CD-3

PIPING
DESIGN CRITERIA

INDEX

SUBJECT PAGE

1. SCOPE ......................................................................................................... 2

2. DEFINITION ................................................................................................ 2

3. STANDARDS AND PERMITS ................................................................... 2

4. GENERAL PIPING DESIGN AND LAYOUT ........................................... 3

5. INSTALLATION DESIGN CRITERIA ...................................................... 11

6. PERSONNEL PROTECTION ..................................................................... 17

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DESIGN CRITERIA

1. SCOPE

These Design Criteria cover the design of piping systems, equipment layout, pipe routing
and drawing procedures for mineral processing, chemical plants and similar facilities, in
Projects developed for CODELCO CHILE, División Chuquicamata (CDC).

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1 Piping, when referred to, shall be understood to include all pipe, flanges, bolting, gaskets,
fittings and valves, hangers and component parts representing a complete installation.
Control valves and instruments are excluded.

2.2 Drawings, when referred to, shall be understood to include all design drawings, bills of
materials, manufacturer's certified prints, or drawings furnished by CDC or others as
applicable to the project.

3. STANDARDS AND PERMITS

All piping works shall conform to Chilean Official Standards (Norma Chilena Oficial,
NCh).

Subjects not covered by theses standards shall be designed conform to the latest edition of
the following Codes, Standard and Specifications:

- American National Standards Institute ANSI. Code for Pressure Piping, ANSI B31.

- American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM, specifications.

- National Fire Protection Association, NFPA.

- Manufacturer's Standardisation Society of the Valve & Fitting Industry, MSS.

- American Welding Society, AWS, Standards.

- Hydraulic Institute, Standards.

- Plastic Pipe Institute.

- Occupational Safety & Health Act, OSHA, Standards.

- Municipal Permits.

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DESIGN CRITERIA

Should the project be under Municipal Code Jurisdictional Area or includes lawfully
enforceable measures, or requires previous permit from Government Regulatory Agencies,
Project Drawings and Documents will adhere to said Codes and Decree's in form and intent.

Municipal Permits are to be required and obtained by CDC.

4. GENERAL PIPING DESIGN AND LAYOUT

4.1 General

4.1.1 Piping design and arrangement shall follow the appropriate section of the latest
edition of the Standard Code for Pressure Piping ANSI B31 and the project
specifications and drawings. Where there is a conflict between this guide and the
specific drawing, the latter shall prevail.

4.1.2 Pipe routing will preferably be overhead or above grade.

4.1.3 Pipe trenches, pipe tunnels or buried pipe are to be considered a second option and
will be accepted only in well justified cases.

4.1.4 Piping shall not be installed below concrete floor in any plant building.

4.1.5 Process design conditions, commodity, pressure and temperature, corrosion

allowances, etc. shall be used to specify material class.

4.1.6 During start-up, shutdown, or abnormal operation, it may be allowed that the
pressure or temperature or both exceed the basic design pressure, but in no case shall
this temporary operation exceed the following conditions:

a) When the increased operating conditions will not exceed 10 hours at one
time or 100 hours per year, the pressure rating at the temperature existing
during the increased operating condition may be increased by 33 percent.

b) When the increased operating condition will not exceed 50 hours at one time
or 500 hours per year, the pressure rating, at the temperature existing during
the increased operating condition may be increased by 20 percent.

c) For increased operating conditions greater in duration than the above, the
most severe combination of pressure and temperature shall be considered
normal condition.

4.1.7 In general, blind flanges shall be installed at project limits for all services.

4.1.8 Normally, block valves or control valves shall not be placed at the outlets of

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DESIGN CRITERIA

pressure vessels or furnaces. If block valves are provided for any reason, they shall
be sealed open to eliminate the need for safety valves.

If a control valve is provided, a safety valve is required.

4.1.9 Where a line with a lower pressure rating connects to a line or equipment with a
higher pressure rating, it shall take the specification of the higher rating line,
including the first block and check valve, and eventually the second block and check
valve when double block valves are used. All class breaks shall be shown on the
piping drawings.

4.2 Flexibility (Design)

4.2.1 Allowance for thermal expansion and contraction shall be obtained with the use of
bends, loops, and offsets. Welded long radius forged fittings may be used where
bends are not practicable. Bellows-type expansion joints shall not be used unless
requested and approved by CDC.

