How Life Began on Earth: The Primordial

Soup Theory
four billion years ago, something happened. A “simple” chemicals got together,
and the very first molecules capable of making copies of themselves appeared. But
by god how on earth, did this happen!
Well, we have a few theories. And the one I wanna focus on the primordial soup
theory. 
My name is Astrid Shabrina Kesumareswari I’m from bioly offering G universiti
of malang
In the 1950s (one thousand nine hunderd fifty, Stanley and Harold, carried out an
experiment to test a previous hypothesis, the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis. Those
two scientists, Oparin and Haldane, had suggested that the primitive atmosphere
was reducing, so it didn’t have much oxygen, and if there was an appropriate
supply of energy, such as lightning or ultraviolet light, then a wide range of
organic compounds might be made. organic compounds include things like
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. So inorganic molecules would
have reacted with the energy to make things like amino acids and nucleotides,
which would have then collected in the oceans already on earth, making the
aforementioned primordial soup.
So Stanley and Harold tried to recreate the atmospheric conditions of primordial
Earth by enclosing methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water in their gaseous state
in a closed system. Continuous electric currents were used to simulate the
occurrence of lightning storms in this closed system. The products of this reaction
were analyzed using chromatography techniques. And after seven days, what a
conincidence, the analysis of the products revealed that almost 10 - 15% of the
carbon from methane had been converted to an organic form. Also, 2% of this
carbon was in the form of a few essential amino acids. These findings helped prove
that life may have actually originated according to the primordial soup theory.
And then in the 1960s (one thousand nin hundred sixty) another scientist, Joan
Oro, found out that the reaction between hydrogen cyanide and ammonia not only
produced amino acids but also a huge amount of adenine. And again, brining it on
back to your school days, adenine, is a nucleotide base. Adenine is absolutely
positutley vital for the functioning of any living cell, as it forms one of the four
bases in both RNA and DNA molecules, and as well it is a component of ATP,
which we should all know by now is the energy currency of life, which itself is
produced by the glorious powerhouse of the cell.
. 
So what are the things that go against this theory? Well, prebiotic chemicals would
in theory be made in really tiny quantities, which would then degrade quickly due
to the high temperature and effects of UV light. So they would not be able to
accumulate and aggregate to give rise to complex compounds.
So overall, the primordial soup theory does not fully explain how life began here
on earth, once their was an earth. But other theories have been put forward of
course, but none have been fully accepted as a valid explanation,