PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION

EASY – BLACK QUESTIONS

1. A part of the whorl or loop where the cores, deltas and ridges
appear.
A. type line B. bifurcation
C. pattern area D. furrow
2. How many standard fingerprint patterns are there?
A. Three B. Eight
C. Two D. Nine
3. If the number of intervening lines is belowt three then this would
have been?
A. Inner tracing B. Outer tracing
C. Ring inner tracing D. Meet tracing
4. In Dactyloscopy, if we say a person with polydactyl hand. he
has______ ?
A. Extra hand B. Extra finger
C. Extra Nails D. Extra Hair
5. The core and delta are also termed as _____?
A. Inner Terminus B. Outer Terminus
C. Focal Point D. Pattern Area
6. The forking or dividing of one line to two or more branches is
called_____.
A. ridge B. island
C. delta D. bifurcation
7. This is a canal-like impression or depression found between the
ridges.
A. Friction skin B. Ridge surface
C. Ridges D. Furrows
8. This refers to the study of fingerprints for the purpose of
identification.
A. Dactyloscopy B. Dactylography
C. Podoscopy D. Poroscopy
9. What is the science of palm print identification?
A. Chiroscopy B. Poroscopy
C. Podoscopy D. Astrology
10. A 32 over 32 would indicate all ___ patterns in primary
classification.
A. whorl B. loop
C. tented arch D. radial
11. A forensic chemist is tasked to examine the chemical nature and
composition of the following EXCEPT:
A. fingerprint B. explosives
C. blood D. body fluids
12. A Dogmatic Principle which postulates that the fingerprint cannot
be forged.
A. Principle of individuality B. Principle of constancy/permanency
C. Principle of infallibility D. All of these
13. A fingerprint pattern in which the ridges form a sequence of
spirals around core axes.
A. whorl B. double loop
C. central pocket loop D. accidental
14. A kind of fingerprint which is found on soft and sticky objects
such as wax and tape?
A. Visible print B. Semi-visible print
C. Invisible print D. All of these
15. Fingerprints left on various surfaces at the crime scene which are
not clearly visible.
A. Plane impressions B. Visible fingerprints
C. Rolled impressions D. Latent fingerprints
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION

16. In an accidental whorl type of pattern, what pattern is not

included in the combination?
A. Ulnar Loop B. Plain Whorl
C. Tented Arch D. Plain Arch
17. In the distribution of percentage in the fingerprint pattern, 35%
is being represented by what group?
A. Loop B. Whorl
C. Arch D. Radial Loop
18. Is that appears as tiny black line with white dots (called pores)
in an inked finger impression?
A. sweat pores B. furrows
C. ridges D. sweat duct
19. It refers to all fingerprints left at the crime scene including
those left accidentally or unconsciously.
A. Chance Impressions B. Latent Prints
C. Smudge Prints D. Fragmentary Prints
20. The innermost ridges run parallel and surrounded to the pattern
area are known as _______.
A. type lines B. criss-crossing ridges
C. long ridges D. ridgeology

21. These are depressions or canals between the ridges of a

fingerprint which maybe compared with the low area in a tire tread.
A. None of these B. Envelope
C. Furrows D. Bifurcation
22. What are the depressed portions or canal structure of the friction
skin found between ridges?
A. Pores B. Indentions
C. Furrows D. Duct
23. What are those that are sometimes referred to as papillary or
epidermal ridges?
A. Latent ridges B. Dermal ridges
C. Friction ridges D. Fingerprints
24. What fingers are rolled towards the body in taking a rolled
impression?
A. both little finger B. both thumb finger
C. all finger except thumb D. both index finger
25. What is the type of a pattern in which the looping or slanting
ridges flows towards the little finger?
A. Loop B. Radial Loop
C. Ulnar Loop D. Tented Arch
26. What type of a pattern possesses an angle, an upthrust, or two of
the three basic characteristics of the loop?
A. Plain Arch B. Tented Arch
C. Accidental Whorl D. Ulnar Loop
27. When a ridge bifurcates, sending two ridges across the imaginary
line, how is it counted?
A. One B. Two
C. Three D. Six
28. Located along the undersides of the fingers, palms, toes, and soles
appear corrugated skin structure known to the biologist as
A. friction skin B. handprints
C. fingerprints D. volar skin
29. Located along the undersides of the fingers, palms, toes, and soles
appear corrugated skin structure known to the fingerprint examiner as
A. friction skin B. handprints
C. fingerprints D. volar skin
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
30. In 1905, the Stratton brothers was convicted after they were
charged of murdering Farrow couple. This accomplishment was a work of?
A. Henry B. Vecetich
C. Faulds D. Herschel