4.2.2 Expansion provisions shall conform to Power Piping ANSI B31.1 or Petroleum
Refinery Piping B31.3 and all subsequent addenda, limited as herein specified.

4.2.3 Expansion bends or joints shall be fully capable of withstanding at least 1-1/2 times
the movement, and all working stresses imposed on them by the pressure and
temperature of the contained fluid and the expansion of the pipeline.

4.2.4 Piping upstream and downstream from the expansion joint or bend shall be guided,
anchored and supported so that no misalignment can occur.

4.2.5 Where room permits it, an offset-type of expansion bend shall be used and designed
in accordance with the ANSI Code.

4.2.6 The size of expansion bends shall be kept to a minimum by designing for cold
springing before placing in service.

4.3 Clearances

4.3.1 Following clearances for equipment structures, platforms and supports are to be
considered acceptable:

Roads

Headroom at primary access roads 6.4 m

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Clearance from edge of road shoulders

to platforms, equipment, pipe, etc. 1.5 m

Passageways (maintenance)

Horizontal clearance for equipment

Maintenance by truck 4.0 m

Walkways

Horizontal clearance 750 mm

Headroom (except for handwheels) 2.0 m

Platforms

Minimum width 750 mm

Minimum clearance around any

obstruction on the platform 500 mm

Headroom 2.2 m

Equipment

Minimum maintenance space required

between flanges of equipment arranged
in pairs. 500 mm

Minimum maintenance space required

for structural member or pipe (shell to shell 300 mm

Clearance from edge of road shoulder

(the extreme projection) 1.5 m

Pipe (above ground)

Clearance between the outside diameter

of flange and the outside diameter of

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DESIGN CRITERIA

an adjacent pipe 25 mm

Clearance between the outside diameter

of pipe and structural member 50 mm

4.3.2 Clearance between lines in trenches shall not be less than indicated in the
corresponding CDC's Standard. Flanges and drain fittings shall clear the trench
floors by 75 mm minimum.

4.4 Accessibility

4.4.1 Valves, flanges and process equipment piping in overhead piping shall be located so
that they can be accessible for maintenance. All motor valves and hand-operated
valves shall be directly accessible from a portable ladder or chain operated.

4.4.2 Where an access-way is required between adjacent equipment, a minimum clearance

of 750 mm shall be provided between the outside of flanges of units and of adjacent
piping or support columns, etc. Where no access-way is required between adjacent
units, 500 mm clearance shall be provided.

4.4.3 Passage between unit areas shall be kept free of piping at grade. Lines may be laid
below grade or they may be ramped over.

4.5 Supports and Anchors

4.5.1 Lines shall not be extended by means of a dead-end branch to provide support.

4.5.2 The stresses in small piping connections shall be reduced to a minimum. Supports
and bracing shall be designed to minimise vibration.

4.5.3 Lines for corrosive liquids that operate intermittently and require draining shall be
sloped from end to end. Pipe supports shall be spaced to prevent sag pockets
between them.

4.5.4 Provide shoes or other adequate means of protecting insulation at all pipe supports
on horizontal runs of insulated piping.

4.5.5 Pipe supports, guides, hangers and anchors shall conform to ANSI/MSS SP-58,
"Pipe Hangers and Supports Materials, Design and Manufacture".

4.5.6 All pipe anchors and intermediate supports shall be designed to withstand all forces
imposed upon them.

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4.5.7 Piping shall rest upon or be suspended from its supporting structure.

4.5.8 Piping and support systems shall be designed so that longitudinal expansion or side
thrust forces transmitted to structures are minimised.

4.5.9 Pipe guides shall be of the sliding shoe or roller type.

4.5.10 Anchoring may be done by welding the web of a structural tee section to a
reinforced section of the pipe and the flanges of the "T" to the supporting structure.

4.5.11 Alloy steel pipe that cannot be welded to carbon steel tee anchors shall be anchored
by clamping in place.

4.5.12 Where expansion loops are used to provide expansion the shoe supports shall be
designed so the line may move along its centre line. Horizontal and vertical guides
shall be provided.

4.5.13 Insulated pipe shall rest on supports or be suspended by hangers. A tee section shoe
or saddle shall be welded to the lines to protect insulation.

