Problem Set Solutions.

Differentiation 3

Differentiate the following using your knowledge of the differentiation rules that you have learned so far.
2 𝑥 2 −3𝑥+2
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2√𝑥 + 7√𝑥 3 − 6. 𝑦 =
𝑥2 𝑥+3
1 3
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 −2 𝑑𝑦 (2𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 3) − (𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2)(1)
=
1 21 1 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 3)2
𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝑥 −2 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 −3 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 11
2 =
121√𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 3)2
𝑓′(𝑥) = + + 3
√𝑥 2 𝑥
tan(2𝑥+1)
7. ℎ(𝑥) =
𝑥 2 +7𝑥−18 2𝑥 2 +1
2. 𝑦 = 2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (2𝑥 + 1)(2𝑥 2 + 1) − (4𝑥)(tan(2𝑥 + 1))
𝑥+9
(𝑥 + 9)(𝑥 − 2) =
(2𝑥2 + 1)2
𝑦=
𝑥+9
𝑦 =𝑥−2 2(2𝑥2 + 1)𝑠𝑒𝑐2(2𝑥 + 1) − (4𝑥)(tan(2𝑥 + 1))
𝑑𝑦 =
=1 (2𝑥 2 + 1)2
𝑑𝑥
ln(4𝑥−3)
3
𝑥 −3 +7 √𝑥−4𝑥 2 8. 𝑓(𝑥) =
3. 𝑔(𝑥) = −4𝑥 2
1
2√𝑥 4 (−4𝑥 2 )−(−8𝑥) ln(4𝑥−3)
𝑥 −3
3
7 √𝑥 4𝑥 2 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4𝑥−3
(−4𝑥 2 )2
𝑔(𝑥) = + −
2√𝑥 2√𝑥 2√𝑥 −16𝑥 2
+ 8𝑥 ln(4𝑥 − 3)
1 7 7 1 3
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 −2 + 𝑥 −6 − 2𝑥 2 𝑓′(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 3
2 2 16𝑥 4
7 −9 7 7 1
𝑔 (𝑥) = − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 −6 − 3𝑥 2
′
9. 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)4 (𝑥 − 2)5
4 12
′
7 7 𝑦′ = 4(𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 − 2)5 + (𝑥 + 1)4 ∙ 5(𝑥 − 2)4
𝑔 (𝑥) = − − 6 − 3√𝑥 𝑦′ = (𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 − 2)4 [4(𝑥 − 2) + 5(𝑥 + 1)]
4√𝑥 9 12 √𝑥 7
𝑦′ = (𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 − 2)4 (9𝑥 − 3)
𝑦′ = 3(𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 − 2)4 (3𝑥 − 1)
4. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 2 cos(3𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 10. 𝑓(𝑥) = sin(𝑥𝑒 𝑥 )
= 10𝑥  cos(3𝑥) + 5𝑥 2  3(− sin(3𝑥)) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = cos( 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 )  [(1)(𝑒 𝑥 ) + (𝑥)(𝑒 𝑥 )]
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 𝑥) cos( 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 )
= 5𝑥(2 cos(3𝑥) − 3𝑥 sin(3𝑥))
𝑑𝑥

5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥
𝑓′(𝑥) = 16𝑥 3 − 15𝑥 2 + (4𝑥  𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2  𝑒 𝑥 )
𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 (16𝑥 − 15) + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥 (2 + 𝑥)

1
 𝑥−𝑎
11. The graph of 𝑦 = has gradient 1 at the point (𝑎, 0) and 𝑎 ≠ −2. Find the value of 𝑎.
𝑥+2
𝑑𝑦 (1)(𝑥 + 2) − (1)(𝑥 − 𝑎)
=
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 2)2
(1)(𝑥 + 2) − (1)(𝑥 − 𝑎)
(𝑥 + 2)2
2+𝑎
=
(𝑥 + 2)2
2+𝑎
1=
(𝑎 + 2)2

1
1= ⟹ (as 𝑎 ≠ −2), 𝑎 + 2 = 1, 𝑎 = −1
𝑎+2

12. Without a calculator, find the x-coordinates of the points on the graph of 𝑦 = (2𝑥 + 1)5 𝑒 −2𝑥 where
the gradient is 0.
𝑦 = 5(2𝑥 + 1)4 ∙ (2) ∙ 𝑒 −2𝑥 + (2𝑥 + 1)5 ∙ (−2) ∙ 𝑒 −2𝑥
′

′ 4 −2𝑥 [5 ′
2(2𝑥 + 1)4 (4 − 2𝑥)
𝑦 = 2(2𝑥 + 1) 𝑒 − (2𝑥 + 1)] ⟹ 𝑦 =
𝑒 2𝑥
4
4(2𝑥+1) (2−𝑥) 4
0= ⟹ 0 = (2𝑥 + 1) (2 − 𝑥)
𝑒 2𝑥
1
𝑥 = − 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2
2
𝑥2
13. Without a calculator, find the coordinates of the points on the graph of 𝑦 = where the gradient is
2𝑥−1
0.
(2𝑥)(2𝑥 − 1) − (𝑥 2 )(2) 2𝑥(𝑥 − 1)
𝑦′ = ⟹ 𝑦′ =
(2𝑥 − 1) 2 (2𝑥 − 1)2
2𝑥(𝑥 − 1)
0= ⟹ 0 = 2𝑥(𝑥 − 1)
(2𝑥 − 1)2
𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 1

𝑥(𝑎+𝑏𝑥)
14. Given that 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 √1 + 𝑥, show that 𝑓′(𝑥) = where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are constants to be found.
2√1+𝑥
1
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2  (1 + 𝑥)2
1 1 1 2𝑥√1 + 𝑥 𝑥2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥  (1 + 𝑥)2 + 𝑥 2 (1 + 𝑥) −2 ⟹ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = +
2 1 2√1 + 𝑥
2
(2𝑥√1 + 𝑥  2√1 + 𝑥) + (𝑥  1) 4𝑥(1 + 𝑥) + 𝑥 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⟹ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
(1)  (2√1 + 𝑥) 2√1 + 𝑥
2
5𝑥 + 4𝑥 𝑥(4𝑥 + 5)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⟹ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) =
2√1 + 𝑥 2√1 + 𝑥
𝑎 = 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 = 5

2
 𝑥2 𝑑𝑦 𝑥(𝑎𝑥+𝑏)
15. Given that 𝑦 = , show that = stating clearly the value of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑝.
√𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥 2(𝑥+1)𝑝

1 1 2𝑥  √𝑥 + 1 𝑥2
(2𝑥)  √𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 2  (𝑥 + 1)−2 −
2 1 2√𝑥 + 1
𝑦′ = 2 ⟹ 𝑦′ =
(√𝑥 + 1) 𝑥+1
(2𝑥  √𝑥 + 1)  (2√𝑥 + 1) − (𝑥 2 ). (1) 4𝑥(𝑥 + 1) − 𝑥 2
(1)  (2√𝑥 + 1) 2√𝑥 + 1
𝑦′ = ⟹ 𝑦′ =
𝑥+1 𝑥+1
𝑥(3𝑥 + 4) 𝑥 + 1 𝑥(3𝑥 + 4) 1
𝑦′ = ÷ ⟹ 𝑦′ = 
2√𝑥 + 1 1 2√𝑥 + 1 𝑥 + 1

𝑥(3𝑥 + 4) 3
𝑦′ = 3 ⟹ 𝑎 = 3 , 𝑏 = 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝 =
2
2(𝑥 + 1)2