31. He first used fingerprints on native contracts in Hooghly district

in Jungipoor, India.
A. John Evangelist Purkinje B. Dr. Henry Faulds
C. Marcello Malpighi D. Sir William Herschel
32. It is said that the fingerprints of a person will be carried from
womb to tomb. What principle greatly described the phrase?
A. the principle of individuality B. principle of permanency
C. principle of infallibility D. all of these
33. Who used surgery to destroy his friction ridges and was known as
the Man without fingerprint.
A. Robert James Pitts B. Roscoe Pitts
C. John Dillenger D. John Augustus
34. The first conviction in the Philippine Case which gives recognition
to the science of fingerprint?
A. People Vs. Medina B. People Vs. Jennings
C. Miranda Vs. Arizona D. West Case
35. He is known as the Father of Fingerprint Examination.
A. Johannes Evangelist Purkinje B. Alphonse Bertillion
C. Calvin Goddard D. Hans Gross
36. Ridge forms in the person’s fingers and feet during its infants
stage which usually starts:
A. 3rd to 4th months of the fetus life
B. 4th to 5th months of the fetus life
C. 5th to 6th months of the fetus life
D. 5th to 6th months after birth
37. The following are considerations used for the identification of a
loop except one:
A. a delta B. a core
C. a sufficient recurve D. a ridge count across a looping bridge
38. What is the rule when there is a choice between a bifurcation and
other type of delta found in the fingerprint?
A. Bifurcation is selected
B. the other type of delta is selected
C. Bifurcation is disregarded
D. the one towards the core is selected
39. Which of the following is not true about the value or the
importance of fingerprinting?
A. Serve to provide evidence
B. prevent criminal substitution
C. help identify victims of calamities like crime
D. speedily identifying the perpetrator
40. It is placed just to the left of the primary in the classification
formula. Where whorls appear in the thumbs following the whorl tracings
subsecondary classification.
A. subsecondary B. major division
C. key D. final

