Factoring and Solving Equations Module Review Name: ___SOLUTIONS_____

1) Factor the following expressions completely:

4 2 6
a) −6 − 2𝑥𝑥 + 8𝑥𝑥 2 b) 7 + 7 𝑥𝑥 − 7 𝑥𝑥 2
2
= 2(4𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 − 3) = 7 (2 + 𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑥 2 )
The factors of 4 could be 1 × 4 or 2 × 2 The factors of −3 could be −1 × 3 or 1 × −3
The factors of −3 could be −1 × 3 or 1 × −3 The factors of 2 can only be 1 × 2
Playing around we find Playing around we find
−1 = 4 × (−1) + 1 × 3 1 = 3 × 1 + (−1) × 2
Which therefore gives the result Which therefore gives the result
2
= 2(4𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 7 (3𝑥𝑥 + 2)(−𝑥𝑥 + 1)

c) −2𝑥𝑥 + 7𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 4 d) 12𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 + 1) − 4𝑥𝑥 2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)

2𝑥𝑥 7𝑥𝑥 2 3𝑥𝑥 4 12𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥+1) 4𝑥𝑥 2 (𝑥𝑥+1)
= 𝑥𝑥 �− 𝑥𝑥
+ − � = 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 + 1) � − �
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥+1) 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥+1)
3)
= 𝑥𝑥(−2 + 7𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑥 = 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 + 1)(3 − 𝑥𝑥)

e) 14(𝑥𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥𝑥 − 3)2 + 21𝑥𝑥 2 (2𝑥𝑥 − 3)5 f) 24𝑥𝑥 3 (4𝑥𝑥 − 3)8 − 16𝑥𝑥 6 (4𝑥𝑥 − 3)5
= 7(2𝑥𝑥 − 3)2 [2(𝑥𝑥 − 1) + 3𝑥𝑥 2 (2𝑥𝑥 − 3)5−2 ] = 8𝑥𝑥 3 (4𝑥𝑥 − 3)5 [3(4𝑥𝑥 − 3)8−5 − 2𝑥𝑥 3 ]
= 7(2𝑥𝑥 − 3)2 [2𝑥𝑥 − 2 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 (2𝑥𝑥 − 3)3 ] = 8𝑥𝑥 3 (4𝑥𝑥 − 3)5 [3(4𝑥𝑥 − 3)3 − 2𝑥𝑥 3 ]

g) 10𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 − 1 h) 4𝑥𝑥 2 − 13𝑥𝑥 + 3

The factors of 10 could be 1 × 10 or 2 × 5
The factors of −1 can only be −1 × 1
Playing around we find
−3 = 5 × (−1) + 2 × 1
Which therefore gives the result
= (5𝑥𝑥 + 1)(2𝑥𝑥 − 1)
The factors of 4 could be 1 × 4 or 2 × 2
The factors of 3 can only be −1 × −3
Playing around we find
−13 = 1 × (−1) + 4 × (−3)
Which therefore gives the result
= (𝑥𝑥 − 3)(4𝑥𝑥 − 1)

i) 6𝑥𝑥 4 − 13𝑥𝑥 3 − 5𝑥𝑥 2 j) 4𝑥𝑥 2 − 28𝑥𝑥 + 48

= 𝑥𝑥 2 (6𝑥𝑥 2 − 13𝑥𝑥 − 5) = 4(𝑥𝑥 2 − 7𝑥𝑥 + 12)
The factors of 6 could be 1 × 6 or 2 × 3 The factors of 1 can only be 1 × 1
The factors of −5 could be −1 × 5 or 1 × −5 The factors of 12 could be −3 × −4
or −1 × −12 or −2 × −6
Playing around we find Playing around we find
−13 = 3 × (−5) + 2 × 1 −7 = 1 × (−3) + 1 × (−4)
Which therefore gives the result Which therefore gives the result
= 𝑥𝑥 2 (3𝑥𝑥 + 1)(2𝑥𝑥 − 5) = 4(𝑥𝑥 − 4)(𝑥𝑥 − 3)

k) (5𝑥𝑥 − 2)2 − 1 l) 2(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 + 4(𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 2

