng This mobile phone hasn’t been used
6 别换新的。 xiū jiù xiū， jǐnliàng bié huànxīn for long. If it can be repaired, (then)
repair it. Try not to replace it.
de。
6.26.1 别说 bié shuō let alone 晚上看书别说蜡烛了，就是灯油也要 wǎnshang kànshū bié shuō làzhú When [I] read at night, let alone
6 节省着⽤。 le， jiùshì dēng yóu yě yào jiéshěng candles, I had to scrooge even on
zhe yòng。 the lamp oil.
6.26.2 V1V1V2V2 V1V1V2V2 (repeated action) ⼩孩⼦就喜欢打打闹闹，磕磕碰碰是 xiǎoháizi jiù xǐhuan dǎ dǎ nào nào， Children like to make a lot of noise.
难免的，过⼏天就好了，别担⼼。 kē kēpèng pèng shì nánmiǎn de， It's inevitable to bump into each
6
guò jǐtiān jiù hǎole， bié dānxīn。 other. It'll be all right in a few days.
Don't worry.
6.27.1 左#MN右#MN zuǒ # M N yòu # M one N after another 妈妈左⼀个电话右⼀个电话地催他回 māma zuǒ yī gè diànhuà yòu yī gè Mother called him left and right (lit.
6 N 家。 diànhuà dì cuī tā huíjiā。 with one call after another), trying
to hurry him to come home.
6.27.2 莫⾮/难道 …… 不成 mòfēi/ nándào …… could it be that 他⼤吃⼀惊，头脑中⼀⽚空⽩——莫 tā dàchīyījīng， tóunǎo zhōng yīpiàn He was shocked and his mind was
6 bùchéng ⾮受了骗不成? kòngbái—— mòfēi shòu le piàn blank - could he possibly be
bùchéng? deceived?
6.28.1 ⼀个 N yī gè N with a… 他⼿没抓住栏杆，⼀个跟头栽了下 tā shǒu méi zhuāzhù lángān， yī gè He missed the railing and fell with a
6 flip.
来。 gēntou zāi le xiàlai。
6.28.1 (了) 个 A ( le) gè A to the extent that it 他把⼼爱的琴摔了个粉碎。 tā bǎ xīn'ài de qín shuāi le gè He smashed his beloved violin to
6 became A fěnsuì。 pieces (lit. to the extent that it
became shattered).
6.28.2 向来 V/A xiànglái V/A always have (been) 他们向来忠厚、⽼实，为⼈诚恳。 tāmen xiànglái zhōnghòu、 lǎoshi， They have always been loyal,
6 V/A honest and sincere.
wéirén chéngkěn。
6.29.1 预先 yùxiān ahead of time ⼤家预先都没有想到，本届绘画展览 dàjiā yùxiān dōu méiyǒu xiǎngdào， It was never expected (ahead of
6 竟然这么受欢迎。 běnjiè huìhuà zhǎnlǎn jìngrán zhème time) that this painting exhibition
shòuhuānyíng。 would be so popular.
6.29.2 CLAUSE1 也好 CLAUSE1 yě hǎo it doesn’t matter 开汽⻋也好，骑⾃⾏⻋也罢，⾏进中 kāi qìchē yě hǎo， qí zìxíngchē It doesn’t matter whether [you are]
CLAUSE2 也罢 CLAUSE2 yěbà whether CLAUSE1 or 打电话都会影响注意⼒与反应能⼒。 yěbà， xíngjìn zhōng dǎdiànhuà driving a car or riding a bicycle,
6 CLAUSE2 dūhuì yǐngxiǎng zhùyìlì yǔ fǎnyìng making phone calls during the
nénglì。 journey can affect attention and
reaction ability.
6.30.1 不时 bùshí from time to time 不时传来的⼏声⻦叫提醒我们，新的 bùshí chuánlái de jǐ shēng niǎo jiào A few bird calls from time to time
6 ⼀天⼜开始了。 tíxǐng wǒmen， xīn de yī tiān yòu remind us that a new day has
kāishǐ le。 begun.
