The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

Plastisty
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
Structural Engineering
Civil Department
Supervisor by : Dr. Saddam
Prepared by: Lawend Kamal

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
Henri Édouard Tresca (12 October 1814 – 21 June
1885) was a French mechanical engineer, and a
professor at the Conservatoire National des Arts et
Métiers in Paris.

• He is the father of the field of plasticity, or non-

recoverable deformations, which he explored in
an extensive series of experiments begun in 1864.
• He stated one of the first criteria of
material failure, that now brings his name. The
criteria specifies that a material would flow
plastically if

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca
Tresca's criteria is one of two main failure criteria used
today for ductile materials. The second important
criterion is due to Richard von Mises.

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
Introduction
• In chapter 1 the yield behaviour of a 1-dimensional stress state was
discussed.
• For more dimensional stress states so-called yield criteria are required,
indicating which combination of stresses will lead to limit stress states.
• In structural mechanics, frequently two-dimensional stress states are
encountered and therefore, most attention will be paid to this in this
Lecture.

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

• Since it was observed that for tensile tests carried out on mild steel, the
plastic deformations occur along planes making an angle of about 45°
with the axis of the test specimen, it was logical to assume that the
maximum shear stress was the decisive factor for yielding.
• The magnitude of the maximum shear stress can easily be obtained
from a tensile test (Fig. 6.1a):

23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (Calculation)
𝜎 𝜎²
𝜎𝑥𝑦shear max = ( )² + 𝜏 2 = + 𝜏2 = R 𝜎𝑝
2 4
2∗ = 𝜎² + 4𝜏 2
2
𝜎𝑥𝑥 𝜎𝑝
𝜎𝑥𝑦max =
2
𝜏𝑝 = 𝜎𝑥𝑦max = 2
𝜎𝑝 = 𝜎² + 4𝜏 2
𝜎² 2² 2
𝜎𝑥𝑦 = + 𝜏
2² 2²
𝜎𝑝 ²=𝜎² + 4𝜏 2
1
𝜎𝑥𝑦 = 𝜎² + 4𝜏 2
2
𝜎² 4𝜏2
+ =1
𝜎𝑝 ² 𝜎𝑝 ²
2𝜎𝑥𝑦 = 𝜎² + 4𝜏 2
𝜎² 𝜏2
+ =1
𝜎𝑝 ² 𝜎𝑝 ²
2𝜎𝑥𝑦 = 𝜎² + 4𝜏 2 4
23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

𝜎² 𝜏2
+ =1
𝜎𝑝 ² 𝜎𝑝 ²
4
23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
• For plane stress, let the principal stresses be σ1 and σ2,
with σ3 = 0.
• The yield surfaces for the Tresca yield criterion and the von
Mises yield criterion in plane stress are shown below:

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
• In the 3-dimensional stress space having principal stresses (𝜎₁, 𝜎₂ , 𝜎₃
) the largest shear stress is given by the largest of the absolute values
of the differences given below:

23 February 2021
 The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
For stress combinations inside the hexagon the material reacts
elastically. Stress combinations on the hexagon cause the material to
yield. Unloading takes place elastically. Outside the hexagon, no stress
combinations are possible.

23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

𝜎² 𝜏2
+ =1
𝜎𝑝 ² 𝜎𝑝 ²
3

23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)
𝜎² 𝜏2
+ =1
𝜎𝑝 ² 𝜎𝑝 ²
3

23 February 2021
The yield criterion of Tresca (steel)

The end

23 February 2021