GWYNETH MAY R.
PAYANG Instructor: Mary Catherine Rivera 
BSAC 1 -AAB THSELF1 – TTH 9:30-11:00 AM
CONTRACEPTIVE CONTRACEPTIVE
METHODS  TYPES
Barrier Method
• Male Condom -Male Condom
A male Condoms are
sometimes known as
"rubbers," "sheaths," or
"skins," among other
names. Latex (rubber),
polyurethane, and sheep
intestine are used to
make condoms.
Condoms made of latex
and polyurethane help
prevent the transmission
of sexually transmitted
diseases (STIs) like HIV.
• Female Condom  -Female Condom
Female condoms are
composed of latex or
synthetic latex that is soft
and thin. They're worn
inside the vaginal canal to
keep sperm from
reaching the womb.
Before intercourse, insert
a female condom into the
vagina, but make sure the
penis does not come into
touch with the vagina
before the condom is
inserted.
EFFICACY RATE OF
CONTRACEPTION
-Male Condom
The user failure rate
(typical use) for male
condoms is 18%. This
indicates that 18 out of
100 condom-using couples
become pregnant within a
year. Only 2 out of 100
couples who use condoms
correctly for a year will
become pregnant. Male
condoms are 98%
effective when worn
appropriately every time
you have intercourse.
-Female Condom
Internal condom efficacy is
95% if you use them
correctly every time you
have intercourse.
However, because
humans aren't perfect,
internal condoms are only
approximately 79%
effective in real life, which
means that roughly 21 out
of every 100 people who
use them as their primary
form of birth control will
become pregnant each
year.
• Diaphragm  -Diaphragm 
A diaphragm is a shallow
cup shaped like a tiny
saucer made of soft
silicone that is used as a
method of birth control.
To cover your cervix, you
fold it in half and place it
within your vagina. A
diaphragm aids in the
prevention of pregnancy.
It acts as a barrier
between your cervix and
the egg, preventing
sperm from joining it. A
diaphragm must be used
in conjunction with
spermicide to be effective
(a cream or gel that kills
sperm).
-Diaphragm
According to Planned
Parenthood, the
diaphragm is 94 percent
successful when used
correctly. Because
individuals make mistakes,
it is 88 percent effective
overall. According to other
estimates, the success
rate ranges from 70 to 99
percent.