= [(5𝑥𝑥 − 2) − 1][(5𝑥𝑥 − 2) + 1] = 2[(𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 + 2(𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 1]
2
= (5𝑥𝑥 − 3)(5𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 2�(𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 1�
= 2(𝑥𝑥 + 2)2
2) Solve the following equations for the unknown variable 𝑥𝑥: (2 marks each)
a) 2𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 7 b) −3𝑥𝑥 + 5 = 2(2𝑥𝑥 − 3)
2𝑥𝑥 = 7 − 1 −3𝑥𝑥 + 5 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 6
2𝑥𝑥 = 6 5 + 6 = 4𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑥𝑥
6
𝑥𝑥 = 2 11 = 7𝑥𝑥
11
𝑥𝑥 = 3 𝑥𝑥 = 7

c) (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(2𝑥𝑥 − 3) = (2𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 3) d) 2𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 𝑥𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑥 + 11

2𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 = 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 6𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 − 3 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 − 6𝑥𝑥 + 3 − 11 = 0
2𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 − 3 = 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 5𝑥𝑥 − 3 𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 8 = 0
2𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 + 5𝑥𝑥 − 3 + 3 = 0 The factors of 1 can only be 1 × 1
4𝑥𝑥 = 0 The factors of −8 could be −1 × 8
0
𝑥𝑥 = 4 or 1 × −8 or −2 × 4 or 2 × −4
𝑥𝑥 = 0 Playing around we find
−2 = 1 × (−4) + 1 × 2 giving the result
0 = (𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 4)
𝑥𝑥 = −2, 4

2 𝑥𝑥 3 5
e) 3 𝑥𝑥 + 1 = −3 f) − 3 + 4 𝑥𝑥 = 7
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 3 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 3 ∗ 4 ∗ 7 = 84
2 𝑥𝑥 3 5
3 �3 𝑥𝑥� + 3(1) = 3(−3) 84 �− 3� + 84 �4 𝑥𝑥� = 84 �7�
2𝑥𝑥 + 3 = −9 −28𝑥𝑥 + 63𝑥𝑥 = 60
2𝑥𝑥 = −9 − 3 35𝑥𝑥 = 60
12 60
𝑥𝑥 = − 2 𝑥𝑥 = 35
12
𝑥𝑥 = −6 𝑥𝑥 = 7

𝑥𝑥+2 3 1 3 2
g) 2 − 5𝑥𝑥 = 5 h) 4𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥−3
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 5𝑥𝑥 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 4 ∗ 𝑥𝑥 ∗ (𝑥𝑥 − 3) = 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3)
𝑥𝑥+2 3 1 3
5𝑥𝑥(2) + 5𝑥𝑥 �− 5𝑥𝑥 � = 5𝑥𝑥 �5� 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) �4𝑥𝑥� + 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) �2𝑥𝑥� =
2
4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) �𝑥𝑥−3�
10𝑥𝑥 − (𝑥𝑥 + 2) = 3𝑥𝑥 (𝑥𝑥 − 3) + 6(𝑥𝑥 − 3) = 4𝑥𝑥(2)
10𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 3𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 − 3 + 6𝑥𝑥 − 18 = 8𝑥𝑥
9𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑥𝑥 = 2 7𝑥𝑥 − 21 = 8𝑥𝑥
6𝑥𝑥 = 2 7𝑥𝑥 − 8𝑥𝑥 = 21
2
𝑥𝑥 = 6 −𝑥𝑥 = 21
1
𝑥𝑥 = 3 𝑥𝑥 = −21