4.5.14 The expansion bends and piping shall be designed so that flange bolting is not
overstressed.

4.5.15 All hot lines shall be designed so that expansion stresses will not be transmitted to
pumps, turbine or other equipment above the forces permitted by the equipment
manufacturer.

4.5.16 Piping sections requiring frequent dismantling for maintenance, such as for the
installation of blinds, shall be provided with permanent supports for the dismantled
conditions.

4.5.17 PVC, polyethylene or other plastic pipe shall be continuously supported.

4.6 Pipe sizes and Sizing

4.6.1 All piping shall be in accordance with the service specification. Except for lines in
which velocities are of critical importance, the following pipe sizes shall be avoided:

3/8", 1 1/4", 2 1/2", 3 1/2", 5" and 7".

4.6.2 Buried lines shall be a minimum size of 2 inches.

4.6.3 With the exception of instrument leads the minimum size of a line to be run

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overhead shall be 1 inch unless otherwise approved by CDC.

The size may be reduced to 3/4 inch where the run is not over 6 meters and
connecting to steam traps, hose connections or similar short runs.

4.7 Valves

a) Pipeline block valves shall be the same size as the line unless calculation indicates
otherwise. In no case shall the pump suction valve be smaller than the size of the
pump inlet. Valves on pump discharge piping shall be line size.

b) Control valve bypass valves shall be sized to approach the characteristics of the
control valve.

c) Block valves at main line takeoffs shall be as close as possible to the main line and
shall meet the specification for the main line.

4.8 Water and Slurry Lines

a) Long lines shall be sized by applications of good design practices with consideration
given to the economics involved.

b) Water lines shall be sized so the velocity is low for small sizes, and increasing in
proportionate amounts for larger sizes.

c) All water service lines shall be sized so the pressure does not drop below minimum
requirements at the end of the most resistant branch line with full flow in that line.

d) Slurry lines shall be sized to maintain a minimum operating velocity 30% higher
than the calculated critical velocity.

4.9 Compressed Air Lines

Compressed air lines shall be sized so the pressure drop shall not exceed 10 percent of the
initial line pressure, with full capacity being delivered at the end of the line.

4.10 Steam Lines

Steam lines shall be sized so the velocity in the lines does not exceed the velocities as
recommended in the table below. Steam pressure loss does not exceed 10% of the initial
pressure, with full capacity flow.

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Table of Velocities

Saturated steam up to 350 kPa 20-30 m/s

Saturated steam 350 to 1400 kPa 30-50 m/s
Superheated steam 1400 kPa and up 50-75 m/s

4.11 Pipe Wall Thickness

4.11.1 Pipe wall thickness shall be calculated in accordance with ANSI B31.3 latest
revision, or the ASME Power Boiler Code. To this calculated thickness a corrosion
allowance shall be added. The corrosion allowance shall be stipulated in accordance
with the process characteristics.

4.11.2 An abrasion allowance commensurate with the experience in the service involved
shall be considered for slurry pipes.

4.12 Direction Changes

When using steel pipe, changes in direction shall be made with fittings or bends.
Buttwelding elbows are preferred to bends, except bends shall be used in pipe conveying
solids or slurries.

4.12.1 Long Radius Elbows

All buttwelding elbows shall be of the long radius type unless otherwise noted.

4.12.2 Short Radius Elbows

Short radius elbows shall be avoided unless space limitations require their use.

4.12.3 Reducing Elbows

The use of reducing elbows shall be limited to installations where space does not
permit the use of long radius elbow and weld reducer.

4.12.4 Bends

Normally pipe bends shall have a minimum bending radius of five times the nominal
pipe diameter, except where noted on drawings. If space does not permit the use of
five-diameter turns, commercial three diameters bends may be used.

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4.12.5 One-weld mitre elbows may be used for large air compressor intake lines. Multiple-
weld mitre elbows may be used for low pressure services and auxiliary vent and
flare lines.

4.13 Branch Connections

4.13.1 The design and use of welded branch connections shall conform to the requirements
of ANSI Code for Power Piping B31.3.

4.13.2 In general, branch connections shall be made by direct stub-in where: 1) stub-in is
more economical and 2) the piping system has been reviewed for stress and
reinforcement requirements determined.

4.13.3 Where reinforcement is required, the most economical method shall be used.
Consideration shall be given to branch connection fittings such as Weldolets and the
like to eliminate calculating the reinforcing area required. Expansion without
excessive stresses shall be provided in the design of the system.