• Cervical Cap -Cervical Cap

-Cervical Cap
A cervical cap is a little
The cap is 80.4% effective
cup fashioned like a
according to the Pearl
sailor's hat made of soft
Index and 89% of the
silicone. To cover your
women are satisfied with
cervix, you place it deep
using the cap. There is a
within your vagina. Your
51% continuation rate over
cervix is covered by the
a 1-year period. The
cervical cap, which
cervical cap appears to
prevents sperm from
have a satisfactory rate of
joining an egg. A cervical
contraception when
cap must be worn in
compared with other
conjunction with
barrier methods and
spermicide to be effective
women are adept at its
(a cream or gel that kills
use.
sperm).
  Contraceptive Sponge  -Contraceptive Sponge
Short-acting hormonal methods
•Birth Control Pills  -Birth Control Pills  -Birth Control Pills
•The Vaginal Ring (NuvaRing)
A birth control sponge
(sometimes known as a
contraceptive sponge or
simply "the sponge") is a
tiny, circular sponge
made of soft, squishy
plastic. Before
intercourse, you place it
deep within your vagina.
To assist prevent
conception, the sponge
covers your cervix and
contains spermicide. A
fabric loop is affixed to
each sponge to make it
simpler to remove.
Hormone-based
medicines, such as birth
control tablets, are a type
of medication. Each day,
you take one tablet from a
pack of birth control pills.
If you take your
medication on time, it is
safe, cheap, and
effective. The pill offers
several health
advantages in addition to
avoiding pregnancy.
-The Vaginal Ring
(NuvaRing)
The birth control ring
(also known as the
vaginal ring or the ring) is
a simple and effective
form of birth control when
used appropriately. You
wear a tiny, flexible ring
-Contraceptive Sponge
In a normal year, 14 out of
100 women who have
never had a baby and
utilize the sponge will
become pregnant. This
indicates that it is 86%
effective. The sponge
doesn't fit as tightly in
women who have had a
baby because delivery
might expand your vaginal
and cervix. While utilizing
the sponge, about 27 out
of 100 women will become
pregnant, giving it a 73
percent success rate.
Perfect implementation:
almost 99 percent
effective. When the
combination pill is used
appropriately, less than 1
in 100 women will become
pregnant in a year.
-The Vaginal Ring
(NuvaRing)
A vaginal ring ring is at
least 99 percent effective
in preventing conception
when worn appropriately.
It may only be 93 percent
effective if you fail to put a
fresh ring in, use it
 inside your vaginal canal
that prevents pregnancy
by delivering hormones
into your body 24 hours a
day, seven days a week.
The ring also offers a
slew of additional health
advantages.
-Skin Patch (Xulane)
XULANE is a birth control
patch prescribed for
women with a BMI of less
than 30 kg/m2. It includes
two female hormones:
ethinyl estradiol, an
estrogen, and
norelgestromin, a
•Skin Patch (Xulane) progestin. XULANE
hormones enter the
bloodstream and are
handled differently by the
body than hormones from
birth control tablets. If you
use XULANE instead of a
traditional birth control pill
with 35 micrograms of
estrogen, you will be
exposed to roughly 60%
more estrogen. Increased
estrogen may raise the
likelihood of adverse
effects in general.
-Contraceptive Injection
(Depo-Provera)
Depo-Provera is a very
well brand name for
medroxyprogesterone
acetate, a progestin-
containing contraceptive
injectable. Every three
months, Depo-Provera is
administered as an
incorrectly, or take certain
medicines.
-Skin Patch (Xulane)
How closely you follow the
guidelines for taking
Xulane will determine your
chances of becoming
pregnant. When used as
prescribed, the patch is 99
percent effective. The
more closely you follow
the instructions, the less
likely you are to become
pregnant. During the first
year of using the
norelgestromin and ethinyl
estradiol transdermal
system, 1 to 2 women out
of 100 became pregnant.
Xulane may be less
effective in preventing
pregnancy in women who
weigh more than 198
pounds (90 kilograms) and
have a BMI of less than 30
kg/m2.
-Contraceptive Injection
(Depo-Provera)
The birth control shot's
efficacy is above 99
percent when taken
correctly, which means
that less than one out of
every 100 individuals who
use it will become
pregnant each year.
•Contraceptive Injection (Depo-
Provera)
Long-acting hormonal methods
•Intrauterine Device
injection. Depo-Provera However, in real life, the
prevents your ovaries shot is only around 94
from producing an egg by percent successful since
suppressing ovulation. individuals occasionally fail
Cervical mucus thickens to take their shots on time.
as well, preventing sperm So, on average, 6 out of
from accessing the every 100 people who take
egg.cervical mucus a shot will become
thicker. When the mucus pregnant each year.
on the cervix is thicker,
the sperm can’t get
through. And when the
sperm and the egg can’t
get together, pregnancy
can’t happen.
-Intrauterine Device -Intrauterine Device
An intrauterine device More than 99% effective
(IUD) is a small device intrauterine device (IUD).
that is implanted in your An IUD can last for 5 to 10
uterus to prevent years, depending on the
conception. It's a long- kind, although it can be
term, reversible type of removed at any moment.
birth control that's also Depending on the kind of
one of the most effective. IUD, fewer than 1 in 100
In the United States, the women will become
FDA has authorized five pregnant in a year. The
distinct IUD brands: effectiveness of older
Paragard, Mirena, kinds is reduced.
Kyleena, Liletta, and
Skyla. Copper IUDs
(Paragard) and hormonal
IUDs are the two types of
IUDs available (Mirena,
Kyleena, Liletta, and
Skyla). Hormones are not
included in the Paragard
IUD. It's encased with a
smidgeon of copper and
can keep you from getting
pregnant for up to 12
years. The hormone
progestin is used in the
Mirena, Kyleena, Liletta,
and Skyla IUDs to
prevent conception.
•Intrauterine System
-Intrauterine System
-Intrauterine System The intrauterine system
An IUS is a tiny, T- (IUS) has a success rate
shaped plastic device that of over 99%. An IUS
a doctor or nurse inserts usually lasts 3 to 5 years,
into your uterus. It depending on the kind, but
prevents pregnancy by it can be removed sooner.
releasing the hormone When utilizing an IUS,
progestogen, which lasts fewer than 1 in 100
3 to 5 years depending on women will become
the brand. pregnant over the course
of 3 to 5 years.

