St.

Paul University Philippines

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

REFLECTION PAPER

Presented to:
Ma. Leodevina C. Batugal, Ph.D
Faculty of the Graduate School
St. Paul University Philippines

________________________

In Partial Fulfilment
For the Course Requirements in
Pauline Ethics

_________________________

Presented By:
CHUMAIRA ANINDAYUDINA
Master of Science in Nursing Major in
Adult Health
st
(1 Trimester 2020-2021)
Tuguegarao 
 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

NAME:Chumaira Anindayudina

Program of Study (Course and Major):

MSN major in Adult Health

Place of Work:-

Philippine Address:-

Describe yourself here:

My name is Chumaira Anindayudina but you can call me Ninda to

make it simple. I’m the first child of two siblings. I’m a
moslem. I haven’t worked now officialy, I just doing like home
care when people need my job to treating patients at home. I’m
a good listener. I always smile to other people. I’m the
person who enjoyed meeting new people and maintaining a lot of
relationships and love trying a new thing but also I enjoyed
doing everything by myself. I’m your typical could be
extrovert and introvert depends on the situation which has
really helped me in my life and could be in my career later.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

MODULE NO.1:

Question No. 1:
In reference to Paul’s teachings, what is his view of the
following: (1-2 pages, single space for all 3 items below)
1. Human Life and Death;
“For to me, living is Christ and dying is gain”
(Philippians 1:21)

Paul has the privilege of walking in the earthly

footsteps of his Lord. He, like Christ, is commited to
preaching the good news of the gospel. He, like Christ,
gives up his life sacrificially in service to others. Paul
is joyful, in the midst of his troubles, because in the
course of his suffering for Christ, he enters into a deeper
level of intimacy with him an to die is to leave behind the
suffering and groaning of this life and the rejection and
persecution of unbelievers, and to immediately enter the
presence of God, where sorrow, sadness, sickness, and tears
do not exist.

2. Our mortal body;

Paul teaching says about mortal bodies are these
temporary, dying bodies must put on what is imperishable or
deathless. These earth-bound, sin-corrupted, mortal bodies
must put on immortality in order to exist in eternity with
God. Therefore, God can and will transform them.

“And if the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the

dead is living in you, he who raised Christ from the dead
will also give life to your mortal bodies through his
Spirit, who lives in you”. (Romans 8:11)

The redemption of the mortal body, which is equivalent

to being clothed with eternal life when we are raised from
the dead, should be the focus of Christian preaching.
“Should not perish but have everlasting life” this refers
to bodily immortality.

3. God/Supreme Being
Paul teaching about God/Supreme beiing are also means
without a God, there is no reason for men to deny himself
evil but pleasurable acts if there were no final judge to
dispense justice. When one speaks of mortality or the
goodness or badness of human acts, one idea is presupposed
retribution and also the good acts deserve rewards, bad
acts and punishment.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

Question No. 2:
Paul wrote to certain communities and individual persons.
Among the 6 major themes in Paul’s letters, can you choose 2
and explain each of them comprehensively? For this item,
please refer to Powerpoint presentation (Reading 2) on The
Letters of Paul.

Answers:
There are major themes in Paul’s letters. That themes are
the new life of believers is a gift of God and salvation is by
grace through faith that we can hold on to in life.

“For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith-

and this is not from yourselves, it is a gift of God – not by
works, so that no one can boast’ (Ephesians 2:8-9)

If we are saved by grace, this means that it is not

because we are good or deserving; rather, it is because God is
good and gracious. In order to be saved, there is a necessary
human response to God’s grace. The response is not trying to
be “good enough” to be saved. The response is simply trusting
(having faith in) God to save on the basis of Christ’s
goodness. Furthermore, we must understand that faith is not a
good work in itself that God rewards. Faith is simply casting
our unworthy selves on the mercy of a kind and forgiving and
gracious God without the work of God in our lives, we could
not even believe the gospel in order to be saved.

We could learn from these themes that we have to trust

God in our life, we could saved or lives from everything
because of God and also that is a gift from God as belivers in
the new life as believers.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

MODULE NO.3:

Question No. 1:
The first Sisters who set foot on the Philippine soil in
Dumaguete lived the example of the “grain of wheat” that
continues to produce generations of Paulinians throughout the
country and of the world, who give witness to the reality
that: “THE PAULINIAN IS FOR OTHERS.” What does being
“Paulinian for others” mean?

