DRAFT PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES OF

Etc-Mobile SBU THE SWITCHING (NOKIA)

Prepared by: No.

ETC O & M Team Draft DOC-No.1

Approved by: Date Rev. A File
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THE ROLE OF THE NOKIA MSC O & M STAFF ON DUTY

This list of procedures is an example of what a system technician may perform as daily, weekly,
monthly, quarterly and periodic supervision processes

1- Daily Maintainanse Routins

1.1 Outputting alarm history
Steps
1. Output the alarm history for the previous 24hrs

2. If there is a large number of alarms, split the output into 3-star alarms, 2-star alarms, 1-
star alarms, disturbances and notices by specifying the CLS parameter

All alarms must be investigated and accounted for.

Command

ZAHP:

1.2 Outputting current alarms

Steps
1. Output current alarms (AHO)

ZAHO:

1.3 Checking working states of computer units

Steps
Check that any abnormal working states are accounted for (USI)

ZUSI:COMP;

You can use the USL command to list units in an incorrect state. The following command lists
all the units in incorrect state (i.e. other than WO-EX or SP-EX or if the unit is in faulty state,
FLTY):

ZUSL:,INCO:ALL;

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1.4 Checking working states of I/O devices

Steps
Check the working states of I/O devices (ISI)

ZISI:

1.5 Outputting clear codes

Steps

1. Output the clear codes (TUT)

ZTUT:

2. Study the report and investigate any abnormal trends

You can obtain the previous measurement period, using the TUL command.

ZTUL:

3. If the switch has an unexpected high amount of certain clear codes, you can monitor these
using the TOF command

ZTOF:

You can monitor 5 different clear codes simultaneously. The results (in ASCII) will be
output via the TRAOBS logical file.
Note
Remember that the clear code monitoring, as well as any other monitoring, is not meant to be left
on permanently.

1.6 cheking signaling link loads

Use this command to interrogate the signalling links load .
Command
ZOLT:

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1.7 Cheking CGR utilization

command
ZCEL:
Note
With this command you can interrogate the trunk circuits in a given circuit group or in several circuit groups, listing
the circuits that are in a particular state. You can list either the number of circuits in a particular state, or the
addresses and states of the circuits. Using this command, you can also list other things, such as only those circuits
that are in some other state than WO-EX.

1.8 Cheking number of subscribers

1-Number of subscribers in VLR

command
ZMVI:

2-Number of subscribers in HLR

command
ZMII:

3-Number of roaming subscribers

command
ZMVF:

1.9 Inspecting printers

Steps
1. Ensure that all printers have enough paper for the next 24 hours

2. Ensure that all printers are operating correctly

1.10 Inspecting tape units

Steps
1. Ensure that all tape units have enough tape for the next 24 hours

2. Ensure that all tape units are operating correctly

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1.11 Updating FB build

Before you start
To be able to update the FB build, you must have created the FB build using the mode=full
parameter of the WKS command.
Note
Take fallbacks during low traffic, for example, at night.
Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Update the FB build (WKS)

ZWKS:MODE=DATA;
Note
You can do this only if the node contains a full fallback copy of the BU build.

2. Check in the log file that the backup was successful (WKP)

ZWKP:DATA:EMODE;

See the instructions on Safecopying for more information on the fallback copying procedure

On NED.

1.12 Taking backup copies of FB build on MOD tape

This section describes how to copy the FB build to the magneto optical disc.
Note
Use several DAT tapes and swap them each week to prevent a tape failure during the operation from
destroying the only backup.
Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Check the name of the directory where the fallback copy is stored (WQO)

ZWQO:CR;
Note
Make sure that the FB build has been updated as described in the section Updating the FB
build .

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2. Copy the files (IPS)

The following command copies data from the system disk located in OMU to the CTU
located in the same OMU.

ZIPS:”OMU”,WDU-S,/FB980815,,,:,CTU-0,,,: NAME=BACKUP1, DIR=INC,

ISD=Y;

3. Always remove the tape from the drive

This prevents dust from entering in the drive mechanism.

For more information on how to take a backup of the FB build, refer to instructions
on Safecopying on NED.

2- Weekly Maintenans Routines

2.1 Printing and saving unit states
Steps
1. Print the unit states (USI)

ZUSI;
Note
Save the printout as an accurate record of the unit states. You can use the printout later during
investigations into any incident or failure.