•Contraceptive Implant -Contraceptive Implant

-Contraceptive Implant
(Nexplanon)  (Nexplanon)
(Nexplanon)
The Nexplanon birth
control implant is a little,
thin rod approximately the
size of a matchstick. The
implant causes your body
to release hormones that
prevent you from
becoming pregnant. The
implant is inserted into
your arm by a nurse or
doctor, and you're
safeguarded from
pregnancy for up to 5
years. It's a buy-it-and-
forget-it approach to birth
control.
Permanent Methods
•Tubal Ligation  -Tubal Ligation
Tubal ligation, commonly
known as tubal
sterilization or having
your tubes tied, is a
method of permanent
birth prevention. The
NEXPLANON is almost
99% successful in
preventing pregnancy
(less than one pregnancy
per 100 women who took it
for a year), and you don't
have to remember to take
it every day. NEXPLANON
is one of the most effective
birth control pills on the
market.
-Tubal Ligation
Tubal ligation is extremely
effective in preventing
pregnancy, with a success
rate of over 99 percent.
This indicates that only
around 1 in 100 tubal
 fallopian tubes are cut, ligation (sterilization)
tied, or plugged during patients will become
tubal ligation to pregnant each year. When
permanently prevent it comes to pregnancy
conception. Tubal ligation prevention, that's as good
stops an egg from moving as it gets.
from the ovaries to the
fallopian tubes while also
preventing sperm from
•Tubal Implant going up the fallopian
tubes to the egg. Your
menstrual cycle is
unaffected by the
treatment.

-Tubal Implant -Tubal Implant

Tubal implants are a  Tubal implants aren't
method of birth control always successful in
that is permanent. Small preventing pregnancy.
metal springs are inserted Over the course of two
into your fallopian tubes. years, studies reveal that
This is accomplished fewer than one in every
without severing the skin. 100 women with implants
Scar tissue forms became pregnant.
surrounding each implant Inserting a tubal implant
over time. Scar tissue might be challenging.
obstructs the tubes. This Before both tubal implants
prevents eggs from are correctly put, some
entering the fallopian women require a repeat
tubes from the ovaries. operation.
These are the tubes
where a sperm fertilizes
the egg.
•Vasectomy

-Vasectomy
Vasectomy is a small
-Vasectomy
procedure that prevents
As a technique of birth
sperm from reaching the
control, vasectomy has
ejaculated semen. Semen
several advantages. The
still persists, but it is
major advantage is
devoid of sperm. The
efficiency. A vasectomy

Fertility Awareness Methods
•Natural Family Planning
•The Rhythm Method  -The Rhythm Method
testes continue to
produce sperm after a
vasectomy, but they are
absorbed by the body.
Every year, more than
500,000 men in the
United States opt for
vasectomy as a method
of birth control. Except for
abstinence, a vasectomy
prevents conception
better than any other type
of birth control.
-Natural Family
Planning
Natural family planning
(NFP) is a method of
avoiding pregnancy. It
has nothing to do with
drugs or gadgets. NFP
assists people in
determining when it is
appropriate to engage in
sexual activity. It can be
used to help you get
pregnant or avoid
becoming pregnant. It
entails tracking a
woman's physical
changes over the course
of her menstrual cycle.
The majority of people
choose for NFP for
religious or personal
reasons.
A kind of birth control is
the rhythm method. This
method of birth control is
sometimes referred to as
"natural family planning,"
or NFP, and it entails a
prevents births in almost
99.99 percent of cases.
Vasectomy, like female
tubal ligation, is a one-time
operation that ensures
long-term contraception.
-Natural Family Planning
This approach can be up
to 99 percent successful if
natural family planning
recommendations are
strictly followed. This
indicates that 1 in every 9
women who successfully
practice natural family
planning will become
pregnant. However, if
natural family planning
methods are not properly
implemented, more
women will become
pregnant. Natural family
planning requires
dedication and effort to be
effective.
-The Rhythm Method
Preventing pregnancy with
this approach is around 76
percent successful.
 woman keeping track of
when she is fertile and
avoiding sexual activity or
using other forms of birth
control, such as
condoms, during that
period of her cycle. The
fertility awareness
approach is also known
as the rhythm method.

