Birth Control Methods

SUBMITTED BY NEIL RAMOS & JAMES MEDINA

Birth Control methods or Contraceptives, are methods or services
that prevent pregnancy. There are different methods, each having
advantages and disadvantages. There is no 100% effective
contraceptive. You should understand that the use of contraceptives
requires responsibility and accountability. The health of the person
using a contraceptive is at stake since some might cause side effects
to the user.
Table 2 presents a summary of the advantages.
Disadvantages and the rate of effectiveness of the different
methods.
Birth Control Method How does it work Advantages Disadvantages Effectiveness

A. Hormonal Method

1. Birth control pill Pill is taken once a day it It is easily reversible There may be some 91-97%
contains female hormone and regulates period. side effects
that prevents ovulation

2. Transdermal patch A 4-cm polyester patch It regulates periods an There is possible skin 91-97%
that contain estrogen and allows unplanned sex. irritation
progesterone absorbed by
the skin

3. Contraceptive ring A ring is inserted into the It is effective right It has lower return of 91-97%
vagina containing estrogen away fertility
and progesterone

4. Injection method Progesterone is It is effective right It has lower return of 91-97%

injected to prevent away fertility
ovulation
B. Barrier Control
Methods

1. Condom Sheath made of latex It is protection form It can be used onl 82%-98%
is inserted in an erect sexually transmited once and spermicide
penis to prevent disease (STD) may cause irritation in
sperm from meeting the skin.
the egg
2. Female condom One ring is inserted into the top
of the vagina. The other ring sits
It is available in many The user must feel 79-95%
outside the opening of the vagina locations. comfortable inserting
to fit the shape of the vagina the condom into the
vagina
3. Sponge Small soft foam sponge is It may be used more It cannot be used 76-91%
inserted into the vagina to than once and can be during menstrual
cover the servix used without a doctor’s period and may cause
advice infection.
4. Spermicide This consists of Spermicide acts as a There is no protection 72-83%
chemicals that kill the lubricant against sexually
sper or make it unable transmitted infections.
to move.
C. Surgical method

1. Tubal ligation The fallopian tube It does not It requires surgery,. 99%
is cut preventing interrupt There is arisk for
the release of egg spontaneity infection.
cells
2. Vasectomy The vas deferens is It requires minor 99%
cut to prevent the surgery. It is
release of sperm. difficult to reverse
D. Behavioral

1. Rhythm There is no NO COST It is difficult 79-87%

Method intercourse when especially when
female is fertile female has
irregular periods

2. Withdrawal This is the withdrawal Difficult to do 75%-91%

of penis from the
vagina before
ejaculation

3. Abstinence This is a decision Pressure from 100%

not to have a other people may
sexual intercourse affect abstinance

4. Fertility Determine changes in It can be used to 75-99%

awarenss the body to indicate plan or avoid
ovulation like body
temperature pregnancy
E. Others

1. Intra uterine This prevents It does not There are 95-99%

device implanation interrupt menstrual cramps
spontaneity and risk infection is
high