41. What type of pattern is that which could be found on the lower
box of the fingerprint card having a delta and core with a recurving
ridge flowing towards the no. 6 finger?
A. Ulnar loop B. Radial loop
C. Loop D. arches
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
42. Which of the following best describes a loop pattern?
A. presence of 1 sufficient recurving ridge
B. has a bifurcation as the delta
C. 1 core at the point of divergence
D. all of these
43. All BUT one, are the elements of a whorl pattern?
A. Usually possessing a circular formation at the center
B. Several patterns may be present
C. It may bear 2 or more deltas
D. none of these
44. These kind of ridge characteristic is sometimes being
misinterpreted as a bifurcation because of its close resemblance. This
ridge is known as:
A. trifurcation B. enclosure
C. island D. converging ridge
45. What is that portion of the fingerprint bounded by the type lines
where the characteristics needed for interpretation/classification is
found?
A. Loops B. Ridges
C. Double lines D. Pattern area
46. The right and left little fingers are used exclusively for the
Final Classification. However, they are also considered in what
classification?
A. Primary B. Sub-secondary
C. Secondary D. Final
47. These are tiny portions or is a hill-like structure found on the
epidermis of friction skin containing sweat, with pores appearing as
black likes in a fingerprint impression.
A. Imaginary lines B. Black lines
C. Furrows D. Ridges
48. The principle in fingerprint study that states that fingerprint
cannot be forged. Fingerprint is a reliable and a positive means of
identification.
A. principle of infallibility B. principle of permanency
C. principle of individuality D. principle of constancy
49. The following are the requisites of a loop except one,
A. It must have a core
B. It must have a complete circuit
C. It must have a delta
D. It must have a ridge count of at least one
50. In fingerprinting, it refers to the process of counting the
intervening ridges that touch or cross an imaginary line drawn between
the core and the delta.
A. Ridge counting B. Ridge tracing
C. Delta tracing D. All of these
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
MODERATE - BLUE QUESTIONS
1. Who is that Geologist in New Mexico who adopted the first individual
use of fingerprint on August 8, 1882 by using his own thumb prints as
protection to prevent tampering with the pay order he issued?
A. Alberto Reyes B. Samuel Clemens
C. Gilbert Thompson D. Henry De Forest
2. Argentine Police officials began the first fingerprint files based
on Galton patterns. He developed his own system of classifying prints
which was officially adopted in Argentina.
A. Gilbert Thompson B. Sir Francis Galton
C. Juan Vucetich D. Sir Edward Richard Henry
3. In ridge counting a plain whorl or central pocket loop whorl in the
little finger it is derived by:
A. Treating it as ulnar loop
B. Getting the ridge count of the top loop
C. Getting the least ridge count
D. Getting the delta opposite each hand
4. The Chief Magistrate of the Hooghly District in India, first used
fingerprints on contracts with the natives. He is also known as father
of Chiroscopy.
A. JCA Mayer B. John Evangelist Purkinje
C. Herman Welcker D. Sir William James Herschel
5. Who discovered the two main layer of the friction skin (Epidermis
and Dermis) and to whom one of the thin layer of the friction skin was
named.
A. Herman Welcker B. Marcelo Malpighe
C. Nehemiah Grews D. Dr. Henry Faulds
6. If the same digits of both hands are missing, the impressions are
held to be .
A. Plain whorl on meeting
B. Dependents on ridges tracing
C. Loops
D. dependents on the classification of the print of the finger
7. Under the management of Lt. Darby during the American occupation in
the Philippines, a modern and complete fingerprint file has
been established for the Philippine commonwealth. In 1937, the first
Filipino fingerprint technician employed by the Phil. Constabulary was
A. Mr. Generoso Reyes B. Mr. Amado Delos Santos
C. Mr. Calixto Solis D. None of these
8. A person committing a crime would always leave something behind and
may be considered as an integral part in the identification of the
suspect especially if it is a “Latent Print”. This prints are made
through the;
A. Ridge of the skin B. Furrows of the skin
C. Ridge formation D. Perspiration on top of the finger
9. Fingerprints help to positively identify people because of the
principle that:
A. its pattern reveals racial origin
B. they are available in most places
C. no two persons have identical fingerprints
D. it can be lifted at the crime scene
10. What type of a pattern consists of two or more deltas, one or more
ridge forming a complete circuitry and when an imaginary line is drawn
from left delta to right delta it touches or cross the circuiting
ridge/s considered as the most common type of whorl?
A. Plain Whorl B. Central Pocket Loop Whorl
C. Double Loop Whorl D. Accidental Whorl
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
11. What system of identification used earlier than the fingerprint
system, and is made by measuring various bony structure of human body
developed by Alphonse Bertillion?
