NAYS Newsletter June 2011

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43 10
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June 2011 Issue
Promoting Science
http;//www.nays.com.pk
ABOUT THIS ISSUE News corner
NAYS Newsletter team is devoted to provide
10
you quality information from the science all NAYS & SCIFORUM arranged an
around Pakistan and the World. Our Editorial essay competition ''Fiction of
today is the fact of tomorrow''.
Contents
board is trying its best to include all possible

data which could be of any interest to our The results have been
young scientists. We have introduced some announced.
Winners of essays in English
new things in this issue. A good thing about
1st Place: Zaeema Khan (University of
this edition is that for the first time ever it is
Punjab), Lahore
designed by NAYS IT department.
Winners of essays in Urdu
1st Place: Azmat Ali (Virtual
University), Bhakkar-Punjab
21
Science for Youth (S4Y)
A project of Science for youth to
Biology Corner motivate students
15
Cloning: Should be or not? National Academy of Young Scientists
Decide yourself (NAYS) is going to start a project of
Cloning is the development of genetically Science for youth to motivate students at
identical young ones to their parents, school and college level. This project is
First clone was a lamb named Dolly,
an effort to encourage our youth
which was developed by Ian Wilmut, in
1997. towards conceptual learning.
20
E Bulletin
Completed its one year
23
Biomaterials Science: An
Introduction to Materials in
The first step is always difficult and
Medicine
when it is taken you can always run
The development of biomaterials is not a
with any proceeding step. this was so
new area of science, having existed for
with NAYS E bulletin, when we
around half a century. The study of started it in Last year MAY 2010 we
biomaterials is called biomaterial could publish only one bulletin that
sciences. month,
Page | 2 Newsletter June 2011

June 2011 Issue
Promoting Science
42
Report on lecture and the
Meeting held in CEMB.
Information Technology
18
Introduction to the field of
Chief guest of the ceremony was Dr Product Data Management (PDM)
Gulzar A. Niazi and Aftab Ahmed
Contents
(President of NAYS, Pakistan) The reason of choosing this field for the
presided the ceremony. The today’s narration is, I personally feel that
presenter of the ceremony was unfortunately despite of the many
Syyada Samra Jafri (Coordinator of benefits, heavy ongoing research and
Naye Chirag) development this field could not become
the centre of attention like some other
fields e.g. Artificial Intelligence, Semantic
43
NAYS Regional Meeting
Web, Machine Learning etc.
(Lahore Region)
Chemistry Corner
A meeting of NAYS officials was at
27
Stereochemical features of sugars
CEMB,Lahore. Aftab Ahmed (President
NAYS, Pakistan) presided the meeting. He and health
congratulated and appreciated all the
organizers of the lecture organized in Macromolecular assemblies
CEMB containing sugar chains in their
backbone structure are associated
with the physiology of cellular
organelles, whole cells and organs.
Naeay Charagh
40 Announcement
32
Mrs. Saman Majeed
As we live in an S&T-driven world, there

is dire need to have the learned people Naeay Charagh is the leading program in
who can communicate the complex collaboration with Global Science
ideas/ concepts of science and Pakistan (www.globalscience.com.pk) for
technology emerging creative talent.

June 2011 Issue
Promoting Science
Editorial Report Eminent Scientist Biography
08
Personalized Medicine: Dr. Noor Muhammad Butt
The Right Drug to the Right
Patient
39
He has published over 160 research
Contents
Using new methods of molecular and

papers in the above-mentioned areas.
genetic analysis to better manage a
Professor Butt has lectured and
patient’s disease or predisposition to
presented Research Papers in
disease is likely to change the way
conferences in over 25 countries in
drugs are discovered and medicines
the East and West.
are prescribed. Rational drugs save
millions of lives a year
NAYS Survey
37
World Environment day 2011
45 Report on “HEC Dissolution”
It was not before June 1972 when Education plays the same role in the
United Nations organized a progress of a nation as the backbone
conference on the Human plays in our body. If a good education
Environment. This took place from 5- policy helps to build a nation strong than
16 June 1972 and among many things a bad education policy does the same for
one of the important thing decided its destruction.
was to celebrate the World
Environment Day every year with a NAYS Message
different them and different city and
country.
47 Challenge
Believe

June 2011 Issue
Promoting Science
Editor in Chief Sub Editor Sub Editor
Mr. Muhammad Ilyas Ms. Aneela Yasmeen Mr. Ghulam Ali
University of the Punjab, Lahore Research Officer, CEMB, LHR. Punjab University, Lahore
Email: editor@nays.com.pk Email: sub-editor@nays.com Email: ghulamali_pu@yahoo.com
rahibhussain@gmail.com
Leadership Area Editors
Patron Biological Science
Muhammad Sajjad Biological Sciences
Prof. Dr. Anwar Nasim Ms. Abida Shehzadi
Adviser Science, Punjab University, Lahore
Research Officer, CEMB, LHR.
COMSTECH/COMSTECH sajjad@nays.com.pk
abida@cemb.edu.pk
advisersc@comstech.org
Biomedical Science Biomedical Sciences
President Dr Aftab Iqbal Dr Farooq Azam Rathore
Mr. Aftab Ahmad Chatha Harvard School of Public Health C M Hospital Pano Aqil
aftab.iqbal@fulbrightmail.org farooqrathore@gmail.com
School of Biological Sciences,
Punjab University
president@nays.com.pk Chemistry Chemistry
Dr. M. Najam-ul-Haq Dr. Ejaz Ahmed
Vice President Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU) University of the Punjab
bzunajam@yahoo.com dr.ejaz.ahmed@gmail.com
Dr. S. M. Shahid
KIBGE),University of Karachi
Computer Science
vice-president@nays.com.pk Computational Sciences
Dr. Abdus Saboor
Kohat University of Science & Technology Mr. Mubashir Hussain
Coordinators saboorhangu@gmail.com University Frankfurt/Main, Germany
mh_choudary@hotmail.com
Chief Coordinator Physics
Mr. Zaighum Abbas Mr. Muhammad Hanif Engineering Sciences
University of Nottingham, UK Nanotechnology, Sweden Mr. Mubeen Shahid
chief-coordinator@nays.com.pk starpu_09@yahoo.coms
Institute of Mechanics, Ruhr
HR Manager University, Germany
Engineering sciences
Ms. Ambreen Gul mubeen@uet.edu.pk
Mr. Yawar Abbas Khan
Research Officer, PCSIR Labs, Lahore, Norwegian University of Science and
hrm@nays.com.pk Technology, Norway Physics
yawarabbas1302@hotmail.com Mr. Mudassar Mumtaz
Media Coordinator Sweden,
Shahbaz Aslam Information Technology mudassarmumtaz@yahoo.com
University of the Punjab Mr. Rahib Hussain
Shahbazaslam721@hotmail.com Iqra Univeristy, Karachi

June 2011 Issue
Promoting Science
University Coordinators
Fazal-Ur-Rehman Bhatti Mr. Hassan Riaz

CEMB, Lahore Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi
fazal_rehman81@hotmail.com phytodoctor@gmail.com
Dr. Syed Imran Ali Shah Ms. Maryam Noor

Central Park Medical College, Lahore Rawilpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi
immishah@yahoo.com maryam.malik28@yahoo.com
Mubeen Shahid Dr. Syed Ali Raza Naqvi

University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore Govt. College University, Faisalbad
mubeen@uet.edu.pk a_naqvi313@yahoo.com
Muhammad Jawad Hassan Mr. Khawar Jabran
University of Health Sciences, Lahore Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad
hassanraja12@hotmail.com khawarjabran@gmail.com
Dr. Tanveer Hussain Mr. Rahib Hussain

UVAS, Lahore Iqra University, Karachi
tanveer.hussain@uvas.edu.pk rahibhussain@gmail.com
Muhammad Zahir Iqbal Dr. M. Raza Shah

Govt. College University, Lahore HEJ,Karachi
zahir@fa.upc.edu raza_shahm@yahoo.com
Muhammad Ayub Naveed Mr. Sikander Khan Sherwani

Lahore College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology,
ayubnaveed@hotmail.com Karachi
sikander_biology@hotmail.com
Dr. Tanveer Hussain Mr. Osama Shoaib

UVAS, Lahore UOB, Quetta
tanveer.hussain@uvas.edu.pk osama.sohaib@gmail.com
Dr. Nayab Batool Ms. Rabia Zafar

University of the Punjab, Lahore Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta
riz.syed@ymail.com rabiaa.zafar@gmail.com

June 2011 Isse
Promoting Science
Muhammad Faheem Mr. Naveed Iqbal
NUST Center of Virology and Immunology, Uni-Coordinator for BUITEMS, Quetta
Islamabad naveed_shahab@yahoomail.com
mohammad_faheem2003@yahoo.com
Ahmad Ali Qureshi Mr. Dileep Kumar

Foundation university ,Isalambad Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology
aaq44pk@yahoo.com Khuzdar (BUETK)
dileep02sw25@hotmail.com
Mr. Muhammad Nawaz
Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad
nawaz85bio@gmail.com
Dr. Muhammad Wasif Malik
National Institute of Health, Islamabad
drwasifus@yahoo.com
Mr. Muhammad Aslam

SEECS- NUST, Islamabad
aslamchandio_qau@yahoo.com
Mr. Sohail khaliq

University of Gujrat
sohail_khaliq36@hotmail.com
Mr. Hussain Ali

Khyber PakhtunKkhwa Agricutlure University,
Peshawar.
hussaintanha@yahoo.com
Mr. Imran Ali

Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST),
Mirpur A.J.K.
aliimran96@yahoo.com
Mr. Hazir Rahman

KUST, Kohat
hazirrahman@hotmail.com

Editorial Report
Personalized Medicine:
The Right Drug to the Right Patient
Muhammad Ilyas
care system.
Editor-in-Chief
Personalized medicine uses information and data
from a patient’s genotype. This technique involves;
studying the level of gene expression to stratify
Using new methods of molecular and genetic
disease, selecting a medication, providing therapy
analysis to better manage a patient’s disease or
or initiate a preventive measure that is suitable to
predisposition to disease is likely to change the way
particular patient at the time of administration. The
drugs are discovered and medicines are prescribed.
use of new molecular analysis methods and
Rational drugs save millions of lives a year. Yet
bioinformatics to better manage a patient’s disease
there might be one drug which will not work for a
or predisposition to disease is likely to change the
patient, even if it works for others. Or it might
way drugs are discovered and medicines are
cause severe side effects for one person but not for
prescribed. This type of innovation is associated
someone else.
with considerable scientific uncertainty and
Why do medications act differently on different financial risk. However, the political and financial
people? systems that will support personalized medicine are
not yet aligned to allow these advances.
The Vice-president of Genetics “Allen Roses” at
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has admitted that most Personalized medicine could mean more effective
prescribed medicines do not work on most patients drugs with fewer side effects for the patients as
who take them. It is an open secret within the compared to other drugs. The healthcare system
companies that most of its drugs are useless for will be able to provide a more targeted drug
most of the patients but for the first time such therapy to the patients with less medication errors
news has gone public. After decoding the human and less costs for treatment of drug-related side
genome many ideas were developed to find the effect. With the development of biotechnology,
causes and cure of human diseases. The medical healthcare professionals are now familiar with the
application of this knowledge to individuals, leads fact that the same drug does not work in the same
to a new era of personalized medicine. Translating way in each patient. Some patients do not positively
this into benefits for patients and society will respond to the treatment. A large number of
create challenges and opportunities for the patients treated for different diseases do not
biomedical research, medical profession and health respond to prescribed drugs. The philosophy behind

Editorial Report
personalized medicine is that, every patient has a Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) at
unique genetic makeup and this should be utilized the National Institutes of Health (NIH) said that,
in the choice of medical treatment, resulting in “Personalized medicine has the potential to
improved efficacy and reduction of side effects. In revolutionize how we approach the prevention,
many ways personalized medicine can be diagnosis and treatment of all diseases. We are
regarded as the 21st century's answer for rational at the beginning of a journey that holds much
drug usage. With new molecular diagnostic promise, but it will require thoughtful research
methods, physicians will be provided an objective and vigorous debate among scientists, health-
improve medical treatment within a number of care professionals, ethicists, legal scholars,
disease areas. patient advocates and ordinary citizens to chart
the wisest course”.
Francis Collins, the Director of the National

