Jyiti Baswade

“ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND PICHU IN
SUKHAPRASAVA”
By
Dr.JYOTI H.BASWADE
A dissertation submitted to the

RA
R VG
AJJIIV GAANNDDH UN
HII U VE
NIIV ER TY
RSSIIT HE
OFF H
YO EAALLTTH H
CIIE
SSC EN CE
NC KA
ESS,,K AR NA
RN ATTA KA
AK BA
A,,B NG
AN AL
GA LOORREE..
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

AYURVEDA DHANWANTRI - M.S (AYURVEDA)
In
PRASUTI TANTRA & STREE ROGA

Under the guidance of
Guide
Dr.Sridevi Swamy.
M.S. (PTSR)
POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF PRASUTI TANTRA &
STREE ROGA
N.K.J. AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & PG CENTRE, BIDAR.
2011
RA
R VG
AJJIIV GAANNDDH UN
HII U VE
NIIV ER TY
RSSIIT YO HE
OFF H EAALLTTH H
CIIE
SSC EN CE
NC KA
ESS,,K AR NA
RN ATTA KA
AK BA
A,,B NG
AN AL
GA LOORREE..
NKJ AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND

PG CENTRE ,BIDAR
POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT

OF
PRASUTI TANTRA AND STREE ROGA
Declaration by the candidate

I, hereby declare that this dissertation/thesis entitled
“Role of matra basti and pichu in sukhaprasava” Is a bonafide
and genuine research work carried out by me under the guidance
of Dr.Sridevi Swamy,M.S.(PTSR) Assist. Professor PG Department
of Prasuti Tantra & Stree Roga.
Date: Signature of the candidate

Place: Bidar Dr.Jyoti Baswade
RA
R VG
AJJIIV AN
GA NDDH UN
HII U VE
NIIV TY
RSSIIT
ER YO HE
OFF H AL
EA LT
THH
CIIE
SSC EN CE
NC KA
ESS,,K ARRNNAATTA KA
AK BA
A,, B NG
AN GA LO
AL RE
OR E.

PG CENTRE ,BIDAR

OF
CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Role of

matra basti and pichu in sukhaprasava” is a bonafide research
work done by Dr.Jyoti Baswade, in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of Ayurveda dhanwantri - M.S.
(Ayurveda).
Signature of the Guide

Dr. Sridevi Swamy
MS (PTSR)
Assistant Professor,
Department of Prasuti tantra & Stree Roga
NKJ Ayurvedic Medical College & P G
Date: Centre
Bidar – 585403
Place: Bidar
R
RAAJJIIV
VG GA
ANNDDH HII U
UNNIIV
VEER
RSSIIT
TYYOOFF H
HEEA
ALLT
THH
SSC
CIIEENNC
CEESS,,K
KAARRNNAATTAAK
KAA,, B
BAAN
NGGAAL
LOOR
REE.

PG CENTRE ,BIDAR

OF

EEN
NDDO
ORRSSEEM
MEEN
NTT BBYY TTHHEE HHO NCCIIPPAALL//HHEEAADD O
ODD,, PPRRIIN OFF TTHHEE IIN
NSSTTIITTU
UTTIIO
ONN

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Role of matra basti
and yoni pichu in sukhaprasava” is a bonafide research work done by Dr.
Seal and signature of the Principal/Dean

Jyoti Baswade under the guidance of Dr.Sridevi Swamy. Assistant Prof
pg department of Prasuti tantra & Stree Roga.
Seal and signature of H.O.D.

Dr .SUKHADADEVI.
MD. (PTSR)
Prof & H.O.D
Dept. Of Post Graduate Studies In
Prasuti tantra & Stree Roga
N.K.J. A.M.C. & PG Centre,
Bidar – 585403 Karnataka.
Date: Date:
Place: Bidar. Place: Bidar.
R
RAAJJIIV
VG GA
ANNDDH HII U
UNNIIV
VEER
RSSIIT
TYYOOFF H
HEEA
ALLT
THH
SSC
CIIEENNC
CEESS,,K
KAARRNNAATTAAK
KAA,, B
BAAN
NGGAAL
LOOR
REE.

PG CENTRE ,BIDAR

OF

Copyright
Declaration by the candidate
I hereby declare that the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health
Sciences, Karnataka shall declare the rights to preserve, use and
disseminate this dissertation/thesis in print or electronic format for
academic/research purpose.
Date:
Signature of the candidate
Place: Bidar Dr. Jyoti Baswade
© Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences,Karnataka

BHAGWAN DHANVANTARI
Shankam Chakram jaloukam dathatamamrutha
kumnham – cha dorbhis chaturbhih sookshma swachathi
hrudhyaam, sukaparivilasam. Moulimambhojanetram
kalambhodoujw alangam katitadavilasa charu
peethambaradyam. Vande Dhanwantarim tam

nikhilagadhavana – prouda davagnineelam
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I surrender myself to the lotus feet of my divine inspiration
“Jagat Janani Goddess” for all my achievements by giving me opportunity and power
to overcome tough turmoil and to bring success at every stage of my life.
I sincerely thankful to our manegmet for their cooperation.
I sincerely express my thanks to my guide Dr. Sridevi Swamy, M.S, Assistant
Professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, NKJAMCPGC, Bidar for
her guidance.
I present my gratitude to Dr. Sukhada Devi HOD & Professor Dr. Sheela Halli,
Dr.Manisha Lecturer, Dept of PTSR (for availability of patients & for her guidance).
It is my pleasure to have the benefits of their experience, knowledge and timely
suggestion.
I am thankful to Dr. Rajeshree Biradar MBBS,DNB consultant gynecologist,
Dr.Sujata Kadam MD PHD Prof.Tilak College for enlightening my scientific
research by helpful criticism throughout the entire phase of this study.
I am thankful to our Principal DR K.V.L.N Acharyulu MD
AYU.SIDDHANT. NKJ A.M.C. & PG Centre, Bidar.
I am thankful to vice principal Dr.P.V.Savanur M.D. Ph.D (Dravyaguna)
HOD Dravyaguna Dept, for his help in statistical analysis.
I am also grateful to Dr. Sangolge Bandeppa, H.O.D. Rasashastra and their
co-workers for helping me in preparation of my drug.
I sincerely express my thankfulness to Mr. kaddi for computer assistance. ,
and R.B. Kadam, librarian of college and Sakhubai attender in library, for giving
cooperation to me in library facility.
I m very thankful to my colleagues Dr.Mohan, Dr.Megha, Dr.Shivani,
Dr.Seema, Dr.Preeti, Dr.Kishor for helping me in every situation .
I m very thankful to my senior Dr.Satish, Dr.Vivek Kulkarni for his valuable
guidance.
I pay my reverences to my inspiring spirit, my parents Mr.Hanmantrao N.
Baswade & Mrs. Ahilya H. Baswade ,my brothers Amol H. Baswade, Santosh H.
Baswade & my sister Shivkanta G. More who were the cause for me to take this
noble profession, they are indefatigably encouraging all my ventures and have been
exceptionally inspirational to me to go ahead to achieve my goals and bringing me up
to this position.
Last but not the least, I am thankful to all my patients who have been pillars of
this study and I express thanks to all those who have rendered their services directly
or indirectly in my efforts.
“Mother who sheltered in her womb your younger soul,

Deviding life into two parts,
She took the bitterness & gives you the honey.”
-Gabriela mistral.
Date: Signature of the Candidate

Place: BIDAR [Dr.Jyoti H.Baswade]
ABBREVIATION
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ACCORDING TO REFERENCE BOOKS (AYURVEDIC)
A.xÉÇ. - A·ÉÇaÉ xÉÇaÉëWû
A.¾û. - A·ÉÇaÉ ¾ûSrÉ
MüÉ.xÉÇ. - MüÉvrÉmÉ xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ
cÉ. - cÉUMü
चब. - चबद
pÉÉ.mÉë. - pÉÉuÉmÉëMüÉvÉ
pÉÉ. mÉë.ÌlÉ. – pÉÉuÉmÉëMüÉvÉ ÌlÉbÉhOÒû
pÉæ. U. - pÉæwÉerÉ U¦ÉéuÉÍsÉ
यो.र. - योगर ाकार
सु.स. - सुौत
ु सं हता
शा.सं. - शागधर सं हता
ह.सं. - हार त सं हता
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” I

ABBREVIATION
ACCORDING TO STHANA OF SAMHITA
xÉÑ. - xÉÑ§É xjÉÉlÉ
vÉÉ - vÉÉUÏU xjÉÉlÉ
ÍcÉ. - ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ xjÉÉlÉ
ÎZÉsÉ. – ÎZÉsÉ xjÉÉlÉ
E. - E¨ÉU iÉl§É
तृ. - iÉ×iÉÏrÉ xjÉÉlÉ
म.ख. - म यम ख ड
MODERN ABBREVIATIONS
A.C.T.H. - Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
(ATP) ase - Adenosine triphosphatase
D.H.E.A-S - Dehydro epiandrosterone Suphate
M.L.C.K. - Myosin light chain kinase
C.P.D. - Cephalo pelvic disproportion
F.H.R. - Fetal heart rate
P.P.H. - Postpartum Hemorrhage

“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” II
ABBREVIATION
BT -Before Treatment
AT -After Treatment
F -Follow-up
S.D -Standard Deviation
S.E -Standard Error
D.F -Degree of Freedom
t -Test of Significance
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” III

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
According to WHO preamble “Health is a fundamental Human right and
Health is a world wide social goal”, so to avoid complication in labour, this study is
proposed.The most important physical act performed by women is child birth and
normal delivery is always beneficial to mother and baby, as compared to surgery
because, in operative delivery women may face pre- operative, operative and post-
operative surgical complications, so to provide cost effective procedure and to
minimize complication, present study is needed.
In Ayurvedic literature,a very detailed description of antenatal care including
diet,mode of life,various indications and contraindication are prescribed. During
pregnancy many drugs and procedures are mentioned for Sukhaprasava as part of
Garbhini Paricharya. Among them, the role of Basti and Yoni Pichu is evaluated for
its possible role in Sukhaprasava.
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
30 patients will be selected by Simple Randomized Sampling method as per
the inclusion criteria after thorough physical and laboratory investigations and
patients will be assigned in two groups:-
Group A (Treatment Group): A primi-gravida from the starting of 9th month will
be given Basti and Yoni Pichu.
Group B (Control Group):A primi-gravida having completed 9th month 9days will
be given routine antenatal care and labour managed as per modern system of
medicine.
RESULTS:
criteria’s were statistically analyzed before and after treatment by applied
standard statistical method and all parameters shows highly substantional significant
results.
DISCUSSION:
By seeing above concept, the principle treatment regular application of pichu
may augment perineal muscle relaxation and may prevent infections by increasing
resistance of local tissues.Both these Basti and Pichu normalize the Apana vayu.
KEY WORDS: Sukhaprasava, Basti and Yoni Pichu.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SL.NO. CONTENTS PAGE. NO.
1. Introduction 1-2.
2. Objectives 3.
3. Review of Literature 4-66.
A) Ayurvedic Review 4-21.
a) Basti 22-33
b) Role of vata in sukhaprasava 34-40.
B) Modern Review. 41-57.
C) Drug Review 58-67.
4. Materials & Methods 68-74.
5. Observations & Results 75-108.
6. Discussion 109-111.
7. Conclusion 112.
8. Summary 113.
9. Bibliography 114-116.
10. References 117-124.
11. Annexure
Research Case Sheet Proforma 125-129.
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” Page V

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
SL.NO NAME OF THE TABLE PAGE NO.
1. Prasavakala mentioned by acharyas. 5.
Prasava Avasthas according to classics.

2. 9.
3. Intervention chart. 68.

Station of the fetal head - Fifth formula Sinciput
4. 71.
5. Bishop’s scoring 73.
6. No. Of patients in both groups. 75.
7. Incidence according to age. 76.

Incidence according to weight in Kg.
8. 77.
9. Incidence according to educational status. 78.
10. Incidence according to socioeconomic status. 79.
11. Incidence according to occupational status. 80.

Incidence according to agni.
12. 81.
13. Dilation of cervix on admission: 82.
Dilation of cervix after 3hrs.: 83.

14.
15. Dilation of cervix after 6hrs.: 84.
16. Dilation of cervix after 9hrs. 85.
17. Cervical effacement on admission 86.
18. Cervical effacement after 3hrs 87.
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” Page VI

TABLE OF CONTENTS
21. Station of the head on admission 90.
22. Station of the head after 3hrs 91.
25. No. Of contraction on admission 94.
26. No. Of contraction after 3hrs 95.
29. Duration of contraction on admission 98.
30. Duration of contraction after 3hrs 99.
Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 1st stage of

33. 102.
labour in 30 primipara patients:
Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 2nd stage of
34. 103.
Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 3rd stage of
35. 104.
36. According to the sign’s Clinical Corse of labour in Trial Group. 105.
According to the sign’s Clinical Corse of labour in Control
37. 106.
Group.
38. Total effect of therapy on 30 patients 107.
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” Page VII

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
S.NO. NAME OF THE FIGURES PAGE NO.
1. Materials for basti 32.
2. Preparation of basti yantra 31.
3. Mechanism of labour 50.
4. Bala Taila 58.
5. Milk 59.
6. Tila 59.
7. Tila plant 60.
8. Bala 61.
9. Bala mula 62.
10. Bala mula choorun 62.
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” Page VIII

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF GRAPHS
SL.NO NAME OF THE GRAPHS PAGE NO.
1. No. of patients in both groups. 75.
2. Incidence according to age. 76.

Incidence according to weight in Kg.
3. 77.
4. Incidence according to educational status. 78.
5. Incidence according to socioeconomic status. 79.
6. Incidence according to occupational status. 80.

Incidence according to agni.
7. 81.
8. Dilation of cervix on admission: 82.

Dilation of cervix after 3hrs.: 83.
9.
10. Dilation of cervix after 6hrs.: 84.
11. Dilation of cervix after 9hrs. 85.
12. Cervical effacement on admission 86.
16. Station of the head on admission 90.
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” Page IX

TABLE OF CONTENTS
20. No. Of contraction on admission 94.
24. Duration of contraction on admission 98.
Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 1st stage of labour

28. 102.
in 30 primipara patients:
Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 2nd stage of
29. 103.
Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 3rd stage of
30. 104.
31. Total effect of therapy on 30 patients 107.
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” Page X

Introduction

INTRODUCTION
The universe itself is began by Prakriti. As like prakriti is called,the women also
called beejadharmini and prasavadharmini. It is quoted by Acharya Charaka that- “The
woman is consider as one of the most essential factor responsible for producing offspring
and for the proper growth and development of the women should be paid the attention to
a certain proportion”1.
Some physiological body changes are indispensable in the human life ,as in
women’s life reproductive stage of labour is so-called the rebirth of the women.It is much
to stress the importance of normal labour in the women’s life. Though labour is a
physiological process of the female but any time it may lead to abnormality which
hamper the life as well as the three involment i.e. mother, foetus and obstetrician.
Acharya kashyapa has stated that- “Her one foot is in the house of ‘yama’ (the god of
death) and other on this side (i.e.she can die at any moment) “2.
Scientists generally view pregnancy and labour are delicate process of co-
operation between a women and her foetus .The bringing up of the baby right from the
conception has been given due consideration since that time Acharyas have given
specific importance to the Garbhini and have compaired her with the oil filled vessel,
which may spill even by the least shaking movement3.
So to provide proper attention during preagnency, Acharyas have described the
Garbhini Paricharya for the nine month of pregnancy.only Anuvasana Basti and Yoni
Pichu has been selected for the present study are refered by Acharya Charaka. He has
“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” 1

Introduction

mentioned that- “Due to administration of Matra Basti and Yoni Pichu of the taila
prepaired with Bala in the 9th month ,Garbhini achieves various beneficial effects
including Snehana of Yoni and delivered a baby normally or easy at proper time”4
At present era ,it is observed that the incidence of normal pregnancy and labour
has been diminished. Episiotomy has been established as a normal course and it is
performed routinely in the mater nity hospitals. Besides this there is no specific antenatal
care mentioned in the modern obstetrics, which may affect on labour being normal. On
the other hand, people are too much tired of the harmful gruesome and reactionary
modern treatment. It has changed their approach and the people have been turning toword
Ayurveda with a great expectation gradually.
Here one attempt has been made to present the clinical efficacy of Anuvasana
Basti and Pichu of Madhuradi Gana Taila and ,Bala comes under this group has been
used for the present study.so to evaluate of the drug as well as Anuvasana Basti and
Yoni Pichu in the aspect of Sukhaprasava the present study was selected.

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
The objectives of the proposed research work are as follows.
i) To study Garbhini Paricharya in 9th month as per Charaka.
ii) To assess the role of Basti and Yoni Pichu in Sukhaprasava.