A. Portrait Parle B. Tattoo
C. Anthropometry D. Photography
12. What fingerprint pattern have slope or downward flow of the
innermost sufficient recurve towards the thumb of the radius bone of
the hand of origin.
A. ulnar loop B. tented arch
C. accidental whorl D. radial loop
13. Who was that notorious gangster and a police character, who
attempted to erase his fingerprints by burning them with acid but as
time went by the ridges were again restored to their “natural” feature.
A. Al Capone B. OJ Simpson
C. John Dellinger D. Billy the Kid
14. Who is that fingerprint pioneer who introduced the fingerprint
classifications that dominated in allmost all English speaking
countries of the world?
A. Sir Francis Galton B. Professor Johannese E. Purkinje
C. Sir Edward Richard Henry D. Dr. Henry Faulds
15. What basic principle is involved in personal Identification which
states that the greater the number of similarity or difference the
greater the probability for the identity or non identity to be
conclusive?
A. Law of individuality B. Law of multiplicity of evidence
C. Law of infallibility D. Law of constancy
16. Symbolized by letter W in the fingerprint classification, this
fingerprint pattern have two deltas in which at least one ridge makes a
turn through one complete circuit.
A. Plain whorl B. Central pocket loop whorl
C. Accidental loop D. Ulnar loop
17. The bifurcation which does not remain open but whose legs after a
long side by side for short distance, come together to form a single
ridge once more is referred to as…
A. Enclosure B. Converging ridges
C. Island ridge D. Closed ridges
18. The greater the number of points of similarities and
dissimilarities of two persons compared, the greater the probability
for the conclusion to be correct. What is this Law called?
A. Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification
B. Identification by Comparison and Exclusion
C. Law of Super Imposition
D. All of these
19. Knowledge of fingerprint’s unique nature did not surface in the
European countries until a lecture was given by a British doctor, who
was a fellow of the royal society. Who is that person that published
the treatise entitled “De Extremo Tactos Organo”?
A. Nehemia Grew B. Johannes Purkinje
C. Francis Galton D. Marcelo Malphigi
20. Who is that anthropologist who published a study of fingerprint
science that included the system of classification to facilitate the
collected fingerprints?
A. Nehemia Grew B. Johannes Purkinje
C. Francis Galton D. Marcelo Malphigi
21. The illegitimate mother of the two murdered children whom she was
accused because of the latent prints that has been found on the scene
of the crime. Who is that person that person, in which without his
participation the case will not be solve?
A. Francisca Rojas B. Francis Galton
C. Juan Vucetich D. Edward Henry
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
22. Fingerprint Identification is now one of the most indispensable
tools of investigation because of its use in identifying the
perpetrators. Classifying the person’s fingerprints is a work of the
art of:
A. Edward B. Galton
C. Richard D. Henry
23. The ridges of the skin is part of the dermal surface that is why
sometimes it is called as the dermal ridges and it will not be forged.
The statement best describes:
A. the principle of individuality B. principle of permanency
C. principle of infallibility D. none of these
24. There are number of criminals who tried to deface their fingerprint
just to evade in their crimes. Some burn it with the use of acid hoping
their prints will be erased. Who is that person famously known as
Philips?
A. Dellinger B. Roscoe
C. Scarface D. Pitt
25. Which of the following is true about fingerprinting?
A. method of identification
B. can be found on the terminal part of the hand
C. cannot be disguised
D. carried from birth to grave
26. This is the most remarkable event happened on 1964 according to the
history of the study of fingerprinting.
A. computerization of Scotland yard
B. creation of the FBI identification division
C. the Belper Committee in England was established
D. The International association for Criminal Identification was
established
27. Which of the following is not true about Accidental whorl?
A. Two deltas are present
B. Two loop patterns are present having separate shoulders
C. combination of two whorls and a loop
D. may posses two or more cores
28. Patterns posses all the characteristics needed on the investigation
that may be bring light on a certain case. What kind of sweat gland
that can be found underneath these patterns?
A. Sebaceous gland B. Eccrine gland
C. Epecrine gland D. Apocrine gland
29. Which of the following ridge characteristics will be highly
prioritized as delta?
A. A short ridge over an island at its divergence point.
B. A bifurcation leading towards the outside direction of the
pattern farther with the core
C. A ridge ending that have reached the very shoulder of the
ridges
D. None of these
30. It is the very center point of the pattern area and one of the very
important focal points of a certain pattern especially for loops. What
is that core of the pattern having a terminal point?
A. core B. ridge end
C. delta D. short ridge