4.13.4 Connections to equipment or piping shall not be smaller than 3/4 inch, except
threaded orifice flange connections that may be 1/2 inch seal welded in place.

4.13.5 Where vibration is anticipated, joints shall be buttwelded and valves shall be
flanged.

4.13.6 Branch connections 1 1/2 inch and smaller from a larger line shall be made with a
Weldolets or Sockolets.

4.14 Threaded Connections

4.14.1 Threaded connections are not permitted in hydrocarbon or high pressure steam
service except for:

a) Threaded pressure gauges.

b) Threaded instrument meter bodies.

c) Small thermal relief valves.

d) Equipment connections which cannot be obtained other than threaded.

Consideration shall be given to seal welding such connections.

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e) Tapped connections on orifice flanges shall be sealwelded.

f) Where threaded connections are specifically required and found acceptable

to code.

4.14.2 The use of all-welded systems decreases accessibility for maintenance and
inspections of piping. The piping systems shall be provided with sufficient flanges
or unions for maintenance and inspection.

5. INSTALLATION DESIGN CRITERIA

5.1 General

5.1.1 Pipe routing

Pipe routing will preferably be overhead or above grade, underground process

piping shall be avoided.

5.1.2 For Plastic Pipe, recommended practices given on ASTM D2321-80 shall be used.

5.2 Pump and Compressor Piping

5.2.1 Both suction and discharge piping shall be supported so a minimum load is
transmitted to the pump or compressor connection.

5.2.2 A temporary strainer shall be provided in all pump suction lines during start-up.
The strainer shall be installed between the block valve and the pump. Piping shall
be arranged to provide easy removal for cleaning and inspection.

5.2.3 Sight flow indicators shall be provided on closed cooling water systems to pump
glands and compressor jackets.

(Water pressure to pump-glands shall be higher than pump working pressure).

5.2.4 Discharge lines of reciprocating pumps and compressors shall be considered as

being in shock service. Special consideration shall be given to these lines in the
computation of the rating of valves and fittings.

5.2.5 Positive displacement pumps shall be provided with a full capacity relief valve
between the pump discharge and the first block valve. Discharge from the relief
valve shall be piped back to the source, not back into the pump suction.

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5.2.6 Centrifugal pumps handling condensate out of condensers shall be provided with
one or two vents from the pump casing back into the condenser.

5.2.7 Overhead pump suction lines shall be arranged to drain from the equipment towards
the pump.

5.2.8 Pumps shall have a suction and discharge valve as close to the nozzles as practicable
and consistent with piping.

5.2.9 Pumps in multiple service shall have shutoff valves located in an overhead manifold
unless impractical because of size. Single pumps shall have valves installed in the
risers close to pump nozzles. Where the size of the discharge line will not permit
block valves to be installed adjacent to check valves they shall be placed in an
overhead run.

5.2.10 Check valves are not recommended on slurry lines, but Tech-Taylor type check
valve may be used on fine particle size slurries (less than 100 mesh).

5.2.11 All suctions to centrifugal pumps shall be installed in accordance with the
recommendations of the Hydraulic Institute. Reducers are to be adjacent to nozzles,
using eccentric reducers level on top in horizontal suctions of water pumps and level
on the bottom for pumps handling slurry. If there is not sufficient space in vertical
suction lines, long radius reducing elbows may be used. Connection to end suction
pump shall be made with flanged elbow or pipe spool to permit access to the pump.

Special considerations shall be given to pump suction when pumping frothy slurries.

5.3 Steam Lines

5.3.1 Branch steam lines shall be taken off at the top of the steam main and shall be
provided with a flanged shutoff valve adjacent to the main.

5.3.2 Main steam lines shall be installed with a slope in the direction of flow not less than
1:1000.

5.3.3 Steam traps shall be located at the low points in the system. Traps shall be provided
with a test valve, strainer, and check valve.

5.3.4 Steam out connections shall be provided with double-block-and-bleed valves and a
check valve against all oil and oil vapor connections. Steam out connections shall
be not less than 1 inch in size.

5.3.5 All hot piping shall be checked for excessive stresses.

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5.4 Heat Tracing

5.4.1 Steam tracing lines shall be carbon steel or copper. Special applications shall be
discussed with CDC. One tracer shall be used on 4 inches line and smaller and 6
inches line and larger require two tracer lines, spaced about 30 degrees each way
from the bottom of the line.

