L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

Paper 1: Physical and Inorganic

Chemistry
(Time allowed: 40 minutes, 40 marks)

1 Which ion has the greatest polarising power?

   A    Cl–

   B    Mg2+

   C    Na+

   D    S2–
(1)

2 Which process explains the flame colour produced by the compounds of Group 1
elements?

   A    absorption of visible light energy as electrons are promoted to higher energy levels

   B    absorption of visible light energy as electrons are removed from gaseous atoms

   C    emission of visible light energy as electrons return to lower energy levels

   D    emission of visible light energy as electrons are added to gaseous ions

(1)

 3 What are the shapes of the AlCl3 and PH3 molecules?

(1)

4
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

(b) Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, is a white solid used as an additive in foods.

(i) Explain, in terms of energy changes, why magnesium carbonate is insoluble in water.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) The Hess cycle and data to calculate the enthalpy change for the thermal
decomposition of MgCO3 are shown.

Mg(s) + C(s) + 1½O2(g) MgCO3(s)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

MgO(s) + CO2(g)

Compound f H / kJ mol–1
CO2(g) −394
MgO(s) −602
MgCO3(s) −1096

Calculate the enthalpy change for the thermal decomposition of MgCO3 .

(2) DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

16
* P6 1 4 7 5 A0 1 6 2 8 *
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

(iii) Explain the trend in thermal stability of Group 2 carbonates.

(4)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 20 = 13 marks)

(Total for Question 4 = 8 marks)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

17
* P6 1 4 7 5 A0 1 7 2 8 * Turn over
 SECTION B
L6th September Test 2020 (V2)
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
13
5 This question is about three chlorine compounds: BCl3, NCl3 and Cl2O7.
(a) For BCl3, give the shape of the molecule and give the ClBCl bond angle.
(2)

Shape ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ...

Bond angle ......................................................................................................

*(b) For the NCl3 molecule, draw the shape you would expect, and suggest the ClNCl
bond angle. Explain why the molecule has this shape and bond angle.
(4)
Shape

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
Bond angle ......................................................................................................

Explanation ............................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(c) (i) What is the oxidation number of chlorine in Cl2O7?

(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

10
* P4 6 6 5 9 A0 1 0 2 4 *
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

(ii) One oxygen atom bonds to both chlorine atoms in Cl2O7. Suggest a displayed
formula for Cl2O7.
(1)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(iii) Water reacts with Cl2O7 to form a single product. Suggest the equation for this
reaction. State symbols are not required.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(1)

(Total (Total for Question

for Question 5 = 9 marks)
13 = 9 marks)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

11
* P4 6 6 5 9 A0 1 1 2 4 * Turn over
 SECTION C
L6th September Test 2020 (V2)
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

24
6 Nitrosyl chloride, NOCl, is a yellow gas which decomposes on heating.
2NOCl(g) 2NO(g) + Cl2(g)
(a) A sample of 2.00 mol of NOCl was heated in a sealed vessel to a certain temperature, T.
The volume of the vessel was 5.00 dm 3. When equilibrium was reached, 0.220 mol of NO
had been formed.
(i) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant, Kc, for this reaction.
(1)

*(ii) Calculate the value of Kc under these conditions. Include units in your answer.
(4)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

+90.2 210.7

0.0

21
* P4 8 3 7 2 RA0 2 1 2 8 * Turn over
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

*(iii) The volume of the vessel containing the equilibrium mixture in (a) was
doubled to 10 dm 3, keeping the temperature constant.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

State the effect of this change in volume on the value of Kc and on the
number of moles of NO at equilibrium. A calculation is not required but justify
your answers.
(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(b) (i) Some data about nitrosyl chloride is given in the table.

Complete the table with the data for nitrogen(II) oxide and chlorine, using the
Data Booklet where appropriate.
(2)

Standard enthalpy change Standard molar entropy,

Substance of formation, Hf 298 S298
/ kJ mol–1 / J mol–1 K–1
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
NOCl(g) +51.7 261.7

NO(g)

Cl2(g) 165.0

22
* P4 8 3 7 2 RA0 2 2 2 8 *
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

(ii) Calculate the standard enthalpy change of the reaction, H , at 298 K.

2NOCl(g) 2NO(g) + Cl2(g)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(2)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(iii) Use your answer to (b)(ii) to explain why Stotal becomes less negative as
temperature increases.
(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(iv) Give the expression relating the equilibrium constant to the total entropy
change and hence explain how the equilibrium constant changes as the
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

temperature increases.
(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

23
* P4 8 3 7 2 RA0 2 3 2 8 * Turn over
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

(c) (i) The standard molar entropies of the substances, S , in the reaction are given
at 800 K.

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

Standard molar entropy, S 800
Substance
/ J mol–1 K–1
NOCl(g) 305.5
NO(g) 231.2
Cl2(g) 189.3

Explain why the value for the standard molar entropy of all these substances is
greater at 800 K than at 298 K.
(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) Calculate the standard entropy change of the system, S system , at 800 K.

Include a sign and units with your answer.

(2)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

24
* P4 8 3 7 2 RA0 2 4 2 8 *
 L6th September Test 2020 (V2)

(iii) The standard enthalpy change of the reaction, H at 800 K is +53.2 kJ mol–1.
Show by calculation whether or not the reaction is thermodynamically
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

spontaneous at 800 K.
(3)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

(T(Total
otal forfor Question
Question 24 =622
= marks)
20 marks)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

TOTAL FOR SECTION C = 22 MARKS

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 90 MARKS

25
* P4 8 3 7 2 RA0 2 5 2 8 *