6.30.2 多多少少 duōduōshǎoshǎo more or less 他的话多多少少有些真实。 tā dehuà duōduōshǎoshǎo yǒuxiē What he said was more or less
6 truthful.
zhēnshí。
6.31.1 逐M zhú M one by one ⾬季快到了，⽔库要逐个检查，以排 yǔjì kuài dàoliǎo， shuǐkù yào As the rainy season is approaching,
除安全隐患。 zhúgè jiǎnchá， yǐ páichú ānquán reservoirs should be inspected one
6
yǐnhuàn。 by one to eliminate potential safety
hazards.
6.31.2 归根到底 guīgēndàodǐ after all 运动健身归根到底是⾃⼰的事，胡乱 yùndòng jiànshēn guīgēndàodǐ shì Exercise and fitness is after all
6 对付其实是在骗⾃⼰。 zìjǐ de shì， húluàn duìfu qíshí shì [your] own business. If you just try
zài piàn zìjǐ。 to scrape through it, you are actually
deceiving yourself.
6.32.1 哪怕 nǎpà even if 您放⼼，我们⼀定会尽全⼒抢救病 nín fàngxīn， wǒmen yīdìng huì jìn You can rest assured that we will do
6 ⼈，哪怕只有⼀线希望。 quánlì qiǎngjiù bìngrén， nǎpà our best to save the patients, even
zhǐyǒu yīxiànxīwàng。 if there is only a glimmer of hope.
6.32.2 反之 fǎnzhī on the contrary 经济发展了，百姓的收⼊增加了，消 jīngjìfāzhǎn le， bǎixìng de shōurù If the economy develops, people's
费能⼒就强，反之，百姓的消费能⼒ zēngjiā le， xiāofèi nénglì jiù income increases, and their buying
6 就差。 qiáng， fǎnzhī， bǎixìng de xiāofèi power increases. On the contrary
[if the opposite is true], people's
nénglì jiù chà。 buying power will be less.
6.33.1 V/A1 的 V/A1，V/A2 V/A1 de V/A1，V/A2 some V/A1, some V/ 进了果园，⼤家看到⼀树的桃，红 jìn le guǒyuán， dàjiā kàn dào yī Entering the orchard, you can see a
6 的 V/A2 de V/A2 A2 的红，绿的绿，漂亮极了。 shù de táo ， hóng de hóng， lǜ de tree of peaches, some red, some
green, very beautiful.
lǜ， piàoliang jíle。
6.33.2 ⼀时 yīshí momentarily 她⼀时⼼急，连⻔都没有锁就冲出家 tā yīshí xīnjí， lián mén dōu méiyǒu She was anxious at the time and
6 ⻔。 suǒ jiù chōngchū jiāmén。 she rushed out without locking the
door.
6.34.1 (CLAUSE) S 尚且 V (CLAUSE) S even (CLAUSE) S V 经济增⻓时，这个企业尚且如此，经 jīngjìzēngzhǎng shí， zhège qǐyè Even during economic growth, the
shàngqiě V 济衰退时，企业肯定会出现⽣存问 shàngqiě rúcǐ， jīngjìshuāituì shí， company is (yet) like this. It will
6 certainly face survival problems in
题。 qǐyè kěndìng huì chūxiàn shēngcún
wèntí。 economic recession.
6.34.2 当年、当时、当代 dāngnián、 at that time 他已不是当年的他了。 tā yǐ bùshì dāngnián de tā le。 He is not the same man as he used
6 to be (back in those days).
dāngshí、 dāngdài
6.35.1 终究 zhōngjiū after all 猫终究是动物，动物急了咬⼈也是常 māo zhōngjiū shì dòngwù， Cats are animals after all, and it is
6 的。 dòngwù jí le yǎo rén yě shì cháng normal for animals to bite people
de。 when they get frantic.
6.35.2 愈……愈…… yù…… yù…… the more… the 愈是经营年画久了，他对年画就愈是 yù shì jīngyíng nián huà jiǔ le， tā The longer he has been selling New
