Calcular el caudal del siguiente tubo de Venturi :

∅1 = 10𝑐𝑚 ∅2 = 5𝑐𝑚
Po

𝑁. 𝑅1 P
1 2

Escriba aquí la ecuación.

P

𝑁. 𝑅2 A B Po

𝐷𝐴𝑇𝑂𝑆 ∶ 𝑆𝑂𝐿𝑈𝐶𝐼Ó𝑁:
𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
∅1 = 10𝑐𝑚 𝑄 =𝑉∗𝐴
∅2 = 5𝑐𝑚
ℎ = 10𝑐𝑚 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐴1 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷12 /4
𝑘𝑔 𝐴2 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷22 /4
𝜌𝐻2𝑂 = 1000 3
𝑚 𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠:
𝑉1 ∗ 𝐴1 = 𝑉2 ∗ 𝐴2
𝑘𝑔 𝑉1 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 102 /4 = 𝑉2 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 52 /4
𝜌𝐻𝑔 = 13580 𝑉2 = 4 ∗ 𝑉1 … (1)
𝑚3
𝑚 𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑙𝑖:
𝑔 = 9.8
𝑠2
1 1
𝑃1 + ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉12 + 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ1 = 𝑃2 + ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉22 + 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ2
2 2

𝑆𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 (𝑁. 𝑅):

1 1
𝑃1 + ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉12 + 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 0 = 𝑃2 + ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉22 + 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 0
2 2
1 1
𝑃1 + ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉1 = 𝑃2 + ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉22
2
2 2
1 2
1 2
∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉2 − ∗ 𝜌 ∗ 𝑉1 = 𝑃1 − 𝑃2
2 2
1
∗ 𝜌 ∗ (𝑉2 − 𝑉12 ) = 𝑃1 − 𝑃2 … (2)
2
2

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑁. 𝑅2 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙:

a) 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃𝑜 + 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ1
𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃1 + 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ1
b) 𝑃𝐵 = 𝑃𝑜 + 𝜌 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ2
𝑃𝐵 = 𝑃2 + 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ2 + 𝜌𝐻𝑔 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 10
 𝑃𝐴 = 𝑃𝐵
𝑃1 + 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ1 = 𝑃2 + 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ ℎ2 + 𝜌𝐻𝑔 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 10

𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑔(ℎ2 − ℎ1 ) + 𝜌𝐻𝑔 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 10

𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ (−10) + 𝜌𝐻𝑔 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 10
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = (𝜌𝐻𝑔 − 𝜌𝐻2𝑂 ) ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 10
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔 𝑚
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = (13580 3 − 1000 3 ) ∗ 9.8 2 ∗ 0.1𝑚
𝑚 𝑚 𝑠
𝑘𝑔 𝑚∗𝑚 1𝑘𝑔∗𝑚
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = 12328.4 (1 Newton = )
𝑚3 𝑠2 𝑠2

𝑁
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = 12328.4 … (3)
𝑚2
𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 (2) 𝑒𝑛 (3):
1
∗𝜌 ∗ (𝑉22 − 𝑉12 ) = 12328.4
2 𝐻2𝑂
𝑁 2
(𝑉22 − 𝑉12 ) = 12328.4 ∗
𝑚 1000 𝑘𝑔
2
𝑚3
𝑁𝑚
(𝑉22 − 𝑉12 ) = 24.6568
𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔 ∗ 𝑚 𝑚
(𝑉22 − 𝑉12 ) = 24.6568
𝑠2 𝑘𝑔
𝑚2
(𝑉22 − 𝑉12 ) = 24.6568 … (4)
𝑠2
𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 (1) 𝑒𝑛 (4):
𝑚2
(16𝑉12 − 𝑉12 ) = 24.6568 … (4)
𝑠2

𝑚2
𝑉1 = √24.6568 /15
𝑠2

𝑉1 = 1.2821 𝑚/𝑠
Calculamos el caudal:
𝑄 =𝑉∗𝐴
𝑚 0.12 𝑚2
𝑄 = 1.2821 ∗ 3.14 ∗
𝑠 4

𝑚3 1000 𝑙
𝑄 = 0.01 ∗
𝑠 1 𝑚3
𝑙
𝑄 = 10
𝑠

𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑃𝑈𝐸𝑆𝑇𝐴: 𝑙
El caudal que fluye por el tubo es de 10 .
𝑠