News Corner
NAYS & SCIFORUM arranged an

essay competition ''Fiction of
today is the fact of tomorrow''.
The results have been announced.
Reported by: Editorial Team
Zaeema Khan (University of the Punjab), Lahore; Winners of essay

competition in English: 1st Place
Azmat Ali (Virtual University), Bhakkar, Punjab; Winners of essay
competition in Urdu: 1st Place
As you all might remember the deadline for We congratulate on behalf of all NAYS officials to all
essay submission was March, 31st. Since then the winners and appreciate all the participants on
the evaluation committee has reviewed all the putting their best for this competition.
submissions we have received and the decision As we promised that the winning essays will be
has been made. published in our upcoming newsletter so to fulfill
We apologize for announcing results few days our promise the essays are being published in this
late due to busy schedule of our evaluation issue
committee consisted of respected university
faculty including senior professors. Winner of essay in English: 1st Place: Zaeema Khan
Thanks to all who participated in the (University of Punjab), Lahore
competition and congratulations to the *Introduction of writer is on page 41
following prize winners!
Fiction of Today is the Fact of Tomorrow
Winners of essays in English
1st Place: Zaeema Khan (University of Punjab), I woke up in the morning and I took the same
Lahore old pills for headache that my entire family takes.
2nd Place: Nadia Naseer (NUST), Islamabad They work well on my sister, but they never relieved
3rd Place: Nosheen Saba (Virtual University) me of the throbbing pain in my temples due to over
Bahawalnagar studying. I look at the pills and I think,” I wish I had
my personalised medicines which would fit me like a
Winners of essays in Urdu glove”. I wonder when will pharmacogenomics help
1st Place: Azmat Ali (Virtual University), me personalize my medicines?
Bhakkar-Punjab Oh no! Another day of looking for my mobile.
2nd Place: Hasnain Raza (FAST-NUCES), Lahore I put it on silent and put it off for the night. How am I
3rd Place: Abdul Razaq (Virtual University), supposed to know where I put it? I will have to
Akora Khattak, Nowshera
News Corner
rummage through all my books and clothes and normal body cells.
find the little device without which adolescents There would be solar panels on every single
simply cannot survive. There should be a locator house in Pakistan, and people would never pay any
that recognizes my voice and whenever I say electricity bill, and even geysers and stoves would
“where is my mobile?” it should ring a tone heat water and cook food through solar energy. The
which can help me locate it. 9 months scorching heat of Pakistan would be a true
The prices of vegetables sky rocket once more blessing. Chlorofluorocarbon CFC free air
and I wish that there would be the perfect plant conditioners would be in every house and work by
varieties created by RNAi technology that could solar energy and the ozone layer would remain
rid all food crops from the virus mottles and intact and not be depleted. In less sunny areas, in
bottles, mosaics and curls and wilts and bunchy Gilgit, the northern areas, and windy terrains and
tops, and spotty diseases which sound very coastal areas, sophisticated wind turbines would be
funny but destroy crop yield horribly. installed to generate kinetic wind energy. Wind
I see my poor maid servant and her weak farms would be established onshore and offshore.
undernourished children. Perhaps one day all Science would advance to the point that
cattle will be only on high technology dairy physicist would be able to predict all lightning
farms fully equipped with automated milking strikes. Electricity would be directly harnessed from
machines, bio-gas plants and there would be no lightning and used in high power plants. Benjamin
open cattle in front of mud houses and havelis, Franklin's lightning detector would be revised and
looks growse, smells bad, and is a waste of upgraded to form a state of the art lightning
space and resources. Methanol would be detecting and transmitting the current to
provided to every village and farm. I believe one transformers and capacitors.
day the hormone BST (Bovine somatotropin) will Genetically Modified Food would be 100%
be given to all cows to increase their milk supply safe and extensively used to fill every empty
and not a single child in Pakistan would be stomach in the world. Famine would never occur in
hungry. the future world.
Now I contemplate and reflect at the Every human would be safe from viral and bacterial
speed at which technology is developing, my infections, HIV and Ebola virus vaccines would be
mind fills with the future perspectives and I created to boost the immunoglobulin levels and
enter the future through a portal in my brain. I provide sophisticated recognition mechanism and
see the future as many steps further from now destruction of any virus in the body. Discoveries of
with magnanimous achievement and now I remarkable antibiotics and indigenous plant
describe what I perceive. alkaloids from new plant species in Balochistan and
There would be a cure for all types of remote areas of Pakistan would facilitate the fight
cancer; a patient could get a dose of transgenic against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Deinococcus radiodurans bacteria which has the Solar powered cars and ethanol fuel cars
unique ability to repair damaged DNA by would be the only cars in Pakistan and petrol run
isolating the damaged segments in a controlled vehicles would be a part of history. In Sui gas
area and repairing it. It also has the ability to pipelines, the gas would all be consumed and petrol
repair many small fragments from an entire would be discovered at Sui, Instead of the Arab
chromosome, and can hence be used to cure nations it would be Pakistan that would be the
cancer cells and endure the radiation therapy world’s largest exporter of petrol.
given alongside and also protect n repair the Through the double understanding of genetic

News Corner
engineering and plant tissue culture, all plant farmers would be highly qualified and agricultural
species of the entire world would be able to be universities and schools of science and technology
cultured in vitro and super varieties of multiple would be established in every small town and village
pathogen resistant crops would be produced, of Pakistan. Universities of Kasur, Okara, Layyah,
which could resist all plant destroyers-insects, Haroonabad, Muree, Chitral, Swat, Hunza, Khost,
fungi and microbes. This fused biotechnology Sibi, Jacobabad, Nok Kundi, Sahiwal, Jhang, Chakwal
would also help produce enough young Gingko and Mianwali and so many more universities and
biloba trees that would be planted all over the research institutions of physical, technological,
country thus reducing the air pollution and toxic agricultural and biosiences in hundreds of other cites
gas emissions. Teak wood trees and best quality would be established. All mountainous mining areas
olive trees would be planted all over Pakistan thus of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan, and Gilgit-
making it the largest and finest furniture producer Baltistan would have world top class universities and
of the world. Advanced and modified Bt Cry toxin research centres of mining, gemology, geology and
gene would be inserted into all furniture wood geography, making them the richest and most
tress making them termite resistant. The prosperous areas of the world.
carpenters of Chiniot would use only the tissue Extensive coal mining in Thar would sparkle
cultured wood variety resistant to termites. Better the fate and economy of the entire country. There
yet through the same technology Pakistan would would be production of sufficient energy. Gold and
have the highest yield of sugarcane, cotton, copper mining in Reko Diq Balochistan would be so
wheat and rice. successful and outstanding that it would turn the
Stain resistant nanofibre technology cloth fate of not only Pakistanis but also of the entire
which is still developing in the world would be subcontinent region. Each year in every learning
worn by rich and poor alike. A stain of mango institution all gold medallists would receive 15 grams
juice or chutney would be wiped off clean and of actual gold.
washing clothes would be the easiest job in the Bullet fast trains would commute all over
world. Pakistan, and the prototype overhanging trains
All the garbage and rubbish in Pakistan underneath flyovers would be a common scene.
would be recycled. All hospital and industry waste Gilgit to Gwadar Swift Express would be the fastest
would be sterilized and detoxified before train service of the world.
disposing off. Automatic infrared and plastic Underwater museums, marine biology and
detectors would be installed in every nook and oceanography research institutions would be
corner of the world, so that whenever anyone established in Karachi, Gwadar, Ormara, Jiwani,
would discard waste on the street or parks, it Pasni and all other coastal areas of Pakistan.
would immediately be detected by an alarm thus Fisheries and Fish Farming research centres would
providing a fool proof mechanism for keeping the be established in all the coastal areas as well as in
environment clean. Composting of every organic the fresh water lakes of the country. Fisheries sector
material would take place in every city. Compost in Pakistan would be highly developed as a result of
would be used as fertilizers, and would be very awareness programmes and training institutes. All
cost effective. marine biologists of Pakistan would hail from these
Computerized home schooling would be currently underdeveloped areas.
available to all children of Pakistan and of the I know that all of this may appear a dream an
world. Scientific knowledge would be widespread impossible scenario, but you must know that nothing
through schools and awareness workshops, is impossible against the speed of scientific

News Corner
advancement. Hard work, perseverance, relentless
effort and a burning desire to achieve our goals
can truly paint this picture of the future. The
Quaid-e- Azam said, “We must get Pakistan at any
cost. For it we live and for it we will die. The
Mussalmans have to struggle and struggle hard
for their honourable existence….you must work
and work hard.” At another place the Quaid says
“With faith, discipline and selfless devotion to
duty, there is nothing worthwhile that you
cannot achieve.” After all the fiction of today is
indeed the fact of tomorrow. Don’t you agree?
Winner of essay in Urdu

1st Place: Azmat Ali (Virtual University),
Bhakkar-Punjab
*Introduction of writer is on page 47

News Corner

Biology Corner
Cloning: Should be or
not? Decide yourself
Atif Kamal 1, 2 and Waseem Safdar 1
Email: waseem.safdar@yahoo.com
Ian Wilmut is seen with the preserved body of Dolly
Cloning is a matter of great controversy, and there are as

many issues as there are religious and moral visions
worldwide but…
Cloning is the development of swarmed the mind of people for being is cloned, May loss
genetically identical young ones instance if human is the next genetic variation, thus cloning
to their parents, First clone was specie to be clone what would will affect natural selection
a lamb named Dolly, which was be possible implication of process, because evolutions
developed by Ian Wilmut, in human clone? would it be legal, require continues mixing of
1997, which proved that cloning moral, ethical to clone?, would it genes, matching of genes to
is possible phenomenon, as it influence the world adversely?, strengthen the gene pool.
was thought to be impossible would clone be second class Cloning can thus reduce the
practically in past. Cloning is in citizens that. genetic variation and may also
fact not something un natural, There are many demerits that give rise to novel genetic
because in nature processes like go against cloning most problems in future. Cloning and
asexually produced organisms, important thing in this regard is re-cloning of specific genome
budding in plants, hydra star fish that artificially produced clones may cause a monotony of
like animals, and many other are very much vulnerable, genetic pool and no one knows
types of asexually reproduction because this technique is in it what impact would it have on
in many species are common very early stages it is not well social and psychological aspects
examples of genetically identical developed yet fully because only of future clone, and how would
offspring production, but for Dolly for example only in the it affect national and world
human sepia, it raises a number case of dolly, the first successful society. There is likelihood of a
of issues that are worth clone, it took more than 250 black market of fetuses, to
considering before actually attempts to finally get dolly. clone only desired persons in
stating human cloning in our Moreover clones would be more the world e.t.c so there may
modern world. Notion of human vulnerable to health problems arise a monopoly of clone
cloning has become a novel and not long lasting. An production. If we establish a
matter of ethical controversy. important fact form natural population of close, whether
Many types of questions point of view is that if human they will be considered a

