Types of Contraception

1. Barrier contraceptives
2. Hormonal contraceptives
3. Sterilization
1. Barrier contraceptives
Barrier Contraceptives
Methods that physically or
chemically block sperm from
reaching an egg AND provide
a BARRIER between direct
skin to skin contact
Types: MALE CONDOMS
Male Condom
 Male Condom:
Condom is a thin rubber
covering man penis during sex in
order to prevent a woman from
becoming pregnant or to prevent
the spread of diseases.
Male condoms are 82 to 98
percent effective at preventing
pregnancy
Condoms can only be used once
Female Condom
Female Condom:
Female condoms are 79 to 95
percent effective
Worn by the woman, this
method keeps sperm from
getting into her body
Dental Dam
Dental Dam
Small, thin, square pieces of latex
Can help to prevent skin-to-skin
contact
Placed on the vulva or the anus
when the mouth, lips, or tongue are
used to sexually arouse a partner.
2. Hormonal contraceptives
Hormonal Methods
Methods that prevent the
release of an egg (ovulation)
Prevents a fertilized egg
from implanting in the
uterus
 Oral Contraceptives
Also called “the pill,”
Some contain estrogen, progestin,
or mix of other hormones
depending on pill
The pill is 91 to 99 percent
effective at preventing
pregnancy.
 Birth Control Patch
This skin patch is worn on the
lower abdomen, buttocks, or
upper body
The patch is 91 to 99 percent
effective at preventing pregnancy
It releases hormones progestin
and estrogen into the
bloodstream.
Vaginal Ring
The birth control ring
releases the hormones
progestin and estrogen
It is 91 to 99 percent effective
at preventing pregnancy
This method does not protect
you from HIV or other STDs.
Birth Control Shot
Every 3 months (or 12 weeks),
women get shots of the
hormone progestin in the
buttocks or arm from their
doctor.
It is 94 to 99 percent effective
at preventing pregnancy.
 Emergency Contraception
Also known as the “morning after pill”
The pills are 75 to 89 percent effective at
preventing pregnancy
Can be taken up to 3-5days AFTER
unprotected sex (depending on brand)
No prescription needed over age of 15
Effectiveness decreases after 24 hours
Emergency contraception should only be
used after no birth control was used
during sex, or if the birth control method
failed, such as if a condom broke
 Intrauterine Device
It is placed inside the uterus by a doctor.
99% effective at preventing pregnancy
Copper IUD: Can stay for up to 10 years
Interferes with sperm, fertilization, and
prevents implantation
Hormonal IUD: Can stay for up to 5 years
It releases a small amount of hormone each
day to keep you from getting pregnant.
Sterilization
Vasectomy: This operation is done to
keep a man’s sperm from going to his
penis, so his ejaculate never has any
sperm in it that can fertilize an egg.
Operation is more simple than tying a
woman’s tubes
Sterilization
Tubal ligation or “tying
tubes.”
A woman can have her fallopian tubes
tied (or closed) to stop eggs from being
fertilized
Over time, the ends of your fallopian
tubes could fuse back together, and it
may be possible to get pregnant