2.2 Checking blocked alarms

Steps
1. Check the blocked alarms (ABO

ZABO;

2. Look for any blocked alarms that cannot be accounted

2.3 Checking date and time

Steps
1. Check the date and time of the network element (DCD)

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ZDCD;
Note
Remember that changing the time affects all time measurements currently in progress in the network
element (or elements). This includes, for example, traffic measurement periods and measurement of
the conversation time in detailed charging. The effects of changing the time must be taken into
account in these measurements (in the analysis and further processing of the results).

2.6 Checking printers

Steps
Check the printer ribbons and clean the printers if required.

4- Monthily Mentenanse Routines

4.1 Checking hardware alarms

Steps
1. Check the hardware alarms and alarm inputs (WAE)

The following command tests the alarm inputs of all cartridges in rack 1A:

ZWAE:1A;

4.2 Cleaning visual display unit

This section describes the service of the Visual Display Unit (VDU).

Table 7 shows the Visual Display Unit service interval, the estimated duration of service and the tools
needed in service.

Table: Cleaning the VDU.

DEVICE All models

SERVICE INTERVAL Monthly

ESTIMATED DURATION 5 - 10 min

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TOOLS Soft cloth and cleaning fluid or suitable cleaner tissue

Note
Fluids containing oils or alcohol must not be used for the cleaning. A mild soap solution is suitable.
Steps
1. Wipe the screen, the case and the keyboard with cloth moistened with the cleaning solution
or with ready-made cleaner tissues

2. If necessary, adjust the brightness and contrast of the display using the adjustments of the
monitor

Note
Avoid having the display unit adjusted too bright since that shortens the lifetime of the Cathod
Ray Tube (CRT).

5- Six-Monthly Maintenanse Routines

5.1 Procedure information: Running fault diagnoses and

changing unit states
Run fault diagnoses on all spare computer units, message buses and
clock units.
Note
The routines in this section should be carried out in low traffic periods.
Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Change the unit state to TE (USC)

ZUSC:

2. Run the fault diagnosis (UDU)

For example, to run all fault diagnoses on SSU 0–1:

ZUDU:SSU,0,1;

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3. If any of the fault diagnoses fail, you must investigate and correct the fault using normal
maintenance procedures

4. Change the unit states of the units diagnosed above to WO-EX (USC)

ZUSC
Note
In larger network elements the above routines will be time-consuming. The operator may first
wish to perform the fault diagnoses followed by unit changeovers one month later. The frequency
of the routines can be adjusted accordingly. Carry out the unit changeovers during low traffic.

5.2 Adjusting the CLG plug-in unit

Before you start
The CLG can be serviced only if the M/CAC unit which the CLG is attached to is in working state SE. If
the working state is other than SE, the M/CAC involved must first be set to state SE by the USC
command. If the unit involved is an RSS, no preliminary measures are needed.

When adjusting the CLG, you need to know the characters on the front panel of the CLG. In the Figure
Characters on the front panel of the CLG needed in adjusting below, you can see the characters
and their explanations that are needed in the adjustment of the CLG.

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Figure: Characters on the front panel of the CLG needed in adjusting

For more information, see The adjustment of the clock generator .

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

5.3 Adjusting the frequency of the CLG plug-in unit

Steps
1. Connect the frequency counter to the measurement point and earth point on the front panel
of the CLG

2. When necessary, adjust the sensitivity of the frequency meter to maintain the reading of the
meter stable

3. By turning a screw on the front panel with a screwdriver, adjust the frequency to value
2.048 MHz with the accuracy of 1 % within a 0.2-Hz range

When you lift the screwdriver from the screw, the reading of the meter should remain
at the adjusted value.

After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

5.4 Adjusting the voltage of the CLG phase lock

Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Make sure that the CLG to be serviced synchronises with the incoming timing signal

The red signal light on the front panel must not be on, whereas the same green signal
light (marked 0, 1 or 2), indicating clock input, as in the active CLG must be lit.

2. Connect the digital voltmeter to the measurement point and earth point on the front panel

3. By turning a screw adjust the voltage to value 0 V, with the accuracy of 1 % within a 1-mV
range

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After you lift the screwdriver from the screw, the reading should remain at the adjusted
value. After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

4. After you have made the adjustments, return the functional units to working state SP or WO

6 Further information:
Example: Adjusting the CLG connected to M-1

Steps
1. Use the USI command to see whether the M-1 is in working state SE. If it is in working state
SE, you can move on to task three.