Biology Corner
second class citizen, or as step genetic engineering of germ line social relations.
children, or if cloned troops will be cells will be helpful in eliminating
allowed to mingle with normal inherited disease, development of It seems that cloning is a matter
population or it will be a different individual resistant to disease, like of great controversy, and there
regime, would they try to occupy AIDs and cancer. Such are as many issues as there are
their own status in society or not. experimentation on cattle is being religious and moral visions
From regions points of views, some conducted to produced cattle and worldwide but it is now
people thing cloning is like playing sheep with maximum desirable unavoidable any way. Whether
God, because in many culture, even traits. some people decide clone or not,
donation of organs and blood Authorities that are in favor it would eventually take place
transfusion is considered not Banning clones argue that it will be openly, or in secrecy, and like
permissible, who would these favor of human life. There are many other technical
people accept cloning as it is, they different viewpoints worldwide development in the whole, it will
would certainly have their own regarding uses and ban of cloning be very difficult to place actual
reservations and standpoint. There techniques, some countries have ban on cloning strategies and to
is a debate regarding reproductive banned it some allowed its partial draw a line between its merits
cloning whether it should be uses and some of them seem to and demerits. It is also up to
banned or not, although no proper have no firm decision about what beneficiaries to advocate rational
legislation in this particular case has to do next. Government of use of this science and to
been introduced. Michigan’s government was the establish proper legislation, to
Apart from such reservations, it’s a first one to ban cloning, the stop its possible illegal and
fact that cloning has revolutionized governor signed laws that prohibit immoral uses, rather than
scientific world, and some people engaging or attempting to engage banning it altogether. Since
claim cloning is a blessing from in human cloning. In United States, benefits from cloning to human
medical point of view for example Nationally Bioethics Advisory being are numerous, as far as
because it can help us to learn to Commission recommended cloning personal decisions are
renew damage cell, by culturing of a chilled through somatic cell concerned, its up to individuals to
new tissues, organs, e.g. kidney, to nuclear transfer, where as in decide wither self cloning will be
produce skin for burns, to Governor of Engler signed a laws allowed, whether it ought to be
regenerate damaged brain cells, against cloning and declared it legal, whether such decisions
spinal cords, livers, lungs, and any illegal and also announce penalties should be allowed individually,
other organs needed bone marrow against cloning acts, similarly in UK collectively even on moral and
could be cloned from the same the Human Fertilization and religious ground or not.
individual which will ensure Embryology Authority (HFEA) and References
minimum risk of tissue rejection the Human Genetics Advisory  Atlan H. et al.. 1999. Le
response. Similarly it can also help Commission (HGEC) allowed Clonage Humain, Editions du
couple with sterility to have cloning for only therapeutic Seuil, Paris,
produced their babies with cloning purposes, banned human child  Dreifuss-Netter F., Problèmes
techniques, fixing problems like cloning Many organizations have politiques et sociaux 2003. Le
spinal cord injuries, cancer, Tay- come out and stated their opinions clonage humain, La
Sachs disease, and many more. also. American Medical Association documentation française.
Cloning along with the technique of wants to place ban on cloning for  McLaren A. et al., 2002.
growing human stem cells can be not knowing exactly the physical Ethical eye: Cloning, Council of
used to cure disorders like and psychosocial harms, and Europe Publishing, Strasbourg,
Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s autonomy and privacy issue which  McCormack, Chris. To Err is
disease, and degenerative joint will be raised by cloning and what Human, but to Clone One
disease may be treated. More over will be its impact on family and

Biology Corner & Addbuzz
Divine. 21 Jan 2000.
http://www.Thelabrat.com/revi
ew/humancloning.shtml/
 Joseph Farnsworth. 2000. To
Clone or not to Clone: The
Ethical Question.
http://www.thefarnsworths.co
m/science/cloning.htm/
 Why Cloning Should be
Legalized by AlexaElrod.
http://www.humancloning.org/
essays/alexa2.htm.
1
Department of Biochemistry,
PMAS, Arid Agriculture University,
Rawalpindi, Pakistan
2
Department of Environmental
Sciences, PMAS, Arid Agriculture
University, Rawalpindi
Tip
End-- Writing Science Paper
First things first: The most

important rule to remember when
writing a paper is to follow the
instructions of your teacher.
Use headings. Science papers are
very structured and typically experiment that you have Use the proper tense. If you are
contain sections with headings like conducted, you should avoid writing a report, you should use
Abstract, Introduction, Method, asserting your opinion about the past tense.
Results and Discussion. what should have happened or why Use active verbs. Avoid using
Use concise statements. Science something did or did not happen. passive verbs. For instance, instead
writing is more uncomplicated and Avoid absolute statements. Be of saying “When the lights were
concise than dense writing. careful about using absolute turned off, the mice reacted… You
Dramatic or emotional statements statements like “always” and could say “The mice reacted when I
sound out of place in science class. “never” in science writing. turned off the lights.”
Use supporting details. A science Do not use contractions. Science Do not misuse scientific
report should explain exactly what writing is formal and concise, much terms. Some words, like "variable"
happened during a project or like business writing. No room for and "significant result" have very
experiment. Any time you address a frivolity! specific meanings in the science
cause and effect in this sequence, Avoid slang. A new generation world. Be careful not to use
you must provide details to support text-messaging teens have grown scientific terms in your paper
your claims. so accustomed to using informal unless you have a clear
Use your opinions wisely and language that they sometimes understanding of what they mean.
appropriately. If you are reporting don’t realize exactly what
the results of a project or constitutes slang, Avoid it.

Introduction to the
field of Product Data
Management (PDM)
Zeeshan Ahmed
Email: zeeshan@zeeshanahmed.info
“Only Cooked Time Tastes Well”

There is no doubt that every department is important and expected to play a vital role in the
progress of industrial enterprises but...
As this is my first column in editor by request, poet by mode Engineering and Computer
National Academy of Young and writer by interest. I think it’s Science, so called Machine
Scientists (NAYS) Electronic News enough for introduction and now Informatics. Especially in
Letter. So in beginning of this we should move ahead towards the developing countries, till now, this
column streak, I would like to real contents of this column. field could not be well introduced
introduce you Zee-Corn. It is the Moving ahead to the major and established. So by introducing
short abbreviation of Zeeshan’s contents of this column, here, I will PDM at NAYS platform, I think
corner, where you can expect me introduce you the field of Product many young scientists will become
discussing sometimes recent Data Management (PDM). The familiar and might want to peruse
technologies, research, fruitful reason of choosing this field for the a career in this field.
experiences, helpful suggestions, today’s narration is, that I am
Companies consist of different
quotations, thoughts and global working as a researcher in this field
since last almost more than 4 years departments like management,
point of views etc. Now, as you
and I personally feel that marketing, accounts, production,
have become familiar with the
quality and engineering etc. Every
corner stuff, so let me introduce unfortunately despite of the many
benefits, heavy ongoing research department has its own rules,
you Mr. Zeeshan Ahmed, the owner
and development this field could regulations, data and staff. There is
of the corner. Zeeshan is a Pakistani
not become the centre of attention no doubt that every department is
national, born 15 January 1983 in
like some other fields e.g. Artificial important and expected to play a
District Gujrat, and currently living,
Intelligence, Semantic Web, vital role in the progress of
studying and working in Wuerzburg
industrial enterprises but most
Germany. He is a computer science Machine Learning etc. and the
reason could be, as it is the blend important of all is the engineering
student, software engineer by
profession, researcher by choice, of two fields i.e. Mechanical

or technical department, which is departments within organizations out the product life cycle by using
more responsible for the main to improve the quality of products engineering data, such as CAD, ERP
product’s development and and processes. PDM products and field service. Moreover PDM
production from all other mainly manage information about also supports product teams and
departments. To successfully run design and manufacturing of techniques by providing
the technical department, products including technical Concurrent Engineering in
hardware and software are operations and running projects. In improving engineering workflow.
deployed, processes are initiated early 1970s there was no such PDM systems address issues such
and implemented, required number system to automate the process of as control, quality, reuse, security
of technical staff is hired to produce data management, then in 1980s and availability of engineering data.
the product under the implemented Computer Integrated Manuf- PDM performs five main functions
process using the provided acturing was introduced but to integrate and manage all
resources. Problems initiate and seemed not to be successful in applications, information, and
start growing as a company grows product data management. With processes during the associated
due to the rapid increase in data emergence of CAD technologies product life cycle i.e., Data vault
with the lack of required in time PDM Systems are introduced and and document management,
information and project and used to manage engineering data, Workflow and process manage-
resource management. As a result activities and processes through ment, Product structure
the company can face unnecessary better control of engineering data, management, Parts management
additional increase in costs, delays activities, changes and product and Program management.
in product completion, loss in configurations. PDM products Conclusively, the major objectives
quality and waste of time. mainly manage information about of PDM are to reduce the cost of
design and manufacturing of engineering, reduce effort in
In the past, there were no such
products including technical opera- product development life cycle,
systems available to store, track
tions and running projects. PDM is reduce time in change handling and
and manage all the related product
also renowned as Engineering Data new product development,
data. This doesn’t mean that there
Management and Engineering improve the quality and services of
was no system for data
Document Management Systems the product, deliver and support
management; there were some
because it provides better manage- products at the given time,
systems to store the information
ment and control over engineering improve team coordination,
about product, personnel involved
data, activities, and changes related increase customization of products,
in organization and financial details
to design and manufacture of maintain product configuration
but there was no such
product. Product Lifecycle Manage- based information, manage large
comprehensive system to manage
ment (PLM) is another acronym for volumes of data generated by
technical data. To cope with the
PDM to manage the entire computer based systems, reduce
problem of organizational technical
development life cycle of the engineering environment based
data management a new system
product by integrating people, problems, provide better access to
category was introduced i.e.,
data, processes and business information, provide better reuse
Product Data Management (PDM).
systems. PDM provides a backbone of design information, provide
PDM is a digital way of maintaining
for the controlled flow of common data warehousing, secure
engineering data of technical
engineering information through-

engineering data’s originality,
prevent error creation and
propagation and make a strong
effect on market shares. Moreover
PDM is also supposed to handle
business process work flows, change
management, revision control,
product configurations, product
structure management, project
tracking and resource planning.
There are many PDM Systems
available in the market e.g. Wind
chill, CIM DATABASE, Component
based Product Data Management
system (CPDM), still research and
development in PDM is going on
resulting with more advancements
towards the enhancements in the
quality of production systems.
As, I have personally spent a time of
some years in the research and
development of this field, so I have a
lot to introduce and keep discussing
PDM and PDM Systems etc. but
keeping the limits of column in mind,
here, I will enfold my discussion with
the introduction of my new book,
which discusses PDM in detail with
the elaboration of some focused
problems and solution “I-HMI and
LT-SOS in PDM Systems;
Implementing AI Concepts for The
Advancement of Multiple Role Based
User Oriented Product Data
Management Systems". Apart from
my own book and published
literature, there is a lot of good PDM
introductory literature freely
available online, please feel free to
Update us about your university @ ebulletin@nays.com.pk
help yourself.
It’s all for today’s column, you can

Page | 20email your view In the end, just want Newsletter June 2011
to say, keep remembering God (Allah
Subhan Tallah) in your all moments
of life, taking care of yourself and
News Corner
Science for
s
Youth (S4Y)
Project Coordinator: Aneela Yasmeen
ebulletin@nays.com.pk
Country Coordinators Mr. Fazal ul Rehman fazal_rehman81@hotmail.com
Ms. Hibah Khawar hibah.khawar@gmail.com
As the preference of most of the science students is to be a

doctor or engineer so there is lack of interest and
comprehension of the youth population.
National Academy of Young purpose. This will team comprise
Scientists (NAYS) is going to start a of the following:
project of Science for youth to
motivate students at school and  Two Project coordinators (One
college level. This project is an male, one female)
effort to encourage our youth  Coordinators at provincial level
towards conceptual learning. Our  Member from each district
youth is the future of our nation
OBJECTIVES:
and this is an initiative to build a
better future. As majority of the Following will be the objectives of
population of PAKISTAN comprises this project:
of youth so this is an effort to get
more and more devoted scientists  Science lectures on new
in future, which will result in discoveries
prosperity of this country and we  Lectures on important science
may compete at all levels with the issues (health, food,
rapidly changing global scenario. environment etc)
 Performing small and easy
PROBLEM: experiments to promote
Science foratYouth
population Logo
school Design
and college curiosity
At present very few organizations level to work as a scientist that is  Laboratory visitations day
are working to teach and promote the national need of hour.  Other possible extracurricular
science for the youth. As the
activities to develop the
preference of most of the science STRATEGIES:
interest of students.
students is to be a doctor or
A team of young qualified  Interaction could be by means
engineer so there is lack of interest
researchers will be established of answering questions they
and comprehension of the youth
from all over Pakistan for this have concerning life science or
News Corner
possible career paths.