AYURVEDIC REVIEW

AYURVEDIC REVIEW
Prasava Nirukti:
The term “Prasava” is formed from the Sanskrit root “Shuyan prani prasava”
by prefixing “Pra” and applying Panini sutra 5.
Sukhaprasava:
Prasava kriya which is carried out normally with minimal efforts and aids,
completed easily, without prolongation or affecting the health of mother or foetus is
sukhaprasava.
According to Charaka6:
At the onset of labour the head of the foetus gets turned and comes forward due to
action of prasuti maruta and is expelled through the vaginal passage. This is normal, other
situations are abnormal.
According to Sushruta7:
Normal labour should be through apatya patha (vaginal passage) and by
presentation of shira (vertex).
According to Dalhana8:
For this natural phenomenon, deeds of previous life are held responsible. After
delivery of fetus, placenta gets detached from mother and comes out.
Prakruta Prasavakala:
The time at which the fully developed foetus is delivered out of the womb is
called Prakruta Prasava Kala. This prasavakala is told by different acharyas.
1. Acharya Charaka6 – from beginning of 9th month upto end of 10th month

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

2. Acharya sushruta7& bhavaprakasha9 – 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th month .
3. Chakrapni10 – 9th and 10th month is ideal prasavakala
11th and 12th –gaun prasavakala due to alpa doshatva
4. Ashtanga hrudaya11– from 1st day of 9th month upto 12th month
5. Ashtanga samgraha12– from 9th month to 12th month
6. Harita13 – 10th and 11th month
7. Bhavamishra and Yogaratnakar - 9th to 12th month
8. Acharya Kashyapa14 - 9th and 10th month
Table No. 1. : Prasavakala mentioned by acharyas.
Author 8th Month 9th Month 10th Month 11th Month 12th Month

Charaka8
Kashyapa9,10 ‐ ‐
Sushruta11
Bhavaprakasha12
Chakrapanidatta13
Yogaratnaka12
Vagbhata14,15
Harita16
Akala Prasava Ideal Prasavakala
Gaun Prasavakala
Prasava Karanani15:
Sushruta17 had compared a falling ripen fruit with the normal mechanism of
prasava. As a ripe fruit gets detached from its stalk due to “Kalaprakarsha” (time
factor),garbha at an appropriate time gets detached from its “Nadi – Nibandha”, proceeds

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

for prasava (labour) due to „Swabhava‟. Without completing full term the fruit as well as
the garbha can not be detached from their respective places in the normal process.
Swabhava.
Kalaprakarsha.
Nadi nibandha mokshana.
Swabhava:
In case of prasava, the term swabhava denotes the phylogenetic discrepancy
present in the duration of gestation in different species of animals.
Kalaprakarsha:
Appropriate time or proper time denotes kala prakarsha.
Nadi – Nibandha – Mokshana:
In the case of prasava, “nadi” word denotes the “nabhinala” (umbilical cord) a
link between garbha and apara (placenta). Nibandha means release of attachments
situated between garbha and maternal body or uterus. As the term approaches infarcts
appear at maternal side of the apara(placenta), which hampers the free flow of
pranavayu(oxygen) and poshakarasa(nourishment) to the fetus through umbilical cord.
Attachments situated in between rasavaha nadi (umbilical cord or Placenta) and maternal
body or uterus are detached which initiates prasava.
Harita: Garbhavasa Vairagyam:
In uterus fetus naturally gets vairagya and wants to come out of garbhavasa.
Meaning of vairagya is dislike or aversion.
Bhela16 :

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

illustrated the cause for initiation of prasava as “Gatra Sampurnata”. When the
garbha attains the “Sampurna gatra” (full maturity physically and mentally) the prasava
starts. Apana vata anulomana is another factor which can be considered as prasava
karana. Apana vayu and vyana vata are of significance.
Prasava Prakriya:
Shiras presentation is mentioned by all acharyas, which is clear from “avak shira”
described by Charaka17.
Vagbhata opined that during prasava the garbha rotates under the influence of
“prasutimaruta‟ and descends with avak shira18.
Commentator Indu stated, that garbha situated facing back of the mother gets
turned and then facing umbilicus (nabhyabhi mukha) and keeping head at the lowest is
delivered19.
Atreya opines that head being heaviest comes first.
According to Charaka, Susruta and Ashtanga Samgraha20 fetus is matruprushtha
abhimukha and sankuchita anga(universal flexion).
According to Charaka21 and Vagbhata22 when “parivartana of garbha” occurs then
fetus descends further or is going to be expelled. It leaves hridaya, enters or descends in
lower abdomen, stays at the region of neck of bladder. The frequency and duration of
labour pain increases.
Kashyapa23 also described “Parivartana of Garbha” and added languor, feeling of
severe compression and tearing pain in vagina.
Prasava Avastha:

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

1) Kashyapa24: Explained in Sharir Sthana Jatisutriya adhyaya process of labour in two
stages :
a. First stage (not named)
b. Garbha parivartan (second stage).
2) Sushruta25:
a. Prajayini, Prajanayishyamana(early first stage)
b. Upasthita prasava (late first stage)
c. Apara patana (third stage)
3) Charaka 26:
a. Prajanana kalabhimata(late first stage)
b. Parivartita adho garbha (second stage)
c. Apara patana (third stage)
4) Ashtanga Samgraha27:
a. Aasanna prasava or Upasthita garbha (late first stage)
b. Parivartita garbha (second stage)
c. Apara patina (third stage)
5) Ashtanga Hrudaya28:
a. Asanna prasava or Upasthita garbha (late first stage)
b. Parivartita garbha or garbha pratyavega (second stage)
6) Bhavaprakasha29:
a. Prasavotsuka (early first stage)
b. Asanna prasava (late first stage)


AYURVEDIC REVIEW

7) Bhela Samhita30:
a. Asanna prasava (late first stage)
b. Apara Patana (third stage)
Table No. 2. Prasava Avasthas according to classics.
Stage Name given in Author Probable stage of

classics labour
Early 1st stage Prajayini Sushruta Pre-labour features
Late 1st Stage Prasavotsuka Bhavamishra First stage of labour
Charaka
Prajanana
Kalabhimata
Asanna Prasava Vagbhata
Description of 1st Upasthita prasava Kashyapa Sushruta Some features of
stage 2nd stage are also
seen
2nd stage Parivartita garbha Bhavmishra Second stage of
Charaka labour
3rd stage Apara patina By all acharyas Third stage of
labour
FEATURES AND PARICHARYA DURING LABOUR : I. KASHYAPA:
A) Features of onset of labour24: -
Mukhaglani (Malaise on face)
Anga klama (exhaustion of body parts)
Akshi bandhan muktata (feeling of removal of bonds of eye)
Kukshi avasada ( descended kuksi i.e abdomen, uterus))
Kukshi avasamsrana. Adhobhaga gurutwa (heaviness in lower part of abdomen)
Prustha, parshva, kati, basti, vankshana, vedana(severe pain in back,

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

flanks, waist, basti i.e pubic region and groin)
Yoni prasravan (discharge per vaginum)
Audarya (generosity)
Bhaktadwesha (anorexia)
Aratee (lassitude)
Klama (tiredness)
MANAGEMENT AFTER DESCEND OF GARBHA:
By observing these features having auspicious recitation by Brahmanas , the
expert senior ladies being well washed should enter sutikagar .
The sweet speaking women involving prajapati should console the pregnant women &
make her happy for achieving religion , wealth , & salvation . They should tell various
pleasures of women with children and sorrows of childless women , should perform
auspicious recitations in front of her about Aditi , kashyapa , God , Indrani , indra ,
Ashwinis , other persons of good longevity and having children . Kashyapa advised
intake of meat soup during this period.
She should be made to go over bed covered with bed sheet and pillows.
SUSHRUTA:
1) Prajayini: When laxity in sides of the belly, freedom in bondage of heart and pain in
pelvic region appear, it indicates that the woman is to deliver. Prajanayishyamana48
means woman ready for parturition.
2) Upasthita prasava: When the time of delivery approaches, there is pain all over the
waist and back, frequent passing of faeces, urine with discharge of mucus from the
vaginal opening.

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

3) Apara patana: - Firstly placenta should be extracted after delivery of child.
MANAGEMENT:
1. Kruta mangala 52( chanted auspicious )
2. Swasti vachana 52 ( benedictory hymns )
3. Kumar parivartan 52 ( surrounded by boys )
4. Punnam phala hastam52 ( holds in hand fruit with masculine name )
5. Swabhyakta ushnodaka parishiktam 52(having massaged well & bathed in warm water)
6. Akantha yavagu pana 52.
7. She should lie down in supine position on soft , spacious and pillowed bed and legs
flexed 52.
8. Four women who are expert , elderly and having nails cut should attend the delivery52 .
9. Not to bear down in absence of labour pains and instructions should be given to
women about this . Dalhan opines that efforts should be made upto expulsion of placenta.
10. Pleasing massage of genitalias in direction of hairs 52.
CHARAKA:
a) Prajanana kaalabhimata53: The following signs indicate the approach of the time of
delivery.
a. Gatra klama 53 (exhaustion of the limbs)
b. Aanana Glani 53 (feeling of depression in the face)
c. Akshi shaithilya 53 (looseness in eye)
d. Vaksha vimukta bandhanatwa53 (feeling in the chest as if a knot is being untied)
e. Kuskshi avasramsan 53 (feeling as if something is coming down from the pelvis)
f. Adhogurutwa 53 (heaviness in lower part of the body)


AYURVEDIC REVIEW

g. Vankshan, basti, kati, kukshi, parshwa, prushta nistoda53 (pain in groin, region of
bladder, pelvis, sides of the chest and back)
h. Yoni prasravanam 53 (onset of show from the genital tract)
i. Anannabhilasha 53 (lack of desire for food)
j. True labour pain associated with excretion of amniotic fluid starts53.
b) Parivartita garbha:
When the pregnant woman feels as if the foetus got separated from her heart and
entered into the lower abdomen and had approached the area of bastisira (brim of pelvis),
frequency of labour pain has increased, foetus has turned and come downwards, the
physician should at this stage, make her lie down over a bed. She should then be asked to
effect necessary strain to facilitate delivery53.
c) Apara patana (removal of placenta):
Immediately after delivery, she should be examined if the placenta has come out.
Proper method of separation of placenta is described.
MANAGEMENT BY ACHRAYA CHARAKA :
1. After onset of labour pains a bed should be prepared on ground covered with soft
beddings which she should sit on. Then women with the said qualities should attend to
her surroundings and consoling her with agreeable and sympathetic talks53.
2. Female attendants should educate her about the bearing down efforts. Not to bear down
in absence of pains. Initially bearing down should be gentle, but should be forceful at the
end. At the moment of this, attendants should pronounce that “Delivered, Delivered, you
are fortunate; you have delivered a male child”. Hearing these words women gets
happiness and strength54.

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

3. Mantropacharana - In her ears , agreeable woman should recite repeatedly in low voice
the mantra “prithvi , jala , akasha , teja , vayu , vishnu , prajapati should protect you the
women ! Carrying fetus and make you free from this shalya”. Also should say that55 “O
beautiful! woman you deliver without any difficult the child free from troubles and
tiredness and who is protected by kartikeya and resembles him”
ASTANGA SANGRAHA:
1) Aasanna prasava (Signs of commencement of labour):
As the time of delivery approaches near, the woman develops exertion,
exhaustion, a feeling as though the eyes have lost their attachment, expectoration,
increase of frequency of urine and faeces, looseness of the abdomen, heaviness of the
lower abdomen, lack of desire for food, uneasiness in the (region of) heart, waist, bladder
and groins, pricking and tearing pain throbbing and exudation of fluid in vagina. After
these, the avee (labour pain) commences followed by discharge of garbhodaka (amniotic
fluid)
2) Upasthita garbha:
Woman in which foetus is fixed.
3) Parivarita garbha:
Signs and symptoms of garbha parivartana. Foetus turns downwards, its bonds are
getting loosened from the region of heart and descending low into the abdomen to catch
up the head of the urinary bladder and the labour pains becomes more frequent55.
4) Apara patana:
Management of placenta extraction if it is obstructed.
MANAGEMENT by ACHRAYA VAGBHATA:

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

1. Vagbhata told the pregnant women who has done “kautuka mangala”. And who is
going to deliver the fetus should be given Yavagu with ghrita53 .
2. Then she should go over bed with soft cushion spreaded over ground and covered with
skin of red bull53 .
3. The woman should be given repeated inhalation of powdered kushta , ela , langali ,
vacha , chavya , chitraka , chirbilva , or intermittent iahalation of smoke of bhurjapatra ,
leaves of simsipa , sarjarasa53 . Indu54 told that thus inhalation should be given in the
inter contraction period .
4. Gentle massage with lukewarm oil over flanks ,back , sacrum , thighs should be done .
This brings fetus down55 .
5. After descend of fetus the attender should sit near foot od delivering woman and gently
massage the genitalias in downward direction , should compress the hips with her foot ,
repeatedly idlata vaginal canal and say ,O beautiful lady ! bear down slowly , Your facial
expression is charming ,you will deliver male child55.
ASTANGA HRUDAYAM58:
1) Asanna prasava lakshana(Signs of impending delivery) : -
Delivery taking place today or next day, the women develops fatigue, looseness of
abdomen and eyes, exhaustion (without physical activity), feeling of heaviness in the
lower parts, loss of appetite, more of salivation, increased urination (frequency),
discomfort / pain in thighs, abdomen, waist, back, region of heart, bladder and groins.
Pain in vaginal tract such as tearing, continuous pricking and pulsating and discharge of
fluid, followed by the onset avee (labour pain) and discharge of fluid from the womb
(show) 58

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

2) Upasthita garbha :
woman in labour and its management.
3) Garbha pratyavega :
foetus makes an easy descent and occupies the abdomen just above the urinary
bladder.
4) Apara patana :
Vata is the cause of placental obstruction.
MANAGEMENT :
1. Vagbhata advised massage over infraumbilical region of delivering woman and
repeated Yawning and slow walking by her.
2. Also given similar explanation about bearing down efforts and its methodology.
3. Also after descend of fetus given similar views as of ashtang samgraha.
BHAVAPRAKASHA:
Prasavotsuka :
The pregnant woman who has developed looseness of the upper abdomen, feeling
of release from the region of heart, pain in lower back is to be understood as intent on
delivery58.
Aasanna prasava :
Pain in the waist and back, frequent urge of elimination of urine and faeces are felt by
the woman going to deliver quickly60.
Apara patina : -
Advice is given regarding straining until placental extraction.

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

MANAGEMENT :
1. She should made to drive Yavagu and get oil massage around vaginal canal57.
2. When aavi starts in quick sucessations, the pregnant woman should lie down over bed.
When fetus is squeezed out her vagina should be dilated by applying oil . She should be
to bear down mildly in beginning and forcibly after wards58
BHELA SAMHITA:
1) Aasanna prasava : - When the woman feels she is about to deliver61.
2) Apara patina :- Management of apara sanga61.
MANAGMAENT :
1. Bhela advised association of four woman friends 61.
2. One aksha boiled Sali rice mixed with sour drinks and Cow urine should be given or
else this rice should be given with decoction of danti , dravanti , vrischikali , punarnava ,
banatiktaka . Gruel made up of old Sali rice is also prescribed61.
3. If fetus does not descends with this also then anuvasan basti with pungent oil should be
given 61.
4. Then she should be told about the method of bearing down effort61.
GARBHINI PARICHARYA (Month wise dietary regimen for pregnant women)
Garbhini Paricharya literarily means the care to be taken for a pregnant woman.
The care includes the things to be taken and observed by herself and care to be givenTo
her by the attendants.The brief and classified description of Garbhini Paricharya as
described by different classical authors is given.Thus is described under two logical
headings the Ahara and Vihar.


AYURVEDIC REVIEW

A) Regimen of First Month
1) Having doubt of conception from the 1st month itself she should take non-
medicated milk repeatedly in desired quantity. Congenial diet should be
taken morning and evening .
2) Sweet, cold and liquid diet should be taken from 1st to 3rd month .
3) During first month the pregnant women should take medicated milk timely
in specific quantity. For 1st 12 days she should take ghrta extracted from
milk and medicated with saliparni and palasa. Water already boiled with
gold or silver and cooled be taken. Sweet cold liquid and congenial diet
should be taken twice. Morning massage of oil and rubbing of unguent
should be avoided .
4) During 1st month madhuyasti, parusaka and madhukapuspa should be
taken with butter and honey followed by use of sweetened milk .
B) Regimen of Second Month
1) Milk medicated with madhura drugs .
2) Sweetened milk treated with kakoli .
C) Regimen of Third Month
1) Milk medicated with madhura drugs .
2) Sweetened milk treated with kakoli .

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

D) Regimen for Fourth Month
1) Butter extracted from milk in the quantity of one aksa or milk with
butter .
2) Cooked sasti rice with curd, dainty and pleasant food mixed with milk and
butter and meat of wild animals .
3) Milk with one aksa of butter .
4) Milk with butter .
5) Medicated cooked rice .
E) Regimen for Fifth Month
1) Ghrta prepared with butter extracted from milk .
2) Ghrta prepared with butter extracted from milk .
3) Cooked sasti rice with milk, meat of wild animals along with dainty food
mixed with milk and ghrta .
4) Yavagu .
5) Payasa .
F) Regimen for Sixth Month
1) Ghrta medicated with drugs of madhura group .
2) Ghrta or rice gruel medicated with goksuru. According to Prof.Premvati
Tewari, by the end of second trimester most women suffer from edema of
feet and other complications of water accumulation. Use of goksura a

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

good dietetic in sixth month will prevent retention of water as well as its
complications .
G) Regimen for Seventh Month
1) Same as in 6th month .
2) Ghrta medicated with prthakparnyadi (Vidarigandhandi) groups of
drugs .
3) Ghrtakhanda according to Prof.Premvati Tewari, the drugs of
vidarigandhadi group are diuretic, anabolic, relieve emaciation and
suppress pitta and kapha. Their regular use in 7th month might help in
maintaining health of mother and fetus .
H) Regimen for Eighth Month
1) Carak says that in this month rice gruel prepared with milk and mixed
with ghrta should be given.
Bhadrakapya opines that it should not be given because by use of this
child may become tawny in complexion.
Chakrapani explains that since the side-effects are negligible and benefits
much more hence it should be used .
2) Susruta has indicated in this month for cleaning the retained feces and
anulomana and vayu, the asthapana basti. This should be followed by use of
anuvasana basti .
Vagbhata-I, had incorporated the description of both caraka, susruta with

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

only replacement of name of bhadrakapya to khandakapya and achievement of
satwa .
Vagbhata-II, had advised use of liquid diet prepared with ghrta and milk,
anuvasana enema prepared with ghrta and drugs of madhur group. After this
niruha basti should be given . Harita had advised used of ghrtapuraka.
I) Regimen of Ninth Month
1) Caraka and Vagbhata-I, have advised use of anuvasana basti with oil
prepared with the drugs of madhura group. Vaginal tampon of this very oil
should be given lubrication of garbhasthana and garbhamarga .
2) Has prescribed meat soup with cooked rice and fat or rice gruel mixed
with good quantity of fat. Anuvasana basti as advised in 8th month and
vaginal tampon of the same oil should be given. Daily bath with cold
decoction of pounded leaves of drugs capable of suppressing vata should
be given. Unctuous anuvasana basti should be given only after use of
fat .
3) Harita opines that in 9th & 10th month different varieties of cereals should
be used .
4) Bhela, says that anuvasana basti with kadambamasa oil should be given ;
by use of this the accumulated feces goes in the lower passage, thus
delivery of child becomes normal. After this rice gruel should be given .
BENEFITS OF MONTHLY REGIMEN32

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

Caraka says that by this the woman remains healthy and delivers the child
possessing good health, energy or strength, voice, compactness and much superior to
other family members .
Vagbhata-I, says that by the use of this regimen from first to ninth month her
garbhadarini kuksi, sacral region, flanks and back become soft, vayu moves into its right
path or direction, feces, urine and placenta are excreted or expelled easily by their
respective passages.
Susruta had not described benefits separately however, some of the benefits
mentioned here and there in between the month wise regimen are that the fetus attains
good growth, vayu moves in its right direction, woman becomes unctuous, strong and
delivers the child easily without complications.
According to Kasyapa, Bhel & Dalhan
The rasa derived from the diet taken by the pregnant woman serves three purposes.
♦ Nourishment of her own body.
♦ Nourishment of the fetus.
♦ Nourishment of breast or formation of milk.
The physical or psychological disorders of pregnant woman are same as other
individual, because dosas and dusyas of the body are same. She also exhibits similar
symptomatolgoy of fever etc, disorders as noticed in any other grown up person .
However principles of treatment differ, because use of any pungent etc., drug is
likely to harm the fetus. Considering this very fact kasyapa had given 2 chapters on this

AYURVEDIC REVIEW

and emphasized that proper management of disorders during pregnancy is helpful for
protection and development of both mother and fetus .