2 4+𝑥𝑥 5 1 2 3
i) 𝑥𝑥−3 − 𝑥𝑥 2 −3𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 j) 𝑥𝑥 2 −𝑥𝑥−6 + 𝑥𝑥 2 +6𝑥𝑥+9 + 𝑥𝑥 2 −9 = 0
2 4+𝑥𝑥 5 1 2 3
𝑥𝑥−3
− 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥−3) = 𝑥𝑥 (𝑥𝑥−3)(𝑥𝑥+2)
+ (𝑥𝑥+3)(𝑥𝑥+3) + (𝑥𝑥−3)(𝑥𝑥+3) = 0
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = (𝑥𝑥 − 3) ∗ (𝑥𝑥 + 2) ∗ (𝑥𝑥 + 3) ∗ (𝑥𝑥 + 3)
= (𝑥𝑥 − 3)(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)2
 2 4+𝑥𝑥 5 1 2 3
𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) � � + 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) �− � = 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 3) � � (𝑥𝑥 − 3)(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3)2 � + (𝑥𝑥+3)(𝑥𝑥+3) + (𝑥𝑥−3)(𝑥𝑥+3)� = 0
𝑥𝑥−3 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥−3) 𝑥𝑥 (𝑥𝑥−3)(𝑥𝑥+2)
2𝑥𝑥 − (4 + 𝑥𝑥) = 5(𝑥𝑥 − 3) (𝑥𝑥 + 3)2 + 2(𝑥𝑥 − 3)(𝑥𝑥 + 2) + 3(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) = 0
2𝑥𝑥 − 4 − 𝑥𝑥 = 5𝑥𝑥 − 15 (𝑥𝑥 + 3)2 + 2(𝑥𝑥 − 3)(𝑥𝑥 + 2) + 3(𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) = 0
𝑥𝑥 − 4 = 5𝑥𝑥 − 15 𝑥𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑥 + 9 + 2𝑥𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 12 + 3𝑥𝑥 2 + 15𝑥𝑥 + 18 = 0
𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑥𝑥 = −15 + 4 6𝑥𝑥 2 + 19𝑥𝑥 + 15 = 0
−4𝑥𝑥 = −11 (2𝑥𝑥 + 3)(3𝑥𝑥 + 5) = 0
11 −3 −5
𝑥𝑥 = 4 𝑥𝑥 = 2 , 3

3) Solve for the specified variable.

a) 𝑝𝑝 = 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏 + 𝑐𝑐 for 𝑐𝑐 b) 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 for 𝐻𝐻
𝑉𝑉 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
𝑝𝑝 − 𝑎𝑎 − 𝑏𝑏 = 𝑐𝑐 or 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
= 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
or
𝑉𝑉
𝑐𝑐 = 𝑝𝑝 − 𝑎𝑎 − 𝑏𝑏 𝐻𝐻 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿

1
c) 𝐴𝐴 = ℎ(𝑏𝑏1 + 𝑏𝑏2 ) for ℎ d) 𝑉𝑉 = 2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎ℎ for 𝑏𝑏
𝐴𝐴
ℎ = 𝑏𝑏 2𝑉𝑉 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎ℎ
1 +𝑏𝑏2
2𝑉𝑉
𝑏𝑏 = 𝑎𝑎ℎ

1
e) 𝐴𝐴 = 2 𝑑𝑑1 𝑑𝑑2 for 𝑑𝑑1 f) 𝑆𝑆 = 180(𝑛𝑛 − 2) for 𝑛𝑛
2𝐴𝐴 = 𝑑𝑑1 𝑑𝑑2 𝑆𝑆 = 180𝑛𝑛 − 360
2𝐴𝐴
𝑑𝑑1 = 𝑑𝑑2
𝑆𝑆 + 360 = 180𝑛𝑛
𝑆𝑆+360
𝑛𝑛 = 180

𝑛𝑛
g) 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑝𝑝(1 + 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟) for 𝑟𝑟 h) 𝑆𝑆 = 2 (𝑎𝑎 + 1) for 𝑎𝑎
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑝𝑝 + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 2𝑆𝑆 = 𝑛𝑛(𝑎𝑎 + 1)
𝐴𝐴 − 𝑝𝑝 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 2𝑆𝑆 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑛𝑛
𝐴𝐴−𝑝𝑝
𝑟𝑟 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
2𝑆𝑆 − 𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
2𝑆𝑆−𝑛𝑛 2𝑆𝑆
𝑎𝑎 = 𝑛𝑛
OR 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑛𝑛
−1