 One day meeting with
parents to make them aware
E Bulletin
of uses of science and
possible careers choice and
Completed its one year
development.
Aneela Yasmeen
EVALUTATION: Chief Editor, NAYS E Buletin
The results will be evaluated by:

The first step is always difficult and
 A detailed report of each when it is taken you can always run
school visited. with any proceeding step. this was
 Annual report and ceremony so with NAYS E bulletin, when we
 An annual meeting to judge started it in Last year MAY 2010 we
the outcome of the project could publish only one bulletin that
and certificate distribution month, but as the time passed we
among the participants. tried our best to increase the
number of bulletin sent to our
DURATION:
members every week, and at on guidelines of NAYS
Pilot project of 50 Schools and present I m glad to inform you that President, and also to all of
Colleges in 2011. On Success it we are sending four e bulletin every my team members who were
will be extended to 100 Schools month to our members, we have or who are part of my team,
and colleges each year. published thirty eight e bulletins in without your contribution it
our first year the first Nineteen was would be really difficult for us
OUTCOMES: published in eight months and the to publish E bulletin in a
rest are published in only five regular way.
Following will be the objectives
months. We have got an immense
of this project:
E Bulletin is a way to communicate response from our members
 To show the youth that information that may be of any we are continuously trying to
science can be a great benefit to our members. We send improve our E Bulletin, But
opportunity for a career. information related to conferences, your suggestions are really
scholarships, jobs and admissions to awaited in this regard. May
 To make the students and our members also we try to share Allah Pak help us all in serving
their parents aware of the the new scientific discoveries with our Nation. Ameen
importance of scientists to
our fellows.
help compete with the
On this forum I really want to thank
global community.
Dr Anwar Nasim for their continuous
 Motivated young students guidance, Mr Aftab Ahmad,
will choose to be a scientist President NAYS, for providing us the
as their first preference and opportunity to serve our Nation,
will be the science leaders in Miss Rabia Umar our Ex Chief Editor
future. who took initiate of this program

Biology Corner
Biomaterials Science:
An Introduction to
Materials in Medicine
Mirza Abdul Aleem Baig
aleembaig_mughal@hotmail.com
Although biomaterials are primarily used for medical

applications, they are also used to grow cells in culture, to
assay for blood proteins in the clinical laboratory…
The development of biomaterials is not a new any material, natural or man-made, that comprises
area of science, having existed for around half a whole or part of a living structure or biomedical
century. The study of biomaterials is called device which performs, augments, or replaces a
biomaterial sciences. Biomaterial sciences natural function”. Although biomaterials are
encompass elements of medicine, biology, primarily used for medical applications, they are also
chemical/chemistry, tissue engineering and used to grow cells in culture, to assay for blood
material sciences. proteins in the clinical laboratory, in processing bio-
molecules in biotechnology, for fertility regulation
INTRODUCTION:
implants in cattle, in diagnostic gene arrays, in the
A biomaterial essentially a material that is used aquaculture of oysters and for investigational cell-
and adapted for a medical applications. silicon “biochips.” The commonality of these
Biomaterial can have a benevolent function, applications is the interaction between biological
such as being used for a heart valve, or may be systems and synthetic or modified natural materials.
bioactive; used for a more interactive purpose
Biomaterials are rarely used on their own but are
such as hydroxyl-apatite coated hip implants.
more commonly integrated into devices or implants.
Biomaterials are also used every day in dental
Thus, the subject can not be explored without also
application, surgery, and drug delivery. While a
considering biomedical devices and the biological
definition for the term “biomaterial” has been
response to them.
difficult to formulate, more widely accepted
working description include: “A biomaterial is

Biology Corner
devices are safe, reliable, economical and biologically

and physiologically compatible, the modern biomedical
engineer must have bread knowledge of currently
available materials and the properties that affect their
in-service performance. Biomaterials survey the wide
variety of biomaterials in present use as materials
resulting from novel micro- and nanoscale technologies.
Classification of Biomaterials:
Biomaterials in Body System: We may consider the classification of materials as
polymers, metals, ceramics, and composites. The role of
System Example such materials as biomaterials is governed by the
interaction between the material and the body;
Skeletal bone plate, total joint replacements specifically, the effect of the body environment on the
Muscular sutures, muscle stimulator material and the effect of the material on the body.
Circulatory artificial heart values, blood vessels It should be evident from any of these perspectives that
Respiratory oxygenator machine
most current applications of biomaterials involve
Urinary catheters, stent, kidney dialysis
structural functions, even in those organs and systems
machine
which are not primarily structural in their nature, or
Nervous hydrocephalus drain, cardiac
very simple chemical or electrical functions. Complex
pacemaker, nerve stimulator
chemical functions such as those of the liver and
Endocrine microencapsulated pancreatic islet complex electrical or electrochemical functions such as
cells those of the brain and sense organs can not be carried
Reproductive augmentation mammoplasty, other
out by biomaterials at this time.
cosmetic replacements
Desired Properties of Implantable Material:
The success of biomaterial in the body depends on
 Should be nontoxic
factors such as material properties, design, and
 Should be non-carcinogenic
biocompatibility of the material used, as well as
 Should be non-allergic
other factors not under the control of the engineer,
including the technique used by the surgeon, the  Should be non-inflammatory
health and condition of patient, and the activities of  Should be biocompatible
the patient. For medical devices that must be placed  Should be bio-functional for its lifetime in the host
inside the body, the right choice of material is the
most important aspect of design. To ensure such
MATERIALS FOR USE IN THE BODY
Materials Advantages Disadvantages Examples

Sutures, blood
Polymers(nylon, silicone rubber, Not strong,
Resilient, vessels, hip socket,
polyester, poly tetra Deforms with time,
Easy to fabricate ear, nose, other soft
furoethylene etc May degrade
tissues

Biology Corner
Joint replacements,
Metals (Ti and its alloys, Co-Cr Strong, May corrode, bone plates & screw,
alloys, stainless steels, Au, Ag, Pt Tough, Dense, dental root implant,
etc Ductile Difficult to make pacer and suture
wires
Dental, femoral head
Ceramics (aluminum oxide, Brittle,
Very biocompatible, of hip replacement,
calcium phosphates including Not resilient,
Strong in compression coating of dental and
hydroxyapatite, carbon) Difficult to make
orthopedic implants
Composites (carbon-carbon, wire Strong, Joint implants, heart
Difficult to make
or fiber reinforced bone cement) Tailor-made valves.
Biomaterials are usually considered with Recent advances in biomaterials sciences have
emphasis on their use as artificial organs. allowed for greater control over materials chemistry
Attention is now drawn to the importance of and mechanical properties at smaller and smaller
polymeric biomaterials like membranes, size scales. In addition to these advances, it is
sorbents, blood tubing, ventricular diaphragms becoming more straightforward to test the
and cells culture substrate. Furthermore, molecular level response of cells to biomaterials.
implantable medical devices such as catheters Only through the implementation of highly
are indispensable in the management of controlled biomaterials processing and
critically and chronically ill patients for the characterization combined with a deeper
administration of electrolytes, drugs, blood understanding of cell response to synthetic
components of drainage of secretions and pus. microenvironments will the regeneration of more
Artificial heart-valves, prosthetics, ceramics, complicated tissues be possible.
metals and bone cements are standard
implants. All of these implants save human
lives and enhance quality of life. At the same
time, they are the leading cause for millions of
primary bloodstream infections with
substantial morbidity and mortality.
BIOMATERIALS IN ORGANS
Organ Examples
Heart cardiac pacemaker, artificial

heart valve, total artificial heart USES OF BIOMATERIALS
Lung oxygenator machine Problem area Example
Eye contact lens, intraocular lens Replacement of Artificial hip joint, kidney
Ear artificial stapes, cochlea implant diseased or damaged dialysis part machine
Bone bone plate, intramedullary rod Sutures, bone plates, and
Assist in healing
Kidney kidney dialysis machine screws
Bladder catheter and stent Cardiac pacemaker,
Improve function
intraocular lens

Biology Corner
Correct functional Internal Organs (ASAIO), founded in 1954; Society
Cardiac pacemaker
abnormality for Biomaterials USA, founded in 1975; The
Correct cosmetic Augmentation European Society for Biomaterials, founded in 1975;
problem mammoplasty The Canadian Society For Biomaterials; the Japanese
Aid to diagnosis Probes and catheters Society of Biomaterials; The Controlled Release
Aid to treatment Catheters, drains Society, founded in 1978; The Bio-interface Division
of the AVS Science and Technology Society.
Journals Review:
Nanotechnology has been developed in many  Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
areas over the decades, one of the most  Biomedical Materials and Engineering
important areas of this technology is  Journal of Biomedical Engineering
nanomaterials level which plays an innovative  Journal of Medical Engineering and
role in biomedical application. Nanobiomaterial Technology
is made of polymeric nanoparticles.  American Association of Artificial Internal
Nanoparticles are compounds of polymeric Organs
material and are used as surface for molecular  Society of Biomaterials
assembly with membrane or non-vesicle http:\\www.biomaterials.org\index.html
enclosed configuration. In brief, there is no limit  Artificial Organs Today (ed. T. Agishi; VSP
to researcher’s imagination in this field of Publishers)
research. These innovative technologies in  IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
biomaterials will impact positively on the health
outcomes of the society by improving both
qualities of life and offsetting the rate of
progression to more expensive forms of
healthcare. It is need of the hour that
biomedical engineers, medical and biomaterial
scientists of the country join together to have a
demonstrable scientific track record of
developing fit-to-function biomaterials to
mitigate the suffering of ailing community.
BIOMATERIALS SOCIETIES:
The evolution of the biomaterials field, from its

roots with individual researchers and clinicians
who intellectually associated their efforts with
established disciplines such as medicine,
chemistry, chemical engineering, to a modern
field called “biomaterials” parallels the
formation of biomaterials societies. A few
important biomaterials-related professional
societies are: American Society for Artificial

Chemistry Corner
Stereochemical features of
sugars and health
a a
Ayyaz Afzal, Muhammad Ramzan Manwar
a
Hussain, Sohail
a4ayyazkhan2002@yahoo.com
Macromolecular assemblies containing sugar chains in their

backbone structure are associated with the physiology of cellular
organelles, whole cells and organs.
Corresponding author resides on the basis of their particular
Ayyaz Afzal stereochemical features (sequence and anomeric
Research scholar (M.Phil student) linkages) in complex carbohydrate machineries.
Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Current study is based on the physiological
Lahore, Pakistan. variations occur in biological systems due to
Email: a4ayyazkhan2002@yahoo.com alteration in stereochemical features of Gal and
Contact #: 0923337463916 GalNAc present terminally or internally in complex
Abbreviations carbohydrate assemblies. Several existing databases
Gal, Galactose; GalNAc, N-acetylgalactosamine; are still silent about this type of structure-function
Glc, Glucose; GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine relationship of Gal and GalNAc containing glycans.
OHOH H OH
H O H O
GDP-L-FUC
H 2 HO
HO O
Abstract H
H O
H
O
H
H NHAc
H
*
GDP
H
1
H
The stereochemical study of glycans and their O

HO
CH3 OH
[Gal1-3 GlcNAc1-]
involvement in prediction and diagnosis of H H
OH
2
1
4
1
H Fuc Fuc
different diseases have been started the new [Fuc1-2] Gal1-3GlcNAc1-

(Blood group H- Antigen)
(Lewis b
Antigen)
area in the biochemical sciences. Glycans are

complex macromolecular assemblies involved UDP-Gal
UDP-GalNAc
in the vital physiological functions like blood UDP
group determinations, protein stabilization, UDP
Gal1-3[Fuc1-2] Gal1-3GlcNAc1-
sperm-egg adhesion and cancer recognition in GalNAc1-3[Fuc1-2] Gal1-3GlcNAc1-
(Blood group B antigen)
(Blood group A antigen)
body. These functions are regulated by sugar