BASTI REVIEW
BASTI REVIEW
Etymology Of Basti :
According to Vachaspatyam, the word ‘Basti’ has its origin from the root ‘Vas’
with the suffix of Pratyaya ‘Tich’ gives rise to the word ‘Basti’ and it belongs to
masculine gender.
According to Siddhanta Kaumdi, the root ‘Vas’ has four meanings as follow :
1) means to stay, to reside and to dwell.
2) It means to cover.
Hence, Basti conveys the following meanings.
Medicine stays in large intestine for sometime after its introduction through the
rectum, which causes movements in large intestine and waste materials there in which
are begged for their elimination.
According to Ayurveda, Vyadhi has been defined as the state in which both the
body and mind are subjected to pain and misery. This is the state of imbalance of three
Doshas – the three basic constituents of the living body. The measures undertaken to
restore the Doshika equilibrium is called Chikitsa . The ayurvedic approach to the
treatment of a disease comprises of mainly two procedures.
1) Shodhana36
2) Shamana36

BASTI REVIEW
Shodhana Chikitsa is supposed to eliminate vitiated Doshas completely and thus
prevents the recurring of the diseases. On the other hand Shamana is the conservative
treatment as it doesn’t eliminate vitiated Dosha but subside them. It is believed that there
is no possibility of relapse of the disease cured by Shodhana Chikitsa while the disease
cured by Shamana may recur as Acharya Charaka has mentioned :
The term Panchakarma is frequently used as synonyms of Shodhana. It consists of
Vamana, Virechana, Anuvasana Basti, Niruha Basti and Nasya Karma (but it is not only
Shodhana Chikitsa) out of the above five Karmas Basti is the most important constituent
of the Panchkarma due to its multiple effects. According to Ayurvedic physiology Pitta
and Kapha are dependant on Vata as it governs their functions. Basti eradication morbid
Vata from the root along with other Dosha and in addition it gives nutrients to the body
tissue44 . Therefore, Basti therapy covers more than half of the treatment of all the
disease45, while some authors consider it as the complete remedy for all the ailments.
Therefore, Basti is considered the best remedy for morbid Vata, but according to
Sushruta, it can also be used in Kaphaja and Pittaja disorders by using different
ingredients46.
Further it has both Samshodhana as well as Samshamana effects also. It performs
the functions of restoration of semen, Brimhana in emaciated person, Karshana in
Obeseperson, improvement in vision, prevention of aging process improvement in
lusture, strength and helpful longevity. Thus, Basti in its different forms has a very wide
application

BASTI REVIEW
In modern medicine, enema is mainly given to remove the faeces from the large
intestine while in Ayurveda, Basti is given as a route of administration of the drugs for
multiple action, which acts locally on large intestine as well as systematically on the body
tissue.
BASTI
Definition of Basti :
1)The apparatus used for introducing the medicated materials is made up of Basti or
animal urinary bladder36.
2) The bag made by animal bladder is termed as Basti.
Acharya Charaka has defined the Basti as the procedure in which the drug
prepared according to classical reference is administered through anal canal reaches upto
the Nabhi Pradesha, Kati, Parshva, Kukshi churns the accumulated Dosha and Purisha
spreads the unctuousness (potency of the drugs) all over the body and easily comes out
along with the churned Purisha and Doshas is called Basti53.
According to modern science, enema is the procedure in which any liquid
preparation is introduced through rectum by means of adequate instruments or injection
as liquid or gas into the rectum.
IMPORTANCE OF BASTI KARMA36 :
Because of its easy administration it is useful for both children, the aged, the
emaciated, the obese, to those whose tissues have been depleted, whose sense organs are

BASTI REVIEW
weak for woman who by predominance of Vata are either sterile or deliver the child with
difficulty. It improves, digestion, strength, colour, intelligence, voice, span of life &
happiness, it maintains youth and is also beneficial in diseases like lameness, stiffness of
the legs, fractures, contractures, distension of abdomen with gas, colic, loss of appetite,
upward movement of Vata, cutting pain in the rectum and such others.
If applied properly with due consideration of strength, impurity, time, disease and
constitution and prepared with respective drugs, they alleviate the concerned disorders.
There is no therapy equal to Basti because it evacuates quickly and easily, saturates or de-
saturates shortly and is free from untoward effects
Basti Yantra38 : The instruments used for Basti karma is known as Basti Yantra, it has
two parts.
1) Basti Netra
2) Basti Putak
1) Basti Netra38 : The general meaning of the term Netra is eye, but here in this reference
of Basti it means Nalika or Noozle. It is also named as Yantra. The connected Nalika
with Basti Putaka is specially named in Ayurvedic Samhits as Netra. In ancient days it
was being prepared out of Gold, Silver, Copper, Tin, Bronze and Brass etc.Apart from
these metals it was also being prepared out of Asthi, Shastra, Vribha, Venu, Danta, Nala,
Shringa, Mani and Vrikshasara. In Asthi most probably tubular bones might have been
used.
Size of Netra38: This Nalika has two ends that is upper & lower the upper end is
broader while the lower end is narrower. It should be smooth and without any curve. The

BASTI REVIEW
length of the Netra depends on the age of the patient which is being tabulated as
following table.
ANUVASANA BASTI 36:
It is called as “Anuvasana” because it doesn’t any harm even if there is food
inside( in alimentary tract ) or because it can be administered even after the day (night).
The Basti which is having Sneha dravya as main ingredient is said to be Anuvasana Basti.
Sneha Basti are said to be of 3 varieties 1) Sneha Basti, 2) Anuvasana Basti, 3) Maatra
Basti.
Both Charaka & Vagbhata have mentioned Anuvasana Basti for Sneha Basti, but
Sushrutha has mentioned as Sneha Basti instead of Anuvasana Basti. Anuvasana Basti
should be given only after immediate intake of ahara.
In Shishira, Hemantha, & in Vasantha rutus, Anuvasana should be given in the
day time and in Sharada, Greeshma & Varsha rutus it should be given in night.
Sushrutha37 has advocated Anuvasana Basti after 7 days of Virechana & its
Samsarajana karma. After the administration of Nirooha, the Anuvasana Basti can be
given as Sneha spreads easily after Shodhana.
Matra Basti (low dose of anuvasan basti)36
the dose of matrabasti is equal to minimum quantity in which anuvasan basti is prescribed
to be administered. While taking matra basti, a person can take any food and may do any
work as he likes. It can be safely administered in all the seasons.

BASTI REVIEW
THE METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION OF BASTI 38:
The poorvakarma, pradhanakarma & paschaatkarma procedures of Anuvasana
Basti are as follows.
POORVAKARMA38 : ( PRE OPERATIVE PROCEDURE )
1) Abhyanga :Abhyanga & Ushna jala Sweda must be adopted to a patient who is going
to administered with Anuvasana Basti.
2) Diet (Ahara ) : The bhojana given to the patient must not be contain Snigdha ahara,
Gritha & Taila etc.. As they are contra indicated. It should not be Rooksha as there will
be loss of strength & varna after Anuvasana Basti administered. Food must be digested
properly or else it produces Jwara, Vidagadha ajeerna etc The Aahara must be 1/4th of
the normal diet.
3) Chankrmana39 : Basti must be given to a person only after mala, mootra visrjana is
over or else the Basti will not enter inside. After little Chankrmana ( Walking of a
distance of 100 yards ) the Anuvasana Basti must be given.
The method of administration of Basti 38:
The poorvakarma, pradhanakarma & paschaatkarma procedures of Asthapana
Basti are as follows.

BASTI REVIEW
PRADHANA KARMA38 : ( OPERATIVE PROCEDURE )
The method of administration is as that of Nirooha Basti the patient should lie
down on Vamaparshawa & then right leg should be straightened. The hand should be
kept below the head, apply Taila to the Guda & administered the Basti to the patient, after
this position the hand & leg should be straightened, then lift the legs upward & keep a
pillow below the Kati.
Mrudu mardana must be done to legs and the buttocks should be made to shake
PASCHAT KARMA ( POST OPERATIVE PROCEDURE ) 38 :
1) Basti Pratyagama :The period of Anuvasana to be trained & to come out of 3 Yamas(
12 Hrs).
2) Pathya ( Dietic regimen ) : After Anuvasana Basti Anupdrava of Anuvasana Basti
then give rest to the patient & ask him to sleep at night. Then advice him to drink water
heated with Shunti & Dhaniya and light diet may be given.
Mode of Action of Basti 38:
According to Ayurveda : In Ayurvedic classics Acharyas have tried to explain there
actions of Basti hypothetically with suitable analogies those are :
1) As trees irrigated in its root level attains branches with beautiful tender leaves,
flowers & fruits in time and become big stature in the same way administered
Anuvasana Basti into the Rectum performs significant results up to head to toe in
man.

BASTI REVIEW
2) Acharya Parshara opined that Guda is the main root of the body & having blood
vessels in it, the administered Basti in the Guda nourishes all the dhatu & organs of
the body. Basti eliminates the vitiated doshas from the Rectal route.
3) The correctly given Basti will stay in the Pakwashaya, Sroni, Adhobhaga. Basti
dravya will reach the entire Srotas, in view of its Veerya & produces alleviating
actions Shamanadi karmas. When water is sprinkled to the root of the tree, it will
reach the entire wings & the parts of the tree, likewise Basti will also do its work.
4) After the administration of Basti it will come out but it does Shodhana of mala etc. It
comes out due to the effect of the Apana vayau, it also causes the Shodhana of doshas
from Pada to Shiras, just like the Sun which is millions of miles away from the Earth
due to its Ushna,Teekshna pradhana produces Apakarshana of Rasas. So also the
Basti which in Pakwashaya will remove the Sanchita doshas in the Pristha, Kati &
Kosta etc… & removes the doshas outside.
5) Basti is only therapy which pacifies the provocated Vata dosha like cyclonic storm is
sustained and controlled by waves of the Sea..
According Modern ( Probable mode of Action of Basti )
1. The Rectum has rich blood and lymph supply so the drugs given through Rectum may
get absorbed from upper rectal mucosa is carried by the superior Haemarrhoidal veins
into the Portal circulation where has the middle & inferior Haemarrhoidal veins
absorbs from the lower rectal mucosa enters directly by into systemic circulation.
2. The Rectum with its vascularity & venous plexus provides a good absorbing surface
& many soluble substances produce their effect more quickly without passing the
Liver where they may be destroyed.

BASTI REVIEW
3. After the administration of Basti, the products of Fatty acid, Pyurvic acid will become
reduced. Pyurvic acid is increased in blood than simultaneously vitamin B1 will
decrease ( Ayurveda Avloka 1965 page 79 ). This vitamin B1 is necessary to maintain
the Sheath(Myline) covering the nerves.
4. The medicaments used in the Basti, it can alter the Colonic physiology & modulates
the Pathogenic Parasites in the colon. By altering Colonic physiology Basti can
counter acts the factors responsible for causation of diseases. It is similar to Prakarti
Vighata of Krimi Chikitsa. By suitable combination of drugs Basti can useful in many
disorders.
5. Dwarikanath in early Sixtees suggested that Basti therapy by virtue of its
Medicaments greatly influences the normal Bacterial flora of colon. By doing so it
modulates the rate of endogenous synthesis of vitamin B12, which is normally
manufactured by colonic flora. This vitamin B12 may have role to play in the
maintenance of regeneration of nerves. According to him it is one of the possible
mechanism through which Basti could help in Vatika disorders. However this
Hypothesis is yet to be tested on scientific parameters.
6. Recent studies shows that the Rectal administration has become more popular since
the side effects of the intra-muscular injections. “ Noboru yata ” et al (1985) reported
that the tight junction of the Epithelia of the Rectum will be markedly influenced by
the presence of adjuvants especially in the Hypertonic solution. Further he explains
that volume of secreted fluids in the Rectum is generally consider to be small. In that
situation the Osmolarity of the secreted fluids will be increased by dissolving the

BASTI REVIEW
drugs & adjuvants. The increased Osmolarity of the rectal fluids may influence
absorption promoting the effect of drug.
YONI PICHU
Separate Chapter for pichu therapy is not available in treatises,however we can
make a chain of the action of pichu through some scatterer refrances.pichu is made with
the cotton swab and it is used for snehana karma after soaking in the taila,thus pichu is
one type of snehana-oleation therapy.when it is placed in the yoni it is called yoni
pichu.It should be placed deep in the vagina,so that it remains intact with the cervical
protion .It causes snehana (unctuousness),vishyandana ( fluuidity),mardavta
(softness),and kledana (moistness) as per the definition of snehana (cha.su.22/11 ).So the
effect of yoni pichu can be painted out as followsw:
1.Oil (pichu) causes stabilization of muscles and purifies morbidity of yoti. Due to
stabilization, muscles strength will increases and dus to yoni vishodhana (purification of
yoni) infection will not take place.
2.It (pichu )makes the muscles soft and smooth and also enhances Bala (tons) and tanutva
(thining action) so muscles can be stretched very well.
3.Due to moistness of pichu the liquid substances is increased.
4.It lubricates the whole vaginal canal due to its unctuousness and thus prevents
unnecessary friction.

BASTI REVIEW
MATERIALS FOR BASTI
FIG -1.

BASTI REVIEW
PREPARATION OF BASTI YANTRA:
FIG-2.

ROLE OF VATA IN SUKHAPRASAVA

ROLE OF VATA IN SUKHAPRASAVA (EUTOCIA)
ABSTRACT:
Every pregnant women and her family aspire an easy and normal delivery with a
perfect child .the same is put in the frame of sukhaprasava in the ayurvedic classics
Ayurveda can come out with some solutions in the present scenario with increasing
incidences of operative deliveries and raising demands for normal deliveries. Vibhuvata
plays a crucial role in the maintaining the pregnancy from day one till the delivery. Hence
during the pregnancy through adopting the ideal garbhiniparicarya (regimen for pregnant
women) and by avoiding the garbhaupaghatakarabhavas (pregnancy destructing
activities) one can fulfil her desire for a sukhaprasava.
Introduction:
Motherhood is the special gift offered only to the females by god. Explanation of
this unique experience, its joy and satisfactions are beyond the magnitude of words. This
beautiful experience of pregnancy is not nearly a journey of physical, psychological and
social changes. Everyone aspire that end of this journey should also be very smooth and
comfortable with minimal pain, discomforts and interventions. But in the present
situation with the drastically increasing rates of caesarean section, more of instrumental
and interventional deliveries…question arises in the mind why this? Reasons may be
varied like more sedentary, stressful life style, poor pain tolerance, poor bearing down
efforts demands for elective C.S.to reduce the discomfort to absolute nil.


CONCEPT OF SUKHAPRASAVA
Efforts have been made since time immemorial to ease this pain and to make this
event,happy or comfortable state or experience i.e. anukul vedaniyam sukham amarakosa
explains prasava as the process of garbhamocana,moksana i.e.mukti or release from
garbhavasa to the foetus. sabdasagar explained prasava as brings the forth, generation,
procreation, bearing or produsing; According to monier Williams,it is bringing forth
easily or happily.
Sukhaprasava also include the well being of child and mother both during and
after labour.The mode of delivery and the extent of asphyxia insults are important factor
in delivery.The quality of physical and mental well being of the child birth may leads to
different degrees of encephalopathy which are permanent. Similarly complications of
difficult labour may end up with hysterectomies, simmond’s disease, extensive fourth
degree perineal injuries leading to permanent rectal incontinences, urinary complaints,
dyspareunia prolapse of uterus ,ect. psysiological impact of different labour case also can
permanently scars the mind of a patient. Hence sukhaprasava should bring sukha to all,
not only to mother.
ESSENTIALS FOR SUKHAPRASAVA
The word sukhaprasava is used in the classics while explaining the preparations
for an easy labour as sukhaprasava yogas. Another indirect reference of this is given in
carakasamhita (sarirasthanam,2/6)- ‘sukhi sukham ca sanjayate’ is referring to
‘sukhaprasava’ and the factors responsible for it are told as ‘sukra,asrk(male & female


seed), atma(soul),asaya(uterus),kalasampat (time factor),garbhini upacara(anti natal
care)in the form of ahara & vihara.
Formation of an ideal garbha take place when ‘sukra,asrk, & atma- these three
with their best qualities,unite. To achieve the best qualities of these ,couple should under
go pre-conception care or ideal garbhadanasamskara.
Asaya or the garbhasaya is the place where the foetus is nourished for the whole
course of pregnancy when it is diseased or abnormal with any congenital or acquired
defects then the intrauterine stay or the descent of the foetus may be abnormal one.
Kala(time) here can be taken in two senses, one is kala in relation with seasons,
seasonal variation in ‘sarirabala & dosa avasthas affecting labour & pregnancy; another
kala is maternal age,where the age of mother has a direct relationship with the outcome of
pregnancy and labour .if the age of mother is above 30 or below 18 the morbidity rates,
complications, foetal defects are more. Primi gravidas above 30 years are considered as
high risk pregnancies are more prone for surgical deliveries.
Ahara,vihara & upacara of garbhini are given highest importance in all the
classics elaborate monthly regimen of dietetics are said by different classics.
Timely delivery with mature body (paripurna deha) is also a criterion to consider
for the sukhaprasava.Total period of gestation for the maturity and delivery of foetus is
considered as 280 days from the 1st day of last menstruation and 266 days from the day
of ovulation .In Ayurveda, prasavakala starts from the beginning of 9th month till the
completion of 12th months wherein 9-10th month are the best period, 11&12 being


moderate or madhyama prasavakala. Before the 9th & above 12th month it is akalaprasava
and is vikarakari or vaikarika. Once again vitiation(dusti) of apanavata is responsible for
the premature or postmature delivery(akala or kalatita prasava).
Modern consept of normal labour is described as the process by which the
products of conception when they attain maturity are expelled by the mother. To say it as
normal it should fuifill following criteria which are very much similar to the ayurvedic
descriptions.
¾ Spontanious in onset and at term
¾ With vertex presentation
¾ Without undue prolongation
¾ Natural termination with minimal aids
¾ Without having any complications affecting the health of mother or the baby.
ROLE OF VATA
In the tridosatmaka sarira, pitta & kapha being pangu ,are carried to their
respective functioning organs through the vata only which is having the capacity to
move; thus running the body machine. All the systems and organs of the body including
the urogenital system are governed by the vata. Hence it is said that vayu is the controller
of the system(‘tantrayantradharta’) .
Pravartaka: chestanam-it is said that ‘sarva hi chesta vatena,sa
prana:parinam smrta:’ all the subtle or evident movement related to reproduction are
done by gunas of ‘vata’,for example;release and movement of stribija(ovum),upword


movement of pumbija (sperm),union of the both,fertilization,further divitions and
ultimately the movements of garbha in the passage to come out into the outer world are
not possible without vata.
Gati ityadau – ‘Adi sabdena akunchana prasaranadinam grahanam’ – In the
functions of vyana movement or ‘gati’ is one of the important functions thus the
contraction -akuncana, prasarana-relaxation42, with respect to uterine musculature, the
retraction movement are the special movement of vyanavata along with the sthanikavayu
apanavata,
“apano apanagaha:41”- for the territory of ‘apana’ i.e the pelvic cavity .
Apanavata is responsible for all the movements of this region like sukra(sperm),artava
(ovum),garbha (foetus), sakrt (feaces) and mutra niskramana (micturition) karmas cannot
takes place without the ‘apanavata’ hence here also any vitiation of vata particularly of
apanavata, can adversely effect the movement of these vata and may adversely effect the
expulsive movement of uterus.
Karta garbhakrutinam-dividing the cellular mass into different
structures,causing hollow viscera, channels and muscles and thus giving proper shape to
the foetus which can pass through the pelvic passage is the function of vata. In cases of
abnormal growth or in cases of foetal malformations easy expulsion of the foetus or
possibilities of sukhaprasava becomes a question. Sukragatavata and vatavikruti in
garbhavastha may causes preterm or post term labour (akala or atikala prasava),death of
foetus (garbhanasa) or any kind of deformity (virupata or vikrti ) of garbha.


