STATISTICS INDONESIA

IMPLEMENTASI MOBILE
POSITIONING DATA
Mobile Positioning Data for Inbound, Domestic
and Outbound Tourism

BPS – Statistics Indonesia

Titi Kanti Lestari

18 Desember 2020 1
INTRODUCTION
 In Indonesia, the National Priority and SDG
Targets have been set up
 Three SDGs indicators were related to Tourism
 There are data gaps and data availability, in
terms of coverage, granularity (sub-national),
frequency, timeliness
 Mobile Positioning Data is used fill in the gaps

2
meanwhile…
Qualified and trusted statistics &
indicators have to be provided
Policymakers
More granular, frequent & timely for
They need data to for
monitoring SDGs and other purposes
monitoring, policy making etc.

Society MPD
They need trusted data

“I am so helpful… ”
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The World is Becoming Increasingly Connected
 FILL IN THE GAPS
Use of Mobile Positioning Data for Inbound, Domestic and Outbound Tourism

 Immigration data available for official gates

Inbound  Arrival/Departure Card are no longer available
 Mobile Positioning Data (MPD) used to increase coverage, granularity for tourism

Domestic  Household survey is only conducted every years and only province level (no municipalities)
 MPD used for domestic tourism, monthly and all municipalities

 Immigration data available for official gates

Outbound  Arrival/Departure Card are no longer available
 Mobile Positioning Data (MPD) used to increase coverage, country of destination, origin
(municipalities)
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 Benefit of Using Mobile Positioning Data
Increase Coverage Granular Data

Mobile phone data is used to increase More granular data, such as

the coverage and data quality. municipality and sub-district

More frequent data Timely

Annual data for monitoring More timely data.

Less burden Less labour

Less work and respondent burden Less manual labour

(enumerators)
Cost Effective
Less budget
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Data Collection for Tourism Statistics during Covid-19

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Tourism Barometer October 2010- UNWTO
INBOUND TOURISM
NO IMMIGRATION SERVICE IN BORDER AREA
STATISTICS INDONESIA
INBOUND TOURISM
BPS rely on the Immigration Record and Border Survey for
Inbound.
Problems of timeliness and coverage
Under Coverage :
 Not All Border Gates have 24/7 Immigration service
 Not All Borders have border gates
 Border Survey is too expensive and can not be done in all unattended
gates (Latest Cross Border Survey 2016 can only be done in 16
kabupatens)

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STATISTICS INDONESIA
LIMITATION OF MOBILE POSITIONING DATA

Lack of Qualitative Data (such as purpose of visits,

accommodation type).

Expenditure.

Mobile phone usage (mobile phone usage

behaviour).

Small data (survey data) is required to obtain data that can

not be provided by mobile positioning data
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 STATISTICS INDONESIA
INBOUND TOURISM

INBOUND TOURISM 2019

1.600
Thousands

1.400
1.200
1.000
800
600
400
200
-
Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19 Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-19 Nov-19 Dec-19
Immigration MPD
13
STATISTICS INDONESIA
INBOUND TOURISM

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STATISTICS INDONESIA
INBOUND TOURISM

15
STATISTICS INDONESIA
INBOUND TOURISM

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STATISTICS INDONESIA
EVENT ANALYSIS
USE IN MODELLING IMPACT TO THE ECONOMY

MPD is then use as one of the input for the CGE model to measure the economic
impact of Asian Games to Indonesia’s economy and to local economy (DKI Jakarta and
South Sumatera
Based on the simulation,
the economic impact to Indonesia’s economy is not large (0,05%), however
the impact on the local economy is significant (0,22% for DKI Jakarta and 0,54% for
South Sumatera).
There is impact on employment (0,22% for DKI Jakarta and 0,31% for South Sumatera)

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Event Analysis Asian Games
DOMESTIC TOURISM
STATISTICS INDONESIA
INTRODUCTION

 BPS-Statistics Indonesia never published domestic tourism

data at Regency/City level due to sample sufficiency,
expensive and huge work burden, while the data became
more important and demanding by policy maker and
business.
 Pilot in 2018 and 2019, compared household (conventional)
survey for domestic tourism with Mobile Positioning Data and
digital survey.
 Digital survey is conducted to overcome limitation of MPD
such as no expenditure data, no motivation. Digital survey
was conducted using selected sample indicated by Mobile
Position Data
 BPS expects to substitute surveys with timely and more
accurate digital data collection in the future (hopefully)

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STATISTICS INDONESIA
INTRODUCTION

DOMESTIC TOURISM WITH MOBILE POSITIONING DATA (MPD)

AND DIGITAL SURVEY (PILOT)

Coverage : 190 million subscribers, all Indonesia

Time reference : Monthly
Output : O-D Matrix of 514 kabupaten/city
Expenditure data : Digital survey 50.000 travellers
Estimation : Other MNO subscribers & non cellular user from
conventional household survey

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STATISTICS INDONESIA
DOMESTIC TOURISM
DOMESTIC TOURISM, ORIGIN YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE & REGENCY LEVEL DESTINATION
JANUARI 2018,

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 STATISTICS INDONESIA
DOMESTIC TOURISM
20 Besar Kab/Kota Tujuan Yang Sering Dikunjungi Warga Jogja, 2019
400.000

