LJ Diane C.

Tuazon STS 1: Week 1 Evaluation

BSAIS – 2A August 20, 2020

REFLECTION

1. Why is STS called ‘Science, Technology, and Society,’ and not ‘Science and
Technology and Village’, or ‘Science and Technology and Community’, or even ‘Science
and Technology and Tribe’?

➢ Let define first what is the meaning of village, community, and tribe before answering
why it is called “Science, Technology, and Society.” According to the discussion or
said by Santillan (2020), community has a smaller scope than society, village refers to
the group of houses or buildings either in town or city, and tribe is smaller than village
but it has long-existing culture, tradition, custom, and tribal laws. Meanwhile, society
is larger than the community, village, and tribe that is why society is a large group of
people who live together. They make decisions, share the work, and have a common
culture or laws. Science and Technology need a large group of people to acquire
different views and try their invention so that their research has substantial data. They
need people who have different opinions to answer the “what, when, who, why, where,
and how” in their research or invention. Being limited in dealing with science and
technology is a big “NO” because it brings limited data and limited experience.
Development will be delay if that happens, the progress of humanity will be at stake!
Hence, STS should be called “Science, Technology, and Society” since a lot of people
are required to participate even though we don’t know who emerges first but they said
STS appears simultaneously.

2. From the list of inventions or discoveries related to your course that you previously
created in the Activity part, how does item in your list qualify to be relevant to your
course? Present your table and your reason for each item.

Course: BS Accountancy
Relevant inventions and discoveries in history for my course:

