Persamaan

Nilai Mutlak
 𝑥

 3 =3
 −4 = 4
1 1
 =
2 2
1 1
 − =
4 4

0 =0
𝑥 >0
 +𝒙, 𝒙≥𝟎
𝒙 =
−𝒙, 𝒙<𝟎

 10 = 10
 −6 = −(−6) −6 < 0
=
 5−1 = 5−1
 2 − 3 = −( 2 − 3 2−3 <0
=3− 2
 3− 2 = 3− 2
  
𝑥 ≤ 𝑎 ⟺ −𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎
𝑥 ≥ 𝑎 ⟺ 𝑥 ≤ −𝑎 𝑥≥𝑎
𝑥 = 𝑥2
 
𝑥×𝑦 = 𝑥 × 𝑦
𝑥 𝑥
= 𝑦≠0
𝑦 𝑦
𝑥−𝑦 ≥ 𝑥 − 𝑦
𝑥+𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 𝑦
𝑥−1 =2
2𝑥 − 4 = 4
2𝑥 − 1 = 𝑥 − 5
2
𝑥−3 −4 𝑥−3 =3
𝑥−1 =2
2𝑥 − 4 = 4
3 − 2𝑥 = 5
𝑥 − 2 = −1
𝑥−1 =2
𝑥−1 = 𝑥−1 2

𝑥−1 2 =2

𝑥 − 1 2 = 22
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 4
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0
𝑥+1 𝑥−3 =0
𝑥1 = −1 𝑥2 = 3

𝑥−1 =2 𝑥1 = −1 𝑥2 = 3
 2𝑥 − 4 = 4 3 − 2𝑥 = 5
2𝑥 − 4 2 = 42 3 − 2𝑥 2 = 52
4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 + 16 = 16 9 − 12𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 = 25
4𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 = 0 4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 16 = 0
4𝑥 𝑥 − 4 = 0 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4 = 0
𝑥1 = 0 𝑥2 = 4 𝑥+1 𝑥−4 =0
𝑥1 = −1 𝑥2 = 4

2𝑥 − 4 = 4 𝑥1 = 0
𝑥2 = 4 3 − 2𝑥 = 5 𝑥1 = −1
𝑥2 = 4
𝑥 − 2 = −1


𝑥 − 2 = −1
𝑥−2 = 𝑥+1
3 − 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 1
2
𝑥−2 −4 𝑥−2 +3=0

𝑥−2 = 𝑥+1
𝑥−2 2 = 𝑥+1 2

𝑥−2 2 = 𝑥+1 2
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1
6𝑥 = 3
1
𝑥=
2
1
𝑥−2 = 𝑥+1 𝑥=
2
3 − 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 1
3 − 𝑥 2 = 2𝑥 + 1 2
3 − 𝑥 2 = 2𝑥 + 1 2
9 − 6𝑥 + 𝑥 2 = 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1
−3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 8 = 0
3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 8 = 0
𝑥 + 4 3𝑥 − 2 = 0
2
𝑥1 = −4 𝑥2 =
3

2
3 − 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑥1 = −4 𝑥2 =
3
 2
𝑥−2 −4 𝑥−2 +3=0
𝑥−2 =𝑦
𝑦 2 − 4𝑦 + 3 = 0
𝑦−1 𝑦−3 =0
𝑦1 = 1 𝑦2 = 3
𝑦1 = 1 𝑦2 = 3
𝑥−2 =1 𝑥−2 =3
𝑥 − 2 2 = 12 𝑥 − 2 2 = 32
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 1 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 9
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5 = 0
𝑥−1 𝑥−3 =0 𝑥+1 𝑥−5 =0
𝑥1 = 1 𝑥2 = 3 𝑥3 = −1 𝑥4 = 5
𝑥−2 2 −4 𝑥−2 +3=0 𝑥 = −1
𝑥=1 𝑥=3 𝑥=5
𝑥−4 <2
2𝑥 − 5 >
2𝑥 − 3 ≤ 𝑥 + 4
2
𝑥−5 − 4 𝑥 − 5 − 12 < 0
𝑥−3 <4
2𝑥 + 1 ≤ 7
𝑥−2 >3
3𝑥 − 2 ≥ 4

 
𝑥 ≤ 𝑎 ⟺ −𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎
𝑥 ≥ 𝑎 ⟺ 𝑥 ≤ −𝑎 𝑥≥𝑎
𝑥−3 <4