Answers:
The Paulinian is for the others are St. Paul’s teaching
and learning opened to everyone and can be learned by
everyone. This Bible (Yohanes 12:24) is similar as Paulinian.
Paulinian is never die, because Paulinian always produce many
generations of new Paulinian. According to Yohanes 12:24
"Indeed, unless a grain of wheat does not fall into the ground
and dies, it remains just a single grain; but if it dies, it
produces much fruit".

Seeds of wheat if stored in the barn, it remains the

number does not increased. However, if the grain was prepared
to be the seeds, the seed will be sown, covered or buried by
soil. If only a grain of wheat that can choose. The seeds did
not want to "die" and buried in the ground, there would be no
shoots that grow and produce good fruit. Seeds that do not
have experience behind the cold damp ground or challenge the
blazing sun. His life just for himself and see the future will
never be sustainable life.

Just as my experienced now, when I chose to continue my

studies at St. Paul University Philippines. I am pleased and
happy to have the opportunity to continue my studies here.
However, there are sacrifices that must I go through to become
a better person and useful for the others, especially for my
family, my friend and delay to work. But, I believe that one
day what I am living right now will certainly produce better
results for the future, as well as the philosophy of great of
wheat.

Question No. 2:
The nature and value of the “grain of wheat” is found in
its falling, and in its bearing fruit. The vocation of every
Paulinian is anchored along this line.” Please explain.

Answers:
"Indeed, unless a grain of wheat does not fall into the
ground and dies, it remains just a single grain; but if it
dies, it produces much fruit" (Yohanes 12:24).

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

This word applies for us as a Paulinians. We have God in

our life, so we are the many grains of wheat. Yet we are
unable to multiply, unable to bear much fruit, and unable to
produce many grains because we have not feel through the
death. Many of us are very stable, steady, and whole. Many
times, however, our stability, steadiness, and wholeness are
our problem. For example, although we may have been saved for
years, we may not have any scars, conciousness or any evidence
of the work of God on us, and our being may still be intact,
whole, steady, and unchanged.

The only difference may be that before we were saved, we

were wild, careless, and misbehaving. After being saved,
however, we are no longer wild and careless but rather well
more behaved. This is merely a change in behavior but it
really affects our lives after experiencing mistakes who we
made before.
Many values that we can learn about the grain of wheat
philosophy. The first values are sacrifice. Sacrifice is the
surrender of something for the sake of helping another person.
One of sacrifice meanings is your sacrifice will win graces
for many! Allah living among His people in the Blessed
Sacrament. He comes to bring so many graces and blessings, and
yet so few come to receive them. From what I learned
sacrifices will gain many graces for those who are far from
Allah and bring them back to him in the Blessed Sacramentand
can lead us to the right way.

Question No. 3:
As a professional and in your personal life, how does your
reflection about St. Paul’s life and teachings bring you
closer to Christ, the Risen Lord!

Answers:
St. Paul life and teachings have 13 letters that called
the letters of Paul. "Love is patient; love is kind; he was
not jealous. He does not boast and is not proud. He did not do
that is not polite and does not seek its own. Is not provoked,
does not keep the mistakes of others. He does not rejoice in
wrongdoing, but rejoices in the truth. It bears all things,
believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.
Love never fails.." (1 Corinthians 13: 4-8a)
In my life, love give me so much meaning. With love, my
family can be walk with a harmonious and mutually understand
with each other just like with my friend. Before deciding to
continue my studies, the hardest part is to think that I
deserve to take this opportunity especially from my father who
finance my studies. But with the love and understanding, I can
got this opportunity now. In addition, there is always a
solution to every problem.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

As a professional, when I chose to continue my studies,

then I must acknowledge the consequences that I have to delay
what I have to achieve to find a job. With love, I believe
that what I chose is the best for my future.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

MODULE NO.4:
Question No. 1:
Research and discuss one model of decision-making which you
think is best for you.

Answers:
Decision making is the study of identifying and choosing
alternatives based on the values and preferences of the
decision maker. According to Baker et al. (2002), decision
making should start with the identification of the decision
maker(s) and stakeholder(s) in the decision, reducing the
possible disagreement about problem definition, requirements,
goals and criteria.

As nurses become more experienced as care providers, the

process of clinical decision-making becomes easier and more
manageable and the forms of decision-making become
increasingly intricate. There are three models of clinical
decision making; the information processing, the intuitive-
humanist model, and O’Neill’s clinical decision-making model.
For me the second model is best about the intuitive-humanist
is focus in intuition and the relationship between nursing
experience, the knowledge gained from it and how it enriches
the clinical decision making process as the nurse progresses
along the professional trajectory, because it can implemented
in nursing practices. In emergency cases, nurses are expected
to quickly and immediately make a decision. However, the
nurses also had to ask for input from various parties,
especially the family of clients.