On analysing the descriptions of garbha upaghatakarabhavas (dont’s of
pregnancy), it can be seen that most of them are simply the causes of vataprakopa and
they are said to causes disturbance in the continivity and maintenance of pregnancy .
Unmargagatavata causing the dryness in the nourishing channels of the foetus (sosana of
rasavahidhamanis) produces an emaciated or dried up foetus which quivers very slowly –
is the description of Susruta regarding garbhavyapats. Dalhana added absence of ojus due
to vyanavikrti as the hidden cause for it.
In miscarriages (garbhasrava and garbhapata), vata is one of the intrinsic factors
responsible according to susruta. Delayed labour (vilambit prasava),obstructd labour
(garbhasanga), retained placenta (aparasanga) – in all these pathologies , controlling and
treating the vikrut vata is important. In case of obstructed labour (mudhagarbha),vitiated
apana causing the stupification (sammohana) of garbha is leading to obstruction or delay
in the delivery.
Considering the crucial role of vata in conception till delivery the month-wise
regimen (masanumasika pathya) is designed in Ayurveda. All the diet (ahara) and life
style (vihara) advised for a pregnant here are mainly snigdha,ushna,bhrumana which
helps in maintaining the fine equilibrium of vata and hence it’s proper functioning. In the
uses of following antenatal care (garbhiniparicarya),anulomana of vayu is said as an
important benefit of it. Nearing to labour normal function of prasutimaruta i.e apanavayu
brings down the head of the pelvic cavity from its upword direction (urdvasiro avasta)
without which sukhaprasava is not possible.


Susruta in sarirasthana has clearly mentioned that ‘Anulome hi vayu sukham
prasuyate nirupadrava ca bhavati’ which is seconded even by vagbhata which means
anulomana of vayu is very important for sukhaprasava. Though panchakarmas are
contraindicated during pregnancy,in the 8th &9th month anuvasana, asthapana bastis, yoni
pichu with vatahara taila are indicated to ensure the normal anulomana gati of vata
nearing to labour.
Avi-‘garbhaniskramanakala sulavisesa’. Avis are described as the painful
contractions during labour. The power factor of labour is nothing but the apanavata. They
represent the contraction, relaxation/retraction of uterine smooth progression and normal
power of these avis. At the time of labour the avis are further being assisted by the
grahisula referred by Kasyapa. If the avis are mild and delayed it may cause distress in
labour. In case of prolonged labour with hypotonic uterine contraction of these pains till
the expulsion of foetus vata plays the key factor.
For all the akuncana & prasarana of organs vyanavata is invariabaly involved so
also in case of uterine contractions of labour. Thus the power factor of labour is entirely
relying on the smooth functioning of these vatas. That is the reason why vatanulomana is
specifically emphasized. Any vikruti in the later months of pregnancy may manifest in
the form of power failures or abnormalities like uterine inertia hypo or hypertonic or
incordinate uterine contractions failing to dilate the cervix and descends the foetus
downwards.
CONCIUSION


Ayurveda can come out with some solutions in the present situation with
increasing incidences of operative deliveries and raising demands for normal deliveries.
Hence during the pregnancy through adopting the ideal garbhiniparicarya and by
avoiding the garbha upaghatakar bhavas one can fulfil their desire for sukhaprasava.

MODERN REVIEW

MODERN REVIEW
The term labor is derived from the Latin word, labor, which means work,
suffering, toil, trouble, bodily exertion. The WHO defines “normal birth” as spontaneous
in onset , low risk at the start of labour and remaining so throughout labour and delivery .
DEFINITION33:
Series of events that take place in the genital organs in an effort to expel the
viable products of conception out of the womb through the vagina into the outer world is
called labour.
NORMAL LABOUR (EUTOCIA)33:
Labor is called normal if it fulfils the following criteria. 1. Spontaneous in onset
and at term. 2. With vertex presentation. 3. Without undue prolongation. 4. Natural
termination with minimal aids. 5. Without having any complications affecting the health
of mother and or the baby.
DATE OF ONSET OF LABOUR33:
The exact date of onset of labour is unpredictable. On average this is 280 days
from the first day of last menstrual period or 266 days from conception. Naegele‟s
formula is in use for calculation of expected date of delivery that is by adding 9 months
and 7days to the 1st day of last menstruation or by counting back 90 days (3 months)
from the day of beginning of last menstrual period and adding 7 days to that date. The
rule is formulated by Franz Naegele, German obstetrician.

MODERN REVIEW

DURATION33:
Duration varies according to age, parity, position and pelvic factors. According to
latest classification it takes about 18 hrs in primiparous and 12 hours in multiparous
women to complete labor.
CAUSES OF INITIATION OF LABOUR33:
The onset of labour represents the culmination of a series of biochemical changes
in the uterus that results from endocrine and paracrine signals coming from both mother
and fetus. As mechanism of initiation of labour is still obscure, some hypotheses have
been put forth:
1. Uterine distension / optimal distension theory: Stretching effect on the myometrium
due to growing size of fetus and liquor amnii explains onset of labour at least in twins
and polyhydramnios.
Uterine stretch plays important role in myometrial activation.
Uterine distension acts to initiate expression of contraction associated proteins
(CAPs) is myometrium. CAP genes are related with the coding for gap junction proteins,
such as connexin 43, for oxytocin receptors for prostaglandin synthase. Uterine
distension has direct action on myometrium as early activation the placental fetal
endocrine cascade.
Uterine distension is also related with premature cervical ripening.
2. Feto – placental Contribution: Cascade of events activate fetal hypothalamic pituitary
adrenal axis prior to onset of labor – increased CRH – increase release of ACTH –
stimulates fetal adrenals - increase cortisol secretion – accelerated production of
oestrogen and prostaglandins from the placenta.

MODERN REVIEW

3. Neurological Factor: Although labor may start in denervated uterus, labour may also
be initiated through nerve pathways. Both α and β- adrenergic receptors are present in the
myometrium; estrogen causing the α-receptors and progesterone the β- receptors to
function predominantly. The contractile response initiated through the α - receptors of the
post ganglionic nerve fibres in and around the cervix and the lower part of the uterus.
4. Mechanical Irritation : Efficacy of artificial rupture of membrane in induction of labour
at term or stretching of lower uterine segment and pressure excreted by it on the
paracervical nerve ganglia are probably important factors in onset of labour.
Vaginal examination34:
(Ferguson reflex) triggers prostaglandin synthesis. Premature rupture of
membranes [PROM] is related to the release of the enzyme phospholipase–A2 the
enzyme that converts glycerophospholipids to the prostaglandin precursor, arachidonic
acid, thus leading to prostaglandin synthesis.
5. Endocrine – effect (Maternal, Placental, and Foetal):- Oestrogens: Oestrogens are
essential for co-ordinated myometrial activity of uterus. The probable mechanism of
action done by oestrogen is:
Promotes the synthesis of receptors for oxytocin in myometrium and decidua.
Stimulates the synthesis of myometrial contractile protein – actomyosin through
activation of (ATP) ase.
Accelerates lysosomal disintegration inside the decidual cells resulting in
increased prostaglandin synthesis. It increases the excitability of myometrial cell
membrane & increased release of oxytocin from maternal pituitary.

MODERN REVIEW

Progesterone34:
Progesterone enhances calcium binding in the storage depots which is the basis of
progesterone block, inhibiting contraction waves to spread from myometrial cell to cell.
At term, on fall of progesterone synthesis by placenta, this block is removed.
Increased fetal production of (DHEA-S) and Cortisol
Inhibits Conversion of foetal pregnenolone to progestone Altered oestrogen: progesterone
ratio.
Oxytocin33:
Oxytocin level reaches the maximum at the moment of birth; this (maternal
endogenous plasma oxytocin) concentration is not elevated prior to onset of labour but
shows elevation during second stage of labour. Where as fetal plasma oxytocin level is
found increased during spontaneous labour. Oxytocin receptors considerably increase at
onset of labour especially in decidua vera which in turn stimulates prostaglandin
synthesis.Vaginal examination .
Prostaglandins34:
It is established as a possible factor for initiation & maintenance of labor. The
major sites for the synthesis of prostaglandins are placenta, fetal membrane, decidual cell
and myometrium. Prostaglandins enhance gap junction (intermembranous gap between
two cells through which stimulus flows) formation.
CHANGES IN MYOMETRIUM, CERVIX, AMNION, CHORION, DECIDUA
Myometrium34:
1. Onset results from the alteration in the expression of key proteins thatcontrol
myometrial contractions, termed as contraction – associated proteins (CAPs).

MODERN REVIEW

2. Striking increase in myometrial oxytocin receptors.
3. Increased number and surface areas of myometrial cell gap junction proteins such as
connexin-43, facilitating conduction of impulse from one cell to another.
4. Formation of lower uterine segment.
Cervix34:
1. Prior to onset of labour cervical collagen fibrils break down by enzyme collagenase
and elastase (due to proteolytic digestion) and rearrangement of collagen fiber bundles
occurs. (I.e. number and size of collagen fiber bundles decrease within the cervix)
simultaneously
2. Glycosaminoglycans (Mucopolysaccharides) and proteoglycan ground substance under
goes alteration, Particularly hyaluronic acid (compound associated with capacity of
cervix to retain water).
3. Striking increase in amount of hyaluronic acid in cervix with concomitant increase in
water.
4. Decrease in dermatan sulfate which is needed for collagen fiber cross linking.
5. Changes associated with softening of cervix include an increased production of
cytokines that causes infiltration of leukocytes which also degrade collagen. These
biochemical changes lead to cervical thinning, softening & relaxation which allow the
cervix to initiate dilatation.
Foetal membranes (Amnion, chorion): At near term lysosomes of the fetal
membrane perturbate causing acceleration of phospholiphase A2. Formation of free
arachidonic acid Synthesis of prostaglandins (E2 & F2α) in fetal membrane.(Arachidonic
acid is the precursor of prostaglandin and stored in the form of glycerophospolipids.)

MODERN REVIEW

Decidua34:
Decidual damage at the onset of parturition releases free arachidonic acid through
phospholiphase A2 activity in decidual lysosome.PGE2,F2α are thus synthesized in
decidua vera
MECHANISM OF CONTRACTION33:
In the presence of oestrogen, an impulse alters the electric potential of the cell
membrane permitting the entry of calcium ions into the muscle cell – results in increase
concentration of intracellular free calcium – Calcium binds with a cytoplasmic regulatory
protein called calmodulin – This complex formed activates the myosin filaments via the
enzyme myosin – Kinase. The activated myosin filaments form cross – bridges with actin
filament– followed by an energy dependent dissociation of the cross bridges
accompanied with the conversion of ATP to ADP – Repeated formation & dissociation of
cross-bridges causes the actin filaments to glide over the myosin filaments resulting in
shortening of muscle fiber. Estrogens, probably by potentiating oxytocin, lowers the
threshold of the adjacent cell membranes allowing excitation wave to spread through the
entire uterine musculature, resulting in the myometrium contraction as a whole.
Release of Ca2+ into the Cytoplasm:
1. There are numerous agonists that bind cell surface receptors & activate phospholipase
C & its production of inositol triphosphate (IP3). IP3 will bind receptors on the
sarcoplasmic reticulum and cause release of Ca2+.
STAGES OF LABOUR 35:
FIRST STAGE: From onset of true labor pains to full dilatation of cervix .
SECOND STAGE: From full dilatation of cervix to expulsion of fetus . It is again
divided into two phases :

MODERN REVIEW

PROPULSIVE PHASE : From full dilatation up to descent of presenting part to pelvic
floor.
EXPULSIVE PHASE: By maternal bearing down efforts & ends with delivery of baby .
THIRD STAGE:
Begins after expulsion of fetus & ends with expulsion placenta & membranes .
FOURTH STAGE: Observation for 1 hour after expulsion of after births .
DURATION OF STAGES35:
1st Stage : 12 Hours in primigravida 06 Hours in multipara
2nd Stage : 2 Hours in Primigravida 30 minutes in mutipara
3rd Stage : 15 minutes in both in active management 5 mints
4th Stage : It is the stage of observation for at least one hour after expulsion of the
afterbirths
MECHANISM OF LABOUR33:
The positional changes in the presenting part required to navigate the pelvic canal
constitute the mechanisms of labour. It was described first by William Smellie during the
eighteenth century. Among all the presentations occipito-anterior presentation is
common.
Engagement33:
The mechanism by which the biparietal diameter, the greatest transverse
diameter of the fetal head in occiput presentations, passes through the pelvic inlet is
designated engagement. Descent: It is almost a continuous movement throughout the first
& second stages of labor. In primigravidae, with prior engagement of head, there is
practically no descent in first stage, while in multiparae, descent starts with engagement.

MODERN REVIEW

Descent is brought about by one or more of four forces: 1. Pressure of the amnionic fluid.
2. Direct pressure of the fundus upon the breech with contraction. 3. Bearing down
efforts of maternal abdominal muscles. 4. Extension & straightening of the fetal body.
Flexion33:
When head meets the resistance of the birth canal during descent, flexion occurs.
In this chin comes in contact of thorax. Due to flexion the shorter suboccipitobregmatic
diameter is substituted for the longer occipito frontal diameter. Flexion is essential for
descent since it reduces the shape size of the plane of the advancing diameter of head.
Internal Rotation33:
It takes place when head reaches the pelvic floor and meets with resistance. In this
turning of the head occurs in such manner that the occiput gradually moves anterior
towards the symphysis pubis (2/8th of circle in occipito lateral & 1/8th of circle in
occipito oblique position) from its original position or less commonly posterior towards
the hallow of the sacrum. Internal rotation is essential for the completion of labor, except
when the fetus is unusually small. Studies concluded that in approximately 2/3rd cases,
internal rotation is completed by the time the head reaches the pelvic floor. In about 1/4
cases internal rotation is completed very shortly after the head reaches the pelvic floor &
in about 5% cases it does not take place. Crowning → After internal rotation of head,
descent occurs until the subocciput lies underneath the pubic arch. When the maximum
diameters of the head (bi parietal diameter) stretch the vulval outlet without any recession
of the head even after the contraction is over – called „Crowning of the head‟.
Extension33: After internal rotation the sharply flexed head reaches the vulva and
undergoes extension. If the sharply flexed heads on reaching the pelvic floor, did not

MODERN REVIEW

extend but was driven down ward, it would impinge on the posterior portion of the
perineum and would eventually be forced through the tissues of perineum. When the head
presses upon the pelvic floor, two forces come into play. The first exerted by the uterus,
acts more posterior and the second by the resistance of pelvic floor the symphysis pubis
acts more anterior. The resultant vector is in the direction of the vulval opening there by
causing head extension. This brings the base of the occiput into direct contact with he
inferior margin of the symphysis pubis. The head is born as the occiput, bregma, orehead;
nose, mouth and finally the chin pass successively over the anterior margin of the
perineum. Immediately after its delivery, the head drops downward so that the hin lies
over the maternal anal region.
Restitution33:
It is the visible passive movement of the head due to untwisting of neck sustained
during internal rotation. Movement of restitution occurs rotating the head through 1/8th
of circle in the direction opposite to that of internal rotation. The occiput thus points to
the maternal thigh of the corresponding side to which it originally lay.
External rotation33:
Due to internal rotation of the shoulders, this movement to head is visible
externally. An anterior shoulder rotates towards the symphysis pubis from the oblique
diameter; it carries the head in a movement of external rotation through 1/8th of circle in
the same direction as restitution. The occiput points directly towards the maternal thigh
corresponding to the side to which it was originally directed at the time of engagement.
Expulsion of body33: Immediately after external rotation, the anterior shoulder appears
under the symphysis pubis, & the perineum soon becomes distended by the posterior

MODERN REVIEW

shoulder. After delivery of the shoulders, the rest of the body quickly passes by the lateral
flexion.
FIGURENO:3 MACHENISUM OF LABOUR

MODERN REVIEW

MANAGEMENT OF LABOUR34 :
Management of normal labour aims at maximum observation with minimal active
intervention . The idea is to maintain normalcy and to detect any deviation from the
normal at earliest possible moment . Strict antiseptics should be used & asepsis
maintained during vaginal examination & conducting delivery .
Vaginal examination :
first with the help of paired gloves once more vulva should be swabbed from
before backwards with antiseptic lotion like 10% Dettol . Gloved middle & index fingers
of right hand smeared liberally with antiseptic cream are introduced into vagina after
separating the labia by two fingers of left hand . The following information is carefully
noted :
1. Degree of cervical dilatation in centimeters .
2. Degree of effacement of cervix .
3. Status of membranes .
Presenting part and its position by noting fontanelles and sagittal suture in relation
to quadrants of the pelvis .Caput or moulding of head if present to note its degree. Station
of head in relation to ischial spines . station is stated in minus figures ,if it is above the
spines ( -1cm, -2cm, -3cm, -4cm, -5cm ) and in plus ,if it is below the spines (+1 ,+2, +3,
+4, +5 ).
Assessment of pelvis specially in primigravida is to be done and elasticity of
pelvic floor and presence of any vulvar varicosities is to be done .

