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Electric Fields
Outline
Field
23.1 Properties of Electric Charges
Charge is quantized.
Types of Materials:
k 9 109 Nm 2 /C2
1 12 C2
k where 0 8.85 10
4 0 Nm 2
0 is the permittivity of free space
Properties of the electric force:
Point Charge:
e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
23.3 Coulomb’s Law
Vector Nature of Electric Forces:
kq1q 2
F12 2
rˆ21
r21
The force F21 exerted by q2 on q1 is equal in
magnitude and opposite in direction to the force
F12 exerted by q1 on q2.
1- FAB = –3FBA
2- FAB = –FBA
3- 3FAB = –FBA
4- FAB = 3FBA
5-
6-
FAB = FBA
3FAB = FBA a
II
23.3 Coulomb’s Law
Example (1) Chapter 23 :
Sol
or 04M 93
oh
92
6 15
2 1
3m
f es kl9 3
r2 oh
a lo9 2xlE91C5x1o
5.6 159 w
c4,2
Fox E3 cos 0
5.6 159 cos Iso S 6 159 N
Fz
Klotilter
8 N
1592
9 10916159115 1 o 8 10
is o
I
f 13 x Fiz cos
Y component
Fy Fist G34
6.46 159 o 6.46 159N
i Fez e 523 0
Tito
3 f
kia.fi y k
f
15 6
L U2
15N 24 24N 6N
9N 24 N 24 o
N o 774 in
jj.y.by
d'd
Nz 3.44 m
dU i d is correct
23.4 The Electric Field
An electric field is said to exist in the region of space around a
charged object (the source charge). When another charged object
(the test charge) enters this electric field, an electric force acts on
it.
The test charge serves as a detector of the electric field.
- If q is positive, the force and the field are in the same direction.
- If q is negative, the force and the field are in opposite directions.
1- is unaffected
2- reverses direction
3- changes in a way that cannot
be determined
23.4 The Electric Field
Example 23.5 Page 718
9 10917
f Kf 152 3.9 ios Nyc
a 412
L fin E case
3.9 105 cos 90 0
fly E sin 0
3.9 15 sin 90 3.9 18 Mc
f kg
c9 l 5 l
1.8 105
o 5,2
Fax
1.8
Ez cos 0
15 cos 53.1
0
TW
tah lfo.IJ 53
1 08 105
Ey Ez sing
I 8 105 sin 53.1 1.4 105
X comp Fa Eiu E ex
1.08 15 0 1.08 15 Mc
66.6
23.6 Electric Field Lines
Used for visualizing electric field patterns.
The electric field vector E is tangent to the electric field lines at
each point.
E is large when the field lines are close together and small when
the lines are far apart
23.6 Electric Field Lines
23.6 Electric Field Lines
23.6 Electric Field Lines
B C
in this figure (greatest magnitude first).
A
23.7 Motion of Charged Particles in a
Uniform Electric Field
When a charged particle is placed in an electric field, it
experiences an electrical force.
If this is the only force on the particle, it must be the net force and
causes the particle to accelerate according to Newton’s second
law.
s f Fsb 3
i
II 29
a 9
Vf GET
KE Kamui IE au
23.7 Motion of Charged Particles in a
Uniform Electric Field
direction
23.7 Motion of Charged Particles in a
Uniform Electric Field
Example 23.11 Page 727: An Accelerated Electron
El