31. A delta may be any of the following, EXCEPT

A. bifurcation opening towards the delta
B. dot or fragment as thick as the other ridges
C. a point on the first recurving ridge located nearest to the
center and in front of the divergence of the type lines
D. a meeting of two ridges
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
32. A British anthropologist and a cousin of Charles Darwin, who began
his observations of fingerprints as a means of identification in the
1880's. According to his calculations, the odds of two individual
fingerprints being the same were 1 in 64 billion. He identified the
characteristics by which fingerprints can be identified. These same
characteristics (minutia) are basically still in use today, and are
often referred to as ________ Details, after his name.
A. Bertillon B. Twain
C. Galton D. Thompson
33. An Argentine Police Official, began the first fingerprint files
based on Galton pattern types. At first, He included the Bertillon
System with the files. He made the first criminal fingerprint
identification in 1892. He was able to identify Francis Rojas, a woman
who murdered her two sons and cut her own throat in an attempt to place
blame on another.  Her bloody print was left on a door post, proving
her identity as the murderer.
A. Sir Edward Richard Henry B. Dr. Henry P. DeForrest
C. Juan Vucetich D. Hem Chandra Bose
34. Condition before fragments and dots are counted.
A. they must be touched or cut by the imaginary line
B. they must be as thick and heavy as other ridges
C. they must be in the line of flow
D. they must be found inside the pattern area
35. If an appendage is present between the shoulders of a loop
(innermost recurve), the one being considered for purposes of locating
the core is
A. next loop outside with no appendage at right angle
B. next loop inside
C. the same loop even with an appendage
D. next loop outside with appendage at right angle
36. In locating the delta, which of the following statements will you
consider first.
A. Dots and fragments may only be considered as bifurcation if
they are as thick as the other ridges.
B. The delta may not be located in the middle of a ridge running
between the type lines toward the core, but at the nearer end
only.
C. Delta must be located midway between two diverging type lines
at or just in front of where they diverge.
D. Bifurcation takes precedence over any possible deltas.
37. In ridge tracing, the reference is on
A. upper side or point of the extreme right delta
B. lower side or point of the extreme left delta
C. upper side or point of the moderate left delta
D. upper side or point of the moderate right delta
38. In the classification line, the order should be
A. primary, secondary, subsecondary, final, key, major
B. major, key, primary, secondary, subsecondary final
C. key, major, primary, secondary, subsecondary, final
D. primary, secondary, subsecondary, major, key, final
39. A pattern possessing most of the elemental characteristics of a
whorl but became so special because of its unique combination of two
distinct loops. The statement is referring to what type of pattern?
A. W B. X
C. C D. D
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
DIFFICULT – RED QUESTIONS
1. On the night of August 2, 2010, a certain burglary happened on the
store of a Japanese Merchant. On the scene of the crime, laying the
dead body of the victim stained by his own blood and the presence of
several evidences found including the fingerprints of the three
unidentified persons. If you are one of those three persons whose
fingerprints were found on the scene of the crime. What will be basis
of the investigators in case they will hold you as one of the
responsible regarding the commission of the crime?
A. the principle of individuality B. principle of permanency
C. principle of infallibility D. all of these
2. It is obtained by counting the ridges of the first loop appearing on
the fingerprint card (beginning with the right thumb), exclusive of the
little fingers which are never considered for the key as they are
reserved for the final.
A. primary B. key
C. final D. major
3. On one occasion, a certain burglary happened on the store of a
Korean Entrepreneur. On the scene of the crime, laying the dead body of
the owner stained by his own blood and the presence of several
evidences found including the fingerprints of the three unidentified
persons. If you are one of those three persons whose fingerprints are
found on the scene of the crime. What will be your relation to the
crime?
A. you are the burglar
B. you are the killer
C. you came from the scene of the crime
D. you are the suspect
4. All areas of friction skin are totally individual. When sufficient
detail is present, it can be individualized. In other words, when
someone is identified as the donor of a print, it establishes that
person as the only person in the world who could have that print.
A. Infallible B. Unique
C. Permanent D. Classifiable
5. It is the lower or the inner layer of the skin that must not be
destructed for it could possibly create a permanent injury that may
result to the lost of the ridges. What is that canal like structure
found between the ridges?
A. Dermis B. Epidermis
C. furrows D. Delta
6. An examiner is classifying a kind of pattern having a set of ridges
flowing from the left side towards the right side of the pattern area.
If you are the examiner, which of the following ridges be chosen as the
delta.
A. A bifurcation B. A short ridge
C. An island D. none of these
7. PINS Hear T Rob is examining a fingerprint pattern having a 2 delta
and a core with few spiral formations at the center but no recurving
ridge is cut. What type of pattern INS Rob is examining?
A. W B. X
C. C D. D
8. On the inside part of a pattern, there are so many ridges present
that would help the investigators in identifying a certain pattern
especially in dealing with a loop pattern. One of these characteristic
is sometimes known as the railway tie.
A. ridge hook B. ridge ending
C. appendage D. bridge
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
9. Mr. A applies for a job, and as a requirement he was advised to
present his NBI Clearance. On the way to the office of the NBI, he was
apprehensive that he will not be accommodated by the personnel because
of his two excess fingers in his right hand. The appearance of his
extra fingers is anatomically known as…
A. Polydactylism B. Extra ordinary fingers
C. Excess Finger D. Deformities
10. Before the arrival of the DNA test, personal identification through
fingerprints is most widely used around the country and around the
world in positively identifying person especially if the subject is
beyond recognition. The reason behind this lies on the principle that:
A. Its pattern reveals racial origin
B. They are available in most places
C. It can be lifted at the crime scene
D. No two persons have identical fingerprints