Question No. 2:
To be answered by Non-Nurses: Discuss the stand of the
Catholic Church regarding the following issues
A. Abortion
B. Euthanasia
C. In-Vitro Fertilization

Answers:
A. Abortion
The Roman Catholic Church has consistently condemned
abortion, the direct and purposeful taking of the life of
the unborn child. In principle, Catholic Christians believe
that all life is sacred from conception until natural death,
and the taking of innocent human life, whether born or
unborn, is morally wrong (Sauders, 2016). Human life must be
respected and protected absolutely from the moment of
conception. From the first moment of his existence, a human
being must be recognized as having the rights of a person -
among which is the inviolable right of every innocent being
to life. God alone is the Lord of life from its beginning

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

until its end: no one can under any circumstance claim for
himself the right directly to destroy an innocent human
being" ("Donum vitae," 5).
Since the first century the Church has affirmed the
moral evil of every procured abortion. This teaching has not
changed and remains unchangeable. Direct abortion, that is
to say, abortion willed either as an end or a means, is
gravely contrary to the moral law: 1) You shall not kill the
embryo by abortion and shall not cause the newborn to
perish, 2) God, the Lord of life, has entrusted to men the
noble mission of safeguarding life, and men must carry it
out in a manner worthy of themselves.

B. Euthanasia
The Church believes that no one needs or ought to
suffer a long, painful death, and that the sick must be
treated and the dying must be comforted. Sick or handicapped
persons should be helped to lead lives as normal as
possible. Whatever its motives and means, direct euthanasia
consists in putting an end to the lives of handicapped,
sick, or dying persons. The dying and those suffering
enormous pain from disease or injury or can and should have
as much painkiller medication as they can tolerate, as long
as the medication is not the cause of death.

Discontinuing medical procedures that are burdensome,

dangerous, extraordinary, or disproportionate to the
expected outcome can be legitimate; it is the refusal of
treatment. Here one does not will to cause death; one's
inability to impede it is merely accepted. The decisions
should be made by the patient if he is competent and able
or, if not, by those legally entitled to act for the
patient, whose reasonable will and legitimate interests must
always be respected. Even if death is thought imminent, the
ordinary care owed to a sick person cannot be legitimately
interrupted. The use of painkillers to alleviate the
sufferings of the dying, even at the risk of shortening
their days, can be morally in conformity with human dignity
if death is not willed as either an end or a means, but only
foreseen and tolerated as inevitable Palliative care is a
special form of disinterested charity. As such it should be
encouraged.

C. In-Vitro Fertilization
Catholic teaching prohibits in vitro fertilization
(IVF), maintaining that a child has the right to be
conceived in the marital embrace of his parents. Human
sexuality has two components, the unitive and procreative;
IVF separates these components and makes the procreative its

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

only goal. Pope Paul VI said that there is an “inseparable

connection, willed by God, and unable to be broken by man on
his own initiative, between the two meanings of the conjugal
act: the unitive meaning and the procreative meaning.”

There are other issues involved. IVF makes the child a

commodity produced in a laboratory, and makes doctors,
technicians, and even business people part of the conception
process. The sperm used is usually obtained by masturbation,
which the Church teaches is immoral. The sperm or eggs used
may not come from the couple desiring the child; because one
of the spouses may be infertile, it may be necessary to use
the sperm or eggs from an outsider. Most of the embryos
conceived—which the Church holds should be respected new
human lives—die, are frozen indefinitely for later
implantation, are used for research, or are discarded.
Children conceived through IVF also have a greater incidence
of birth defects (Graves, 2016).

Question No. 3:
To be answered by Nurses: After reading Evangelium Vitae, as a
Health Care Provider what is now your personal stand regarding
each of the 3 issues above (refer to item no.2)?

Answers:
According to Evangelium Vitae (Paul II, 1995), human life
is thus given a sacred and inviolable character, which
reflects the inviolability of the Creator himself. Saint Paul
emphasizes that "the commandment you shall not kill and any
other commandment, are summed up in this phrase: 'You shall
love your neighbour as yourself' " (Rom 13:9; cf. Gal 5:14).