4) Simplify the following fractions by first factoring and then cancelling common factors.
𝑥𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝑥+1 2𝑥𝑥 2 −5𝑥𝑥−3
a) 𝑥𝑥 2 −1
b) 6𝑥𝑥 2 +𝑥𝑥−1
(𝑥𝑥+1)(𝑥𝑥+1) (2𝑥𝑥+1)(𝑥𝑥−3)
= (𝑥𝑥+1)(𝑥𝑥−1) = (3𝑥𝑥−1)(2𝑥𝑥+1)
𝑥𝑥+1 𝑥𝑥−3
= 𝑥𝑥−1 = 3𝑥𝑥−1
 6𝑥𝑥+2 2𝑥𝑥 2 −7𝑥𝑥+5 𝑥𝑥 2 +𝑥𝑥−12 𝑥𝑥 2 +6𝑥𝑥+8
c) 2𝑥𝑥 2 −3𝑥𝑥−5 × 3𝑥𝑥 2 −2𝑥𝑥−1 d) 𝑥𝑥 2 +7𝑥𝑥+12 × 𝑥𝑥 2 −𝑥𝑥−6
2(3𝑥𝑥+1) (𝑥𝑥−1)(2𝑥𝑥−5) (𝑥𝑥+4)(𝑥𝑥−3) (𝑥𝑥+2)(𝑥𝑥+4)
= (𝑥𝑥+1)(2𝑥𝑥−5) × (3𝑥𝑥+1)(𝑥𝑥−1) = (𝑥𝑥+4)(𝑥𝑥+3) × (𝑥𝑥+2)(𝑥𝑥−3)
2 1 1 𝑥𝑥+4
= 𝑥𝑥+1 × 1 = 𝑥𝑥+3 × 1
2 𝑥𝑥+4
= 𝑥𝑥+1 = 𝑥𝑥+3

20𝑥𝑥 2 −11𝑥𝑥−3 4𝑥𝑥 2 +𝑥𝑥−3 𝑥𝑥 2 +6𝑥𝑥+9 𝑥𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝑥−3

e) 5𝑥𝑥 2 −4𝑥𝑥−1
÷ 3𝑥𝑥 2 −3
f) 4𝑥𝑥+12
÷ 8𝑥𝑥 3 −24𝑥𝑥 2 +16𝑥𝑥
20𝑥𝑥 2 −11𝑥𝑥−3 3𝑥𝑥 2 −3 𝑥𝑥 2 +6𝑥𝑥+9 8𝑥𝑥 3 −24𝑥𝑥 2 +16𝑥𝑥
= 5𝑥𝑥 2 −4𝑥𝑥−1
× 4𝑥𝑥 2 +𝑥𝑥−3 = 4𝑥𝑥+12
× 𝑥𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝑥−3
(4𝑥𝑥−3)(5𝑥𝑥+1) 3�𝑥𝑥 2 −1� (𝑥𝑥+3)(𝑥𝑥+3) 8𝑥𝑥�𝑥𝑥 2 −3𝑥𝑥+2�
= (𝑥𝑥−1)(5𝑥𝑥+1)
×
(4𝑥𝑥−3)(𝑥𝑥+1)
= ×
(𝑥𝑥+3)(𝑥𝑥−1)
4(𝑥𝑥+3)
1 3(𝑥𝑥−1)(𝑥𝑥+1) 1 2𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥−1)(𝑥𝑥−2)
= 𝑥𝑥−1 × = × (𝑥𝑥−1)
𝑥𝑥+1 1
=3 = 2𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 − 2)

5) Solve the following trinomials by factoring or using the quadratic equation. If you have
taken the module on exponents, simplify the radicals as much as possible without using a
calculator.

a) 𝑥𝑥 2 + 12𝑥𝑥 + 31 = 0 b) 𝑥𝑥 2 − 7𝑥𝑥 + 13 = 0
−12±�122 −4(1)(31) −(−7)±�(−7)2 −4(1)(13)
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 =
2(1) 2(1)
−12±√144−124 7±√49−52
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 =
2 2
−12±√20 7±√−3
𝑥𝑥 = ≈ −8.236, −3.764 𝑥𝑥 = imaginary, no solution
2 2
−12±2√5
𝑥𝑥 = 2
𝑥𝑥 = −6 ± √5

c) 𝑥𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑥 + 9 = 0 d) 7𝑥𝑥 2 − 5𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0