Chemistry Corner
Keywords This article discusses the physiological importance of
Galactose; N-acetyl galactosamine; Glycans; glycans having Gal and GalNAc in their backbone
Sequence and anomeric linkages; physiological structures, and then focuses the physiological
efficacy specificity of Gal and GalNAc stereochemical features
(sequence and anomeric linkages) in vital cellular
Macromolecular assemblies containing sugar phenomena. Literature study elucidates that the
chains in their backbone structure are sequence (terminal and sub-terminal positions) and
associated with the physiology of cellular anomeric linkages of Gal and GalNAc are playing vital
organelles, whole cells and organs. Different physiology in wide range of biological processes. For
cellular phenomena like blood group example, the blood group A determinant contains
determinations, autoimmune nerve injury, terminal GalNAc in its variant structure, while the
protein folding, targeting, recognition and blood group B has terminal Gal in its determinant
stabilization and cancer recognition are structure19-20. Thus, the Gal and GalNAc are providing
dependent on the nature, sequence and structural basis for blood group determinations and
anomeric linkages of sugar residues in various other cellular functions.
macromolecular structures. Infact, a slight Shiga toxins have strong binding affinity for the
change in stereochemical features of sugar galabiose, present terminally or internally in glycan
residues cause the remarkable change in their chains 21. Similarly, the Galα(1-4)Gal disaccharide is
physiology 1-7. Glycans with their specific sugar found significant for adhesiveness of Streptococcus
sequence and anomeric linkages are Suis. It is also observed that the Streptococcus
documented in many diseases like cystic fibrosis pnuemoniae and the like pathogens have potent
3
, thyroid, colon, lung, breast, prostate, ovary binding preference for the non-substituted
and uterine cancers 1, 2, 6-14. Sequence and GalNAcβ1-4Gal sequences in glycolipids. While the
anomeric linkages are the characteristic M. pneumoniae, unlike other lung binding pathogens
features of sugar residues which regulate bind only with terminal sulfated Galβ1- residue22-23.
dynamic biological functions in body. These Similarly, the leguminous plant Dolichos biflorus
characteristic features are generated in detailed lectin (DBL) has significant binding specificity for
carbohydrate structures by hydroxyl groups of GalNAc as compared to the Gal. It is also perceived
sugar residues (Fig. 1). The modifications like that the complexation of blood group A and H hybrid
sulphation, phosphorylation, sialylation and substances with DBL is inhibited by a blood group A
methylation on the terminal or subterminal Gal trisaccharide domain. The comparative study of DBL-
have their vital importance regarding the Forssman complex and blood group A trisaccharide-
cellular physiology in body. These modifications DBL complex shows that binding regions have low
alter the total charge and thermodynamics of affinity for Gal (elaborated in Fig.2). DBL has a
whole glycan chain and may be the cause of powerful specificity of binding for GalNAc because
their wide range of biological functions in the N-acetyl group gives compensation for the loss of
body15-18. aromatic stacking in DBL by creating the hydrogen

Chemistry Corner
bonding with the back chain amide group of communication are dependent on the sequence and
Gly103.24-26 anomeric linkages of sugar residues.
Correspondingly, the study of fertilization References
process highlights that the branching pattern 1. Laferte, S., Prokopishyn, N. L., Moyana, T.,
and nature of the sugar residues are valuable Bird, R. P. (1995). Monoclonal antibody
tools to interrupt unintended pregnancy in recognizing a determinant on type 2 chain
mammals. Free-swimming sperms have blood group A and B oligosaccharides detects
significant adhesion specificity for the O-linked oncodevelopmental changes in
glycoprotiens (mZP1, mZP2 and mZP3) of zona azoxymethane-induced rat colon tumors and
pellucida. After binding interaction of sperms human colon cancer cell lines. The Journal of
with the carbohydrate epitopes, the sperms Cellular Biochemistry, 57, 101-19.
undergo the cellular exocytosis and acrosomal 2. Miyoshi, E., Ito, Y and Miyoshi, Y. (2010).
reaction which enable the sperms to peneterate Involvement of Aberrant Glycosylation in
the zona pellucid for fertilization. These male Thyroid Cancer. Journal of Oncology, 2010, 7
and female gametes interact with each other pages.
through the Gal and GalNAc containing glycans 3. Xia, B., Royall, J. A., Damera, G., Sachdev, G.
and hence mediate the fertilization. Several P. (2005). Altered O-glycosylation and
parameters like the size, branching pattern and sulfation of airway mucins associated with
nature of the sugar residues are creating cystic fibrosis. Glycobiology, 15, 747-775.
interruptions in sperm-egg interaction process. 4. Varki, A. 2007. Glycan-based interactions
The two trisacchrides (Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1- involving vertebrate sialic-acid-recognizing
4GlcNAc) and (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc)] having proteins. Nature. 446, 1023-9.
Galβ1-4 and Galα1-3 at their terminal ends, 5. Wong, C. H. (2005). Protein Glycosylation:
inhibit the sperm-egg binding with moderate New Challenges and Opportunitie. The
affinity. While the addition of fucose residue in Journal of Organic Chemistry, 70, 4219.
these two trisaccharides, produce the high 6. Kumar, S. R., Sauter, E. R., Quinn, T. P.,
affinity for the sperm binding.27-28 Deutscher, S. L. (2005). Thomsen-
Additionally Anderson-fabry has its involvement Friedenreich and Tn Antigens in Nipple Fluid,
in cardiac, renal and optical pathophysiology. carbohydrate biomarkers for breast cancer
This disease is caused by accumulation of detection. Clinical cancer reserach, 11, 6868.
glycolipids having α-Gal. The gathering of two 7. Miyake, M., Hashimoto, K., Ito, M., Ogawa,
such glycosphingolipids is detected in urine, O., Arai, E., Hitomi, S., Kannagi, R. (1990). The
blood plasma and other tissues of fabry abnormal occurrence and the differentiation-
patient20. dependent distribution of N-acetyl and N-
Finally, we can say that the cellular glycolyl species of the ganglioside GM2 in
characterization, modification and human germ cell tumors. A study with

Chemistry Corner
specific monoclonal antibodies. Cancer, Cancer Research, 51, 2199-204.
65, 499-505. 13. Brockhausen, I., Yang, J., Dickinson, N.,
8. Saito, S., Egawa, S., Endoh, M., Ueno, Ogata, S., Itzkowitz, S. H. (2001). Pathways
S., Ito, A., Numahata, K., Satoh, of mucin O-glycosylation in normal and
M., Kuwao, S., Baba, S., Hakomori, malignant rat colonic epithelial cells reveal a
S., Arai, Y. (2005). RM2 antigen (β 1,4- mechanism for cancer-associated Sialyl-Tn
GalNAc-disialyl-Lc4) as a new marker for antigen expression. Biological Chemistry,
prostate cancer. International Journal of 382, 219-32.
Cancer, 115, 105–113. 14. Brockhausen, I. (2006). Mucin-type O-
9. Bergeron, A., LaRue, H., Fradet, Y. (1997). glycans in human colon and breast cancer:
Biochemical analysis of a bladder-cancer- glycodynamics and functions. EMBO reports,
associated mucin, structural features and 7, 599 – 604.
epitope characterization. Biochemical 15. Kobata, A. Structures and functions of the
Journal, 321, 889–895. sugar chains of glycoproteins, Eur. J.
10. Miyake, M., Taki, T., Kannagi, R., Hitomi, Biochem. 1992, 209, 483 -501.
S. (1992). First establishment of a human 16. Mahanta, S. K., Sastry, M. V., Surolia, A.
monoclonal antibody directed to (1990). Topography of the combining region
sulfated glycosphingolipids SM4s-Gal and of a Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen-specific
SM4g, from a patient with lung cancer. lectin jacalin (Artocarpus integrifolia
Cancer Research, 52, 2292-7. agglutinin). A thermodynamic and circular-
dichroism spectroscopic study. The
11. Dohi, T., Abe, K., Ohshiba, S., Yamaguchi, Biochemical Journal, 265, 831-840.
K., Oshima, M. (1990). 17. Salam. A. The role of Chirality in origin of
Immunohistological and biochemical life. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 1991,
detection of fucosylated polylactosamine 33, 105-113.
antigen with monoclonal antibody 18. Salam .A. 1992, Chirality, phase transition
ACFH18 in gastric cancer and normal and their induction in amino acids. Physics
gastric mucosa. Japnese Journal of Letters. B 1992, 288, 153- 160.
Cancer Research, 81, 676-81. 19. Dabelsteen, E., Graem, N., Clausen, H.,
12. Watanabe, M., Ohishi,T., Kuzuoka, M., Hakomori, S. (1988). Structural variations of
Nudelman, E. D., Stroud, M. R., Kubota, blood group A antigens in human normal
T., Kodairo, S., Abe, O., Hirohashi, S., colon and carcinomas. Cancer Research, 48,
Shimosato, Y. (1991). In vitro and in vivo 181-7.
antitumor effects of murine monoclonal 20. Wherrett, J. R., Hakomori, S. (1973).
antibody NCC-ST-421 reacting with Characterization of a blood group B
dimeric Le(a) (Le(a)/Le(a)) epitope. glycolipid, accumulating in the pancreas of a

Chemistry Corner
patient with Fabry's disease. The Journal 26. Etzler, M.E & Kabat, E. A. (1970). Purification
of Biological Chemistry, 248, 3046-3051. and characterization of a lectin (plant
21. Lindberg, A. A., Brown, J. E., Strömberg, hemagglutinin) with blood group A specificity
N., Westling-Ryd, M., Schultz, J. from Dolichos biflorus. Biochemistry, 9, 869-
E., Karlsson, K. A. (1987). Identification of 877.
the carbohydrate receptor for Shiga 27. Litscher, E. S., Juntunen, K., Seppo, A.,
toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae Penttilä, L., Niemelä, R., Renkonen, O.,
type 1. The Journal of Biological Wassarman, P. M. (1995). Oligosaccharide
Chemistry, 262, 1779-85. constructs with defined structures that
22. Haataja, S., Tikkanen, K., Liukkonen, inhibit binding of mouse sperm to
J., François-Gerard, C., Finne, J. (1993). unfertilized eggs in vitro. Biochemistry, 34,
Characterization of a Novel Bacterial 4662-9.
Adhesion Specificity of Streptococcus 28. Stromberg, N., Deal, C., Nyberg, G., Normark,
Suis Recognizing Blood Group P S., So, M., Karlsson, K. A. (1988).
Receptor Oligosaccharides. The journal Identification of carbohydrate structures that
of Biological Chemistry, 268, 4311-4317. are possible receptors for Neisseria
23. Krivan, H. C., Olson, L. D., Barile, M. F., gonorrhoeae. Proceedings of the National
Ginsburg, V., Roberts, D. D. (1989). Academy of Sciences of the United States of
Adhesion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to America, 85, 4902-4906.
sulfated glycolipids and inhibition by Hydroxyl groups are located in the extracellular polar environment rather than the
non-polard cellular membrane. Therefore the two cells come close to each other
through these hydroxyl groups of sugar residues.These hydroxyl groups effect
dextran sulfate. The Journal of Biological stereochemistry of sugar residues witin glycan chain and hence affect the cellular
interaction, recognition and modification in body. Different modifications like
acetylation, methylation, sulphation and phosphorylation are also introduced on
Chemistry, 16, 9283-9288. thesugar residues due to these hydroxyl groups and these modifications mediaate
the various biological processes in body.
24. Mo, H., Van Damme, E.J., Peumans, W.
J,, Goldstein, I. J. (1994). Isolation and
characterization of an N-acetyl-D-
galactosamine-binding lectin from Dutch
Iris bulbs which recognizes the blood HO
HO OH OH
6 H O
group A disaccharide (GalNAc alpha 1- 4 5
2 1 OH 4
6
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5
H 3 H
3Gal). The Journal of biological HO H OH
H HO 3
2
1 H
H H NHAc
chemistry, 269, 7666-73.
H HO
25. Hamelryck, T. W., Loris, R., Bouckaert, J., -D-Gal -D-GalNAc
Dao-Thi, M. H., Strecker, G., Imberty, A.,

Fernandez, E., Wyns, L., Etzler, M. E.
N-acetyl is involved in the mediating the
(1999). Dolichos Biflorus seed lectin in different cellular interations / inhibition
complex with the blood group a

trisaccharide. Journal of Molecular
Biology, 286, 1161-1177.

