Barrier FAMILY PLANNING

Family Planning is frequently used to mean that a couple plans when to have
children, how to limit the number of children they have and/or to control the timing of
CONDOMS
pregnancy also known as wide spacing of births.
MALE CONDOMS:
 A sheath made of thin latex, rubber, polyutherine, plastic or animal tissue that
covers a man’s penis. OUR LADY OF FATIMA Vasectomy
 Prevents sperm from reaching the egg.
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
Most effective when used with spermicide.
86%-97% effective when used alone.
UNIVERSITY  A simple operation designed to make a man sterile, or unable to father a
child.
 99% effective when used with contraceptive foam, contraceptive sponge, or film.
FEMALE CONDOMS:
College of Arts and  Used as means of contraception in many parts of the world.

 A pouch made of polyutherine that is inserted into the vagina. Sciences 
Involves blocking of the tubes trough which sperm pass into the semen.
Sperm are produced in a man’s testis and stored in an adjacent structure
 Prevents from reaching the egg.
 77% effective in preventing pregnancy. Health Care Department 
known as the epididymis.
During sexual climax, the sperm move from the epididymis through a
tube called the vas deferens and mix with other components of semen to
CERVICAL CAP
form the ejaculate.
 All vasectomy techniques involve cutting or otherwise blocking both the
 A thimble-shaped latex cap, approximately 2 inches long and 1 to 1 ½ inch in
left and right vas deferens, so the man’s ejaculated will no longer contain
diameter.
sperm, and he will not be able to make a woman pregnant.
 You put spermicide in the cap and then you put the cap in your vagina to cover
your cervix for 6 hours after sex, but can be left in place for up to 48 hours.
 82% - 94% effective.

CONTRACEPTIVE FOAM

 A white cream that is the consistency of shaving cream and contains nonoxynol-9,
which will kill sperm.
 You insert it to the woman’s vagina no more than 30 minutes before you have sex.
 74%- 94% effective.
 99% effective when used with condoms.

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE

 Also called The Coil.

 A small piece of plastic a clinician puts in your uterus.
 May have copper hormones attached to it.
 Makes hard for the sperm to swim through the uterus to reach the egg and it may
prevent a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus.
 97%-99% effective.

DIAPHRAGM Tubal Ligation

 A shallow latex cup for which your clinician will fit you.
 You put spermicidal jelly or cream in the Diaphragm and then you put the  Commonly called TL.
Diaphragm in your vagina.  The idea behind TL is that the tubes become obstructed so that sperm
 Preventing pregnancy by keeping sperm from entering the cervix and traveling to cannot reach the egg and fertilize it.
the egg.  Each month, a tiny egg is released and travels as far as it can down the
 Must be used every time you have sex and leave it in for 6-8hrs after sex. tube. Once it reaches the obstruction, it simply remains there until it is
 82%-94% effective. absorbed by the body, like any other cell going through its natural life
cycle.
DENTAL DAMS

 A square piece of thin latex that is used during vaginal-oral, and anal-oral sex.

A Family Planning Program Seminar

 By placing the dental dam over the labia of the anus and licking the dental dam,
not their partner’s skin, a person can prevent passing bodily fluids that may contain
STDs and HIV.
 Can be used to cover the penis during oral sex, but using condom is easier.
 Available at most family planning clinics and medical supply stores.
 If unavailable, you can use plastic wrap (like Saran Wrap) from the grocery store,
or cut open a condom or latex glove. May 14, 2008
ADVANTGES:
 Condoms prevent the spread of most STDs and HIV.
 Cap & Contraceptive Foam can last several years. No major health
risks. You use it only when you need it.
 IUD works for up to 10yrs. Once inserted. No need to remember a pill
every day.
DISADVANTAGES:
 Condom can break.
BSN Section6
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
Some people have trouble inserting female condom & cervical cap.
Some people are allergic to latex and spermicide. Summer ‘08
 Diaphragm can increase the risk of Urinary Tract Infection. IUD can
make periods heavier and longer, with more cramps.
 NATURAL METHOD OF FAMILY PLANNING ARTIFICIAL METHOD OF FAMILY Implants
PLANNING
 Relatively new in the U.S.
Celibacy  Works on same hormonal principle.
Hormonal  Consists of a slow- release female hormone contained in
six thin, rubbery capsules.

 Also called sexual abstinence. The act of not having sex.

