Polytechnic University of the Philippines

College of Law
Course Syllabus/Outline in OBLIGATIONS & CONTRACTS
Professor: Atty. Maria Lourdes P. Garcia
Email Address: superlaw31@yahoo.com
FB account name: Maria Lourdes P. Garcia or superlaw31@yahoo.com
Methodology: Recitations/case digest/assignments/quizzes/periodical exams
Grading system:
Recitations/case digest/assignment/quizzes 20%
Mid-term exams 30%
Final Exams 50%
Attendance:
Please be mindful of your attendance. As one session is 3 or 2 hours, your absences is counted by the
hours. Total absence of 10 hours is the allowable limit.

Textbook: Obligations & Contracts by any reputable author/civilist

Conduct of On line classes:

On line classes will conducted thru zoom meetings. However, the course guide/syllabus will be posted
on google classroom. Likewise, answers to assignments and digest of cases should likewise be posted on google
classroom. Follow the guidelines set by the college on digest of cases. Under no circumstances must a student
copy digested cases from the internet.

From time to time, students will be given researches or topics to discuss aside from cases and the
student will therefore discuss his research or topic during the zoom meet.

Quizzes will be announced beforehand.

Each student is advised to have a separate camera apart from his laptop or celfone. During recitations
therefore, the laptop must be closed but the student may rely on his notes not from the laptop or celfone.

Title I. OBLIGATIONS

Chapter 1. General Provisions

I. Concept A. Definition- Art. 1156

- criticism of definition

B. Elements
1. Active Subject
2. Passive Subject
3. Prestation or Object
4. Efficient cause or juridical tie or vinculum juris

C. Distinction Between Natural and Civil Obligations

1. As to enforceability
2. As to basis
II. Sources of Obligations- Art. 1157

I. General Provisions on Obligations

(Distinctions between Natural & Civil Obligations)

1.1 Definition of obligation Art. 1156

1.2 Elements
1.3 Sources of obligations
(a) Law Art. 1158
*Batchelder vs. Central Bank 46 SCRA 102 (1972);
*Nikko Hotel Manila Garden vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 154259
(2005)
*St. Mary’s Academy vs. Carpitanos (2002) GR No. 143363
(b) Contract Art. 1159; 1305
*PSBA, et al. vs. CA, ET AL., GR No. 84698 Feb. 4, 1992
*Regino vs. PCST G.R. No. 156109 (2004)
(c) Acts or omissions punishable by law Art. 1161
*People vs. Malicsi G.R. No. 175833 (2008);
*People vs. Doctolero G.R. No. 131866 (2001)
(d) Quasi-contract Art. 1160; 2142
Metrobank v. Absolute Management Corp, G.R. No. 170498,
January 09, 2013;
Phil Geothermal, Inc. vs. Comm of Internal Revenue GR
154028
JULY 29, 2005
(e) Quasi-delict Art. 1162; 2176
*Safeguard Security vs. Tangco G.R. No. 165732 (2006)
*Calalas vs. Court of Appeals G.R. No. 122039 (2000)
Distinction between quasi-delicts and crimes
Liability for fault of others- Art. 2180; Art. 218, 219 of FC
Civil liability arising from crime- Art. 1161; Rules on
Criminal Procedure (2000), Rule 111
Cases
*Barredo v. Garcia, 73 Phil. 607 (1942)
*Thermochem vs. Naval GR No. 131541
*Picart vs. Smith 37 Phil 813

2. Nature and Effect of Obligations

2.1 Prestations: Kinds of prestations
a. To give
i. Specific thing
 To preserve the thing (Art. 1163)
 To deliver the accessions and accessories (Art. 1166)
 To deliver the fruits (Art. 1164 par 1)
 To deliver the thing itself (Art. 1244)
ii. Generic thing
b. To do (Art. 1244)
c. Not to do (Art. 1244)
Page 03.
2.2 Breach of obligations

2.3 Concept
(a) Delay or mora (Art. 1169)
i. mora solvendi
*Heirs of Bacus vs. CA 371 SCRA 295
Vasquez v. Ayala Corporation GR. No. 149734 Nov. 19, 2004
ii. mora accipiendi
Villaroel vs. Manila Motor Co., Inc., GR NO. L-10394 Dec. 13, 1958
iii. compensation morae
Central Bank v. CA 139 SCRA 46 (1985)
(b) Fraud or dolo (Art. 1171)
Woodhouse v. Halili 93 Phil. 526 (1953)
(c) Negligence (Art. 1172, 1173)
Crisostomo v. CA 409 SCRA 528 (2003)
(d) Contravention of the tenor (Art. 1172)
*Magat vs. Medialdea GR L-37120 April 20, 1983
(e) Fortuitous event
i. Distinguished from force majeure
ii. Kinds of Fortuitous event
iii. Requisites
iv. Rules as to liability in case of fortuitous event
Cases:
*Sicam, et al. vs. Jorge, et al., GR No. 159617, August 8, 2007
Philippine Communications Satellite Corp. vs. Globe Telecom,
Inc.,
GR Nos. 147324; 147334 May 25, 2004
Nakpil and Sons vs. CA L-47851 Oct. 3, 1986
*Juntilla vs. Fontanar, 136 SCRA 624