YEAR 10 PDHPE Unit

2
LESSON 3
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Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Condom A condom is a sheath-shaped They are made of very thin latex Condoms are Condoms can be Some couples
(male) barrier device used during sexual (rubber), polyurethane or also 98% used for vaginal, find that using
intercourse to reduce the polyisoprene and are designed to effective at anal or oral sex. condoms
probability of pregnancy or a prevent pregnancy by stopping preventing As well interrupts sex –
sexually transmitted infection. sperm from meeting an egg. pregnancy. This as reducing your to get around
means that 2 out risk of this, try to make
of 100 women pregnancy, they using a condom
using male can also reduce part of foreplay.
condoms as your risk of Condoms are
contraception will getting or very strong but
become pregnant spreading may split or tear
in a year. sexually if not used
transmitted properly.
infections (STIs).
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

The Pill The combined oral contraceptive

pill, often referred to as the birth
The combined oral contraceptive
pill, often referred to as the birth
If used correctly
the pill is at least
it does not
interrupt sex. it
it can increase
your blood
control pill or colloquially as "the control pill or colloquially as "the 99% effective at usually makes pressure. it does
pill", is a type of birth control that pill", is a type of birth control that is preventing your bleeds not protect you
is designed to be taken orally by designed to be taken orally by pregnancy. regular, lighter against sexually
women. women. Allowing for and less painful. transmitted
mistakes, it is it reduces your infections.
93% effective. risk of cancer of breakthrough
the ovaries, bleeding and
womb and colon. spotting is
common in the
first few months
of using the pill.
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Abstinence Abstinence is a self-enforced

restraint from indulging in bodily
This means avoiding all types of
intimate genital contact.
Abstinence is 10
0% effective at
Abstinence can
be a way
Experience
shows that even
activities that are widely preventing the to avoid the risks people
experienced as giving pleasure. spread of that come with committed to
sexually sex — like abstinence may
transmitted pregnancy and unexpectedly
infections. If you STDs — until have sex and
don't have any you're ready to may not be
kind of sexual prevent and/or prepared to
contact with handle them. protect
another person, themselves from
you can't get pregnancy and
STDs. STIs.
Many people
may find it
difficult to
maintain
abstinence over
the long term.
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Withdrawal What Is Withdrawal? Withdrawal,

also called pulling out, is when a
The withdrawal method of
contraception (coitus
The pull-out
method is about
Withdrawal can
be used every
Withdrawal is not
considered the
male removes his penis from the interruptus) happens when you take 80% effective. time. most reliable
vagina before he ejaculates the penis out of the vagina and About one in five Withdrawal may form of birth
during sex. ejaculate outside the vagina to try people who rely be added to control.
to prevent pregnancy. on the pull-out other forms of The woman must
method for birth birth control to have complete
control become increase the trust in the man's
pregnant. effectiveness. ability to
Withdrawal is withdraw.
free. Pre-ejaculation,
which may
contain sperm,
occurs without
the knowledge of
the man.
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Rhythm The rhythm method is a type of

birth control that involves tracking
The rhythm method, also called the
calendar method or the calendar
How well the
rhythm method
One benefit of
the rhythm
It can be
annoying to
Method your menstrual cycle. This form rhythm method, is a form of natural works varies method is that it's record and track
of birth control involves tracking family planning. To use the rhythm between couples. free and doesn't your cycle every
your menstrual cycle on a method, you track your menstrual In general, as require a day.
calendar to predict ovulation. You history to predict when you'll many as 24 out prescription. No protection
use this information to identify ovulate. This helps you determine of 100 women Also, if you do against sexually
when you're most fertile. when you're most likely to conceive. who use natural decide you want transmitted
family planning to have a baby infections (STIs).
for birth control later, you can Challenging for
become pregnant start trying right people with
the first year.  away. irregular periods.
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Diaphragm The diaphragm is a barrier

method of birth control. It is
A diaphragm is a barrier method of
contraception. It fits inside your
Diaphragms work
fairly well if they
you only need to
use a diaphragm
it's not as
effective as other
moderately effective, with a one- vagina and prevents sperm from are put in place when you want types of
year failure rate of around 12% passing through the cervix (the and used to have sex. contraception.
with typical use. It is placed over entrance of your womb). correctly, but are you can put it in it only provides
the cervix with spermicide before Diaphragms are soft, thin domes not as effective at a convenient limited protection
sex and left in place for at least made of silicone, and come in as the pill, a time (but do not against STIs.
six hours after sex.  different shapes and sizes. contraceptive forget to use it can take time
implant or an extra spermicide to learn how to
IUD. If 100 if you have it in use it.
women use a for more than 3 putting it in can
diaphragm for a hours) before interrupt sex.
year, around 18 having sex.
will likely get there are no
pregnant. serious
associated
health risks or
side effects.
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

IUD  An intrauterine device, also The copper IUD works by: making it They are more They are more Disadvantages: Y
(Intra-Uterine known as intrauterine harder for sperm to reach and than 99% than 99% our periods may
contraceptive device or coil, is a fertilise an egg. changing the lining effective in effective in become heavier,
Device) small, often T-shaped birth of the uterus so that if an egg was preventing preventing longer or more
control device that is inserted into fertilised, it still wouldn't be able to pregnancy. They pregnancy. They painful, though
the uterus to prevent pregnancy. attach and develop. last for a long last for a long this may improve
IUDs are one form of long-acting time – Mirena™ time – Mirena™ after a few
reversible birth control. and Kyleena™ and Kyleena™ months. It does
can last for 5 can last for 5 not protect
years, and the years, and the against STIs, so
copper IUD can copper IUD can you may need to
last for 10 years. last for 10 years. use condoms as
They are safe to well.
use if you are
breastfeeding.
No medications
stop them from
working.
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Emergency The 'morning after' pill is a type of How does the morning after pill Emergency Emergency Side effects of
Contraception emergency contraception that work? The morning after pill works contraception contraception using the
can be used within a few days of by stopping or delaying your ovary pills are around (EC) can prevent emergency pill
(Morning After unprotected sex. It is usually releasing an egg. It might also stop 85% effective in up to over 95% tummy pain.
Pill) effective, but not always. It the sperm from reaching an egg preventing an of pregnancies changes to your
shouldn't be used as regular that has already been released. unintended when taken next period – it
contraception. The emergency pregnancy. within 5 days can be earlier,
contraception pill is taken soon Ulipristal acetate after intercourse. later or more
after sex to reduce the risk of is more effective EC can be used painful than
pregnancy. than in the following usual.
levonorgestrel. situations:
unprotected
intercourse,
concerns about
possible
contraceptive
failure
 Contraception
Contraceptive What is it? How does it work? Effectiveness Advantages Disadvantages

Depo Provera Medroxyprogesterone acetate, When a woman has Depo Depo Provera is Doesn't require Side effects
also known as depot Provera, her body senses the a highly effective daily action. include:
medroxyprogesterone acetate in presence of the hormone so that method of Eliminates the Irregular
injectable form and sold under her own hormone production is contraception need to interrupt menstrual
the brand name Depo-Provera 'switched off'. Because of this, her when it is given sex for periods or no
among others, is a hormonal ovaries will not release an egg and every three contraception. periods at all,
medication of the progestin type. this is how pregnancy is prevented. months (99.8 per Decreases which is a safe
This is very similar to how the Pill cent effective). menstrual benefit of the
works. About one in cramps and pain. shot.
twenty (six per Lessens Headaches.
cent) of women menstrual blood Nervousness.
will still get flow, and in some Depression.
pregnant when cases stops Acne.
using Depo menstruation.
Provera; this is
very low
compared with
other methods.