5.4.2 Tracer lines shall form a continuous circuit between steam supply and trap. Each
section of tracer line shall be trapped.

5.4.3 Tracer lines shall not be welded to the process line. Tracer lines shall be of welded
or tubing fitting construction, using primarily bends and a minimum of fittings.

5.4.4 Whenever heat tracing is required, steam versus electric tracing shall be considered,
and CDC shall be consulted to ascertain his preference.

5.5 Slurry Piping

5.5.1 Slurry piping shall be arranged and supported to facilitate dismantling. Straight
lines shall be connected with Victaulic couplings to permit rotation. Provisions shall
be made for dumping the slurry at low points.

5.5.2 Slurry pressure lines shall be sized to maintain velocities ranging from 1.50 to 2.10
meters per second (average 1.80 meters per second), unless specific criteria indicates
other velocities are more suitable.

5.5.3 Slurry gravity line shall be sloped in the direction of flow. Slopes shall be as shown
on the drawings.

5.5.4 Slurry lines shall not have obstructions such as orifice flanges, throttling or check
valves.

5.5.5 When two pumps are used, one operating and one standby, the piping arrangement
shall be a "Y" branch layout. Block valves shall be located close to the "Y" fittings.

5.5.6 Victaulic couplings and dump valves shall be used to empty slurry lines.

5.5.7 No gate or globe valves shall be used in slurry application.

5.5.8 Rubber sleeve pinch valves shall be used for all abrasive slurry above 20 percent

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solids for throttling service. Full port area plug valves shall be used for block
services.

5.5.9 No rubber pinch valves shall be used in slurry pump suction piping.

5.6 Utility Service Piping

5.6.1 Hose stations for air and water shall be provided at about 25 meters intervals about
the plant process buildings.

5.6.2 Supply lines to hose stations shall be 1-inch size. Hoses, if provided, shall have 15
meters length of hose with quick coupling attachments. A hose rack or reel for
storage shall be provided.

5.6.3 Sediment legs and blowdown valves shall be installed in air lines at all low points
and dead- ends.

5.6.4 Branch utility lines shall have block valves in the branch line adjacent to the supply
line and shutoff valves at the utility stations. These valves shall be accessible or
chain operated.

5.6.5 Drain connections shall be provided in all above ground water lines so that they can
be completely drained.

5.7 Piping for Corrosive Service

5.7.1 Piping containing corrosive and other hazardous material shall be protected with
sleeve when routed overhead in traffic areas.

5.7.2 Lines containing corrosive or hazardous material shall be self-draining.

5.7.3 Vent and drain connections installed to facilitate hydrostatic testing shall be plugged
after the test.

5.8 Fuels

5.8.1 Gas piping systems shall conform to the "Standard for the Installation of Gas
Appliances and Gas Piping" as outlined in ANSI Z21.30 and NFPA Standard 54.

5.8.2 Liquefied petroleum gas installations shall conform to the "Standard for the Storage
and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases" as outlined in NFPA Standard 30 and
58.

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5.8.3 Fuel oil installations shall conform to NFPA Standards 30, 31 and 395.

5.9 Pipe Sleeves

Pipes running through and floors shall pass through sleeves as follows:

5.9.1 Floor: Sleeves shall be of standard weight pipe anchored in place flush at bottom
and projecting at least 75 mm above the finished floor, sized to allow 25 mm
clearance from the pipe or insulation.

5.9.2 Steel, concrete or composition roof: To vent pipes above 70 ºC, sleeves shall be
made of 3 mm-galvanised steel pipe. Sleeves shall be fastened to the roof and
flashed in accordance with the flashing Manufacturer's recommendations. Vent
piping up to 70 ºC shall not be sleeved but shall be fastened directly to the roof and
flashed. Vent piping 3 inches and larger shall be provided with rain hoods.

5.9.3 Concrete or block walls: Lines passing through concrete of block walls above floor
level shall run through sleeves inserted in the walls. Sleeves shall be one size larger
than pipe diameter or O.D. of insulation. Openings for lines running through
outside walls shall be provided with flashing or rain shields.