6 more… 热爱。 duì nián huà jiù yù shì rè'ài。 Year's paintings, the more he loves
them.
6.36.1 ⼀经 yī jīng once 领导集团会对重⼤问题做出决定。⼀ lǐngdǎo jítuán huì duì zhòngdà wèntí Leading groups will make decisions
经决定，集团成员必须共同遵守。 zuòchū juédìng。 yī jīng juédìng， on major issues. Once a decision
6 has been made, the members of the
jítuán chéngyuán bìxū gòngtóng
zūnshǒu。 group must abide by it together.
6.36.2 本着 N běnzhe N based on 两国谈判代表本着互谅互让的精神， liǎngguó tánpàn dàibiǎo běnzhe hù In the spirit of mutual understanding
解决了拖延多年的问题。 liàng hù ràng de jīngshén， jiějué le and compromise, the negotiators of
6
tuōyán duō nián de wèntí。 the two countries solved the
problem of many years’ delay.
6.37.1 为……起⻅ wéi…… qǐjiàn for the sake of 购买餐具后，为安全起⻅可先将餐具 gòumǎi cānjù hòu， wéi ānquán After you purchasing tableware, they
6 进⾏消毒处理。 qǐjiàn kě xiān jiāng cānjù jìnxíng can be disinfected in view of safety.
xiāodú chǔlǐ。
6.37.2 暂且 zànqiě for now ⼲了⼏天，⼩王就不想⼲了。⼤家没 gàn le jǐtiān， xiǎo wáng jiù bùxiǎng After a few days, Xiao Wang didn't
6 办法，只得暂且由他去。 gàn le。 dàjiā méibànfǎ， zhǐdé want to work [that job] anymore.
Everyone had no choice but to leave
zànqiě yóu tā qù。
him for the time being.
6.38.1 屡次 lǚcì repeatedly 屡次创业，却屡次惨遭失败的⼈总想 lǚcì chuàngyè， què lǚcì cǎnzāo People who repeatedly start
知道，创业有窍⻔吗? shībài de rén zǒng xiǎng zhīdào， businesses but repeatedly fail
6 chuàngyè yǒu qiàomén ma? miserably often wonder, “Are there
any secrets to starting a [successful]
business?”
6.38.2 依据 yījù basis 你们这样做有法律依据吗? nǐmen zhèyàng zuò yǒu fǎlǜ yījù Do you have any legal basis for
6
ma? doing so?
6.38.2 依据 yījù based on 创业必须依据市场需求，这是⼀条永 chuàngyè bìxū yījù shìchǎng It is an eternal truth that
6 恒的真理。 xūqiú， zhè shì yī tiáo yǒnghéng de entrepreneurship must be based on
zhēnlǐ。 market demand.
6.39.1 任意 rènyì arbitrary 合同⼀旦⽣效，任何⼀⽅都不能任意 hétong yīdàn shēngxiào， rènhé Once the contract comes into force,
6 反悔了。 yīfāng dōu bùnéng rènyì fǎnhuǐ le。 neither party can change their minds
arbitrarily.
6.39.2 尚未 shàngwèi not yet 所谓潜在的市场，就是尚未被⼈们认 suǒwèi qiánzài de shìchǎng， jiùshì The so-called potential market is the
6 识的市场。 shàngwèi bèi rénmen rènshi de market not yet recognized by
shìchǎng。 people.
6.40.1 (把)……放在眼⾥ ( bǎ)…… take … seriously 这点困难她根本不放在眼⾥。 zhè diǎn kùnnan tā gēnběn bù [As for] this (little bit of) difficulty, she
6 fàngzàiyǎnlǐ didn't take it seriously at all.
fàngzàiyǎnlǐ。
6.40.2 不⽆ bùwú not without 她说⼯资低，这也不⽆道理。 tā shuō gōngzī dī， zhè yě bùwú She says that her salary is low. This
6 is not without reason.
dàoli。