In nursing sciences, we called ethical dilemma. A dilemma

is a situation requiring a choice between what seem to be two
equally desirable or undesirable alternatives (Mushlin, 2010).
That condition makes nurses in the difficulty situation.
Abortion, euthanasia, and in-vitro fertilization are examples
of ethical dilemmas, which can be viewed from two different
viewpoints.

a. Abortion
In spiritual viewpoints, killing one life is
tantamount to killing all people. Save one life is
tantamount to save everyone. Every fetus is formed is the
will of Allah. Not kill the child simply for fear of
poverty. As a servant of God, all gifts of Allah rightly we
are grateful.

In a professional viewpoint, a woman is allowed to

abort if it would threaten the existence of the content of

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

his life, even if it means killing her fetus. Indeed, an

abortion is something that is forbidden. Similarly, the
loss of life of the mother if it retains its contents are
also less precise. But when abort fetuses that have fewer
negative effects than taking the life of his mother, or let
the mother's life is threatened by the presence of the
fetus, then abortion is recommended.

b. Euthanasia
Human rights are always associated with the right to
life, peace and others. But not stated clearly the right
person to die. Dying seems precisely linked to human rights
violations. This is evident from the legal aspects of
euthanasia, which tends to blame the medical providers in
euthanasia. I believe that the patience and fortitude to
pain and suffering greatly appreciated and get a great
reward from Allah. The person who wants euthanasia,
although painfully even sometimes dying, can be categorized
in despair, and despair are not pleasing to Allah.

Medical knowledge can estimate the likely success of

medical action efforts to achieve a cure or reduction of
the suffering of patients. If medical science is almost no
possibility to get relief or reduction of suffering, one
way could be to euthanasia. Of course, with the consent of
the family. But we must be remembered is that everyone has
respect for life and only Allah has the right to take away
our lives.

c. In-Vitro Fertilization
IVF is the last option for those who want to get
offspring but to date has received no pregnancy. According
to my opinion, a law was outlined regarding IVF is very
clear and in accordance with our logic. Just imagine, if
the child resulting from IVF are derived from the sperm and
ovum couples who are not legitimate, common sense also it
is included into adultery, therefore it should not be done.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

Banning, M. (2007). A review of clinical decision-making:

models and current research. J. Clinical Nursing. doi:
10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01791.x

Baker, D., Bridges, D., Hunter, R., Johnson, G., Krupa, J.,
Murphy, J. and Sorenson, K. (2002) Guidebook to Decision-
Making Methods, WSRC-IM-2002-00002, Department of Energy,
USA. http://emi-web.inel.gov/Nissmg/Guidebook_2002.pdf.

Canadian Nurses Association. (2012). Staff Mix Decision-making

Framework for Quality Nursing Care. Ottawa, Canadian
Nurses Association.

Fülöp, J. (2002). Introduction to Decision Making Methods.

Retrieved on Sept 08, 2016 from
https://www.google.co.id/?
gws_rd=ssl#q=decision+making+models+pdf.

Graves, J. Church Teaching on in Vitro Fertilization.

Retrieved on Sept 09, 2016 from
http://www.catholicworldreport.com/Item/1774/church_teach
ing_on_in_vitro_fertilization.aspx.

http://www.dummies.com/religion/christianity/catholicism/the-
catholic-church-and-euthanasia/. The Catholic Church and
Euthanasia. Retrieved on Sept 09, 2016.

http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s2c2
a6.htm. Catechism of the Catholic Church. Retrieved on
Sept 09, 2016.

http://www.wor.org/book/3739/the-mortal-body

https://www.avemariapress.com/.../sacredscripture-PowerPoint-
2B.ppt Sacred Scripture: A Catholic Study of God's Word.
Letters Attributed to Paul; St. Paul: The Source of the
New Testament Letters; The Thirteen New Testament ...

http://www.bibleref.com

Mushlin S.B. & Greene H.L. (2010). Decision Making in

Medicine: An Algorithmic Approach. Third Edition.
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O’Neill, E.S., Dluhy, N.C. & Chun, E. (2005). Modelling novice

clinical reasoning for a computerised decision support
system. J. Advanced Nursing, 49, 1: 68-77.

Paul II, J. (1995). Evangelium Vitae. Retrieved on Sept 08,

2016 from http://www.catholic-pages.com/documents/.

INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics

 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500

Sauders, FW. (2016). The Catholic Church and Abortion.

Retrieved on Sept 09, 2016 from
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INS 201 – Pauline Ethics with Bioethics