MODERN REVIEW

INDICATIONS OF VAGINAL EXAMINATION34:
At the onset of labor .
The progress of labour can be judged on periodic examinations noting the
dilatation of cervix & station . Generally to be done at 3-4 hrs interval Following rupture
of membranes to exclude cord prolapsed . Whenever any interference is needed To
diagnose the beginning of second stage
MANAGEMENT OF THE FIRST STAGE33:
PRINCIPLES:
1.Non – interference with watchful expectancy so as to prepare the patient for natural
birth.
2. To monitor care fully the progress of labor ,maternal conditions and fetal behavior so
as to detect any intrapartum complication early.
Preliminaries: Enquiry is to be made about the onset of labor pains or leakage of liquor i
to be carried out and recorded. Records of antenatal visits, investigation reports and any f
any. thorough general and obstetrical examinations including vaginal examination has
Specific treatment given.
ACTUAL MANAGEMENT34 :
General
(a)Antiseptic dressing (b) encouragement and assurance are given to keep up the morale
(c) constant supervision is ensured.
Bowel –An enema with soap and water or glycerine suppository is traditionally given in
the early stage. This may be given if the rectal feels loaded on vaginal examination. but
enema neither shortens the duration of labour nor reduces the infection rate. Rest and

MODERN REVIEW

ambulation- If the membranes are intact‟ the patient is allowed to walk about. Diet- so
food is withheld in active labour.Fluids in the form of plain water, ice chips or fruit juice
may be given in early labour. Bladder care – Patient is encouraged to pass urine by
herself as full bladder often inhibits uterine contraction and may lead to infection. If the
patient fails to pass the urine specially in the late first stage, catheterization is to be done
with strict aseptic precautions. Assessment of progress of labour and partograph
recording.
Abdominal findings –(a)Uterine contractions :as regard the frequency, intensity and
duration are assessed. The number of contractions in 10 min and duration of each
contraction in seconds are recorded in the partograph.
(b)Pelvic grip: gradual disappearance of poles of head (sinciput and occiput) which were
felt previously(in fifths palpable above the pelvic brim)
(c) Shifting of the maximal impulse of the fetal heart beat downwards and medially.
TO NOTE THE FETAL WELL BEING 34:
Fetal heart rate (F.H.R) along with its rhythm and intensity should be noted in the
half hour in the first stage and every 15min in the second stage or following rupture of
the membranes.
To watch the maternal condition : Routine check up includes (a) to record 2
hourly pulse ,blood pressure and temperature.(b)to observe the tongue periodically for
hydration and (c) to note the urine output, urine for acetone, glucose and (d)
I.V.fluids,drugs.

MODERN REVIEW

MANAGEMENT OF THE SECOND STAGE33:
The transition from the first stage to the second stage to the second stage is
evidenced by the following features: -Increasing intensity of uterine contractions. -
Appearance of the bearing down effects.
-Urge to defecate with descent of the presenting part.
-Complete dilation of the cervix as evidenced on vaginal examination.
PRINCIPLES :
(1) To assist in the natural expulsion of the fetus slowly and steadily.
(2)To prevent perineal injuries.
GENERAL MEASURES33 : -
The patient should be in bed. -Constant supervision is mandatory and the FHR is
recorded at every five minutes. -To administer inhalation analgesics/if available, in the
form of Gas N2O and O2 to relieve pain during contractions. -Vaginal examination is
done at the beginning of the second stage not only to confirm its onset but to detect any
accidental cord prolapsed. The position and the station of the head are once more to be
reviewed and the progressive descend of the head is ensured. -To catheterize the bladder,
if it is full.
CONDUCTION OF DELIVERY33: The assistance require in spontaneous delivery is
divided into three phases:
1. Delivery of head
2. Delivery of shoulder
3. Delivery of the trunk

MODERN REVIEW

1.Delivery of head:
the principle to be followed are to maintain flexion of the head. The patient is
encouraged for the bearing down efforts during uterine contraction. This facilitates
descend of head. At this stage, the maximum diameter of head (biparietal diameter)
stretches the vulvul outlet without any recession of the head even after the contraction is
over and it is called “crowning of the head”. Episiotomy is done selectively and not as a
routine. Slow delivery of the head in between the contraction is to be regulated. The
forehead, nose, mouth and the chin are thus born successively over the stretched
perineum by extension. The mucus and blood in mouth and pharynx are to wiped with
sterile gauze piece on little finger.The neck is then palpated to exclude the presence of
any loop of cord.
2.Delivery of the shoulders:
Do not be hasty in delivery of shoulder. Wait for the uterine contractions to come
or the movements of the restitution n external rotation of the head to occur, the anterior
shoulder is born behind the symphysis.If there is delay, the head is grasped by both hands
and is gently drawn posteriorly until the anterior shoulder is released from under the
pubis. By drawing the head in upward direction, the posterior shoulder is deliver out of
the perineum.
3.Delivery of trunk:
after the delivery of shoulder, the fore finger of each hand are inserted under the
axillae and the trunk is delivered gently by lateral flexion

MODERN REVIEW

MANAGEMENT OF THE THIRD STAGE33 : This is the most crucial stage of labor.
The principles underlying this management to follow the management guidelines and to
ensure strict vigilance to prevent complications .
EXPECTANT MANEGMENT34 :
In this placental separation & its descent is allowed to occur spontaneously.
Constant watch is mandatory. A hand is kept over fundus to check signs of separation of
placenta, to see state of uterus contracted or relaxed. This watchful expectancy can be
extended up to 15 to 20 mints also .
Expulsion of placenta33 :
only when sighs of placental separation & its descent is confirmed , patient is
asked to bear down with hardening of uterus . . As soon as placenta passes through
introitus it is grasped by hand & made round & round with gentle traction so that
membranes remain intact.
Assisted Expulsion33 :
controlled cord traction (modified Brandt- Andrews‟s method) The palmer
surface of left hand is kept above the symphysis pubis. The body of uterus is pushed
upwards & backwards, towards umbilicus while by the right hand steady traction is given
in downward & backward direction holding the clamp until placenta comes out from
introitus. The procedure is adopted only when the uterus is hard and contracted.
Examination of placenta should be done.Vulva, vagina perineum are inspected carefully
for any tear.

MODERN REVIEW

In this placental separation & its descent is allowed to occur spontaneously.
Constant watch is mandatory.A hand is kept over fundus to check signs of separation of
placenta, to see state of uterus contracted or relaxed. This watchful expectancy can be
extended up to 15 to 20 mints also .
Expulsion of placenta35:
only when sighs of placental separation & its descent is confirmed , patient is
asked to bear down with hardening of uterus . . As soon as placenta passes through
introitus it is grasped by hand & made round & round with gentle traction so that
membranes remain intact.
Assisted Expulsion35:
controlled cord traction (modified Brandt- Andrews‟s method) The palmer
surface of left hand is kept above the symphysis pubis. The body of uterus is pushed
upwards & backwards, towards umbilicus while by the right hand steady traction is given
in downward & backward direction holding the clamp until placenta comes out from
introitus. The procedure is adopted only when the uterus is hard and contracted.
Examination of placenta should be done.Vulva, vagina perineum are inspected carefully
for any tear.
Fourth stage33 – pulse, blood pressure. Uterine behavior and any vaginal bleeding are
watched at least for 1 hour Activemanagement:. The underlying principle in active
management is to excite powerful contractions following birth of anterior shoulder by
parenteral administration of of oxytocin which facilitates not only early separation of
placenta but also produces effective uterine contractions following separation.

DRUG REVIEW

FIG – 4. Bala Taila.

DRUG REVIEW

FIG – 5. Milk.
FIG -6. Tila

DRUG REVIEW

FIG – 7. Tila Plant.

DRUG REVIEW

FIG – 8. Bala.

DRUG REVIEW

FIG -9. Bala mula
FIG -10. Bala mula choorun

DRUG REVIEW

DRUG REVIEW
SUDDHA BALA TAILAM.
Preparation of the drug:
Kalka Dravya : Bala Moola - ¼ prastha.
Sneha Dravya : Tila Taila – 1 prastha.
Drava DRAVYA : Bala Moola Kashaya – 2 prastha
Paya (Ksheera) - 2 prastha.
Indications : Sarva Vataroga.
The drug under trial have been prepaired in Rasa Shastra department,
N.K.J.A.M.C.BIDAR. Drug was Prepaired according to Shashtriya Snehapakavidhi. The
prepaired taila finally subjected to parameters of Samyaka Snehapaka Lakshana.
BALA41
Gana: cha.sam.- balya, brimaniya, prajasthapniya, madhuraskandha.
Sus.sam.- vata shamak.
Kula: karpasa kula.
Botanical name: sida cardifolia.
Family: malvaceae

DRUG REVIEW

English: countrymallow.
Sanskrit name: baladya, vatika, samanga, mahasamanga, bhadra,
Sanasa, kharayashti, sheetapaki, odanika, veeryabala.
Botonical description: It is a small shrub of height 5-10cm.
Root and trunk are strong hence it is called as bala.
Leaves:2.5-5cm long. 5cm broad, ciliate, round having 7-9 veins on it & serrated margin.
Flowers: yellow in colour & originate from the angle of leaf stalk. Flowers have 5 patals
& 5 sepals.
Fruits: like mango divided in to five parts.
Seeds: small ,dusky black & look like peas. The seeds are called as beeja banda. The
plants bears fruits at the end of the rainy season.
Varieties: there are four varieties as described in nighantu, which are known as bala
chatustaya.
Bala
Atibala
Mahabala
Nagabala

DRUG REVIEW

Habitate:All over india and shri lanka.
Chemical Composition42: major components of the seeds are alkaloids-contains mainly
EPHIDRINE. Also contains fatty acids, mucin, potassium nitrate & resin.
Pharmacological Properties:
Guna: guru, snigdha,pichilla.
Rasa: madhura.
Vipaka: madhura.
Veerya: sheeta.
Dosha karma: vata shamak due to guru,snigdha guna,pitta shamaka duu to madhura
guna,sheeta veerya.
External use: paste is vedana shamaka & shothahara.
Internal use: neural tonic & vata shamaka.
Digestive system: deflatulent & astringent.
Reproductive system: aphrodiasic.
Urinary System: diuretic.

DRUG REVIEW

TILAM41
Kula: tila.
Family: pedalianeac.
Latin name: sesamum indicum.
Sanskritname:tila,homadhanya,pavitra,pitrutarpan,papaghna,
jartil, vanodbhav, pootadhanya.
Botanical Description: annual herb of 1mt. height.
Stalk: soft,tender hairs.
Leaves: 7-12cm.long.
Flowers: tender,ciliated, bluish, whitish,brown or yellowish.
Seed: small white, brownish or black.
Varieties: white seed & black seed.
Chemical Composition: oil & proteins, calcium.
Properties: Guna: guru,snigdha.
Rasa: madhura.
Uparasa: kashaya, tikta.
Vipaka: madhura.

DRUG REVIEW

Dosha: vatashamak, VP prakopak,tridoshaghna.
Use: exelent snehana & analgesic.
Properties & Use Of Gdugdha36:
Sweetness; Coldness; Softness; Unctuousness; Density; Smoothness;
Slimness; Heaviness; Slowness; Clarity.
Dosha: vata & pitta shamak

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

SOURCES OF DATA:
i) Patient will be selected from the OPD of Prasuti and Stree Roga Dept. of Shri
Siddharoodha Charitable Hospital, attached to N.K.J. Ayurvedic Medical College
& P.G. Centre Bidar, Karnataka & other associated hospitals of the city.
ii) Samhita, modern books of medicine, physiology, & pharmacology.
iii) Journals, magazines, seminars, conferences.
iv) Pathological laboratory attached to the hospital.
v) Pharmacy attached to the College for preparation of Medicine.
vi) Research Compound will be given in the form of Matra Basti and Yoni Pichu.
METHODS OF COLLECTION OF DATA:
Being a clinical study, patients will be selected by Simple Randomized Sampling
method after thorough physical and laboratory investigations.
Sample Size: 30 patients will be selected according to the inclusion criteria. Patients will be
assigned in two groups:-
Group A (Treatment Group):
15 patients will be taken in the trial group.
A primi-gravida starting from 1st day of 9th month will be given Bala Tail Matra Basti
and Yoni Pichu for following duration in given doses:
Matra Basti: (Administered from the first day of 9th month)
Dose: 120ml
Duration: 10 days
Retention Period: 3 yama/9hrs.


Yoni Pichu:
Dose: 10-15 ml
Duration: 10 days
Dharana Kala: Mutrakalaparyantha (until the urge of urination)
(The Pichu will be removed under the supervision of Obstetrician)
Group B (Control Group):
A primi-gravida having completed 8th month will be given routine antenatal care and
labour managed as per modern system of medicine under the supervision of the modern
obstetrician attached to the ayurvedic hospital (follow up as per trial group).
Follow Up: Post partum.
INTERVENTION CHART:
Sr. Karma Procedure Retention time Duration

No
1. Poorva Karma -Snehana, Svedana- Oil
application and hot water bath. - 9 days
-Light Diet just before
administration.
-Light walking
2. Pradhana Karma -Matra Basti with Bala taila 9 hours/ 3
-Yoni Pichu dharana with Bala Yama
taila. Mutra
kalaparyanta
3. Paschat Karma -Massage over the lower
abdomen. -
-Flexion extension of legs.
-Keeping pillow below the
buttocks.
-Lukewarm water intake after
administration of Basti& light
diet after 3-4 hours of basti.
-Removal of pichu on the urge
of urination.
TABLE NO:3.


SELECTION CRITERIA:
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
i) Age group 18-35 year.
ii) All primi-gravida with vertex presentation.
iii) Gravid Women after 8th Month.
iv) Patients having adequate Pelvis.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:-
i) C.P.D
ii) Mal-presentation.
iii) Oligohydramnios.
iv) APH
v) Pregnancies complicated by jaundice, eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, twin pregnancy,
anaemia, PIH etc.
vi) Patients having other systemic pathology (TB, DM, HIV, HBsAg, etc).
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:-
1) Bishop’s Score
2) Partograph
3) Total duration of labour including 3 stage
Score for Assessment:

I. Descent of Head:
3 = 0 Station
2 =+1 Station
1 =+2 Station
0 =+3 Station
II. No. of contractions:
3=1/10 Minutes
2=2/10 Minutes
1=3/10 Minutes
0=4/10 Minutes


III. Duration of contraction:
3 =30 – 45 Seconds
2 =45 – 60 Seconds
1 =60 – 75 Seconds
0 =75 – 90 Seconds
4. cervical dilatation :
3 =0 to 2 cm
2 =2 to 4 cm
1 =5 to 7 cm
0 =8 to 10 cm
5. cervical effacement :
3 =0 to 20 %
2 =20 to 40 %
1 =50 to 70 %
0 =80 to 100 %
Results:
The result of whole study is graded as follows

(67-100%) - Normal labour with vaginal delivery.
(0-33%) - Forcep &Ventose .
(34-66%) -Caesarean Section.
I. Using the partograph:
A partogram provides a composite record of all the important features of labour on a

single sheet. Delay in labour can be detected early by the use of a partogram and timely
correction of dysfunctional labour is possible. Many variations of the original partogram are
now in use, modified to suit the local circumstances. The WHO partograph has been modified
to make it simpler and easier to use. The latent phase has been removed and plotting on the
partograph begins in the active phase when the cervix is 4cm dilated.
Record the following on the partograph:
Patient information:
Fill out name, gravida, para, hospital number date and time of admission and time of
ruptured membranes.
Fetal heart rate: Record every half hour.


Amniotic fluid:
Record the color of amniotic fluid at every vaginal examination.

I: Membranes intact
C: Membranes ruptured, clear fluid
M: Meconium – stained fluid
B: Blood – stained fluid
Cervical dilatation:
Assessed at every vaginal examination and marked with a cross (X). Begin plotting on
the partograph at 4 cm.
Alert line: A line starts at 4 cm of cervical dilatation to the point of expected full dilatation at
The rate of 1cm per hour.

Action linParallel and 4 hours to the right of the alert line.

Table No. 4. Station of the fetal head
Fifth formula Sinciput
5/5 +++++ ++++ Not engaged:floating above the brim
4/5 ++++ +++ Not engaged:fixing

3/5 +++ ++ Not engaged
2/5 ++ +just felt Just engaged

1/5 + Not felt Engaged
0/5 Head not palpable above the brim,no poles felt
abdominaly;head entirely in the pelvis ;deeply engaged.
Hours:
Refers to the time elapsed since onset of active phase of labour. (Observed and
extrapolated).
Time: Time recorded at hourly intervals in the space provided.
Contractions:
Chart every hour; palpate the number of contraction in 10 minutes and their duration
in seconds. The squares are shaded according to the duration of the contraction.


Oxytocics:
Record the amount of oxytocin per volume IV fluids in drops per minutes every 30
minutes when used. The concentration of syntocinon is noted on upper line & the rate of the
infusion in drops per minutes on the bottom line from the time the intravenous drip is started.
Drug Given : Record any additional drug given
Pulse : Record every 30 minutes and mark with a dot (.).
Blood pressure : Record every 4 hours and mark with arrows
Temperature : Record every 2 hours, in the bottom line.
Protein, acetone and volume: Record every time urine is passed.
Clinical Pelvimetry: Assessment of pelvis can be done by bimanual examination.
Time: at the beginning of labour.
Procedure: Empty the bladder, patient in dorsal position, aseptic precautions with dressings
and draping.
Features to be noted:
1. State of cervix
2. To note the station of the presenting part in relation to ischial spines
3. To test for CPD
4. To note the resilience and elasticity of the perineal muscles.
5. To note character of discharge if any.
Steps:
The internal examination should be gentle, thorough, methodical and purposeful.

Sterilized gloved fingers once taken out should not be reintroduced.
Sacrum:
It is smooth, well curved and usually inaccessible beyond lower three pieces. The
length, breadth and its curvature from above down and side to side are to be noted.
Sacro-sciatic notch:
Notch is sufficiently wide so that two fingers can be easily placed over the sacro-
spinous ligament covering the notch. The configuration of the notch denotes the capacity of
the posterior segment of the pelvis and the side walls of the lower pelvis.