 Emergency Contraception - Emergency - Emergency

Contraception
Emergency contraception
is a method of preventing
pregnancy following
unprotected sexual
activity. Emergency
contraceptive pills
(ECPs), often known as
the morning-after pill, are
tablets that can be taken
up to 120 hours (5 days)
after having unprotected
intercourse. Some
emergency contraception
works best if used within
72 hours (3 days) of
having a sexual
encounter.
contraception (The
effectiveness of
emergency contraceptive
tablets is estimated to be
approximately 85% in
avoiding pregnancy. The
ulipristal acetate
emergency contraceptive
tablet (EllaOne) is more
successful than the
levonorgestrel emergency
contraceptive pill at
preventing pregnancy.

References:
Male condoms. Male Condoms | Michigan Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/hw190504spec.

NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/female-condoms/.

NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/male-condoms/.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). How effective are internal condoms? Planned Parenthood. Retrieved
October 14, 2021, from https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/internal-
condom/how-effective-are-internal-condoms.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Diaphragm birth control: How diaphragms prevent pregnancy. Planned
Parenthood. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/diaphragm.

MediLexicon International. (n.d.). Diaphragm birth control: Use, advantages, and risks. Medical
News Today. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/295727#risks-and-side-effects.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Cervical cap: FemCap: What is a cervical cap? Planned Parenthood.
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/cervical-cap.

D;, B. (n.d.). The cervical cap: Effectiveness as a contraceptive. Journal of nurse-midwifery.

Retrieved October 14, 2021, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6551434/.

NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/ius-intrauterine-system/.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Birth control implants: NEXPLANON information. Planned Parenthood.

Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-implant-nexplanon.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Birth control sponges: What is the today sponge? Planned Parenthood.
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-sponge.

Davis, J. L. (n.d.). Birth control sponge: How to use, effectiveness, benefits, and risks. WebMD.
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/birth-control-
sponge.

NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/how-effective-contraception/.
Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Birth control pills: The pill: Contraceptive Pills. Planned Parenthood.
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-
control-pill.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Nuvaring: Birth control vaginal ring: Estrogen Ring. Planned Parenthood.
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-vaginal-ring-
nuvaring.

Contraception - vaginal ring. Contraception - vaginal ring - Better Health Channel. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/contraception-vaginal-ring.

Learn more about a prescription birth option control. How does Xulane® work? (n.d.).
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from https://www.xulane.com/en/use-
xulane#:~:text=XULANE%20is%20a%20prescription%20birth,effective%20when
%20used%20as%20directed.

Vasectomy. Vasectomy: Treatment & Information - Urology Care Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 14, 2021, from https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/v/vasectomy.

Vasectomy: Procedure, recovery, side effects, effectiveness & reversal. Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 14, 2021, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/4423-
vasectomy-sterilization.

NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/natural-family-planning/.

Hirsch, L. (Ed.). (2021, September). Emergency contraception (for teens) - nemours kidshealth.
KidsHealth. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/contraception-emergency.html.

Morning after Pill: Emergency contraception: How to get morning after pill: Cost &
effectiveness. Family Planning Victoria. (n.d.). Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.fpv.org.au/for-you/contraception/emergency-contraception/morning-after-pill-
emergency-contraception.

Parenthood, P. (n.d.). Iud Birth Control: Info about Mirena & Paragard iuds. Planned
Parenthood. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/iud.

NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Retrieved October 14, 2021, from

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/how-effective-contraception/.