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HSK Code Structure Pinyin English Equivalent Example Example Pinyin Example Translation

1 1.03.1 什么 shénme what 这是什么? zhè shì shénme? What is this?

1 1.03.2 不是 bùshì not to be 我不是美国⼈。 wǒ bùshì Měiguórén。 I am not an American.

1 1.03.2 是 shì to be 她是⽼师。 tā shì lǎoshī。 She is a teacher.

1 1.04.1 谁 shéi who 她是谁? tā shì shéi? Who is she?

1 1.04.1 哪MN nǎ M N which N 哪个⼈? nǎ gèrén? Which person?

1 1.05.2 ⼀～九⼗九 yī～ jiǔ shíjiǔ 1 ~ 99 九⼗⼀ jiǔ shí·yī 1 - 99

1 1.06.2 很 hěn very 我很好 wǒ hěn hǎo I am good.

1 1.07.2 (omitting 是) 我汉语⽼师33岁。 wǒ Hànyǔ lǎoshī33 suì。 My Chinese teacher is 33.

1 1.07.3 去 PLACE V qù PLACE V go to PLACE to do V 我去学校学习。 wǒ qù xuéxiào xuéxí。 I go to school to study.

1 1.08.1 想 xiǎng to want 我想看书 wǒ xiǎng kànshū I want to read books.

1 1.08.3 个 gè (measure word) 五个学⽣ wǔ gè xuésheng 5 students

1 1.09.2 哪⼉？ nǎr？ where 我的杯⼦在哪⼉? wǒ de bēizi zàinǎr? Where is my cup?

1 1.09.4 Q呢 Q ne I wonder 他在哪⼉呢? tā zàinǎr ne? Where is he, I wonder?

1 1.09.4 N 呢？ N ne？ where is N 我的杯⼦呢? wǒ de bēizi ne? Where is my cup?

1 1.10.2 和 hé and 爸爸、妈妈和我 bàba、 māma hé wǒ dad, mom and I

1 1.10.4 请V qǐng V please V 请坐。 qǐng zuò。 Please sit.

1 1.13.3 1 (yāo) 1 (yāo) (1 in telephony) 138-0156-7749 138-0156-7749 1 reads as yāo.

1 1.14.3 ……啊 …… ā (exclamation) 好啊。是啊。 hǎo ā。 shì ā。 Sure! Yeah!

1 1.15.2 年 nián year ⼆零⼀七年 èr líng yī qī nián Year 2017

2 2.01.3 ⼏ jǐ several ⼏本书 jǐ běn shū several books

2 2.01.3 ⼏⼗ jǐ shí tens of ⼏⼗本书 jǐ shí běn shū tens of people

2 2.02.3 多A duō A how A 他多⾼？ tā duō gāo？ How tall is he?

B: But still [you] shouldn’t be

3 3.06.2 N 呢? N ne? where is N? 你的书呢？ nǐ de shū ne？ Where is your book?

4 4.04.2 本来就 V/A běnlái jiù V/A (see 4.03.2) - - -

5 5.05.2 A于N A yú N A to N 运动有助于健康。 yùndòng yǒuzhùyú jiànkāng。 Exercise is beneficial to health.

5 5.17.1 以 yǐ (see 4.14.2 “以”) - - -

5 5.A01 # 点 ## # diǎn ## # point ## 三点⼀四 sān diǎn yī sì 3.14

5 5.A02 #1 分之 #2 #1 fēnzhī #2 #2 #1-th (fraction) 五分之⼀ wǔfēnzhīyī 1/5

5 5.A02 百分之 # bǎifēnzhī # # percent 百分之九 bǎifēnzhī jiǔ 9 percent

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