PHILOSOPHY 

-The word philosophy comes from the​ Greek philo (love) 

and ​sophia (wisdom)​ and so is literally defined as “the love of wisdom” 

-study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about reason, existence, 
knowledge, values, mind, and language. 

Philosophical Perspective 

- Are worldviews which try to define the nature of life, the world, and the ​relationship of 
individuals to the world and its part. 

Perspective 

-way of looking at a situation or fact based on true relation or relative importance. 

​ artial point of view  

P

- way of assessing a situation using a particular point of view based on personal beliefs and 
experiences. 

Holistic perspective 

-way of assessing a situation using all angels possible and weighing each perspective for the 
best answer 

​Holistic Perspective VS Partial Point of view 

Partial Point of view Holistic Perspective

​Pro​s:  ​Pros: 

• make faster decisions  • give deeper understanding, of a situation 

• Give a specific set of guidelines for everyday life  • Evaluates beliefs and principles thoroughly 

Cons:  Cons:

• Limited understanding of other perspective   •Takes time and efforts for a person 

• Possible bias & prejudices •Being critical to all perspectives before 

reaching a consensus 

DELIBERATE REFLECTION 

-IS THE CONSCIOUS AND INTENTIONAL REFLECTION OF THE RELATIONSHIPS OF OUR 

THOUGHTS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS TO OUR SURROUNDINGS 

DELIBERATE REFLECTION: DESCARTES 

René Descartes​ ​– (1596-1650) ​FATHER OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY​ (SOCRATES,THALES) 

◦ ​ OUBT​ – DESCARTES USED THE PROCESS OF DOUBTING IN ORDER TO REACH FOR THE 
D
ONLY THING THAT HE ​CANNOT DOUBT ​ANYMORE, WHICH IS THE ​ABILITY TO OF 
THINKING 

◦ COGITO ERGO SUM- I THINK, THEREFORE I AM 

  
IN THE PROCESS, ​DESCARTES​ ATTEMPTED WHICH AMONG HIS PREVIOUSLY HELD BELIEFS 
ARE TRUE, THUS, HE ​DOUBTED HIS SENSES​ AND THE POSSIBILITY OF A GOOD GOD, 
HOWEVER, HE WAS ABLE TO DISCOVER THAT ​HE CANNOT DOUBT HIS ABILITY TO 
THINK. ​FROM THERE, HE WAS ABLE TO DEMONSTRATE GOD’S EXISTENCE AND 
THEN REBUILD HIS ENTIRE BELIEF SYSTEM 

​ REATEST GREEK PHILOSOPHERS 

SOCRATES​ ( 470-399 B.C) G

HE ​LEFT NO WRITTEN ACCOUNTS ​OF HIS TEACHINGS.  

HE WAS ALSO ​EXECUTED ​FOR ENGAGING THE YOUTHS IN AN​ INTELLECTUAL DISCOURSE 

SOCRATIC METHOD​ – INVOLVED A ​CONTINUOUS PATTERN OF ASKING QUESTIONS​ UNTIL 

A CONTRADICTION OR​ FLAW IS FOUND, 

​ ISTINGUISH MISTAKEN BELIEFS FROM THE TRUTH. 

ITS PURPOSE IS TO D

​SIDDHARTA GAUTAMA​ IS BETTER KNOWN AS ​BUDDHA​- ​ESTABLISHED​ BUDDHISM​ IN 5​TH 

CENTURY WHICH IS NOW ONE OF THE ​BIGGEST RELIGIONS IN THE WORLD 

◦ HE HAD TO GO THROUGH A LONG DELIBERATE REFLECTION. 

◦ THROUGH MEDITATION AND DELIBERATE REFLECTION, HE WAS ABLE TO UNDERSTAND 

THE RELATIONSHIP OF MAN TO HIS SURROUNDINGS 

◦ HE UNDERSTOOD HOW HUMAN ARE RELATED TO HIS SURROUNDINGS, ESPECIALLY TO 

ANIMALS, WHICH IS EVIDENT IN HIS TEACHINGS ABOUT ​REINCARNATION. 

◦ MOREOVER, THROUGH A DELIBERATE REFLECTION OF HUMAN ACTIONS, HE REALIZED 

THAT​ THE PURPOSE OF MAN IS TO END SUFFERINGS IN THIS WORLD AND REACH 
NIRVANA. 

DELIBERATE REFLECTION 

TEACHING 

◦ ONE WILL BE ABLE TO TEACH AN IDEA WITH FULL CONFIDENT 

DECISIONG MAKING 
◦ HELP A PERSON IN WEIGHING OPTIONS COMPREHENSIVELY BEFORE CHOOSING THE 
BEST OPTION HE OR SHE HAS. 

WRITING 

◦ WHETHER IT BE FICTION OR NON-FICTION, WRITERS HAVE TO DELIBERATELY REFLECT 

ON THE PLOTS OR STORIES THEY PUT INTO WORDS. 

ART 

◦ A PERSON UNDERGOES DELIBERATE REFLECTION TO COME UP WITH AN ARTWORK 

THAT REFLECTS HIS OR HER THOUGHTS, EMOTIONS AND IDEAS. 

STUDYING 

◦ LET HIM OR HER UNDERSTAND THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE IDEAS S/HE STUDIES TO HIS 
OR HER LIFE AND SURROUNDINGS 

IMPROVISATION 

◦ Sometimes, a person can be given a task or assignment which he or she did not learn at 
school. Improvisation can be done through observation and deliberately reflecting 
how previous learning experiences can be applied to the given task. 

ALTHOUGH THE GIVEN HUMAN ACTIVITIES EARLIER DO NOT REQUIRE DELIBERATE 

REFLECTION AS DEEP AS PHILOSOPHERS DO BUT THEY SHOW THAT DELIBERATE 
REFLECTION IS BENEFICIAL EVEN IN OUR DAILY LIFE, EXPERIENCES AND 
SURROUNDINGS TO HELP US MOLD OUR BELIEFS AND THE DECISIONS WE MAKE.