ZUSI:M,1;

2. If the M-1 is not in working state SE, use the USC command to change the working state. If
the M-1 is in working state WO-EX, you first have to change the working state to TE and then
to SE command.

ZUSC:M,1:TE;

ZUSC:M,1:SE;

3. Connect the frequency counter to the measurement point and earth point on the front panel
of the CLG.

4. By turning a screw on the front panel with a screwdriver, adjust the frequency to value 2.048
MHz with the accuracy of 1 % within a 0.2-Hz range.

5. After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

6. Connect the digital voltmeter to the measurement point and earth point on the front panel of
the CLG.

7. By turning a screw, adjust the voltage to value 0 V, with the accuracy of 1 % within a 1-mV
range.

8. After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

9. After you have made the adjustments, return the functional units to working state SP or WO.

ZUSC:M,1:SP;

or

ZUSC:M,1:WO;

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

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6- Yearly Mentainanse Routins

6.1 Checking voltages
Cartridge construction

There is no need to check the voltages when cartridge construction is in use.

Subrack construction

If the network element construction is based on subracks, check the voltages of the subracks at the
vertical power buses.

Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Measure the supply voltage at the rack specific power supply points

Refer to the table for the voltage tolerances.

Table: Feed voltage to DC/DC converters.

Nominal voltage Tolerance

-48 V -41.5 V to -57 V

-60 V -48 V to -75 V

2. Check and measure the voltages of the vertical power busses.

Refer to the table for the tolerances of idle voltages.

Table: Voltages of racks.

Nominal voltage Tolerances of idle voltages

5.1 V 5.10 - 5.20 V

12.1 V 12.10 - 12.25 V

120 V 120 - 130 V (49.5 - 50.5 Hz)

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Nominal voltage Tolerances of idle voltages

Note
Measured voltages must be within +/- 5% of the nominal voltage. If the voltage does not meet the
tolerance requirements, replace the power supply unit and send the faulty unit to service.

3. Check the earthing connections visually

4. Measure the voltage difference between the earth (DOV) and + lead (0V)

Note
The voltage difference must be under 1V. If the voltage difference is greater than 1V, do the
following:
a. Check what the difference was when the network element was installed and
commissioned

b. Check the results of previous measurements if there are any

c. Check that the voltage meter is correctly calibrated

d. Check that the voltage meter is properly connected

e. Measure the voltage difference in each earthing connection

5. If the measurement result is still not within the allowed limits, note this down in the network
element diary

6.2 Cleaning Floppy Disk Unit

The Floppy Disk Unit service interval, the estimated duration of service and the tools needed in
service are shown in the table.

Table: Cleaning the floppy disk unit.

DEVICE All models

SERVICE INTERVAL Yearly

ESTIMATED DURATION 15 - 20 min

TOOLS Cleaning disk and cleaning fluid

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Note
The cleaning fluid to be used is isopropyl alcohol (96%). Other agents, such as carbon
tetrachloride, must not be used.
Steps
1. Moisten the cleaning disk with the cleaning agent

2. Insert the disk into the drive

3. Enter the command IWI

IWI

4. Repeat the command as many times as is required to make the red LED indicator on the
front panel glow for about 30 seconds

5. Remove the cleaning disk from the drive

7 Storage of floppy disks

Always store the disks in the case that comes with them.

 When you remove a disk from the drive, always return it to the case.

 Keep the disks away from magnetic fields and ferromagnetic substances which can become
magnetized. A strong magnetic field will destroy the data on the disks.

 Do not expose the disks to heat or sunshine.

 Do not touch or try to clean the surfaces of a disk. Rubbing may destroy the data on the disk.

 Use 3,5" HD disks only.

6.3 Adjusting the CLOS plug-in unit

Before you start
The CLOS (CLOS — Clock Oscillator) plug-in unit's need of service can be checked when the CLS
unit is in state WO, SP or TE. The actual adjustment is made in state TE.
Note
CLOS-S does not need to be serviced.
You should check that there is no loop in the PCM used as the synchronization source (including
transmission system). The network element used as the synchronization source must not be

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synchronized to the network element you are using. This kind of loop causes the synchronization unit
to slowly adjust towards the end of its adjustment range. In this case the adjustment of CLOS should
not be done.

Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Make sure that the CLOS to be adjusted synchronises with the incoming timing signal

This is confirmed by the following printout of the DRI command:

SYNCHRONIZATION UNIT WORKING MODE: HIERARCHIC
SYNCHRONIZATION

2. Measure oscillator frequency from active CLOS front panel measure point

Measure oscillator frequency from active CLOS front panel measure point if the
following printout is not given:
SYNCHRONIZATION UNIT WORKING MODE: HIERARCHIC
SYNCHRONIZATION
The result should be 16.384 MHz +/- 2.4 Hz. If the frequency cannot be adjusted to
this value with screw, change the oscillator (CLOS) card.

If CLS has been in plesiochronous operation, wrong frequency in the synchronisation

source (2M1...2M4, FS1, FS2) can be the cause of this situation.

If CLOS frequency has been checked successfully, then traps can be monitored from
the synchronisation source. Traps are checked with the MML-command ZYMO:<Et
index> . If trap count increases every 7 minutes or faster, the frequency difference
between the synchronisation source and the network element used is too big. This
problem should be corrected in the transmission system or in a higher level network
element.

3. Printout OSCILLATOR CONTROL MODE generated by the DRI command should indicate
the active synchronisation unit as NORMAL

If oscillator control mode has not changed to normal after one hour of waiting, there is
too much jitter in the synchronisation source. Eliminate the cause of jitter.

4. Check the control word of the unit to be adjusted

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Check the control word (OSCILLATOR CONTROL WORD VALUE) of the unit to be
adjusted. If the control word is 32768 +/- 10000, no adjustment is needed.

5. Set the unit to be adjusted to state TE with the USC command

6. Start the adjustment with the DRO command

7. By turning a screw, adjust the unit towards the direction indicated by a yellow signal light

The light has three degrees of brightness. When the light starts to fade, the
adjustment is slowed down considerably. When both yellow signal lights have gone
out, the adjustment has been correctly performed.

If you have checked that the synchronisation mode is hierarchic and you cannot get
the yellow lights to go out, change the CLOS card.

8. The adjustment is terminated with the DRO command

9. The unit to be adjusted is transferred to normal operation with the USC command

10. Alarm 2638 is generated in connection with adjustments

Alarm 2638 (FAILURE IN BUS BETWEEN SYNCHRONIZATION UNITS) is generated

in connection with adjustments. This is normal because the unit to be calibrated
requires all CPU time available and has no time to respond to neighbouring units.

11. The other CLOS can be adjusted when, after switchover, the active CLS unit indicates:
OSCILLATOR CONTROL MODE : NORMAL

Further information:
Example: Adjusting the CLOS-1

8 Steps
1. Set the CLOS-1 unit to be adjusted to state TE.

ZUSC:CLS,1:TE;

2. Start the adjustment.

ZDRO:CLS,1:C=START;

3. By turning a screw, adjust the unit towards the direction indicated by a yellow signal light.
When both yellow signal lights have gone out, the adjustment has been correctly performed.

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4. Terminate the adjustment.

ZDRO:CLS,1:C=STOP;

5. Transfer the CLOS-1 unit to normal operation (working state SP).

ZUSC:CLS,1:SP;

For more information, see The adjustment of the clock generator .

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

Performing maintenance routines on external equipment

All the other equipment that is not supplied by Nokia and that may have an effect on the performance
of the network element must be regularly tested according to the manufacturer's instructions.

In addition, here are a few general maintenance recommendations for external equipment

For the whole topic summary, see General maintenance overview .

Steps
1. Check at regular intervals that the standby power supplies and their alarm systems are in
working order

2. Service the environmental equipment (fans, air conditioning, etc.) regularly and test the alarm
systems

3. Test the equipment room fire alarm system regularly

4. Note down the results of the tests in the network element diary

Hard disk drive

Hard disk drives need no service.

However, with time there will be read and write errors on the disks due to corrupted blocks. These
blocks can be marked as `bad blocks', that is, unused blocks.

Steps
1. Mark these blocks as `bad blocks', that is, unused blocks (IWB)

For example, to take the block number 1234H out of use:

ZIWB::WB:B,1234;
If there are a lot of bad blocks on a disk, it can be replaced with a new one.

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