Ischial spines: Spines are usually smooth and difficult to palpate. They may be prominent
and encroach upon the cavity thereby diminishing the available space in the mid pelvis.
Sacro-coccygeal joint: Its mobility and presence of hooked coccyx, if any, are noted.
Pubic arch: It is rounded and should accommodate the palmar aspect of two fingers.
Configuration of the arch is more important than pubic angle.
BISHO’S SCORING:
Each components is given a score of 0-2 or 0-3. The highest possible score is 13.
0 1 2 3
Position Posterior Intermediate Anterior -

Consistency Firm Intermediate Soft -
Effacement 0-30% 31-50% 51-80% >80%
Dilation 0 cm 1-2 cm 3-4 cm >5 cm
Fetal station -3 -2 -1, 0 +1, +2
TABLE NO:5

Interpretation
A score of 5 or less suggests that labour is unlikely to start without induction. A score of 9 or
more indicates that labour will most likely commence spontaneously. A low Bishop's score
often indicates that induction is unlikely to be successful. Some sources indicate that only a
score of 8 or greater is reliably predictive of a successful induction.

OBSERVATION AND RESULT
OBSERVATION AND RESULTS
The present study was carried out in total 30 patients in two groups as
prospective study by simple randomized method of selection. The patients were tested
in this clinical trial for drug efficacy. To evaluate the effect of trial treatment on
SUKHAPRASAVA, the data’s were collected and analyzed on the basis of
• Demographic findings
• Patient clinical findings
Criteria for assessment of statistical significance.
• P > 0.05 is ‘NS’ (Non-significant)
• P < 0.05 and > 0.001 is ‘S’ (Significant)
• P < 0.001 is ‘HS’ (Highly Significant)
The following observations were made during the course of the present clinical
research.

TABLE NO.6:SHOWING NO. OF PATIENTS IN BOTH GROUPS
GROUP NO. OF PATIENTS PERCENT
GROUP A 15 100%
GROUP B 15 100%
G-1.

TABLE NO - 7. INCIDENCE ACCORDING TO AGE .
Age in Group A (Trial) Group B Total

years. (Placebo)
No. of % No. of % No. of %
pts pts pts
18-19 o 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
20-21 5 33.33 9 60.00 14 46.67
22-23 3 20.00 5 33.33 8 26.67
24-25 4 26.67 1 6.67 5 16.67
26-27 2 13.33 0 0.00 2 6.67
28-29 1 6.67 0 0.00 1 3.33
G-2.

TABLE NO-8: INCIDENCE ACCORDING TO ACCORDING TO WEIGHT
IN Kg
Group B
WT.in Group A (Trial) Total
(Placebo)
Kg.
No. of No. of % No. of %
% pts
pts pts
40-45 1 6.67 1 0.00 0 0.00
46-50 2 13.33 4 60.00 14 46.67
51-55 1 6.67 4 33.33 8 26.67
56-60 4 26.67 3 6.67 5 16.67
61-65 4 26.67 3 0.00 2 6.67
66-70 1 6.67 0 0.00 1 3.33
G-3.

TABLE NO-9: INCIDENCE ACCORDING TO EDUCATIONAL STATUS.
Group A Group B
Sr. Total
Educational status (Trial) (Placebo)
No.
No. of No. of No. of
% % %
pts pts pts
22
1 Literate (Graduate) 11 73.33 11 73.33 73.33
2 Semiliterate 3 20 4 26.66 7 23.33

(Matriculate)
3 Illitrate 1 6.66 0 0 1 3.33
G-4.

TABLE NO-10: INCIDENCE ACCORDING TO SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS.
Group A Group B
Total
Sr. Socioeconomical (Trial) (Placebo)
No. status No. of No. of No. of
% % %
pts pts pts
3
1 Lower 2 13.33 1 6.66 10
2 Middle 9 60 10 66.66 19 63.33
3 Upper 4 26.66 4 26.66 8 26.66
G-5.

TABLE NO-11: INCIDENCE ACCORDING TO OCCUPATIONAL STATUS.
Group A Group B
Total
Sr. Occupational (Trial) (Placebo)
No. status No. of No. of No. of
% % %
pts pts pts
13
1 Student 6 40 7 46.66 43.33
2 Professional 8 53.33 7 46.66 15 50
3 Housewife 1 6.66 1 6.66 2 6.66
G-6.

TABLE NO-12: INCIDENCE ACCORDING TO AGNI.
Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

Sr. No. Agni
No. of pts % No. of pts % No. of pts %
4
1 Sama 2 13.33 2 13.33 13.33
2 Vishama 3 20 4 26.66 7 23.33
3 Manda 1 6.66 1 6.66 2 6.66
4 Tikshangni 9 60 8 53.33 17 56.66
G-7.

TABLE NO-13: Dilation of cervix on admission:
Group B
Dilatation Group A (Trial) Total
(Placebo)
of cx in
cm. No. of pts % No. of pts % No. of pts %
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 10 66.66 10 66.66
3 6 40 5 33.33 11 73.33
4 4 26.66 0 0 4 26.66
5 4 26.66 0 0 4 26.66
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 1 6.66 0 0 1 3.33
9 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-8.

TABLE NO-14: Dilation of cervix after 3hrs.:
Dilatation Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

of cx in
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 9 60 9 30
3 0 0 4 26.66 4 13.66
4 1 6.66 2 13.33 3 10
5 5 33.33 0 0 5 16.33
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 9 60 0 0 9 30
8 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-9.

TABLE NO-15 :Dilation of cervix after 6hrs.:

of cx in
cm. No. of
No. of pts % % No. of pts %
pts
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 1 6.66 5 33.33 6 20
5 0 0 2 13.33 2 6.66
6 5 33.33 0 0 5 16.66
7 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 9 60 8 53.33 17 56.66
9 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-10.

TABLE NO-16:Dilation of cervix after 9hrs.

of cx in
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 1 6.66 0 0 1 3.33
5 0 0 5 33.33 5 16.66
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 0 6 40 6 20
8 0 0 4 26.66 4 13.33
9 5 33.33 0 0 5 16.66
10 9 60 0 0 9 30
G-11.

TABLE NO-17: CERVICAL EFFACEMENT ON ADMISSION:
Cervical Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

effacement
in % No. of No. of
% % No. of pts %
pts pts
20 0 0 3 20 17 56.66
30 14 93.33 12 80 12 80
40 0 0 0 0 0 0
50 0 0 0 0 0 0
60 0 0 0 0 0 0
70 0 0 0 0 0 0
80 1 6.66 0 0 1 3.33
90 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-12.

TABLE NO-18: CERVICAL EFFACEMENT AFTER 3HRS:
Cervical Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

Effacement
in % No. of
% No. of pts % No. of pts %
pts
20 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 9 60 10 66.66 19 63.33
40 5 33.33 5 33.33 10 33.33
50 0 0 0 0 0 0
60 0 0 0 0 0 0
70 0 0 0 0 0 0
80 1 6.33 0 0 1 3.33
90 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-13.


of cx in
cm. No. of
pts
20 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 0 0 0 0 0
50 0 0 10 66.66 10 33.33
60 9 60 5 33.33 14 46.66
70 5 33.33 0 0 5 16.66
80 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 1 6.33 0 0 1 3.33
100 0 0 0 0 9 30
G-14.

Group B
Dilatation Group A (Trial) (Placebo)
Total
of cx in
20 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 0 0 0 0 0
50 0 0 0 0 0 0
60 0 0 5 33.33 5 16.66
70 2 13.33 6 40 8 26.66
80 6 40 4 26.66 10 33.33
90 3 20 0 0 3 10
100 4 26.66 0 0 4 13.33
G-15.

TABLE NO-21: STATION OF THE HEAD ON ADMISSION :
Station Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

of the
head No. of pts % No. of pts % No. of pts %
-3 0 0 0 0 0 0
-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
-1 4 26.66 5 33.33 9 30
0 5 33.33 7 46.66 12 40
1 6 40 4 26.66 10 33.33
2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-16.

TABLE NO-22: STATION OF THE HEAD AFTER 3HRS :

of the
-3 0 0 0 0 0 0
-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
-1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 10 66.66 15 100 25 83.33
2 5 33.33 0 0 5 16.66
3 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-17.

TABLE NO-23: STATION OF THE HEAD AFTER 6HRS:

of the
-3 0 0 0 0 0 0
-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
-1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 4 26.66 10 66.66 14 46.66
3 11 66.66 5 33.3 16 53.33
G-18.

TABLE NO-24: STATION OF THE HEAD AFTER 9HRS:

of the
head No. of
pts
-3 0 0 0 0 0 0
-2 0 0 0 0 0 0
-1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 1 6.66 8 53.33 9 60
3 14 93.33 7 46.33 21 70
G-19.

TABLE NO-25: NO.OF CONTRACTION ON ADMISSION:
No. of Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

contraction
In Ten No. of
Min. % No. of pts % No. of pts %
pts
1 6 40 13 86.6 19 63.66
2 8 53.34 2 13.33 10 33.33
3 1 6.66 0 0 1 3.33
4 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-20.

TABLE NO-26: NO.OF CONTRACTION AFTER 3HRS:

contraction
In Ten No. of
Min. % No. of pts % No. of pts %
pts
1 2 13.33 10 66.67 12 40
2 6 40 5 33.33 11 36.67
3 7 46.67 0 0 7 23.33
4 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-21.


Contraction
In Ten Min. No. of
pts
1 0 0 4 26.67 4 13.33
2 0 0 11 23.33 11 36.67
3 15 100 0 0 15 50
4 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-22.


Contraction
In Ten Min. No. of % No. of pts % No. of pts %
pts
1 0 0 4 26.66 4 13.33
2 0 0 11 73.33 11 36.66
3 6 40 0 0 6 20
4 9 60 0 0 9 30
G-23.

TABLE NO-29: DURATION OF CONTRACTION ON ADMISSION:
Duration Group A (Trial) Group B (Placebo) Total

of
contraction No. of No. of No. of
% % %
pts pts pts
GRADE3 5 33.33 8 53.33 13 43.33
GRADE2 9 60 7 46.67 16 53.33
GRADE1 1 6.67 0 0 1 3.33
GRADE0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-24.

TABLE NO-30: DURATION OF CONTRACTION AFTER 3HRS:

No. of
contraction No. of
pts
GRADE3 0 0 0 0 0 0
GRADE2 11 73.33 15 100 26 86.67
GRADE1 4 26.67 0 0 4 13.33
GRADE0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-25.


No. of
contraction No. of No. of
% No. of pts % %
pts pts
GRADE3 0 0 0 0 0 0
GRADE2 4 26.67 15 100 19 63.33
GRADE1 11 73.33 0 0 11 36.67
GRADE0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G-26.


No. of
contraction No. of
pts
GRADE3 0 0 0 0 6 20
GRADE2 0 0 9 60 9 30
GRADE1 6 40 6 40 12 40
GRADE0 9 60 0 0 9 30
G-27.

Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 1st stage of labour in 30

primipara patients:TABLE ON 33:
group Mean(in S.D. ± S.E. ± t ± p ±

hrs)
A 11.25 4.77 1.69 6.65 <0.001
B 12.87 2.53 o.89 14.40 <0.001
G-28.

Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 2st stage of labour in 30
primipara patients:TABLE 34:
Mean(in
group S.D. ± S.E. ± t ± p ±
hrs)
A 2.87 1.48 0.52 5.51 <0.01
B 2.43 1.23 0.40 6.07 <0.001
G-29.

Comparision of the effect of the therapy on the 3rd stage of labour in 30
primipara patients:TABLE NO:35.
group Mean(in S.D. ± S.E. ± t ± p ±

hrs)
A 0.14 0.07 0.02 7.00 <0.001
B 0.13 0.06 0.02 5.41 <0.001
G-30.

Table No. 36 :CLINICAL COURSE OF LABOUR ACCORDING TO SIGN &

SYMPTOMS OF A TRIAL GROUP :
On add. Mean
Mean ± S.E.
Follow up
Remark
T-value
p-value
p-value
± S.E.
Sign and
Df
Symptoms
3hrs 1.66±0.12 7.607215 1.59E‐06 < 0.001 HS

± 0.1309
DESENT OF
HEAD 6hrs 0.26±0.11 13.68941 7.01E‐10 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.06±0.06 17.50602 2.15E‐11 <0.001 HS
3hrs 1.66+0.18 5.170966 0.000114 <0.001 HS

NO. OF
± 0.1593
CONTRACTION 6hrs 1.07±0.06 6.215543 1.65E‐05 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.4±0.13 8.137849 6.97E‐07 <0.001 HS
3hrs 1.73±0.11 4.496365 0.000426 <0.001 HS

± 0.1333
DURATION OF
CONTRACTION 6hrs 1.26±0.11 14 8.644189 3.28E‐07 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.4±0.13 15.20114 1.61E‐10 <0.001 HS
9.113751 1.67E‐07 < 0.001 HS

±0.0666
3hrs 1.06±0.06
DILATATION
OF CERVIX
6hrs 0.46±0.16 8.507951 4E‐07 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.13±0.13 11.72763 5.91E‐09 <0.001 HS
3hrs 1.93±0.06 0.997628 0.334282 >0.05 NS

±0.1069
EFFACEMENT
OF CERVIX 6hrs 0.93±0.06 14.88667 2.16E‐10 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.13±0.09 18.84449 7.46E‐12 <0.001 HS

This table shows result of group A at final follow up which shows highly
significant result of all parameters (P<o.oo1) except the effacement of cervix.
Table No. 37 CLINICAL COURSE OF LABOUR ACCORDING TO SIGN &

SYMPTOMS OF A CONTROL GROUP:
On add. Mean
Mean ± S.E.
Follow up
Remark
T-value
p-value
p-value
± S.E.
Sign and
Df
Symptoms
3hrs 2.060± 06 6.03222 2.3E-05 < 0.001 HS

±0.1333
DESENT OF
HEAD 6hrs 0.73±0.11 12.66273 2.07E-09 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.530±13 11.87676 4.98E-09 <0.001 HS
3hrs 0.26±0.12 1.861279 0.082418 >0.05 NS

NO. OF
CONTRACTION 6hrs 0.26±0.11 4.496365 0.000426 <0.001 HS
±0.0908
9hrs 0.26±0.11 4.496365 0.000426 <0.001 HS
3hrs 2.06±0.06 3.937714 0.001316 >0.001 S

DURATION OF
±0.1333
CONTRACTION 6hrs 1.93±0.06 14 3.937714 0.001316 >0.001 S
9hrs 1.6±0.13 5.024032 0.000151 <0.001 HS
3hrs 2.6±0.13 0.997628 0.334282 >0.05 NS

DILATATION
OF CERVIX
±0.1259
6hrs 0.8±0.24 5.923851 2.79E-05 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.33±0.12 11.7733 5.61E-09 <0.001 HS
3hrs 1.93±0.06 1.861279 0.082418 >0.05 NS

± 0.1069
EFFACEMENT
OF CERVIX 6hrs 1.06±0.06 10.6411 2.19E-08 <0.001 HS
9hrs 0.73±0.11 8.507951 4E-07 <0.001 HS

In Group B the no.of contraction and duration of contraction shows highly
significant result after 3rd follow up as p<0.001
TABLE NO.:38. TOTAL EFFECT OF THERAPY ON 30 PATIENTS:

TYPE OF
LABOUR No. of
pts
NORMAL 10 66.66 6 40 16 53.33
FORCEP 0 0 1 6.66 1 3.33
VENTOSE 0 0 2 13.33 2 6.66
C.S. 5 33.33 6 40 11 36.66
G-31.

Above table shows that among the labour of 30 pts 66.66% labour of grp.A,40% of
grp.B were normal.6.66% labour of grp.B were forcep.13.33% labour of grp.B were
ventose.33.33%labour of grp.A,40% labour of grp.B were C.S.

DISCUSSION

DISCUSSION
Charaka in the context of Garbhini masanumasika Paricharya phalashruti told that,
Anuvasana Basti will soften kukshi, kati, parshwa and prishtha regions, make anulomana of
apana vayu and corrects the natural urges. This explanation indicates that Prasuti maruta1
which is essential at the time of labour (which is the derivative of Apana vayu) will be
maintained in its normal state and ultimately the ‘Sukhaprasava’ entity is satisfied2. As the
water poured at the root of a tree will reach each and every part, similarly the basti spreads
into all over the body and shows the effect3. Both Sushrutha and Charaka explain that, basti
will clear all the doshas of the body by its veerya like the absorption of water from universe
by Sun4,5. It implies the meaning that only basti can be capable of maintaining the normal
physiology of body, ultimately it acts on labour procedure also.
Bala has ephedrine component which acts as smooth muscle relaxant6 property. As
the cervix and uterus contain smooth muscles, so it helps in proper dilatation of the cervix
and maintains the rhythm of uterine contractions.
It is scientifically proved that the mode of action of basti is through the absorption of
the drugs. The drugs used in the basti are absorbed by small and large intestines. Fat soluble
contents are easily absorbed in the intestines as in comparision of water soluble contents,
because fat digests and absorbs through the intestine only. Following the insertion of basti,
the intestine becomes distended due to fluid accumulation. By distention certain neuro-
endocrine secretions are released. Neuro-endocrine denotes the endocrine which influences
on nerves as well as influenced by nerves. It means the endocrine affects the nervous system
as well as affected by nervous system
It is experimentally proved that after the administration of Anuvasan basti the element named
pyruvic acid in ketoacids decreases (Ayu Panchakarma vignana, page no.488). When pyruvic acid

DISCUSSION

decreases, vit B1 increases in the blood stream. Vit B helps to regulate the functioning of nervous
system. It also relieves vague symptoms like epigastric pain, anorexia, flatulence and constipation. It
improves the muscle tone and relieves general fatigue.
When all three stages of labor occurs without any complications & in normal time
period, then we can say it as Sukhaprasava.
During labor Apana Vayu plays a great role .
Detailed description about process of labor & its management is given in ayurvedic &
mordern classics.
Present study was carried out on BALA TAIL MATRA BASTI & PICHU basti given
by anal route and pichu placed in posterior fornix for first 10 days of 9th month.
Animal study has shown oxytocic activity of bala without any major side effects and
complications.
Vital parameters related to normal labour like change in station of head, cervical
dilatation & effacement, number of contractions in 10 minutes, duration of contractions were
analyzed and observations are noted at 3 hrs, 6 hrs, and 9hrs duration at the time of labour.
Two groups were made for study. Group A consists 15 patients to whom BALA TAIL
MATRA BASTI AND PICHU given And Group B consists 15 patients to whom modern
obstratical treatment given. In each group, all patients were 18 to 30 years age and
primigravida.
To assess effect of BALA TAIL MATRA BASTI AND PICHU the drug has been
tried on primigravida patients only to nullify the effect of laxity of muscles on labour and to
avoid precipitate labour if at all, as generally occurs in multigravida
For progress assessment PARTOGRAPH was prepared for all patients.
At first follow up ,in Group A there was highly significant effect on cervical dilatation
,effacement , descent of head & duration of contraction as p value is < 0.001 and has shown

DISCUSSION

significant effect on number of contractions as the p value is <0.01.
At second follow up also in Group A there was highly significant effect on cervical
dilatation ,effacement , descent of head & duration of contraction as p value is < 0.001 and
has shown significant effect on number of contractions as the p value is <0.01.
In third follow up, group A patients has shown highly significant results on all the
parameters. It is observed that in Group B patients there was no any remarkable change
noted. Out of 15 patients two were having good contractions with effacement at the time of
admission & timely dilatation of cervix have delivered. normally. Other remaining patient did
not show significant improvement in the assessment parameters .
The difference of observations of both groups were statistically proved to be highly
significant (p< 0.001)
Total duration of all three stages taken by patients in Group A was between 11.25 hrs
& that of Group B patients was between 12.87 hrs.
In group A 10 patients delivered vaginally with normal labour without any complication and
good neonatal apgar score.
During the course of administration of basti I was observed the symptoms like
vomiting and loose motion in one patient and then reduced the drug dose up to 60ml
,afterwords all symptoms reduced and patient was comfortable .
In group A, out of remaining five patients . 4 patients underwent caesarian section
among them 3 patients for fetal distress and 1 in which it was found to have cord around neck
twice and baby weight 3.5 kg, another 1 patient in which abruption of placenta was seen.