350.000

300.000

250.000

200.000

150.000

100.000

50.000

-
KOTA YOGYAKARTA

CILACAP
KEBUMEN
MAGELANG

KLATEN
KOTA SEMARANG

SUKOHARJO
SLEMAN

KOTA SURABAYA

KOTA BANDUNG
BANTUL

PURWOREJO

WONOGIRI

WONOSOBO
KULON PROGO

KOTA SURAKARTA

BANYUMAS

KARANGANYAR

KOTA JAKARTA SELATAN

GUNUNG KIDUL

3401 3402 3403 3404 3471 Total

Kulon Progo Bantul Gn. Kidul Sleman Kota Yogyakarta DI Yogyakarta 24
 STATISTICS INDONESIA
DOMESTIC TOURISM
20 Besar Kab/Kota Asal Yang Sering Mengunjungi Jogja, 2019
600.000

500.000

400.000

300.000

200.000

100.000

BANYUMAS
MAGELANG
KOTA SEMARANG

SUKOHARJO
KLATEN

BOGOR
SLEMAN

KOTA YOGYAKARTA

KOTA BANDUNG

KOTA DEPOK

SIDOARJO
BANTUL

KOTA SURABAYA

PURWOREJO
KOTA BEKASI

BEKASI
KOTA JAKARTA SELATAN

KOTA JAKARTA TIMUR

KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN

GUNUNG KIDUL

3401 3402 3403 3404 3471 Total

Kulon Progo Bantul Gn. Kidul Sleman Kota Yogyakarta DI Yogyakarta
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OUTBOUND TOURISM
Introduction
• Outbound tourism data was previously obtained from immigration and cross border survey
• There is limitation in the data, as we did not know the destination country of outbound travel.
This data is needed for analysis and calculation of international trade in services
• Some gates in Indonesia do not have immigration checkpoints or they were not open 24/7
• Border Survey is too expensive and can not be done in all unattended gates and can not be done
every year
• There is no information on the place of origin of the outbound travelers. This data is required to
gauge the development of an area
• Now, the data sources for outbound tourism are from immigration data (passport level check-ins
for every entry/exit), mobile positioning data (MPD), digital survey done through SMS, and
telephone interviews (CAPI)
What Once Was Lost, Now It’s Found
Total Outbound Tourism in 2019, Immigration and MPD

Ca 10% addition
to outbound
tourism numbers,
mostly due to
cross-border
areas, where
immigration
points do not
record all travel
Final Destination
Percentage of Outbound Tourism Trips by Country of Destination, 2019
40

• Immigration data can not 35

35,46

give country of destination

30

• Here, using MPD we can

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know that 35.5 percent went

%
to Malaysia, 18.4 to 20 18,40

Singapore and 12.5 to Saudia 15

12,54
Arabia
10

• Many Indonesians go to 4,92 4,77 4,26

7,10

5 3,31
Saudi Arabia for pilgrimage 1,94 1,76 1,60 0,98
0,91 0,73 0,70 0,62
(Hajj and Umrah) 0

Singapura
Malaysia

Lainnya
Taiwan
Thailand

Jepang

Hong Kong
Korea Selatan

Viet Nam
China

Amerika Serikat
Saudi Arabia

Filipina
Timor Leste

Australia

Uni Emirat Arab

The Further You Go, The LongerYou Stay
Average length of stay, 2019
• Immigration data can only give 12

10,67 10,99
total length of stay 10

• Through MPD we can also know 8,63

the length of stay in the country of 8

7,24 7,21
6,89 6,85

HARI
destination. The longest length of 6,40
5,87 5,73
6 5,48
stay were to the US 11 days, then 4,71 4,65
to Saudi Arabia 10.7 days (short 4
4,09
3,68
3,17
and long Hajj) 3,02

• The average length of stay was 5.5 2

days
0
 Where Are They From?
Origin Province of Outbound, 2019 Per Capita Expenditure (PPP) in some Provinces

Jawa Tengah Lainnya

19,91% Adjusted Per capita Expenditure
3,48%
Nusa No. Province (million IDR)/year
DKI Jakarta
Tenggara
17,55% 2018 2019
Timur
4,56% 1. DKI Jakarta 18 (1) 18.5 (1)
Riau Riau Islands 2. Riau Island 14 (2) 14.5 (2)
4,75% 11,30%
3. West Java 10.8 11.2
Banten
5,70% 4. East Java 11.4 11.7
5. North Sumatera 10.4 10.6
Kalimantan
Barat 6 West Kalimantan 8.9 9.1
Sumatera West Java
5,72%
Utara East Jawa 10,93%
7,75% 8,34%
Immigration data can not provide the origin of outbound. It can only provide the departure gate of
the outbound. Using MPD we can also know the province of origin of the outbound.
DKI Jakarta has the highest percentage of outbound (17.6%), followed by Riau Islands, West Java, and
East Java with 11.3%, 11%, and 8.3%. If we compare with per capita expenditure (PPP), DKI Jakarta
has the highest per capita expenditure, followed by Riau Islands, which are near Singapore.
 THANK
YOU
Titi Kanti Lestari
titi@bps.go.id

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