5.9.4 Pipe line shall pass through pavement vertically and shall be provided with adequate
protection to prevent corrosion at the point of contact of pipe with the paving.

5.9.5 Sleeves made of steel pipe, or standard corrugated pipe, shall be used for lines 12
inch and smaller, crossing under truck roads and areas where concentrated loads
may occur. In all cases, the sleeve shall be two nominal pipe sizes larger than the
protected line, except that minimum clearance between pipe and sleeve shall be 40
mm. External corrosion protection shall be applied to the sleeve.

5.10 Vents, Drains

All drains and vents shall be no smaller than 3/4 inch.

5.10.1 High points of lines shall be provided with vent connections. Vent connections shall
be located, where possible, in accessible locations adjacent to platforms or structural
members.

5.10.2 Drains shall be provided at all low points of the system. Drains shall be provided at
each point where liquid might form above a control or shutoff valve during
operation, shutdown, and cleaning or steaming out.

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5.10.3 All drains emptying into open funnels shall terminate approximately 50 mm above
the top of the funnel.

5.10.4 Where control valves are bypassed, valved drain connections shall be provided both
up and downstream between the control valve and the block valves.

5.10.5 Drains and vents shall be threaded connections provided with solid steel bar stock
plugs unless piped to drain receptacles.

5.10.6 Valve drains shall be provided for the following:

Upstream side of control valves for corrosive and hot process services.

Above all block or check valves in vertical steam, acid or caustic lines.

5.11 Line Strainers

5.11.1 Temporary conical type strainers shall be provided in pump suction lines for use
during start-up. Piping shall be arranged to facilitate removal.

5.11.2 Permanent Y-type strainers shall be used on 2" and smaller screwed or socket weld
pump suction piping.

5.11.3 Temporary basket type strainers shall be provided and located as near as possible to
the compressor inlet flange, for start-up for centrifugal compressors. Piping shall be
arranged to facilitate removal of the strainer.

5.12 In-Line Instruments

5.12.1 Relief valves shall be accessible. Wherever feasible, they should be located at
platforms, which are functional for other purposes. Relief valves with a centreline
elevation over 4.5 m (15') above high point of finish surface (except in pipeways)
shall be accessible from a special platform or permanent ladder.

5.12.2 Relief valves discharging to a closed system shall normally be installed higher than
the collection header. There should be no pockets in the discharge line.

5.12.3 Control valves shall be accessible from grade or platforms. In general, they shall be
located in sight of instruments or indicators showing the variables they control.

5.12.4 Temperature test wells, thermocouples and temperature indicators, located less than
4.5 m above high point finish surface, shall be accessible from grade or a portable

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ladder. Those located in a pipeway shall be considered accessible by a portable

ladder. Those located over 4.5 m above high point of finish surface shall be
accessible from a platform or permanent ladder.

Temperature indicators shall be visible from grade, ladder or platform.

6. PERSONNEL PROTECTION

6.1 Eye wash and/or emergency showers shall be provided in areas where operating personnel
are subject to hazardous sprays or spills, such as acid, caustic, etc. These items shall be
indicated on the P&ID's.

6.2 Personnel protection shall be provided at non-insulated lines and equipment operation above
60 ºC (140ºF), when they constitute a hazard to the operators during normal operating
routine. Lines which are infrequently used such as relief valve discharges do not require
insulation.

7.0. PROCEDURES TO BE USED IN DRAWINGS AND DESIGN

7.1 Piping Drawings

Piping drawings, plans, sections and details shall include all the pipes with details that show
their routes, availability to expand, connections to process equipment, pipe supports and
accessories.

7.2 Identification Marks

The identification of the line pipes shall be shown in the piping drawings with symbols and
letters contiguous to the lines as many times as needed to permit to have a clear definition
about all their extension. Each line shall be clearly marked with the diameter, fluid content,
number of the installation or of the area and material class of the pipe.

Process lines shall be identified with the area number where they start and they shall keep
that number when they cross other areas.

The identification of service lines shall be similar to process lines.

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 CODELCO CHILE

DIVISION CHUQUICAMATA

SUBGERENCIA PROYECTOS

CD3-00I

DESIGN CRITERIA
FOR
PIPING

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION APPROVED

Nº
E&D S.G.P.
0 FEB'94 FIRST ISSUE
1 AUG'94 GENERAL REVISION
2 OCT'00 GEN. REV.