Date Invention or Discovery Present Reasons

Invention
Ancient Times
3000 First written languages are Digital pens; It is use in recording the
BCE developed by the Sumerian people Typewriters Financial Statements or
of southern Mesopotamia (part of needed documents in
modern Iraq) accounting.
~2500 Ancient Egyptians produce papyrus, Paper It is use in recording the
BCE a crude early version of paper Financial Statements or
needed documents in
accounting.
c1700 Semites of the Mediterranean Digital pens It is use in recording the
BCE develop the alphabet Financial Statements or
needed documents in
accounting.
600 Thales of Miletus discovers static Electricity In this era, Computers or
BCE electricity any gadgets requires
LJ Diane C. Tuazon STS 1: Week 1 Evaluation
BSAIS – 2A August 20, 2020
electricity to do any
accounting reports.
105 Ts'ai Lun makes the first paper in Paper It is use in recording the
CE China Financial Statements or
needed documents in
accounting.
Middle Ages
1450 Johannes Gutenberg pioneers the Printing It is use in recording the
modern printing press, using Financial Statements or
rearrangeable metal letters called needed documents in
movable type accounting.
18th Century
1703 Gottfried Leibniz pioneers the Computers It is relevant because
binary number system now used in accounting reports or
virtually all computers document can be done
through computers.
19th Century
1800 Italian Alessandro Volta makes the Batteries Calculators is needed
first battery (known as a Voltaic when doing accounting
pile) stuff so it means batteries
is necessity.
1803 Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier Paper It is use in recording the
develop the papermaking machine Financial Statements or
needed documents in
accounting.
1840s Scotsman Alexander Bain invents a Fax machines It is use to send files (e.g.
primitive fax machine based on financial statement)
chemical technology electronically
1868 Christopher Latham Sholes invents Typewriters When using desktop, you
the modern typewriter and need typewriter so it is
QWERTY keyboard relevant
1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the Telephones To use when emergency
telephone, though the true occurs, to communicate
ownership of the invention remains when there’s something
controversial even today wrong in the documents,
but the person in-charge
is not working.
20th Century
1930s Laszlo and Georg Biro pioneer the Digital pens It is use in recording the
modern ballpoint pen Financial Statements or
needed documents in
accounting.
1938 Chester Carlson invents the Photocopiers It is use in recording the
principle of photocopying Financial Statements or
(xerography) needed documents in
accounting.
1945 Arthur C. Clarke conceives the idea Satellites Without satellites, you
of the communications satellite, a can use telephone that’s
space-based signal "mirror" that can why it is essential
LJ Diane C. Tuazon STS 1: Week 1 Evaluation
BSAIS – 2A August 20, 2020
bounce radio waves from one side of
Earth to the other
1966 Robert H. Dennard of IBM invents Computer To save files or
dynamic random access memory memory documents
(DRAM)
1969 World's first solar power station Solar cells; It is use in calculator
opened in France Energy
1960s Douglas Engelbart develops the Computer When using desktop, you
computer mouse mouse need mouse to navigate
so it is relevant
1973 Martin Cooper develops the first Cellphones To use when emergency
handheld cellphone (mobile phone) occurs, to communicate
when there’s something
wrong in the documents,
but the person in-charge
is not working.
1973 Robert Metcalfe figures out a simple Computer Without internet, you can
way of linking computers together networks; do and send files or
that he names Ethernet. Most Internet documents.
computers hooked up to the Internet
now use it
1981 Fujio Masuoka files a patent for Flash memory To save files or
flash memory—a type of reusable documents
computer memory that can store
information even when the power is
off
1989 Tim Berners-Lee invents the World World Wide It is used to search
Wide Web Web something that you don’t
know
1994 Israeli computer scientists Alon VoIP To use when emergency
Cohen and Lior Haramaty invent occurs, to communicate
VoIP for sending telephone calls when there’s something
over the Internet wrong in the documents,
but the person in-charge
is not working.
21st Century
2001 Bram Cohen develops BitTorrent BitTorrent To share the files or
file-sharing documents
2007 Amazon.com launches its Kindle Electronic It is used to study or
electronic book (e-book) books references
2007 Apple introduces a touchscreen Cellphone It is multi-purpose, it can
cellphone called the iPhone touchscreens be used as calculator, do
reports or documents or
use to communicate
2010 Apple releases its touchscreen tablet Computer It is multi-purpose, it can
computer, the iPad touchscreens be used as calculator, do
reports or documents or
use to communicate
LJ Diane C. Tuazon STS 1: Week 1 Evaluation
BSAIS – 2A August 20, 2020
2015 Supercomputers (the world's fastest Supercomputers It makes accounting
computers) are now a mere 30 times easier, no manual
less powerful than human brains computing
2019 Google claims to have achieved Quantum It makes accounting
"quantum supremacy"— with a computers easier, no manual
quantum computer that calculates computing
faster than a conventional one

3. Did this pandemic (COVID-19) cause a paradigm shift? Explain from the
perspective of science, technology, and society.

➢ Indeed, this crisis call for a paradigm shift in Science, Technology, and Society. In
science, this pandemic has provoked unprecedented measures worldwide, which have
often been adopted in an “emergency” mode. It requires seeing the bigger health picture
which causes to adopt a system approach in health conditions such as preventive health
policies. It causes the scientist to make a solution, a vaccine to eliminate this virus, it
brings a new world to science.
➢ From the perspective of technology, COVID-19 needs a systematic approach.
Technology brings different ways on how to spread the policies and news to prevent
people to be infected. It is the avenue where scientists or people in the science
department can use technology to research the virus and to make a vaccine effectively.
Previously, we use technology if we want to but nowadays it is a must to use technology
whether you buy food, clothes, necessities, and others.
➢ Paradigm Shift in Society is what I experience the most, why? Because it changed the
way on how we think and do. It caused major changes in our life, we can not think the
usual ways we used to be, it was replaced by “new normal” and different ways. In the
view of education, the formerly face to face class is nowhere and it is being replaced
by online class. Mostly, jobs or works are done in-home not in a working place
anymore. Health workers or the front liners stake their lives to save people, people are
worrying and starving due to this pandemic. Everyone is adjusting to this situation.
Hence, what we see in science, technology, and society is the evidence that there’s a
paradigm shift happening in the world.