−(−5)±�(−5)2 −4(7)(−2)
(𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 + 3) = 0 𝑥𝑥 = 2(7)
5±√25+56
𝑥𝑥 = −3, −3 or 𝑥𝑥 = 14
5±√81
𝑥𝑥 = −3 double root 𝑥𝑥 = 14
5±9
𝑥𝑥 = 14
2
𝑥𝑥 = − 7 , 1 (since fractions, could
have factored instead)
2
7𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
(7𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 0
2
𝑥𝑥 = − 7 , 1
e) 5𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0 f) 14𝑥𝑥 2 − 17𝑥𝑥 + 4 = 0
−(−3)±�(−3)2 −4(5)(−2) −(−17)±�(−17)2 −4(14)(4)
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 =
2(5) 2(14)
3±√9+40 17±√289−224
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 =
10 28
3±√49 17±√65
𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 =
10 28
3±7
𝑥𝑥 = 10
NOTE: We could write this as factored
2 17+√65 17−√65
𝑥𝑥 = − 5 , 1 �𝑥𝑥 − � �𝑥𝑥 − �=0
28 28
OR �28𝑥𝑥 − 17 − √65��28𝑥𝑥 − 17 + √65� = 0
5𝑥𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
(5𝑥𝑥 + 2)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 0
2
𝑥𝑥 = − 5 , 1

6) Write the solutions to the following pre-factored equations:

a) 4𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥 + 1) = 0 b) 2(2𝑥𝑥 − 3)(𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 0

𝑥𝑥 = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 + 1) = 0 (2𝑥𝑥 − 3) = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 0, −1 2𝑥𝑥 = 3 or 𝑥𝑥 = 1
3
𝑥𝑥 = 2 , 1
Reach Ahead: There are as many answers as there are powers of 𝑥𝑥 when solving an equation.
Sometimes the answers are imaginary as we ignore those answers, other times there are multiple
answers of the same value (repeated roots). For example, consider the equations 𝑥𝑥 3 = 0 and 𝑥𝑥 3 =
1. Both of these equations have three solutions since the highest power of 𝑥𝑥 is three. The first
equation is easiest to consider if we think about it as 𝑥𝑥 ∗ 𝑥𝑥 ∗ 𝑥𝑥 = 0 and which only has one solution
𝑥𝑥 = 0 but since there were three factors multiplying to give zero, each factor is the same and hence
our three answers (a triple root) are all 0. The second example, 𝑥𝑥 3 = 1 cannot be evaluated the
same since while 𝑥𝑥 ∗ 𝑥𝑥 ∗ 𝑥𝑥 = 1 gives us our only real solution of 𝑥𝑥 = 1 this is not a triple root. The
other two answers in this case are imaginary and therefore are not of interest, but the answer is NOT
a triple root of 1.

1) Write the solutions to the following pre-factored equations:

a) 3𝑥𝑥 3 (5𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 = 0 b) 25(2𝑥𝑥 2 − 3)(𝑥𝑥 3 + 27) = 0

𝑥𝑥 3 = 0 or (5𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 = 0 (2𝑥𝑥 2 − 3) = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 3 + 27) = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 0, 0, 0 (triple root of 0) or (2𝑥𝑥 2 − 3) = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 3 + 27) = 0
5𝑥𝑥 = −1 (double root) giving 2𝑥𝑥 2 = 3 or 𝑥𝑥 3 = −27
1 1 3
𝑥𝑥 = 0, 0, 0, − 5 , − 5 𝑥𝑥 = ±�2 , −3

c) −4𝑥𝑥 2 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 + 4) = 0
−4𝑥𝑥 2 = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 + 4) = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 + 1) = 0
𝑥𝑥 = 0, 0, −1, −4
3
d) √5(𝑥𝑥 2 + 7)(𝑥𝑥 2 − 7)3 = 0
(𝑥𝑥 2 + 7) = 0 or (𝑥𝑥 2 − 7)3 = 0
𝑥𝑥 2 = −7 or 𝑥𝑥 2 = 7 (triple root)
𝑥𝑥 = √−7, −√−7, √7, √7, √7, −√7, −√7, −√7
Note that √−7 = 𝑖𝑖√7 and −√−7 = −𝑖𝑖√7
are imaginary numbers