Distributed Generation

Name: Abhishek Kumar

Branch: Power Electronics and Drives
Enrollment No: MT20PED005
Aim: To design island mode operation of PV connected inverter.
Apparatus Required: Basic blocks of virtual software MATLAB.
Theory: The islanding mode is a condition in which a micro-grid or a portion of
the power grid, which contains both load and distributed generation (DG), is
isolated from the remainder of the utility system and continues to operate. This
type of mode of operation can be used to supply the power to the isolated portion
of the area where it is quite difficult to supply the power from the main grid or
supply, due to the lack of development of infrastructure.
This model requires following tools to supply the power to the selected area:
(a) PV array: A photovoltaic array is an assembly of photovoltaic panels.
Photovoltaic panels or PV panels are more commonly known as solar
panels which absorb light, commonly solar light and convert them to
electrical energy.
(b) Inverter: An electric inverter is a converter device that converts DC
voltage to AC voltage. Inverter takes DC voltage as input and provide AC
output of the required frequency. The output of the Inverter can be used to
directly supply the power the load.
(c) Pulse Generator: Pulse generator is used to trigger the inverter. The pulse
generator generates electrical signal that can turn on and off the inverter as
per the required frequency. The pulse generator is responsible to control
the frequency of the output voltage.
(d) Relay: Relay acts as a switch to turn on the switch ON and OFF for the
particular interval of time.
Observations: Observation is made for the sun light energy absorbs by the
PV array, for that assumptions are made on an average temperature and sun
irradiance received by the PV array during day time.
Assumptions:
 Sun Irradiance = 1000 watt/m
 Temperature = 25∘ C
Fig: Full circuit model of isolated mode of operation of PV connected inverter.

Fig: Load voltage waveform.

Fig: Load current waveform.

Fig: Percentage THD in output voltage waveform.
Results:
The circuit model for the island mode of operation is designed using virtual
software MATLAB. The RMS voltage and current of all three phases are
calculated. The model is designed to work on fundamental frequency. The voltage
and current waveform are also studied using which the percentage THD in all
three phases voltage is calculated.