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION
1.Bala Tail is having oxytocic property and uterine stimulant activity.
2. bala having chemical content Ephidrin46 its having properties like smooth muscle
relaxant which helps for dilatation of cervix.
3. Bala is having quality like balya so it helps to increasing pain bearing capacity of the
delivering women,as says that pain felt by delivering women is equal to breaking of 20
bone46.
4. basti regulates the function of Apana vayu41.
5. Bala and Tila acts on uterine myometrium and causes contraction33.
6. The active principles of drugs get absorbed through mucosal layer of vagina35.
7. It is economic, easily available and easy to administe.
8. No local and systemic adverse effects are seen.
9. It can be taken into consideration for routine practice for active management of labour.
10. A further research is required in big samples by using bala Tail Basti and Pichu for
induction of labour.

SUMMARY

SUMMARY
This clinical study entitle ‘ROLE OF MATRA BASTI & YONI PICHU FOR
SUKHAPRASAVA’ It comprises following chapters viz. Literature review, Drug review,
Clinical study, Discussion, Summary & Conclusion.
First it deals with the literary aspect of Garbhini Paricharya are – derivation &
definition of Garbhini Paricharya, Garbhini Paricharya according to different Acharyas,
Masanumasika Paricharya, Benefits of monthly regimen,Medications – Matra Basti and
Yoni Pichu; Advantages of Garbhini Paricharya, Role Of Vata In Sukhaprasava The main
heading covered under Prasava are – Definition of Prasava and Sukha Prasava, Causes of
initation of Labour, Stages of Labour,Mechanism of Labour , Normal Uterine action, Stage
wise Manegment of Labour.
Second chapter contains the brief description of drug selected for this study.
Third chapter deals with clinical study. In this study 15 patients were treated in group
A and 15 patients were treated in group B to know the comparative effect of the drugs. The
selection of patients ,method adopter to give the drug and observations made have been
described in details in this chapter.
The results obtained in this thesis have been discussed in the fourth chapter.
In the last chapter the conclusion drawn have been mentioned.

Bibliography
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1) Gupta Atridev. Sushruta Samhita Part-II commented by Ghanekar Shribaskar
Govindji. Varanasi, Chaukhamba Vidyabhavan, 1998.
2) Ayurvedic Panchakarma Vigyana- By Vd.Shridher Kasture.
3) Cunningham FG et.Al., Williams Obstetrics. 22nd edition. USA: Appleton and Lange;
1997.
4) Decherney Alan H., Lauren Nathan. Current Obestetrics and Gynaecologic Diagnosis
and Treatment. 9th edition; Mc Graw Hill Medical Publication Division,New Delhi.
5) Dutta D.C.. Text book of Obestetrics. II Edition, Calcutta, New Central book agency
(P) Ltd, 1994.
6) EDMonds D.Keith. Dewhurst’s Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 7th edition;
Blackwell publishing, Australia;2007
7) Gupta Atridev. Sushruta Samhita Part-II commented by Ghanekar Shribaskar
8) Harry oxorn, oxorn-foote human labour and birth, 5th edition, Toronto, the
mcgrawhill companies, Inc, (2000).
9) Mahajan B.K. Methods of Biostatistics. 6th Edition, Mumbai, Oaypee brothers, 2004.
10) Pandey Gyanendra. Dravayaguna-vijnana.vol II- I edition , Varanasi, Chaukhambha
vishwabharathi, Uttar Pradesh; 2005.

Bibliography
11) Punyashlok Shri Pandit Vaidya Lalchandra Shastri. Ashtanga Hridaya
(Sarvangasundar Vyakhyasahit). Delhi, Mothilal Banarasidas Publishers, Private
limited,1990.
12) Punyashlok Shri Pandit Vaidya Lalchandra Shastri. Ashtanga Sangraha
(Sarvangasundar Vyakhyasahit). Delhi, Bhaidyanath Ayurved Bhavan Private
limited, 1989.
13) Sharma P.V Sharma.Dravayaguna-vijnana.vol II- I edition , Varanasi, Chaukhambha
vishwabharathi, 2002.
14) Sharma Priyavrata & Guruprasad Sharma . Kaiyadevo-Nighantu. I edition, Varanasi,
Chaukhambha Orientalia,1979.
15) Tewari P.V.. Ayurvediya Prasutitantra evam Striroga. Part I Prasutitantra, II edition,
Varanasi, Chaukhambha orientalia, 1999.
16) Tewari P.V.. Kashyapa Samhita with English translation & commentary. I edition,
Varanasi, Chaukhambha Vishvabharathi, 2002.
17) Shastri Ambika Datta. Bhaishajya Ratnavali, Varanasi : Chaukhambha Sanskrit
Sansthan Publishers, 1993.
18) Shastri Ramavalabha. Harita Samhita (Hindi) . I edition , Varanasi, Prachiya
Prakashan,1985.

Bibliography
19) Shri Misra Brahmasankara and Sri Vaisa Rupaliji-Bhavprakash of Sri Bhavmisra.
with “Vidyotini Hindi commentary. I & II part, Varanasi, Choukhamba Sanskrit
Samsthan, 1984, 1983.
20) The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Part-1 Vol. II, 1st edition, Govt. of India,
Department of Indian System of Medicin and Homeopathy, New Delhi; 1999.
21) Tripathi Brahmanand .Charaka Samhita of Agnevesh with Hindi Commetry Charak
Chandrika. Vol I and II. I edition, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan,
2004.
22) Tripathi Brmhananda. Sharangdhara Samhita (Hindi).I edition, Varanasi,
Chaukhambha Surbharathi Prakshan. 1990.
23) Vaidya Acharya Jadavji Trikamji and Acharaya Kavya Tirtha Narayan Ram & Prof.
Sharma P.V. Sushruthasamhita of Sushruta with the Nibandha Sangraha Commentry
of Shri. Dalahanacharya and the Nyayanchandrika Panika of Shri Gayadasacharya on
Nidansthana, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Orientalia, 1997.
24) Vaidya Shastri Shrilakshmipati, Yog Ratnakar with vidyotini Hindi Commentry,
Varanasi, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Samsthana; 1993.
25) Vaidya V.M. Gogte. Ayurvedic Pharmacology & Therapeutic uses of Medicinal
plants. I edition, Mumbai, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 2000.
26) Vd. Mukund Sabnis. Chemistry and Pharmacology of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants.vol
12- I edition , Varanasi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Bhavan, Uttar Pradesh; 2006.
27) www.google.com (accessed on 9/01/2011)


CLASSICAL REFRENCES

REFRENCES
1. ूबुित अचेतन ् बीजधिमनी ूसवधिमिन॥ (सु. शा. १/८)
2. अप यनम ् मुलम ् नय: परम ् ुुनम ्॥ (च.िच. ३०/५)
3. एकपदो यमकुले पद एक इह ःथत: |
पूणिमव तैलपाऽमस ोभयताऽ तव ी भव युपचया॥
शुबाॐुगा माशयकालसंप यःयोपचार च हतैःतथाऽ नै:।
गभ च काले च सुखी सुखं च संजायते संप रपुणदे :॥ (का.सं जाित.)
4. नवमे तु ख वेनां मासे मधुरौषधिस े न तैलेनानुवासयेत ्।
अन चेवाःयाःतैलात ् पचुं योनौ ूणये भःथानमागःनेहनाथम ्॥“ (च.शा.८/४०)
5. mÉëxÉuÉÈ mÉÑÇ, (mÉë + xÉÑ + “GSÉåUmÉç” | 3/3/57
CûirÉmÉç | aÉpÉïqÉÉåcÉlÉqÉç | iÉiÉç mÉrrÉÉïrÉÈ | mÉëxÉÔÌiÉÈ 2 / CiuÉqÉUÈ |

3/2/10 ||
6. xÉ cÉÉåmÉÎxjÉiÉMüÉsÉå eÉlqÉÌlÉ mÉëxÉÔÌiÉqÉÉÂiÉrÉÉåaÉÉiÉç

mÉËUuÉ×¨rÉÉuÉÉMçüÍvÉUÉ ÌlÉw¢üÉqÉirÉmÉirÉmÉjÉå,
LwÉÉ mÉëM×üÌiÉÈ ÌuÉM×üÌiÉÈ mÉÑlÉUiÉÉåÅlrÉjÉÉ | mÉUÇ iuÉiÉÈ

xuÉ¦§ÉuÉ×ÌiÉpÉïuÉÌiÉ || cÉ.vÉÉ. 6/24
7. xÉ rÉÉåÌlÉÇ ÍvÉUxÉÉ rÉÉÌiÉ xuÉpÉÉuÉÉiÉç mÉëxÉuÉÇ mÉëÌiÉ | xÉÑ.vÉÉ. 5/4
8. ….... xuÉpÉÉuÉiÉç mÉÔuÉïMüqÉÉïmÉå¤ÉÉiÉç || xÉÑ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 5/45 MüÐ
QûsWûhÉ OûÏMüÉ
9. lÉuÉqÉå SvÉqÉå qÉÉÍxÉ lÉÉUÏ oÉÉsÉÇ mÉëxÉÔrÉiÉå |
LMüÉSvÉå ²ÉSvÉå uÉÉ iÉiÉÉåÅlrÉ§É ÌuÉMüÉUiÉÈ|rÉÉå.U.x§ÉÏUÉåaÉ ÍcÉ.

(mÉëxÉuÉqÉÉxÉqÉÉWû),
CLASSICAL REFRENCES

pÉÉ.mÉë.mÉÔuÉï. 3/308, 340, ÍcÉ. 70/102
10.
iÉÉåMüSÉåwÉrÉÉåUåMüÉSvÉ²ÉSvÉqÉÉxÉrÉÉåUsmÉSÉåwÉiuÉålÉÉSÉåwÉmÉ¤É
LuÉ ÌlÉ¤ÉåmÉÉSè oÉÉåkSurÉqÉç ||
cÉ.xÉÇ.vÉ 4/25 cÉ¢ü. OûÏMüÉ)
11. iÉÎxqÉÇxiuÉåMüÉWûrÉÉiÉåÅÌmÉ MüÉsÉÈ xÉÔiÉåUiÉÈ mÉUqÉç |
uÉwÉÉïÌ²MüÉUMüÉUÏ xrÉÉiÉ MÑü¤ÉÉæ uÉÉiÉålÉ kÉÉËUiÉÈ || A.WØû.vÉÉ.

1/66
12. iÉÎxqÉllÉåMüÌSuÉxÉÉÌiÉ¢üÉliÉåÅÌmÉ
mÉëxÉuÉMüÉsÉqÉÉWÒûUÉxÉÇuÉixÉUÉiÉç |
AiÉÈ mÉUÇ ÌuÉMüÉËU pÉuÉÌiÉ | A.xÉ.vÉÉ. 2/30
13. SvÉqÉåÇ cÉ mÉëxÉÔrÉåiÉ iÉjÉæMüÉSvÉqÉåÅÌmÉuÉÉ |
eÉÉrÉiÉå iÉxrÉ uÉæUÉarÉÇ aÉpÉïuÉÉxÉÉxrÉ MüÉUhÉÉiÉç || WûÉ. xÉÇ.

wÉ¸xjÉÉlÉ 1/23
14. lÉuÉqÉÉÌSwÉÑ qÉÉxÉåwÉÑ eÉlqÉ cÉÉvcÉ rÉjÉÉ¢üqÉqÉç |
mÉÔuÉïSåWûM×üiÉÇ MüqÉï aÉpÉÉïuÉÉxÉxÉÑZÉÉxÉÑZÉqÉç ||
eÉÉiÉÈ xqÉUÌiÉ iÉÉuÉccÉ rÉÉuÉ³ÉÉåmÉæÌiÉ eÉÏÌuÉMüÉqÉç || MüÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ.

2/11
SvÉqÉÉxÉÇ aÉpÉïuÉÉxÉÈ | MüÉ. xÉÇ. vÉÉ. 2/12
15. MüÉsÉxrÉ mÉËUhÉÉqÉålÉ qÉÑ£üÇ uÉ×liÉÉ±jÉÉ TüsÉqÉç ||
mÉëmÉ±iÉå xuÉpÉÉuÉålÉ lÉÉlrÉjÉÉ mÉÌiÉiÉÑÇ kÉëÑuÉqÉç |
LuÉÇ MüÉsÉmÉëMüwÉåïhÉ qÉÑ£üÉå lÉÉQûÏÌlÉoÉlkÉlÉÉiÉç |

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

aÉpÉÉïvÉrÉxjÉÉå rÉÉå aÉpÉÉåï eÉlÉlÉÉrÉ mÉëmÉ±iÉå || xÉÑ.xÉÇ.ÌlÉ. 8/7,8
16. xÉqmÉÔhÉï aÉÉ§ÉÉå pÉuÉÌiÉ rÉSÉ xÉ UxÉpÉÉÌuÉiÉÈ |
iÉSÉ mÉëxÉÉæirÉjÉÉMüÉvÉÇ (sÉÇ) aÉpÉïÈ x§ÉÏMÑüÍ¤ÉÌuÉcrÉÑÌiÉÈ ||pÉåsÉ

xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 3/13
17. iÉÎxqÉ³ÉåMüÌSuÉxÉÉÌiÉ¢üÉliÉåÅÌmÉ lÉuÉqÉçÇ qÉÉxÉqÉÑmÉÉSÉrÉ

mÉëxÉuÉMüÉsÉÍqÉirÉÉWÒûUÉSvÉqÉÉlqÉÉxÉÉiÉç |
LiÉÉuÉÉlÉç mÉëxÉuÉMüÉsÉÈ, uÉæMüÉËUMüqÉiÉÈ mÉUÇ

MÑü¤ÉÉuÉuÉxjÉÉlÉÇ aÉpÉïxrÉ | cÉ.vÉÉ. 4/25
18. LuÉÇ eÉPûUxjÉÉå aÉpÉÉåï eÉlqÉMüÉsÉå iÉÑ
mÉëxÉÔÌiÉqÉÉÂiÉrÉÉåaÉÉimÉËUuÉ×irÉÉÅuÉÉMçüÍvÉUÉÌlÉw¢üÉqÉirÉlÉÑcÉÉmÉ
UÉ
crÉÑiÉÉ qÉÉiÉ×WØûSrÉÉiÉç | LwÉÉ mÉëM×üÌiÉ È | ÌuÉM×üÌiÉUiÉÉåÅlrÉjÉÉ ||

A.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 2/35
19. eÉPûUxjÉÉå aÉpÉïÈ mÉëxÉÔÌiÉuÉvÉÉiÉç mÉ×¸ÉÍpÉqÉÑZÉiuÉÉiÉç
mÉËUuÉ×irÉ lÉÉprÉÉÍpÉqÉÑZÉÉå pÉÔiuÉÅuÉÉMçüÍvÉUÉ ÌlÉw¢üÉqÉÌiÉ,
AÉuÉÉMçüÍvÉUÉ AkÉÉåqÉÑZÉÈ | A.xÉÇ.vÉÉ.2/35 MüÐ ClSÒ OûÏMüÉ
20. LuÉqÉuÉÉMçü mÉËUuÉiÉïiÉå aÉpÉïÈ | iÉxrÉ sÉ¤ÉhÉqÉç |
ÌuÉqÉÑcrÉ WØûSrÉqÉÑSUqÉÉÌuÉvÉÌiÉ oÉÉÎxiÉÍvÉUÉåÅuÉWûaÉ×WûhÉÌiÉ |
iuÉUrÉliÉrÉålÉqÉÉurÉÈ | lÉ cÉåSåuÉÇ mÉËUuÉiÉïiÉå

…..MüÉUÌrÉiÉurÉÉlÉliÉUÉå£üÇÌuÉÍkÉqÉç || A.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 3/6
21. aÉpÉïxiÉÑ ZÉsÉÑ qÉÉiÉÑÈ mÉ×¸ÉÍpÉqÉÑZÉ FkuÉïÍvÉUÉÈ
xÉXçMÑücrÉÉaXûÉlrÉÉxiÉåÅliÉÈ MÑü¤ÉÉæ || cÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 6/22

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

xÉ rÉSÉ eÉÉlÉÏrÉÉÌ²qÉÑcrÉ WØûSrÉqÉÑSUqÉxrÉÉxiuÉÉÌuÉvÉÌiÉ,
uÉÎxiÉÍvÉUÉåÅuÉaÉ×ºûÉÌiÉ,
iuÉUrÉlirÉålÉÉqÉurÉ; mÉËUuÉiÉïiÉåÅkÉÉå aÉpÉï CÌiÉ | cÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 8/39
22. aÉpÉï mÉëirÉÉirÉuÉÉaÉåuÉÇ, iÉÉÎssÉaXûÇ WØûÌ²qÉÉå¤ÉiÉÈ ||
AÉÌuÉvrÉ eÉPûUÇ aÉpÉÉåï oÉxiÉåÃmÉËU ÌiÉ¸ÌiÉ | A.WØû.vÉÉ. 1/79-80
23. rÉSÉ aÉpÉÉåïSMüÇ rÉÉålÉÉæ xÉvÉÔsÉÇ xÉÇmÉëuÉiÉïiÉå |
MüÉsÉålÉ cÉÉåÌSiÉÉå aÉpÉÉåï ÌuÉqÉÑcrÉ WØûSrÉÉåSUqÉç ||
oÉÎxiÉvÉÏwÉïqÉkÉÉåpÉÉaÉqÉuÉaÉ×WûhÉÉÌiÉ eÉlqÉÌlÉ |
asÉÉÌlÉ¶É eÉÉrÉiÉåÅirÉjÉïÇ rÉÉålrÉÑimÉÏQûlÉpÉåSlÉqÉç ||
CirÉåiÉæÈ MüÉUhÉæÌuÉkÉÉªpÉïxrÉ mÉËUuÉiÉïlÉqÉç |
AjÉÉxrÉÉÈ mÉëxÉuÉ¶ÉåÌiÉ iÉiÉÈ mÉrÉïXûMçüqÉÂWåûiÉç || MüÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ.