Naeay Charagh
Mrs. Saman Majeed
The person who gets the farthest is generally the one who is
willing to do and dare. The sure-thing boat never gets far from
shore." -Dale Carnegie
Mrs. Saman Majeed, daughter of Mr. Majeed Qamar sister. She got married to Mr. Zeeshan Ahmed in August
and Mrs. Sameena Majeed was born on 4th April 2009 and now has a son, Mr. Jibrael Zeeshan. The reason
1983 in Rawalpindi Pakistan. She is a to mention her family details is to show that how can a
Bioinformatician by profession and presently 28 years old lady fulfils her family responsibilities (as
providing her services at the Department of daughter, sister, wife and mother) and excels in her
Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg education and profession tremendously. Before
Germany as Doctoral Scientist. She has on record describing her education details and achievements, here,
more than 7 years of University Education and more I would like to mention one very important fact about her
than 2 years of Professional Experience of working as family life. Mrs. Saman Majeed was born to a middle class
an individual and with teams within different family, as her father is not more than an honest school
multinational organizations in the field of teacher with four more children. During that time it was
Bioinformatics especially in the subjects of Protein not possible for him to provide all facilities of life and
Engineering, Sequence Analysis, Disease Genetics, meeting his aim of educating his children residing within
Phylogenetics, Mass Isotopomers Analysis and his limited budget.
Intelligent Software System Development. She is the
Mrs. Saman Majeed started her primary education from
author of several publications including Book,
Journal Manuscripts, Scientific Transactions, Saint Annee’s Presentation Convent High School
Conference Proceeding Contributions, Thesis and Rawalpindi Pakistan and still remained in the same school
Seminar Presentations. Furthermore she is the till the fulfilment of her matriculation with science
editorial board member and referee of an subjects in 1999 with final A Grade from The Board of
international scientific publisher. Complementing Intermediate & Secondary Education Rawalpindi
her contributions, she has been honoured with Pakistan. Pursuing higher secondary education she got
several distinctions during her education including admission in Pakistan Air Force Intermediate College
Gold and Silver Medal for excellent performance (Fazia College) Rawalpindi Pakistan and completed her
Intermediate with Pre-Medical Science subjects with final
during Bachelors, Erasmus Scholarship for European
Studies and DFG Funding for Doctoral Research in A Grade from Federal Board of Intermediate and
Germany. Secondary Education Islamabad Pakistan. During her
secondary and higher secondary education she was a
Introducing her family background, her father is a very punctual, obedient and brilliant student in her
retired school teacher; FG Sir Syed Boys Secondary school and college. Aprat from studies, during her school
School Rawalpindi Pakistan and her mother is a life she was also involved in extracurricular activities like
house wife. She has three younger brothers and one debating, sketching and painting etc.

Naeay Charagh
Figure: Mrs. Saman Majeed, during Anatomy Quiz at courage and applied for 4 Years Bachelor of Science in
Islamabad Medical and Dental College Pakistan Bioinformatics (BS-BI) Program at COMSATS Institute of
(2003) Information Technology Pakistan on scholarship. With
good results in Intermediate with Pre-Medical Science
and in the first year of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor
of Surgery, she got the admission with scholarship but
with the condition to maintain cumulative grade point
average (CGPA) of 3.8 out of 4. Those who have done 4
years of bachelor can better realize that how much
difficult it is to maintain this CGPA of 3.8 in every
semester by taking A grades (with more than 90
percentage) in every subject. But this young lady took the
challenge and attained that for 4 years and scored CGPA
of more than 3.8 in all semesters during her BSBI at
Comsats. The final grade of her BS was CGPA 3.84 (A
Grade) with Gold Medal from the Faculty of
Bioinformatics and Silver Medal for securing highest
Due to the excellent results in Intermediate with CGPA amongst all Faculties of Bachelors at University,
Pre-Medical Science, Mrs. Saman Majeed got the handed by Prime Minister of Pakistan (Mr. Makhdoom
admission in Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Syed Yousaf Raza Gillani) at COMSATS Institute of
Surgery (MBBS) at Islamabad Medical and Dental Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan 2008. This
College Pakistan. She again proved to be a bright achievement is not less than a Nobel Prize for a bachelor
student during her first year of medicine education student, who left her career in medicine and studied very
resulting again with final A Grade, securing the top hard to secure her scholarship to continue her education.
position amongst all other students of her batch. But Furthermore during her bachelors, along with her studies,
unfortunately due to her poor economic conditions, she actively participated in software competitions as well.
without the consent of her parents, she decided to
sacrifice her opportunity by leaving MBBS for the After the completion of her Bachelors she wanted to
sake of better future of her siblings. Leaving a career peruse her Masters education so as to be eligible for
of medicine, especially in Pakistan where people Doctoral Studies from abroad. To meet her expenses of
dream of becoming Doctor is something very big and education, in 2008, she stepped in the professional field.
unbelievable for which I think her parents and With excellent results in every phase of her education,
siblings should always be thankful to her. she got the opportunity to work as a BioInformatician at
NUST Centre of Virology and Immunology (NCVI),
"Courage is a special kind of knowledge; the National University of Science and Technology,
knowledge of how to fear what ought to be feared Rawalpindi Pakistan. She worked at NCVI from 7th July
and how not to fear what ought not to be feared." 2008 till 31st July 2009. In between she tried to peruse
her Masters education at University of Geneva
- David Ben-Gurion
Switzerland, meeting the university requirements she also
This isn’t the end of the biography but the start of successfully completed French Language Certification
her new career. Mrs. Saman Majeed summed up her requirement with 93.5 percent results. Although she got

Naeay Charagh
admission but unfortunately her application was Union Masters Training Program. Afterwards she started
dropped at the Embassy of Switzerland, Islamabad her visa process but this time she was successfully
because of insufficient financial statement. awarded visa for Holland and Sweden without any
Unimaginable and heart breaking for her but she financial hurdle.
kept doing her research excellently at NCVI under
the supervision of Prof. Dr. Ishtiaq Qadri; Director
General NCVI NUST.
Figure: Mrs. Saman Majeed at Swedish University of

Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (2009)
In August 2009, she left Pakistan for her higher education

Figure: Mrs. Saman Majeed at Wageningen University,
in Europe. Her first destination was Stockholm Sweden
The Netherlands (2009)
and then went for her first semester at University of
Trying her luck at one another precious opportunity Wageningen The Netherlands. Later on after the
of Erasmus Mundus Scholarship for European Union completion of her first semester, she came back to
Masters Training Program at Wageningen University Sweden for the next semester at Uppsala University.
The Netherlands, Swedish University of Agricultural Meanwhile during this Erasmus Mundus European Union
Sciences Uppsala University Sweden and BOKU Masters Training program, she got two golden
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences opportunities for her Masters leading to Doctoral
Vienna Austria. She at first passed the exam of Education. First was Biomedical Engineering Programme
International English Language Testing System with specialization in Mathematical & Computational
(IELTS) with final 7.5 brand in total (Result: Listening Biology at Vienna University of Technology Austria
= 7.5, Reading=7.5, Writing=7, Speaking=8) out of 9. (established in 1815, one of highly ranked European-
Later on she submitted her application to Erasmus Austrian Technical Universities of the World). Second
and stood amongst more than 25 thousand option was at the Department of Bioinformatics, Julius-
applications from Pakistan for the selection of only 1 Maximilians University of Wuerzburg Germany (founded
student. Who knows, what God has decided for in 1402, one of highly ranked European-German Science
his/her blessed ones, fortunately Mrs. Saman Universities of the World); within one of prestigious
Majeed passed intensive selection process with a Biocenter of Germany and well renowned worldwide for
great success and stood at the top securing the it’s Nobel Prize Awards. Furthermore, at University of
Erasmus Mundus Scholarship 2009 for European Wuerzburg she will be working with Prof. Dr. Thomas

Naeay Charagh
Dandekar; currently the Dean of Faculty of Biology, Mrs. Saman Majeed, along with the fulfilment of all
Chair Department of Bioinformatics, co-author of mandatory educational and professional requirements,
hundreds of high impact publications, honoured and has co-authored several publications including seven
highly contributing international personality in the Journal Manuscripts, one International conference paper,
field of Biology. one International seminar presentation, two research
thesis and one written and edited book i.e. Interactive
Mrs. Saman Majeed decided to drop the Erasmus Web Graphical User Interface (GUI) For Phylogenetic
Mundus Masters Training Scholarship and joined the Trees: Web Graphical User Interface (GUI) for displaying
Department of Bioinformatics at University of Phylogenetic Trees using Perl, specifically BioPerl
Wuerzburg and continued her research with Prof. T.
programming language (ISBN-13: 978-3838385174).
Dandekar as a pre-doc researcher and as a student
of Master leading to PhD program in January 2010
(onward). She completed her education equal to
Masters in April 2011 and now she is perusing her
PhD. Completing her Pre-PhD admittance education,
she performed a research thesis under the
supervision of Prof. T. Dandekar and Prof. Dr. Roy
Gross; Department Microbiology at University
Wuerzburg Germany, entitled as Towards Human
Platelet differentiation and the role of miRNAs in
Platelet Gene Expression, successfully completed
with Grade “A” (in German Grading System its Sehr
Gut mit 1.0).
Figure: Mrs. Saman Majeed’s book- Interactive Web Graphical
User Interface (GUI) For Phylogenetic Trees, Germany (2010)
Furthermore she is currently the Editor of

International Journal of Information Technology and
Engineering, Issue Jan-June, by International
Sciences Press, Serial Publications, Bi-Annual and
ISSN: 2229-7367, 2011. She has been involved in four
international research projects and two major
academic projects. Currently she is working as a
Doctoral Researcher on an international research
project funded by German Research Foundation
(DFG). As earlier mentioned, conclusively the
distinctions of Mrs. Saman Majeed are
Figure: Mrs. Saman Majeed along with colleagues at

Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of  She was awarded Erasmus Mundus
Wuerzburg Germany (2010) Scholarship for European Union Masters

Naeay Charagh
Training Program at Wageningen in her family life, education and professional career.
University The Netherlands, Swedish The major reason for publishing the profile of Mrs.
University of Agricultural Sciences Saman Majeed is to present the fact that even with
Uppsala University Sweden and BOKU
lots of difficulties (e.g. poor family circumstances,
University of Natural Resources and Life
Sciences Vienna Austria, Year 2009. education expenses, social discouragement and
 She was awarded Gold Medal handed by financial problems etc.), a Pakistani young lady can
Prime Minister Pakistan for securing accomplish a lot and full fill her dreams in her life
Highest CGPA 3.84 in her Bachelors at and can live a successful life having her own family,
Faculty of Bioinfomatics by COMSATS good education and professional career.
Institute of Information Technology,
Islamabad Pakistan, Year 2008
 She was awarded Silver Medal handed
by Prime Minister Pakistan for securing
Naeay Charagh
Highest CGPA 3.84 amongst all Faculties
in Bachelors by COMSATS Institute of
Information Technology, Islamabad, Naeay Charagh is the leading program in
Pakistan, Year 2008 collaboration with Global Science Pakistan
 She was awarded 2nd Position in (www.globalscience.com.pk) for emerging creative
Software Competition, COMSATS talent. In this program we will look forward to
Institute of Information Technology, Year
2007 recognize the new generation scientists. We will
 She was awarded scholarship for select and promote the young scientists on the basis
outstanding performance through out of their potential for scientific creativity and impact
the bachelors 8.0 / 8.0 semesters by of their work on economic uplift of the country.
COMSATS Institute of Information Naeay Charagh is therefore a showcase to the world
Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Years
for young Pakistani scientists and technologists. We
2004-2008.
 She was awarded Best Student believe that if youth having skills and ideas are given
Performance Award at Saint Annee’s a space to exhibit their abilities, they will be
Presentation Convent High School empowered as agents for social change and
Rawalpindi Pakistan, Year 1999. creativity. Our aim is to nominate one young scientist
and to prepare a report on him and this report will
We (NAYS Team) believe that Mrs. Saman be published in monthly Global Science as well as in
Majeed is proven to be a very hard working and NAYS E.Newsletter.
dedicated lady, as mentioned earlier that along
with the fulfilment of her all responsibilities as a Naeay Charagh
daughter, a sister, a wife and a mother, she has Project Coordinator
never let her education get effected, which is in Syyada Samra Jafri
fact a big achievement as far as a Pakistani E.mail: hoor_100@yahoo.com
young lady is in concern. We wish her good luck

