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(a) allow those living in one state to vote on issues raised in another state
(b) benefit the interest of one political party or group
(c) create districts that coincide with municipal service-district boundaries
(d) ensure that all districts are of similar size and shape
(e) equalize the burden of paying poll taxes across different ethnic groups
2. Which of the following pieces of national territory could NOT be classified as an exclave?
(a) Alaska
(b) Cabinda
(c) French Guiana
(d) Kaliningrad
(e) Lesotho
3. Political geographers consider which of the following as the core area of the United States?
4. Which of the following best represents the concept of the nation-state in its internal cultural-
political makeup and spatial organization?
(a) Argentina
(b) Iran
(c) Japan
(d) New Zealand
(e) South Africa
5. Which of the following does NOT act as a centrifugal force for a state?
6. United Nations recognition of a state’s “exclusive economic zone” allows the state to
(a) claim national economic jurisdiction over 200 nautical miles of water extending
from its coast
(b) establish economic free trade zones within the sovereign territory of other states
(c) form limited economic alliances with other countries
(d) limit importation of competitive goods and services from other countries
(e) protect domestic production by imposing tariffs on all foreign-made products
8. The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing
autonomy at the expense of the central government is known as
(a) breaking up
(b) colonialism
(c) devolution
(d) nation building
(e) supranationalism
(a) Afghanistan
(b) Kenya
(c) Lesotho
(d) Rwanda
(e) Uruguay
10. Disputes that arise because neighboring states do not follow similar policies regarding the
enforcement of borders are
(a) allocational
(b) definitional
(c) locational
(d) operational
(e) spatial
(a) elongated
(b) enclave
(c) fragmented
(d) perforated
(e) prorupted
13. Which of the following does NOT act as a centripetal force for a state?
(a) create a legal document outlining the actual points of latitude and longitude
(b) determine how to maintain and monitor the boundary
(c) draw the boundaries on a map
(d) establish methods for resolving boundary disputes
(e) mark the territory on the ground
(a) Flags
(b) Election signs
(c) Land division systems
(d) Monuments
(e) Places of worship
16. The European Union, the Arab League, and the United Nations are all examples of
17. The form of government in which control over certain departments and/or policy areas is divided
between the state and its substates is known as
(a) communism
(b) democracy
(c) federal
(d) theocracy
(e) unitary
18. Which of the following correctly lists the usual hierarchy of political-administrative units in order
from the largest to the smallest?
19. Since some cities of an elongated state are isolated from their capital city, the state is at risk of
what kind of devolution?
(a) Allocational
(b) Economic
(c) Ethnocultural
(d) Operational
(e) Spatial
(a) Bifurcated
(b) Compact
(c) Fragmented
(d) Perforated
(e) Prorupted
22. The Canadian government created the new territory of Nunavut in order to
(a) Argentina
(b) Brazil
(c) Chile
(d) Mexico
(e) Peru
24. The term defined as an independent state having final authority over social, economic, and
political matters is
(a) devolution
(b) nationhood
(c) statehood
(d) sovereignty
(e) territoriality
SECTION II: Free Response Questions
1. The viability of any state depends on a balance between centripetal and centrifugal forces.
(b) Give a specific example of and explain a centripetal force that affects the viability of any of the
states shown on the map above.
(c) With reference to a different specific example, explain a centrifugal force that affects the
viability of any of the states shown on the map above.
2. The modern state system is engaged in a struggle between forces of supranationalism and
devolution.
(b) With reference to the political and economic geography of Europe, briefly discuss three
changes resulting from supranationalism.
(c) With reference to the political and economic geography of Europe, briefly discuss three
changes resulting from devolution.