−4 < 𝑥 − 3 < 4
−4 + 3 < 𝑥 − 3 + 3 < 4 + 3
−1 < 𝑥 < 7
𝑥−3 <4 −1 < 𝑥 < 7
𝑥 −1 < 𝑥 < 7 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅
2𝑥 + 1 ≤ 7

−7 ≤ 2𝑥 + 1 ≤ 7
−7 − 1 ≤ 2𝑥 ≤ 7 − 1
−8 ≤ 2𝑥 ≤ 6
−4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
2𝑥 + 1 ≤ 7 −4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
𝑥 −4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅
𝑥−2 >3

𝑥 − 2 < −3 𝑥−2>3
𝑥 − 2 + 2 < −3 + 2 𝑥−2+2>3+2
𝑥 < −1 𝑥>5
𝑥−2 >3 𝑥 < −1 𝑥>5

3𝑥 − 2 ≥ 4

3𝑥 − 2 ≤ −4 3𝑥 − 2 ≥ 4
3𝑥 − 2 + 2 ≤ −4 + 2 3𝑥 − 2 + 2 ≥ 4 + 2
3𝑥 ≤ −2 3𝑥 ≥ 6
2
𝑥≤ − 𝑥≥2
3
2
3𝑥 − 2 ≥ 4 𝑥≤−
3
𝑥≥2
2𝑥 − 3 < 𝑥 + 4
2𝑥 + 1 ≥ 𝑥 − 2
𝑥−1 2+ 𝑥−1 <6
1
2< 2− 𝑥 ≤3
2

2𝑥 − 3 < 𝑥 + 4
2𝑥 − 3 2 < 𝑥 + 4 2
2𝑥 − 3 2 < 𝑥 + 4 2
4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 9 < 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16
3𝑥 2 − 20𝑥 − 7 < 0
3𝑥 + 1 𝑥 − 7 < 0
3𝑥 + 1 𝑥 − 7 < 0
1
𝑥1 = − 𝑥2 = 7
3

(+) (−) (+)

-1 − 1 0 7 8
3

2𝑥 − 3 < 𝑥 + 4
1
𝑥 − <𝑥<7 𝑥∈𝑅
3
2𝑥 + 1 ≥ 𝑥 − 2
2𝑥 + 1 2 ≥ 𝑥−2 2

2𝑥 + 1 2 ≥ 𝑥 − 2 2
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 ≥ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
3𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 3 ≥ 0
𝑥 + 3 3𝑥 − 1 ≥ 0
1
𝑥 ≤ −3 𝑥≥
3
2𝑥 + 1 ≥ 𝑥 − 2
1
𝑥 𝑥 ≤ −3 𝑥≥ 𝑥∈𝑅
3
𝑥−1 2+ 𝑥−1 <6
𝑥−1 2+ 𝑥−1 −6<0
𝑥−1 =𝑦
𝑦2 + 𝑦 − 6 < 0
𝑦+3 𝑦−2 <0
−3 < 𝑦 < 2
𝑦1 > −3 𝑦2 < 2

𝑥 − 1 > −3 𝑥∈𝑅 𝑥−1 <2

−2 < 𝑥 − 1 < 2
−1 < 𝑥 < 3

2
𝑥−1 + 𝑥−1 <6 𝑥 −1 < 𝑥 <
 1
2< 2− 𝑥 ≤3
2 𝟏
𝟏  𝟐− 𝒙 >𝟐
 𝟐− ≤𝟑 𝒙 𝟐
𝟐 1 1
1 2 − 𝑥 < −2 2− 𝑥 > 2 −2
−3 ≤ 2 − 𝑥 ≤ 3 2 2
2 1 1
1 − 𝑥 < −4 − 𝑥>0 × (−2)
−5 ≤ − 𝑥 ≤ 1 2 2
2
10 ≥ 𝑥 ≥ −2 atau −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10 ......(1)
𝑥 > 8 ......(2)

(1) 𝑥 < 0 ......(3)

(3) (2)

-2 0 8 10

Jadi, himpunan penyelesaiannya adalah −2 ≤ 𝑥 < 0 atau 8 < 𝑥 ≤ 10

Tentukanlah himpunan penyelesaian
persamaan dan pertidaksamaan berikut:
a) 2𝑥 + 1 2 + 2 2𝑥 + 1 − 15 = 0
b) 𝑥 − 3 2 − 3 𝑥 − 3 ≥ 10