5/44,45,46
24. qÉÑZÉasÉÉÌlÉÈ YsÉqÉÉåÅaXûÉlÉÉqÉÍ¤ÉoÉlkÉlÉqÉÑ£üiÉÉ |
MÑü¤Éå´gÉ xrÉÉSuÉxÉëÇxÉxiuÉkÉÉåpÉÉaÉxrÉ aÉÉæUuÉqÉç ||
mÉ×¸mÉÉúÉïMüOûÏoÉÉÎxiÉuÉÇ¤ÉhÉÇ cÉÉÌiÉiÉÑ±ÉÌiÉ |
rÉÉåÌlÉmÉëxÉëuÉhÉÉæSÉrÉïpÉ£ü²åwÉÉUÌiÉYsÉqÉÉÈ || MüÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ.
5/22,23
25. lÉuÉqÉSvÉqÉåMüÉSvÉ²ÉSvÉÉlÉÉqÉlrÉiÉqÉÉÎxqÉlÉç eÉÉrÉiÉå |
AiÉÉåÅlrÉjÉÉ ÌuÉMüÉUÏ pÉuÉÌiÉ |
AÉSvÉqÉÉÌSÌiÉ uÉcÉlÉÇ mÉëvÉxiÉiÉUmÉëxÉuÉMüÉsÉÉÍpÉmÉëÉrÉåhÉ |
xÉÑ´ÉÑiÉå ²ÉSvÉqÉÉxÉmÉrÉïÇiÉ xÉqrÉYmÉëxÉuÉMüÉsÉÉÍpÉkÉÉlÉÇ |

xÉÑ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 3/30

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

eÉÉiÉå ÌWû ÍvÉÍjÉsÉå MÑü¤ÉÉæ qÉÑ£åü WØûSrÉoÉlkÉlÉå |
xÉvÉÔsÉå eÉkÉlÉå lÉÉUÏ ¥ÉårÉÉ xÉ iÉÑ mÉëeÉÉÌrÉlÉÏ || xÉÑ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 10/8
iÉ§ÉÉåmÉÎxjÉiÉmÉëxÉuÉÉrÉÉÈ MüOûÏmÉ×¸Ç mÉëÌiÉ xÉqÉliÉÉ²åSlÉÉ

pÉuÉirÉpÉÏ¤hÉÇ
mÉÑUÏwÉmÉëuÉ×Í¨ÉqÉÔï§ÉÇ mÉëÍxÉcrÉiÉå rÉÉåÌlÉqÉÑZÉÉiÉç vsÉåwqÉÉ cÉ

| xÉÑ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 10/9
AjÉ eÉÉiÉxrÉÉåsuÉqÉmÉlÉÏrÉ | xÉÑ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 10/14
26, iÉxrÉÉxiÉÑ ZÉÉÎsuÉqÉÉÌlÉ ÍsÉaXûÉÌlÉ |
iÉiÉÉåÅlÉliÉUqÉÉuÉÏlÉÉÇ mÉëSÒpÉÉïuÉÈ, mÉëxÉåMü¶É aÉpÉÉåïSMüxrÉ ||

cÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 8/36
xÉ rÉSÉ eÉÉlÉÏrÉÌ²qÉÑcrÉ WØûSrÉqÉÑSUqÉxrÉÉxiuÉÉÌuÉvÉÌiÉ,

mÉëuÉÉWûÌrÉiÉÑqÉÑmÉ¢üqÉåiÉ |
Í¤ÉÌiÉeÉïsÉÇ MüÉÌiÉïMåürÉÉÍpÉUÍ¤ÉiÉqÉç CÌiÉ || cÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 8/39,40
iÉiÉÈ MüsmÉlÉÇ lÉÉQûrÉÉÈ | CÌiÉ lÉÉQûÏMüsmÉlÉÌuÉÍkÉÂ£üÈ xÉqrÉMçü

|| cÉ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 8/44
27. iÉ§ÉÉxÉ³ÉmÉëxÉuÉÉrÉÉÈ YsqÉÉå asÉÉÌlÉqÉÑï£üoÉlkÉlÉå |
iÉSlÉliÉUqÉÉuÉÏlÉÉÇ mÉëÉSÒpÉÉïuÉÉå aÉpÉÉåïSMümÉëuÉÉWû¶É ||

A.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 3/13
AjÉælÉÉqÉÑmÉÉÎxjÉiÉaÉpÉÉï M×üiÉMüÉæiÉÑMüqÉaXûsÉÉ |
xÉÔÌiÉMüÉÇ xÉÔlÉ×iÉÉÍpÉuÉÉïhÉÏÍpÉUúÉÉxÉrÉlirÉ mÉrÉÑïmÉÉxÉÏUlÉç ||

A.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 3/14

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

AjÉ mÉëxÉÔiÉÉrÉÉ lÉ cÉåSmÉUÉ mÉiÉÌiÉ iÉiÉÉå SÍ¤ÉhÉålÉ mÉÉÍhÉlÉ
lÉÉpÉåÂmÉËU·ÉSèoÉsÉuÉSÒmÉmÉÏQûrÉ
AlrÉålÉ mÉ×¸iÉ EmÉxÉXèûaÉ×½ ÌuÉkÉÑlÉÑrÉÉiÉç || A.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 3/27
28. A±úÉÈ mÉëxÉuÉåasÉÉÌlÉÈ MÑü¤rÉÍ¤É´sÉjÉiÉÉ YsÉqÉ |
aÉpÉÉåïSMüx§ÉÑÌiÉÈ || A.WØû.vÉÉ. 1/74,76
29 . iÉå ÌWû | lÉÉUÏ ÌuÉ¥ÉårÉÉ mÉëxÉuÉÉåixÉÑMüÉ || pÉÉ.mÉë.mÉÔuÉï. 3/342
AÉxÉ³ÉmÉëxÉuÉÉrÉÉxiÉÑ MüOûÏmÉ×¸Ç iÉÑ xÉurÉjÉqÉç |
pÉuÉålqÉÑWÒûÈ mÉëuÉ×Í¨É¶É qÉÔ§ÉxrÉ cÉ qÉsÉxrÉ cÉ | pÉÉ.mÉë.mÉÔuÉï

3/343
30. AÉxÉ³ÉmÉëxÉuÉÉåmÉcÉÉUÉÌS AjÉælÉÉÇ mÉëeÉlÉÉÌrÉwrÉiÉÏÌiÉ |
AlÉÉaÉiÉuÉåaÉÉ ÌWû SÒÈZÉÉrÉÉiqÉÉlÉÇ mÉërÉcNûÌiÉ xÉWû mÉÑ§ÉåhrÉ ||

pÉåsÉ xÉÇ. vÉÉ. 8/11
31. xuÉpÉrÉ£üÉqÉÑwhÉÉåSMümÉËUÌwÉ£üÉqÉjÉælÉÉÇ
rÉuÉÉaÉÔqÉÉMühPûÉiÉç mÉÉrÉrÉåiÉç iÉiÉÈ M×üiÉÉåmÉkÉÉlÉå
qÉ×SÒÌlÉ ÌuÉxiÉÏhÉåï vÉrÉlÉå

ÎxjÉiÉÉqÉÉpÉÑalÉxÉYjÉÏqÉÑ¨ÉÉlÉÉqÉvÉXçMülÉÏrÉÉ¶ÉiÉxÉë,
Îx§ÉrÉÈ mÉËUhÉiÉuÉrÉxÉÈ mÉëeÉlÉlÉMÑüvÉsÉÉÈ MüÎ¨ÉïiÉlÉZÉÉÈ

mÉUÏcÉUårÉÑËUÌiÉ || xÉÑ.xÉÇ.vÉÉ. 10/10
32. य ददं कम ूथमं मासं समुपादायोप द मानवमा मास ेन गिभ या गभसमये
गभधा र णकु क टपा पॄ ं मॄदभ

ु वित, वात ानुलोमः स प यते, मूऽपुर षे च
ूकॄितभूते सुखेन मागमनुप यते, चमनखािन च मादवमुपया त, बलवण

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

चोपचीयते: पूऽं चे ं स पदप
ु ेतं सु खनं सुखेनैषा काले ूजायत इित। (च. शा. ८)
33. Dutta D.C.. Text book of Obestetrics. II Edition, Calcutta, New Central book agency
(P) Ltd, 1994.
34. Cunningham FG et.Al., Williams Obstetrics. 22nd edition. USA: Appleton and
Lange; 1997.
35. Decherney Alan H., Lauren Nathan. Current Obestetrics and Gynaecologic
Diagnosis and Treatment. 9th edition; Mc Graw Hill Medical Publication
Division,New Delhi. .
36. Shri Misra Brahmasankara and Sri Vaisa Rupaliji-Bhavprakash of Sri Bhavmisra.
with “Vidyotini Hindi commentary. I & II part, Varanasi, Choukhamba Sanskrit
Samsthan, 1984, 1983.
37. Gupta Atridev. Sushruta Samhita Part-II commented by Ghanekar Shribaskar
38. Ayurvedic Panchakarma Vigyana- By Vd.Shridher Kasture.
39. Punyashlok Shri Pandit Vaidya Lalchandra Shastri. Ashtanga Hridaya
(Sarvangasundar Vyakhyasahit). Delhi, Mothilal Banarasidas Publishers, Private
limited,1990.

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

40. ....................सःनेहनं बलवणूदं च।
न तैलादानात ् परम ःत क चि यं वशेषेण समीरणात॥
ःनेहेन रौआयं लघुतां गु वादौं या च शै यं पवनःय ह वा।
तैले ददा याशु मनःूसाद वीय बलं वणमथा नपु म ्॥ (च.िस.१/२३,३०)

41. अपानोऽपानग: ौो णब ःतमेहो गोचर:।

शुबातवशकृ मूऽगभिनंबमण बय:॥ (अ. . सू.१२/९)

42. य़ानॊ द ःथत: कॄ ःनदे हचार महाजव:॥
ग यप ेपणो ेपिनमेषो मेषणा दका:।
ूाय: सवा: बयाःत ःमन ् ूितब ा: शर रणाम ्॥ (अ. . सू १२/७)
43. Sharma P.V Sharma.Dravayaguna-vijnana.vol II- I edition , Varanasi, Chaukhambha
vishwabharathi, 2002.
44. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Part-1 Vol. II, 1st edition, Govt. of India,
Department of Indian System of Medicin and Homeopathy, New Delhi; 1999.
45. Vaidya V.M. Gogte. Ayurvedic Pharmacology & Therapeutic uses of Medicinal
plants. I edition, Mumbai, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 2000.

46. Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. on 9/01/2011)
47. भेल.सं.शा. ८/११
48. भेल.सं.शा. ८/१२
49. काँयप सं.शा. ५/२४-२७,३९
50. काँयप सं. खल.२४/७

CLASSICAL REFRENCES

51. काँयप सं.शा. ५/४६-४७
52. सु.सं.शा. 10/9,10
53. च.सं.शा.८/३७
54. च.सं.शा.८/३९
55. च.सं.शा.८/४०
56. अ.सं.शा.३/१८
57. अ.सं.शा.३/२० इ द ु टका
58. अ. ॑ु.शा.१/७७-७९
59. भा. ू. पुव.३/३४४-३४७
60. भा. ू. पुव.३/३४७-३५०
61. भेल.सं.शा. ८/८

RESEARCH CASE SHEET

N.K.JABSHETTY AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & P.G.CENTRE, BIDAR
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE
DEPARTMENT OF PRASUTI TANTRA & STREE ROGA
RESEARCH CASE SHEET
Research Particulars:
Case No:‐ Group:‐ trial/control
Gravida:‐ primigravida
Guide:‐ Dr.Sridevi Swamy
Research Scholar:‐ Dr.jyoti H Baswade
Hospital Particulars:
OPD NO: IPD NO:
DOA: DOD:
1. ATUR VIVARAN:

A ]Name of patient :
b] Husband Name:
c] Age :
d] sex:
e] Religion :
f] Occupation of patient :
g] Occupation of Husband :
h] socio economical condition:
i] Marrital life: LMP: EDD:
j] Address

A] Vedana Vishesh itihas: (H/O Present illness)
B] Poorva vyadhi vrittanta: (H/O Past illness)
C] Kula Vrittanta: mother:
Elder sister:
D] Rajo vrittanta: (previous menstrual history)
• Age of menstruation :

RESEARCH CASE SHEET

• Rituchakra : Regular/Irregular
• Raja kala avadhi:
• Raja kala antarkala:
• Pramana: Ati/madhyama/Alpa
• Shoola(pain):Present/Absent
E] Sagarbha avasta itihas:
• Immunization: T T ‐1, T T ‐2
• Poorva chikitsa vrittanta:
F] Contraceptive History:
• Contraceptive used: Yes/No
• If used specify the type:
G] Ashtavidha pariksha:
• Nadi:
• Mala:
• Mutra:
• Jihwa:
• Shabda:
• Sparsha:
• Drik:
• Akruti:
H] Investigation
• CBP HIV:
• Blood group & rh type HBsAG:
• RBS VDRL:
• Urine routine BT:
• CT:
• Pletlet count:
• USG(Third trimester)
I] Physical Examination
• Weight:
• Height
• B.P:
• Pedal odema:
• Generalised odema:

RESEARCH CASE SHEET

CHIKITSA:
• Duration of treatment:
• Basti and Yoni Pichu Started on:
• Basti and Yoni Pichu Completed on :
• Quantity of Medicine:
• Complications:

PRASAVA PATRIKA
VEDANA VISHESH
A] Pradhan vedana [chief complaint]
Avi Pradurbhava (contractions)
Duration:
Nature:
Interval:
Garbhodaka Pravaha (amniotic fiuid)
Leaking since ‐
B] Anubanbha vedana [associated complaints]
Pain in groins:
Backache:
3] GARBHINI PARIKSHA (obstretical examination)
A] UDARA PARIKSHA (P/A Examination):
1] DARSHANA:
Contour: Globular/Pyriform/Round
Linea nigra :
Striae Gravidarum:
Previous Scar Marks:
2] SPARSHANA:
Fundal Height:
Lie:

RESEARCH CASE SHEET

Presentation:
Head engagement:
3] SHRAVANA (Auscultation)
F.H.S: Rate:
Rhythum: Regular/Irregular
5] LABOUR RECORD:
First stage:
Per Vaginal Examination:
Dilatation of OS:
Effacement:
Station:
Membranes:
Presenting part:
Show:
Bag of water:
Total time taken for full dilatation of cervix:
Second stage:
Bearing down efforts of patient: present/absent
ARM:done/not
Liquor: clear/muconium stained
Caput moulding:
Time of delivery of baby:
Weight of baby:
Total time taken for second stage:
Complications:

RESEARCH CASE SHEET

Third stage:
REMOVAL OF PLACENTA
Spontaneous expulsion/MRP
Time taken for expulsion of placenta:
Complications:
RESULT:
CONCLUSION:
Signature of Guide: Signature of scholar:


Jyiti Baswade

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Jyiti Baswade

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

“ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND PICHU IN

A dissertation submitted to the

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

PRASUTI TANTRA & STREE ROGA

NKJ AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND

POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT

Declaration by the candidate

“Role of matra basti and pichu in sukhaprasava” Is a bonafide

and genuine research work carried out by me under the guidance

of Dr.Sridevi Swamy,M.S.(PTSR) Assist. Professor PG Department

of Prasuti Tantra & Stree Roga.

Date: Signature of the candidate

NKJ AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND

POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT

CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Role of

Signature of the Guide

NKJ AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND

POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT

and yoni pichu in sukhaprasava” is a bonafide research work done by Dr.

Seal and signature of the Principal/Dean

pg department of Prasuti tantra & Stree Roga.

Seal and signature of H.O.D.

Place: Bidar. Place: Bidar.

NKJ AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND

POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT

I hereby declare that the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health

Sciences, Karnataka shall declare the rights to preserve, use and

disseminate this dissertation/thesis in print or electronic format for

© Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences,Karnataka

“Mother who sheltered in her womb your younger soul,

Date: Signature of the Candidate

A.xÉÇ. - A·ÉÇaÉ xÉÇaÉëWû

A.¾û. - A·ÉÇaÉ ¾ûSrÉ

MüÉ.xÉÇ. - MüÉvrÉmÉ xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ

pÉÉ. mÉë.ÌlÉ. – pÉÉuÉmÉëMüÉvÉ ÌlÉbÉhOÒû

pÉæ. U. - pÉæwÉerÉ U¦ÉéuÉÍsÉ

यो.र. - योगर ाकार

शा.सं. - शागधर सं हता

ह.सं. - हार त सं हता

“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” I

ACCORDING TO STHANA OF SAMHITA

xÉÑ. - xÉÑ§É xjÉÉlÉ

vÉÉ - vÉÉUÏU xjÉÉlÉ

ÍcÉ. - ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ xjÉÉlÉ

ÎZÉsÉ. – ÎZÉsÉ xjÉÉlÉ

तृ. - iÉ×iÉÏrÉ xjÉÉlÉ

A.C.T.H. - Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

(ATP) ase - Adenosine triphosphatase

D.H.E.A-S - Dehydro epiandrosterone Suphate

M.L.C.K. - Myosin light chain kinase

C.P.D. - Cephalo pelvic disproportion

F.H.R. - Fetal heart rate

P.P.H. - Postpartum Hemorrhage

S.D -Standard Deviation

S.E -Standard Error

D.F -Degree of Freedom

“THE ROLE OF MATRA BASTI AND YONI PICHU IN SUKHAPRASAVA.” III

SL.NO. CONTENTS PAGE. NO.

3. Review of Literature 4-66.

A) Ayurvedic Review 4-21.

b) Role of vata in sukhaprasava 34-40.

B) Modern Review. 41-57.

C) Drug Review 58-67.