Display Technologies

Represented By:
Subhajit Das
Display
 A display device is an output device for presentation of
information in visual or tactile form.
 When the input information is supplied as an electrical
signal, the display is called an electronic display.

Types of Display
 Segment Display
 Full-area 2-dimensional
 Three-dimensional
 Mechanical
Segment Display
 Seven-segment display (most common, digits only)
 Fourteen-segment display
 Sixteen-segment display
 LCDs.
7 Segment

7 Segment 4 Digit 7 Segment

7 Segment Structure

7 Segment
14 Segment

14 Segment 4 Digit 14 Segment

16 Segment

16 Segment 4 Digit 16 Segment

LCD Segment Display

LCD Segment Panel

Full-area 2-dimensional

LCD 2D Panel
2D Pixel Array

LCD 2D Panel
3-dimensional
 Swept-volume display

 Holographic display

 Varifocal mirror display

 Emissive volume display

 Laser display

 Light field displays

Swept-volume working
Swept-volume display
Holographic display

Holographic 3D
Holographic display
Underlying Technologies
 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
 Thin Film Transistor (TFT)
 In-Plane Switching (ISP)
 LED-lit LCD
 Light Emitting Diode (LED)

 Plasma

 E-Ink
 LCD display
• LCD utilize two polarizing material sheet with a liquid crystal
solution between them.

• A current through the liquid causes the crystals to align, so that

light cannot pass through them.

• Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to

pass through or blocking the light.

• LCD Uses Cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL) lamps for backlight.

LCD display structure

LCD Display
LCD Colour display (pixel)
 LED Backlit LCD Display
An LED-backlit LCD is a flat panel display which uses LED
backlighting instead of the cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL)
backlighting used by most other LCDs.

• Edge-lit LEDs - in which the LEDs are formed around the rim
of the screen, using a special diffusion panel to spread the
light evenly behind the screen (the most common use).

• LED backlighting (Full array) - behind the screen, whose

brightness is not controlled individually.

• Dynamic “local dimming” backlight - LEDs controlled

individually (or in clusters) to control the level of light/color
intensity in a given part of the screen.
 LED Matrix Display
An LED display is a flat panel display, which uses an array of
light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display.
 OLED
• An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is a light-emitting
diode (LED) in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is
a film of organic compound that emits light in response to an
electric current.

• This layer of organic semiconductor is situated between two

electrodes; typically, at least one of these electrodes is
transparent.

• OLEDs are used television screens, computer monitors,

portable systems such as mobile phones, handheld game
consoles and PDAs.
 OLED Structure

Schematic of a bilayer OLED: 1. Cathode (−), 2. Emissive

Layer, 3. Emission of radiation, 4. Conductive Layer, 5.
Anode (+)
Flexible OLED
 AMOLED
• An AMOLED display consists of an active matrix of OLED
pixels generating light (luminescence) upon electrical
activation that have been deposited or integrated onto a
thin-film transistor (TFT) array, which functions as a series of
switches to control the current flowing to each individual
pixel.
AMOLED Panel
Flexible AMOLED
 Plasma Display
• “Plasma" displays because they use small cells containing
electrically charged ionized gases, which are plasmas.
 E-Ink display

E-Ink Screen Kindle Screen (Zoomed)

E-Ink display Working
Conclusion
 Displays are becoming slimmer and more portable

 Holography and flexible displays are expected to set

future.

 Virtual reality will be a feasible option.

Thank
You