Types of Contraception

1. Barrier contraceptives
2. Hormonal contraceptives
3. Sterilization

Note: No single method of birth control is

the “best” one. Each has its own
advantages and disadvantages.
Abstinence is the only 100% effective
way to prevent pregnancy and STD’s
Barrier Contraceptives
Methods that physically or chemically
block sperm from reaching an egg AND
provide a BARRIER between direct skin
to skin contact
Act as a physical block between you
and your sexual partner
Great for STD protection!
Types: MALE CONDOMS
 Male Condom:
Male condoms are 82 to 98 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy
Condoms can only be used once
Do not use oil-based lubricants such as massage
oils, baby oil, lotions, or petroleum jelly.They
will weaken the condom, causing it to tear or
break.
Water-based are the best – can prevent
breaking of condom.
Female Condom
Female Condom, cont…
 Female Condom:
Female condoms are 79 to 95 percent
effective
Worn by the woman, this method keeps
sperm from getting into her body
It can be inserted up to eight hours
before sexual intercourse (though not
necessary)
Hormonal Methods
Methods that prevent the release
of an egg (ovulation)
Prevents a fertilized egg from
implanting in the uterus (prevents
pregnancy).
NO hormonal methods reduce
chances of STD’s!
 Oral Contraceptives
Also called “the pill,”
Some contain estrogen, progestin, or mix of
other hormones depending on pill
The pill is 91 to 99 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy.
A pill is taken at the same time each day
(once a day for three weeks, no pill fourth
week -will get menstrual period)
 Birth Control Patch
This skin patch is worn on the lower
abdomen, buttocks, or upper body
The patch is 91 to 99 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy
It releases hormones progestin and
estrogen into the bloodstream
You put on a new patch once a week for
three weeks. During the fourth week, you
do not wear a patch, so you can have a
menstrual period
 Vaginal Ring
The birth control ring releases the
hormones progestin and estrogen
It is 91 to 99 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy
Ring goes inside vagina up around your
cervix
You wear the ring for three weeks, take it
out for the week you have your period,
and then put in a new ring
This method does not protect you from
HIV or other STDs.
progestin
Every 3 months (or 12 weeks),
women get shots of the hormone
progestin in the buttocks or arm
from their doctor.
It is 94 to 99 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy.
It does not protect you from HIV or
other STDs
 Emergency Contraception
The pills are 75 to 89 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy
Can be taken up to 3-5days AFTER
unprotected sex (depending on brand)
No prescription needed over age of 15
Effectiveness decreases after 24 hours
Emergency contraception should only be
used after no birth control was used
during sex, or if the birth control method
failed, such as if a condom broke
 Intrauterine Device
It is placed inside the uterus by a doctor.
99% effective at preventing pregnancy
Copper IUD: Can stay for up to 10 years
Interferes with sperm, fertilization, and
prevents implantation
Hormonal IUD: Can stay for up to 5 years
It releases a small amount of hormone each
day to keep you from getting pregnant.
Sterilization
Vasectomy: This operation is done to
keep a man’s sperm from going to his
penis, so his ejaculate never has any
sperm in it that can fertilize an egg.
Operation is more simple than tying a
woman’s tubes
Sterilization
Tubal ligation or “tying
tubes.”
A woman can have her fallopian tubes
tied (or closed) to stop eggs from being
fertilized
Over time, the ends of your fallopian
tubes could fuse back together, and it
may be possible to get pregnant
THANK YOU