Class : Q05.

1
Group : 1

ENGLISH ARTICLE ASSIGMENT

Group Members :
1. Najma Fairuza (F14190038)
2. Abigail Euginia Gunarso (F24190104)
3. Azava Namira (F44190008)
4. Irham Fauzi (F44190022)
5. Aryo seto Ramadhan (G14190060)

Bogor
PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KOMPETENSI UMUM
2020
 'Crazy beast' lived among last of dinosaurs

A cat-sized mammal dubbed "crazy beast" lived on Madagascar among some of the last
dinosaurs to walk the Earth, scientists have revealed.The 66-million-year-old fossil is described
in the journal Nature.Its discovery challenges previous assumptions that mammals were
generally very small - the size of mice - at this point in their evolutionary history.

Researchers say this individual animal weighed 3kg (6.6lbs) and had not reached its full
adult size.Scientists think that the badger-like creature, known as Adalatherium hui, would
have burrowed.It had a large collection of nerves in the snout, making this area extremely
sensitive - a feature frequently seen in burrowing animals. Before mammals took over the Earth,
they probably had to run and hide from the much larger dinosaurs that ruled our planet - not to
mention other predators.The fossil specimen was found in 1999 in north-west Madagascar's
Mahajanga Basin.

It is the most complete and best-preserved mammal find from Gondwana - an ancient
southern supercontinent that once included India and Africa - during the time of the
dinosaurs.However, when this mammal was alive, Gondwana was breaking up, and
Madagascar had already become an island.The team members think Adalatherium would have
faced different types of predator, as well as different food sources, on the island to mammals
living on the mainland. This may have led to the animal evolving its large size.

The very complete specimen gives scientists a rare insight into a branch of mammals -
known as Gondwanatherians - that have now gone extinct.The name "Adalatherium" is translated
from the Malagasy and Greek languages and means "crazy beast".Its discovery "bends and even
breaks lots of rules", said David Krause of Denver Museum of Nature and Science, who led the
research

Source : https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-52465584
1. Topic Sentence/main idea/controlling idea (2 items)
A cat-sized mammal dubbed "crazy beast" lived on Madagascar among some of the last
dinosaurs to walk the Earth, scientists have revealed.

2. Pronoun Reference (2 items)

 …at this point intheir evolutionary history (line 4).
Their refer to mamals
 ...who led the research(line 22)
Who refer to David Krause

3. Vocabulary (3 items)
 The word ‘Gondwanatherians’ in line 19 probably means ‘a rare insight into a
branch of mammals’ with using ‘known as’ as the context clue.
 The suffix ‘-ist’ in the word ‘scientists’ in line 2 means ‘someone who conducts
research to advance knowledge in an are of interest’.
 Synonym in the word ‘Adalatherium’ in line 19 is ‘crazy beast’.

4. Parts of Speech (2 items)

 The word ‘think’ in line 6 is a VERB
 The word ‘rare’ in line 18 is a ADJECTIVE

5. Verb Tenses and Time Markers (3 items)

 The fossil specimen was found in 1999 in north-west Madagascar's Mahajanga Basin
(line 10). The phrase “was found” is in the form of SIMPLE PAST TENSE and the
word “in 1999” is the time marker.
 when this mammal was alive, …. (line 14). The word “was” is in the form of
SIMPLE PAST TENSE and the word “when” is the time marker
 Before mammals took over the Earth,… (line 8). The word “took” is in the form of
SIMPLE PAST TENSE and the word “before” is the time marker.

6. Noun Phrase and Passive Voice (2 items)

 The sentence “The fossil specimen was found in 1999 in north-west Madagascar's
Mahajanga Basin” in line 10 is a Passive Voice, indicate by the verb phrase “was
found”.
 The phrase “The very complete specimen” in line 18 is a NOUN PHRASE

7. Sub-clauses (3 items)
 The clause ‘However, when this mammal was alive, Gondwana was breaking up,
and Madagascar had already become an island.’ in line 14 is a NOUN CLAUSE.
 The clause ‘..said David Krause of Denver Museum of Nature and Science, who led
the research’ in line 22 is a ADJECTIVE CLAUSE.
  The clause ‘Scientists think that the badger-like creature, known as Adalatherium
would have burrowed.’ in line 6 is an NOUN CLAUSE.

8. Transitional Markers (3 items)

 The word “However” in line 14 is a transitional marker to indicate CONTRAST
 The word “As well as” in line 16 is a transitional marker to indicate ADDITION
 The word “During” in line 13 is a transitional marker to indicate TIME
 What factors affect climate?
There are 5 factors which affect climate. These are summarised below.

Latitude
Temperature range increases with distance from the equator. Also, temperatures decrease as you
move away from the equator. This is because the suns rays are dispersed over a larger area of
land as you move away from the equator. This is due to the curved surface of the Earth.

Altitude
Temperatures decrease with height. The air is less dense and cannot hold heat as easily. The
temperature usually decreases by 1°C for every 100 metres in altitude.

Winds
If winds have been blown from a hot area they will raise temperatures. If winds have been blown
from cold areas they will lower temperatures. In the UK, winds originating from the south tend
to be warm whereas those from the north bring cold air. Air masses have a significant influence
on the climate of the UK.

Distance from the sea (continentality)

Land heats and cools faster than the sea. Therefore coastal areas have a lower temperature range
than those areas inland. On the coast winters are mild and summers are cool. In inland areas,
temperatures are high in the summer and cold in the winter. Although London and Moscow are
on similar lines of latitude London experiences much milder winters and cooler summers than
Moscow as it is located closer to the sea.

Aspect
Slopes facing the sun are warmer than those that are not. Therefore, south-facing slopes in the
northern hemisphere are usually warm. However, slopes facing north in the southern hemisphere
are warmest.
Source : https://www.internetgeography.net/topics/what-factors-affect-climate/
DIAGRAM