Geology Name: __Gilbert Puga__

Homework 7- Igneous Rocks and Volcanoes

Complete your responses in a color other than black or red.

Tasks

1. While watching the video, complete the flow chart: You will need to use the draw function or insert
text boxes to fill in the chart

2. Define the following key terms:

o Volcanic: Reference to the varying degrees of volcano activity which is not always violent
and explosive.

o Extrusive: This alludes to the solidification of molten rock at the surface of earth.

o Intrusive: This alludes to the crystallization process of rock within the earth’s surface

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 Homework 7- Igneous Rocks and Volcanoes
o Magma: Completely or partially molten rock underground in a liquid, solid, and gaseous
forms.

o Lava: When liquid magma reaches the surface it becomes lava.

o Viscosity:This is the component that determines magma’s mobility dependent upon the
silicate content which allows for a runny liquid flow (low viscosity) that travels long distances, and a
highly viscous flow which is short and thick in its flow.

o Plutons: Blob like intrusions (magma chambers) ranging in size from meters to kilometers

o Plutonic:The type of igneous rock that cools and solidifies that never reaches the surface as a
result of pluton intrusions.

o Phenocryst: The larger crystals of a porphyritic igneous rock texture.

o Texture: The size and shape and distribution of the particles that collectively constitute a rock.

o Phaneritic (texture): Igneous rock textures where crystals are equal in size and able to be
identified without the aid of a microscope due to their large size.

o Aphanitic (texture): Igneous rock textures where the crystals are too small to be identified
without a microscope.

o Porphyritic: Igneous rock texture that is characterized by two distinct sizes of crystals:
phenocrysts and groundmass.

o Felsic: A compositional group of igneous rocks composed mostly of light colored silicates

o Mafic: A compositional group of igneous rocks composed mostly of dark silicate minerals and
calcium rich feldspar.

o Intermediate: A compositional group of igneous rocks that contains at least 25% dark silicate
minerals, and the other portion as plagioclase feldspar.

o Igneous (rocks):

 Peridotite: Igneous rock that is ultramafic located mostly in the upper mantle

 Basalt: A fine grained mafic igneous rock.

 Gabbro: A dark silicate intrusive igneous rock mostly located in the oceanic crust

 Diorite: A coarse grained intrusive rock made of plagioclase feldspar and amphibole
minerals.

 Andesite: A gray fine grained rock of volcanic origin with a porphyritic texture.

 Granite: Abundant coarse grained rock composed of about 10-20% quartz and 50%
potassium feldspar
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 Homework 7- Igneous Rocks and Volcanoes
 Rhyolite: Fine grained equivalent of granite composed of light colored silicates.

 Obsidian: A volcanic glass of felsic composition

3. What is the difference between lava and magma?

Lava refers to the molten magma that breaches the earth’s surface.