Rocks

A. True or False

_____ 1. When a rock changes from one type to another, it usually happens very quickly.

_____ 2. One type of rock can change to any other type of rock.

_____ 3. All the processes of the rock cycle take place underground.

_____ 4. A rock formed from pieces of gravel and sand would be classified as an igneous
rock.

_____ 5. A rock resulting from the formation of mineral crystals would be classified as a
sedimentary rock.

_____ 6. Sedimentary rocks include sandstone and shale.

B. MCQ

1. Major types of rocks include

a) sedimentary rocks.
b) metamorphic rocks.
c) igneous rocks.
d) all of the above

2. Which rocks may form on Earth’s surface?

a) sedimentary rocks
b) metamorphic rocks
c) igneous rocks
d) two of the above

3. Weathering and erosion occur because of the actions of

a) ice.
b) wind.
c) water.
d) all of the above

4. The process in which sedimentary rocks form begins with

a) erosion.
b) deposition.
c) weathering.
 d) compaction.

5. The rock called limestone forms when shells of sea organisms settle to the bottom of
the water and gradually become pressed and cemented together. Which type of rock is
limestone?

a) igneous
b) metamorphic
c) sedimentary
d) none of the above
Weathering The Earth’s Minerals
A. True or false

_____ 1. Natural weathering is usually a very slow process.

_____ 2. Grains of sands are weathered particles of rock.

_____ 3. Agents of mechanical weathering include wind and gravity.

_____ 4. Water is an agent of both mechanical and chemical weathering.

B. Questions & Answers

1. What is weathering? What do weathered rocks eventually become?

2. Define
a) physical weathering
b) chemical weathering
c) biological weathering
3. Describe any two processes of physical weathering
4. Identify agents of chemical weathering.
Natural Resources
A. Read this passage based on the text and answer the questions that follow.

Types of Energy Resources

Energy resources can be put into one of two categories: nonrenewable or renewable.
Nonrenewable resources are used faster than they can be replaced. In contrast, renewable
resources can be replaced as quickly as they are used or are so abundant that they will never
run out.

The most widely used nonrenewable energy resources today are fossil fuels. Fossil fuels
include coal, oil, and natural gas. Millions of years ago, plants and other living things used
energy from the sun to form carbon compounds. Over millions of years, these compounds
were transformed into coal, oil, or natural gas. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because they
take so long to form. We will use up most fossil fuels in a matter of decades. Burning fossil
fuels also releases large amounts of pollutants into the air and releases the greenhouse gas
carbon dioxide.

Renewable energy resources include solar, water, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy. The
sun will continue to shine for billions of years, so solar energy will not run out no matter how
much we use. Water naturally flows from higher to lower places, and wind naturally blows
from areas of higher to lower pressure. We can use moving water and wind to generate
electricity, and we can count on wind and water to continue to move. Wood, which can be
burned to produce heat and light, is one source of biomass energy. Grain plants can be used
to make biofuels, another source of biomass energy. Biomass resources are renewable
because we can plant more trees or other plants to replace the ones we use. Geothermal
energy is the energy of hot rocks beneath Earth’s surface. It can be used to heat water and
generate electricity. Like solar energy, geothermal energy will last for billions of years.

Questions

1. How do renewable resources differ from non renewable resources?

2. What are drawbacks of using fossil fuels for energy?
3. Identify three renewable energy resources. Explain why each of these energy
resources is renewable.
Alternative Energy
A. Questions & Answers
1. Describe the following:
a) Geothermal energy
b) Nuclear energy
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of:
a) Solar power energy
b) Hydro-electrical energy