Editorial Report
World Environment
Day 2011
A Report by
NASY Editorial Board
It was not before June 1972 Forests cover one third of the gains (e.g., logging) compound
when United Nations organized a earth’s mother land mass these losses. People who
conference on the Human performing vital functions and depend on forests for their
Environment. This took place services around the world. livelihoods are struggling to
from 5-16 June 1972 and among Infect 1.6 billion people depend survive. Many precious species
many things one of the on forests for their livelihoods. face extinction.
important thing decided was to Forests are essential for Biodiversity is being
celebrate the World providing us oxygen (infect they obliterated. What’s more,
Environment Day every year with are green lungs of earth), for economists around the world
a different them and different supplying water to our rivers, have proven that by not
city and country. maintaining soil fertility, integrating the values of
regulating devastating effects forests into their budgets,
It was decided to be celebrated of storms. Forests are home of countries and businesses are
on every 5th June, and as a result more than half of the species paying a high price. One that
the first World environmental they also provide jobs, shelter, ultimately impoverishes us all
day was celebrated on 5th June security to forest dependent as harm to our forest life-
1973. Ands since then it is being populations. support system continues each
celebrated every year on the and every single day.
same date; almost 100 nations
celebrate these days and But this trend is not
fortunately Pakistani so one of irreversible. It’s not too late to
them. WED comes in summer in transform life as we know it
Northern Hemisphere and in into a greener future where
winter in the southern forests are at the heart of our
hemisphere. United Nations has sustainable development and
declared Year 2011 as the green economies. Conserving
International year of forests and forests and expanding them
the theme of this year is Forest: Infect of all these services we need to be recognized as a
nature at our service and the are destroying forests at the business opportunity. When
logo was designed to give this alarming rate, every year, 13 we add it up, an investment of
message “forests for people” million hectares of forest are US$30 billion fighting
.and India gets honor by being destroyed. That’s equal to the deforestation and degradation
decided as the global host for size of Portugal. Short-term could provide a return of
WED for the first time in history. investments for immediate US$2.5 trillion in new products

Editorial Report
and services. Doesn’t knowing this make it so ‘Forests Nature at your Service’
Furthermore, targeted much easier to see the forest from that underscores the intrinsic
investments in forestry could the trees! link between the quality of life
generate up to 10 million new In Pakistan WED 2011 was also and the health of forests and
jobs around the world. Already, celebrated, President Asif Ali forest ecosystems.
many leaders are glimpsing the Zardari in a message to nation on
potential for renewable energy World Environment day has urged WE wish that we may not just
and nature-based assets, but for upon the environmentalists and give messages but also do some
transformation to happen, the civil society to make concerted good for our earth. We being
forests need to become a efforts to protect existing forests youth must decide to save our
universal political priority. and turn the country green by environment by planting just
The services forests provide are planting more trees to arrest the one plant, lets join hands with
essentially to every aspect of negative impacts of environmental UN in protecting our
our quality of life. And the degradation for a prosperous environment….
answer to sustainable forest future. He congratulated the
management, moving towards a United Nations Environment
green economy, lies in our Program for adopting the right
hands. theme for the year 2011 —
Hepatitis B and C, Aahm

Malomaat
A minute introduction of booklet by
NAYS Pakistan
Pakistan is among the countries with high
prevalence of Hepatitis B and C. According to an
estimate 7.4% Pakistani population is suffering layman and the answers to these questions. The
with either Hepatitis B or C. Due to the lack of booklet will be distributed in the schools and
awareness about the disease, the number of colleges of all provinces of Pakistan with the help
infected people is increasing each year. In order of NAYS members. Initially 3,000 copies of the
to create awareness about the disease, National booklet are published. This is part of NAYS
Academy of Young Scientists (NAYS) Pakistan has community education and awareness program.
published a small booklet entitled “Hepatitis B NAYS is also working on other similar projects.
and C, Aahm Malomaat”. This booklet contains 32 GENOMED and Sahara for life trust sponsored the
pages with basic introduction to disease and also publication of this booklet.
some most frequently asked questions by the

Eminent Scientist Biography
Dr. Noor Muhammad Butt
By: Editorial board
He has published over 160 research papers in the above-mentioned areas.

Professor Butt has lectured and presented Research Papers in conferences in over
25 countries in the East and West.
Professor Dr. Noor M. Butt did his M. Sc Physics iv. Correlation of Micro-Macro properties of
(1957) from Government College, Punjab crystalline materials.
University, Lahore, Pakistan and his Ph.D v. Nanotechnology.
(Nuclear/Solid State 1965) and D.Sc (Physics, He has published over 160 research papers in
1993) from the University of Birmingham, U.K. His the above-mentioned areas. Professor Butt has
classical work (1963) with O’Connor established lectured and presented Research Papers in
the confirmation of Waller’s theory (1923) of conferences in over 25 countries in the East and
phonons at the Bragg diffraction peaks using West. He is on the Editorial Boards of several
diffraction of Mossbauer gamma-rays from LiFe National and International Journals ( including
single crystals which has been extensively cited J.Nanoparticle Research, JNR ,M/S Springer Verlag,
for several decades and printed in several books Germany, 2008—todate and J.Nano Education,JNE,
including those of Cambridge University Press USA) and Member of Governing Bodies and
(U.K.) and North Holland Publishers. Technical Committees of several
His research interests are: organizations/Universities. He is Visiting/Honorary
i. Crystal Diffraction studies using Mossbauer Professor at a few Universities in Pakistan. Dr N.
gamma-rays. M. Butt has 17 International and National Research
ii. Neutron Diffraction and Scattering from Publications (Journals and Proceedings) , 28
Solids. national and international research reports. He has
iii. Research Reactor Utilization attended Over 100 invited seminars in famous

laboratories in over 26 foreign countries, About (1991-95). He became Director General, Pakistan
140 national and international conferences Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology
attended (presented over 50 papers including (PINSTECH), Islamabad . Due to his efficient work
invited papers. throughout his career he was made Scientist
On the basis of his work on “Structure Emeritus, PAEC. He was First Chairman, National
Properties of Cubic Crystals” the University of Commission on Nano-Science and Technology
Birmingham conferred on him the degree of (NCNST), Ministry of Science and Technology,
D.Sc (1993).he is one to the three Pakistani Government of Pakistan, Islamabad (Oct. 2003------
having this Degree. Dr. Butt is Fellow of the ).Initiated awareness of Nanotechnology in Pakistan
Pakistan Academy of Sciences and the Islamic (1995-96). He retired in 1996 as Chief Scientist/
Academy of Sciences and has been President of Director General of PINSTECH, Pakistan’s premier
a few Professional Societies of Pakistan. He is research Institute and he was the first to be given
the First Joint Winner of International Kharazmi the position of Scientist Emeritus (Life-title) of PAEC
Award(KIA), Iran(1995). He was elected Hon. in view of his outstanding services to the Pakistan
Member of the World Innovation Foundation Atomic Energy Commission.He Initiated yearly
(WIF). The WIF has world known Scientific and Meeting of Nobel laureates with Pakistani students
Engineering Professionals as its elected in Islamabad/Lahore (2006------). HE Initiated yearly
Members including about 90 Nobel Laureates. Participation of 8-10 talented Pakistani students in
He worked as Research Scholar, Nuclear Nobel Laureates Meetings in Lindau(Germany) [
Research Laboratory, Government College, 2003---]. He is Representative in Pakistan, Council for
Lahore (1957 – 1958), then as Lecturer, Nobel Laureates Meetings in Lindau (Germany). He
Government College, Lahore (1958 – 1961).He had been Former Chairman, Pakistan Science
joined PAEC, Pinstech as Scientific officer (1961- Foundation (2005 – 2008), & former Chairman,
1965). He was Group Leader, Neutron National Commission on Nano Science and
Diffraction Group, NPD, PINSTECH, Islamabad Technology(NCNST) (2003 – 2008).
(1966-78). He worked as Head, Nuclear Physics Dr. Nm But has my Hounours and medals to his
Division (NPD), PINSTECH, Islamabad (1978-91) name, He got Dux Gold Medal (1955), B.Sc. Murray
then as Associate Director, PINSTECH, Islamabad College Sialkot, Pakistan. [First Position] , then
(1984-91) and as Director, PINSTECH, Islamabad Youngson Gold Medal (1955), B.Sc. Murray College,

Sialkot, Pakistan. [First Position] . he achieved He got Open Gold Medal (Physical Sciences),
Academic Roll of Honour, (M.Sc.) 1957. Pakistan Academy of Sciences (1990). Then to admit
Government College, Lahore. [First Class First]. his works he was awrded Civil Award, “Sitara-i-
He was awarded U.K. Commonwealth Imtiaz” (Star of Distinction) by President of Pakistan
Scholarship Award (1961-65) Birmingham Univ., (1992). He as selected as IAEA (Vienna) Consultant,
U.K. [c/o Prof. P.B. Moon FRS] – All Pakistan Research Reactor Utilization (1994). [c/o Physics
Competition. He obtained Research Fellowship, Section] and TWNSO (Trieste, Italy) Expert in
IAK, KfK, Karlsruhe, Germany (1965-66) [c/o Malaysia (SIRIM, Kaula Lumpur) 1995 [c/o Prof.
Prof. K.H. Beckurts (late) and Prof. W. Glaser]. M.H.A. Hassan]. He booked to his name the 8th
He also received ICTP (Trieste) Italy award (Oct.- International Kharazmi Prize (First Place Joint
Dec.) 1967 [C/o Prof. A Salam (late)]. Short Visit. Winner), by President of Iran (1995). He was Elected
He was selected fro SIDA (Sweden) Research Treasurer (1994-98) of Pakistan Academy of
Award, Royal College of Tech. Stockholm (Jan- Sciences. He remained Elected President (1995-97),
Feb 1968) [c/o Prof. K.E. Larsson] also for Pakistan Nuclear Society. He is Honorary Visiting
Associate ICTP Award (1970-75), Italy [C/o Prof. Professor, B.Z. Univ., Multan [1997- ] , Scientist
A. Salam (late)]. He was selected for short visits Emeritus, PINSTECH (Life-title Honour on retirement)
ICTP-Visiting Scientist, AERE, Harwell (U.K.), [1996- ]. He achieved Shield of Distinguished Ravian,
1972, 1974, 1975 [c/o Prof. B.T.M. Willis, Prof. Government College, Lahore for meritorious services
A.K. Cheetham F.R.S.]. he was awarded in Nuclear Science and Technology. (1998). He
Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation obtained Shield of Honour, Pakistan Nuclear Society
(Germany) Senior Fellowship Award (1976-77) for meritorious services in the field of Nuclear
[c/o Dr. M. Mullner]. He achieved Senior Science and Technology. (1999). He is Elected
Associate ICTP Award (1979-1989), Italy [c/o President, Pakistan Chapter – AS International
Prof. A Salam (late)]. He was appointed as Centre for Theoretical Physics (Trieste) – 2002. He is
Principal Investigator, IAEA Research Contract, Representative in Pakistan, Committee for Nobel
Vienna [1980, 1981, 1982] also as United Laureates Meetings in Lindau, Germany [2003-----].
Nations (IAEA) Technical Assistance Expert, Chile
[Aug 1981- Feb. 82], Royal Society London
Visiting Scientist at Oxford Univ. [1987, 1993].