 There are several different hormonal methods of birth
control. The differences among them involve the type,
Non Vaginal Sex 
amount, and the way of hormone enters a woman’s body.
The hormones can be estrogen and/or progesterone.
ADVANTGES:
Combination pills, skin patch or vaginal ring
1. taken by mouth (oral)  No interruption of foreplay or intercourse
2. implanted into body tissue  Lowers the risk of anemia
3. injected under the skin  Fewer or no periods (with certain types of pill)
Sex without Penetration 4.
5.
absorbed from a patch on the skin
placed in the vagina


Reduced pain during ovulation
Reduced fibrocystic breast changes
 Mode of delivery determines whether the hormonal  Reduced risk of pelvic inflammatory diseases(PID)
exposure is continuous or intermittent.
 Reduced risk of ectopic pregnancy
 The different hormonal types of birth control are
 also known as outercourse.  May reduce acne
comparable in that they are all highly effective and all are
 May reduce ovarian cyst
reversible. However, none of the hormonal methods of
 May reduce symptoms of endometriosis
Coitus Interruptus birth control protect a woman against sexually transmitted
infections. 

May reduce bone density loss
May protect against ovarian and endometrial cancer
Oral Contraceptives 

Can be used after an abortion
Pills must be taken every day.
 Commonly known as withdrawal or pull out method.  Patches may not fully protect you from pregnancy if they
THE PILL are exposed to direct sun or high heat. This can release a
 It is the withdrawal of the penis from the vagina prior to ejaculation.
 Oral contraceptive made from synthetic hormones. high dose of hormone from the patch, which leaves less for
 Method of contraception in which, during sexual intercourse, the penis is removed
 97%-99% effective, if used properly. the patch to release later in the week.
from the vagina prior to ejaculation, primarily to avoid introducing semen into the
 Fully reversible  May not be as effective when taken with certain
vagina.
 Has been available since 1960. medications
 COMBINATION PILL  May delay return of normal cycles
-Contains the hormones estrogen and  May cost more than other methods if used for many years.
Coitus Reservatus 
progestin, a form of progesterone.
MINIPILL Progestin-only Pills
-Only contains one hormone, progestin.
Progestin thickens the cervical mucus,
 The act of withholding ejaculation. making it more difficult for sperm to pass  Do not contain estrogen, so do not cause any of the health
through the cervix. risks related to estrogen use
 Reduced bleeding and cramping with periods
Rhythm Method Injected
 Abstaining from intercourse during ovulation. Contraceptives DISADVANTGES:
 Calendar-based methods are various methods of natural birth control that involves  DEPO-PROVERA
counting days of woman’s menstrual cycle in order to achieve or avoid pregnancy. Skin Patch
-is medoxyprogesterone, a synthetic long-  Patches deliver more estrogen than low-dose birth control
acting form of the hormone progesterone. pills do. Some research has found that women using the
-Similar to the birth control minipill in that it patch are more likely to get dangerous blood clots in the
COMMON NAMES: does not contain estrogen.
1. Calendar Method legs and lungs. The risk may be higher if you smoke or
 LUNELLE have certain health problems.
2. Standard Days Method -It is a combination of estrogen and
3. Rhythm Method progesterone, whereas Depo-provera is
4. Knaus-Ogino Method (named after Hermann Knaus & Kyusaku Progestin-only pills
progesterone alone.
Ogino). -It is administered monthly.
 Are less effective than combination pills
ADVANTGES: Contraceptive  Make diabetes more likely if you have had gestational
diabetes during pregnancy.(Combination estrogen-


Have no medical side effects
Immediate return to fertility
Patch progestin birth control does not appear to increase this
diabetes risk.)
 Free and readily available  ORTHO-VERA  Cause more irregular periods or spotting between periods
 Use increases knowledge of female reproductive physiology -An adhesive patch has been developed that  May delay return of normal cycles
 Use may improve communication between partners will provide a contraceptive through the skin.  Do not reduce risk of ovarian cyst or ectopic pregnancy
-This method is called a transdermal  May not be as effective when taken with certain
DISADVANTGES: (through the skin) delivery system. medications
 May cost more than other methods if used for many years
 High failure rate  Do not protect against sexually transmitted disease or HIV


Require high motivation and ability to follow instructions
Require partner’s cooperation
Vaginal Ring
 Couple practicing periodic abstinence must abstain from intercourse
for a significant period of time every month  NUVARING
-Ring-shaped device that contains the
 No protection from STD/ HIV
female hormone estradiol can be placed in
 May be difficult to detect a women’s fertile period ( close to the vagina. It remains in place for 3 wks
menarche, close to menopause, during breastfeeding, or in women continuously, then it is removed for 1 wk to
with irregular cycles) allow for a menstrual period. It continuously
releases low levels of the hormone into the
bloodstream for the entire 3 wks.