News Corner
Report on NAYS lectures and

NAYS Regional Meeting
Reported By: Editorial Board
Chief guest of the ceremony was Dr Gulzar A. Niazi and Aftab Ahmed
(President of NAYS, Pakistan) presided the ceremony. The presenter of the
ceremony was Syyada Samra Jafri (Coordinator of Naye Chirag)
Lecture 1 by President NAYS along with

On 18th May, 2011 National vote of thanks to participants.
Academy of Young Scientists NAYS Booklets on Hepatitis B
(NAYS) Pakistan organized a and C were distributed at the
lecture in collaboration with end of lecture at IPP, PU to the
Institute of Plant Pathology, participants. Dr. Amna Javed
University of the Punjab, Lahore (Assistant Professor)
and Global Young Academy coordinated this lecture at
(GYA). This lecture was part of Institute of Plant Pathology.
mobility and migration project of
NAYS that NAYS is conducting in activities in Pakistan. These Lecture 2:
collaboration with GYA. This activities are in the form of On 31 May 2011, NAYS
lecture was the first lecture of lectures, seminar, workshops,
(National Academy of young
this type. The main objective of consultancy and training of
specific instruments etc. The title scientist) organized another
this project is to involve Pakistani
of lecture was “Different defence lecture on “Gene-order
young researchers who are
working overseas in well reputed mechanisms in potato against variants of vesicular
institute in different scientific late blight pathogen stomatitis virus activate
phtophthora infestans”. The different immune responses in
lecture was delivered by Mr.
Ashfaq Ali who is doing his PhD
research work at Department of
cell and organisms Biology, Lund
University, Sweden. The lecture
was started at 11 am and
continued for 1 hr with lot of
discussion on the subject by
faculty members. The lecture was
followed by Introduction of NAYS

News Corner
Ishaq to deliver his lecture. The stage to share his views about
lecture comprised basically the the ceremony. Dr. Niazi was
research done by Dr. Musarat deeply impressed with the
Ishaq during his Post Doctorate in research of the Dr. Musarat
Department of Chemical and Ishaq and this activity of NAYS.
Biological Engineering Systems He stressed to promote NAYS
Biology, Wisconsin Institute for and its activities, so that most
Discovery University of of the young scientists who
Wisconsin-Madison. The lecture are deprived of such fruitful
prostate cancer cells". Dr. completed in an hour and there activities should be benefitted.
Musarat Ishaq from University of was an active participation from The ceremony was closed
Wisconsin-Madison was the the Audience in the questions after the address of the Dr.
presenter of lecture. The lecture and answers session. Niazi and the guests were
was organized in CEMB (Center of At the end of the lecture, Chief hosted with refreshments.
Excellence in Molecular Biology) Guest of the ceremony Prof. Dr.
and was the continual of the Gulzar A. Niazi was called on the
lecture series being organized by
NAYS Pakistan. NAYS Regional Meeting
Chief Guest of the ceremony was
Dr Gulzar A. Niazi. Aftab Ahmed
(Lahore Region)
(President NAYS) presided the A meeting of NAYS officials was at period of the NAYS e-news letter
CEMB,Lahore. Aftab Ahmed was sustained to original (2
ceremony. The ceremony started
(President NAYS, Pakistan) presided months). As editor of the e-news
with the recitation of Holy Quran.
the meeting. He congratulated and letter Muhammad Ilyas described
After the formal opening of the
appreciated all the organizers of the that the data in the e-news letter
session, President NAYS Aftab lecture organized in CEMB. Then he could not be arranged and edited
Ahmed was called on stage to asked the NAYS senior officials to in just a single month.
give a brief introduction of NAYS introduce themselves to NAYS junior There was another suggestion on
to the participants. Aftab Ahmed officials. Then he demanded the floor regarding the e-bulletin.
gave an introduction of the Dr. suggestions and recommendations It was suggested that the portion
Musarat Ishaq, highlighted the on NAYS projects from the all of the of scholarships should be
outline of NAYS and explained officials. increased and updated with
the aims and objectives of NAYS There was a suggestion by the latest scholarships. The motion
president himself to shorten the was discussed by the NAYS
Pakistan. After giving brief
time period of the release of NAYS e- officials and the Chief Editor
introduction of NAYS, presenter
news letter from 2 months to 1 NAYS e-bulletin, Aneela
of the ceremony (Miss Syyada
month. The suggestion was Yasmeen, took this suggestion
Samra Jafri, NAEAY CHARAG discussed by NAYS officials. The time into consideration.
coordinator) called Dr. Musarat

News Corner
quiz, speeches, essay writing,

and stage plays. In Class 9, at the
age of 12, she made a decision to
pursue genetics as her main field
and obtained a BSc. Hons degree
and now doing PhD in the same
field. As a scientist she considers
it her responsibility to change
the future of Pakistan.
Announcement
As we live in an S&T-driven world,
there is dire need to have the
learned people who can
communicate the complex ideas/
concepts of science and
Ist Row) (L to R) Syyada Samra Jafri, Abdia Shehzadi, Ambreen Gul, Aneela Yasmeen technology in such an easy-to-
2nd Row, (L to R) Muhammad Ilyas, Sajjad Ahmad, Fazal-ur-Rehman, Aftab Ahmad,
Muhammad Sajjad, Syed Hassan Bukhari
understand way that a lay-person
from Pakistan can comprehend
The final suggestion was them; and appreciate their
cooperation. President of NAYS took
demanded about the Science for importance in his/ her life. If you
these suggestions into
Youth Program. The country have the flare we are seeking
consideration. right now, and have a good
coordinator of S4Y project Fazal-ul-
At the end, President NAYS command on written Urdu, you
reham suggested that exhibitions
appreciated and paid gratitude to are invited to join the select-club
should be held in the school and of popular science writers who
the NAYS officials for organizing and
colleges beside lectures. Syeda contribute for Global Science -
attending the Ceremony. NAYS
Samra Jafri Suggested to initiate from across Pakistan.
officials were offered with the
the project from the Kinnaird Want to know more? Please
refreshments at the end of the contact:
school Lahore and offered her
meeting.
Mr. Aleem Ahmed,
Introduction of English Essay writing Chief Editor,
Competition winner Monthly Global Science,
139-Sunny Plaza,
Hasrat Mohani Road,
Zaeema Khan is a 22 years M. Phil leading to PhD Karachi-74200.
student at School Of Biological Sciences, University of Email: globalscience@yahoo.com
the Punjab, Lahore. When she was 2 years old her Or visit:
father went to Scotland to obtain a PhD degree in www.globalscience.com.pk
Statistics, she lived there for five years and learnt to know about us and our
English as her first language. On homecoming, she mission.
took admission in Convent of Sacred Heart School.
Where she participated actively in general knowledge

NAYS Survey
Report on “HEC
Dissolution”
Shehar Bano
Project Coordinator (NAYS Survey)
Sheri.ibb.pu@gmail.com
NAYS survey is a new project introduced by NAYS. “Genetically Modified Food (Level of
The main objective of this project is to know the awareness among Science Graduates)”,
perception of young people about hot scientific sent on May 16, 2011.
issues worldwide. Another aim is to know about And now the report of first survey is ready. But to
the problems of young researchers in Pakistan. prepare the report of 2nd survey we need your
You all are among the most educated people of warm contribution, as only the efforts of NAYS
Pakistan and your opinion can change many survey team are not enough to prepare a report
things in favor of our nation. As there is no trend without the participation of our young Science
of such surveys in Pakistan, but now we will raise Graduates. Below is the summery of “NAYS Survey
your voice at National and International forums.
report on HEC Dissolution”, and soon you will
Owing to this, your warm contribution and
receive our full report.
suggestions are expected and highly appreciated.
The outcome of this project is not only to Report on “HEC Dissolution”
determine your perception about science issues
and problems but also to raise your awareness Education plays the same role in the progress of a
level by informing you about the reports. nation as the backbone plays in our body. If a good
education policy helps to build a nation strong than
Progress a bad education policy does the same for its
destruction. Establishment of HEC was one of the
We started our work on this project in mid April
best steps taken by the government in regard of
and have sent two questionnaires up till now.
education policies, and its devolution could be the
 First questionnaire was on “HEC worst. So NAYS decided to conduct a survey on
Dissolution”, sent on April 22, 2011. “HEC dissolution” in order to report the opinion of
young Science graduates in documented form.
 Second questionnaire was on
Owing to this purpose, on April 22 , 2011, NAYS

NAYS Survey
survey spread a simple questionnaire as higher education is a federal subject in most of the
“Google form” to all the NAYS members which developing countries. 84.25% thought that there
represent the researchers and scientists from should be same standards of Higher education in all
whole Pakistan. 400 of them participate in this the provinces and after the devolution of HEC it will
survey. Results show that 94.5% disagree with not be possible. And it will be great loss to the nation
the dissolution of HEC. 63.75% don’t consider it if more than 4000 PhD scholars who are studying
as a violation of 18th amendment to resist the abroad will not return back after the dissolution of
dissolution of HEC. In perception of 72.25 % HEC.

Nays Message
Believe
“When you believe something can be done, your mind will
find the ways to do it, Believing in a solution paves the way
to a solution” – David Schwrtz
Challenge
“Success is when you realize obstacles you face are
challenges to help you become better- and your response
equals the challenge.” – Stephen Covey
Introduction of Urdu Essay writing Competition winner

http://www.nays.com.pk

NAYS Newsletter June 2011

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20

board is trying its best to include all possible

Page | 2 Newsletter June 2011

As we live in an S&T-driven world, there

Page | 3 Newsletter June 2011

Using new methods of molecular and

45 Report on “HEC Dissolution”

Page | 4 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 5 Newsletter June 2011

Fazal-Ur-Rehman Bhatti Mr. Hassan Riaz

Dr. Syed Imran Ali Shah Ms. Maryam Noor

Mubeen Shahid Dr. Syed Ali Raza Naqvi

Dr. Tanveer Hussain Mr. Rahib Hussain

Muhammad Zahir Iqbal Dr. M. Raza Shah

Muhammad Ayub Naveed Mr. Sikander Khan Sherwani

Dr. Tanveer Hussain Mr. Osama Shoaib

Dr. Nayab Batool Ms. Rabia Zafar

Page | 6 Newsletter June 2011

Ahmad Ali Qureshi Mr. Dileep Kumar

Mr. Muhammad Aslam

Mr. Sohail khaliq

Mr. Hussain Ali

Mr. Imran Ali

Mr. Hazir Rahman

Page | 7 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 8 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 9 Newsletter June 2011

NAYS & SCIFORUM arranged an

Zaeema Khan (University of the Punjab), Lahore; Winners of essay

Page | 11 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 12 Newsletter June 2011

Winner of essay in Urdu

Page | 13 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 14 Newsletter June 2011

Cloning is a matter of great controversy, and there are as

Page | 15 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 16 Newsletter June 2011

First things first: The most

Page | 17 Newsletter June 2011

“Only Cooked Time Tastes Well”

Page | 18 Newsletter June 2011

Page | 19 Newsletter June 2011

It’s all for today’s column, you can

As the preference of most of the science students is to be a

possible career paths.

The results will be evaluated by:

Page | 22 Newsletter June 2011

Although biomaterials are primarily used for medical

Page | 23 Newsletter June 2011

devices are safe, reliable, economical and biologically

Materials Advantages Disadvantages Examples

Page | 24 Newsletter June 2011

Heart cardiac pacemaker, artificial

Page | 25 Newsletter June 2011

The evolution of the biomaterials field, from its

Page | 26 Newsletter June 2011

Macromolecular assemblies containing sugar chains in their

The stereochemical study of glycans and their O

different diseases have been started the new [Fuc1-2] Gal1-3GlcNAc1-

area in the biochemical sciences. Glycans are

in the vital physiological functions like blood UDP

group determinations, protein stabilization, UDP

body. These functions are regulated by sugar

Page | 27 Newsletter June 2011