Paola A.

López
ID 100057856.
Tutor: Lugo Barbosa
Cálculo Diferencial
Actividad 3– Limites l

1.

a. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 4𝑥 + 8=𝑙𝑖𝑚 4(3) + 8 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 12 + 8 = 20.

𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥→3

b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3𝑥 + 9= 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3(−1) + 9 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 3 + 9 = 6.

𝑥→−1 𝑥→−1 𝑥→3

𝑥 2 +5𝑥+2 (2)2 +5(2)+2 4+10+2 16

c. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 16.
𝑥→2 𝑥−1 𝑥→2 (2)−1 𝑥→2 1 𝑥→2 1
𝑥 2 +6𝑥+2 (−2)2 +6(−2)+2 4−12+2 −6 3
d. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥3
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (−2)3
= −8
= −8 = 4.
𝑥→−2 𝑥→−2

2. 𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟.

𝑥 2 −2𝑥 1
a. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 4𝑥 2 −4
= 4.
𝑥→∞
𝑥2 2𝑥 2 2 2
𝑥 2 −2𝑥 − 1−𝑥 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1−𝑥) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 1− 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥2
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 2 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 4 = 𝑥→∞
4 = 𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞
4=
𝑥→∞ 4𝑥 2−4 𝑥→∞ 4𝑥 − 4 𝑥→∞ 4− 2 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (4− 2 ) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 4− 𝑙𝑖𝑚 2
𝑥2 𝑥2 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 𝑥

(1 − 0) 1
= .
(4 − 0) 4

𝑥+3
b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √𝑥−2 = 1.
𝑥→∞

3 3
𝑥+3 1 + 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1 + )
𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥
𝑙𝑖𝑚 √ = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √ =√ ;
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 − 2 𝑥→∞ 2 2
1−𝑥 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1 − 𝑥 )
𝑥→∞

3 2 1
lim (1 + ) = 1 ∧ lim (1 − ) = 1; √ = 1.
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 1
3.

𝑥+1 1
a. 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+[(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6]=
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚+ (𝑥 + 1) ∗ 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ ( ) ; 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥 + 1) = 2 + 1 = 3 ∧
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 𝑥→2+
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚+ ( ) = −∞; 3(−∞) = −∞.
𝑥→2 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6
𝑥+1 1
b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚−[(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6] =
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚− (𝑥 + 1) ∗ 𝑙𝑖𝑚− ( ) ; 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥 + 1) = 2 + 1 = 3 ∧
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 𝑥→2−
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚− (𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6) = ∞; 3(∞) = ∞.
𝑥→2
𝑥+1 1
c. 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+[(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6] =
𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥→3
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚+ (𝑥 + 1) ∗ 𝑙𝑖𝑚− ( ) ; 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥 + 1) = 3 + 1 = 4 ∧
𝑥→3 𝑥→2 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 𝑥→3+
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚+ (𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6) = ∞; 4(∞) = ∞.
𝑥→3
 𝑥+1 1
d. 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚−[(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6] =
𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥→3
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚− (𝑥 + 1) ∗ 𝑙𝑖𝑚− ( ) ; 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥 + 1) = 3 + 1 = 4 ∧
𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 𝑥→3−
1
𝑙𝑖𝑚− (𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6) = −∞; 4(−∞) = −∞.
𝑥→3
𝑥+1 (2)+1
e. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (2)2 −5(2)+6 =
𝑥→2 𝑥→2 𝑥→2
2+1 3
( )= ;
4 − 10 + 6 0
𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑟 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜, 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒.
𝑥+1 (3)+1
f. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (3)2−5(3)+6 =
𝑥→3 𝑥→3 𝑥→3
3+1 4
( )= ;
9 − 15 + 6 0
𝑁𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑟 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜, 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒.
1 1
𝑥+1 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥+1) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( + )
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥2
g. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 2−5𝑥+6 = 𝑥→∞
= 5 6 ;
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥 2−5𝑥+6) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1−𝑥+ 2)
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 𝑥

1 1 5 6 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( + 2 ) = 0 ∧ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1 − + 2 ) = 1; = 0.
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥 1
1 1
𝑥+1 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥+1) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( + )
𝑥→−∞ 𝑥→−∞ 𝑥 𝑥2
h. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = 5 6 ;
𝑥→−∞ 𝑥→−∞ 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (𝑥 2−5𝑥+6)
𝑥→−∞
𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1−𝑥+ 2)
𝑥→−∞ 𝑥

1 1 5 6 0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 ( + 2 ) = 0 ∧ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (1 − + 2 ) = 1; = 0.
𝑥→−∞ 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥→−∞ 𝑥 𝑥 1
4.

a. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 5𝑥 2 − 4 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 5𝑥 2 = 5 ( 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 2 ) = 5(−∞)2 = ∞.

𝑥→−∞ 𝑥→−∞ 𝑥→−∞
1 1 1
b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = ∞3 = 0.
𝑥→∞ 𝑥3 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥3
𝑥→∞

𝑥−5 𝑥−5 1 1 1
c. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 2 =𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = (5)+5 = 10.
𝑥→5 𝑥 −25 𝑥→5 (𝑥−5)(𝑥+5) 𝑥→5 (𝑥+5)
2
𝑥2−2𝑥
d. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 2
𝑥 −4𝑥−4
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚 (52) −2(5) = 25−20−4
25−10
= 15
1
= 15.
𝑥→5 𝑥→5 (5) −4(5)−4

(𝑥+ℎ)3 −𝑥 3 ℎ[(𝑥+ℎ)2 +𝑥(𝑥+ℎ)+𝑥 2 ]

e. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = = (𝑥 + ℎ)2 + 𝑥(𝑥 + ℎ) + 𝑥 2 =
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 + 𝑥(𝑥 + ℎ) + 𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥ℎ + 𝑥 2 =

𝑙𝑖𝑚 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 = 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥(0) + (0)2 = 3𝑥 2 .
ℎ→0
1 1 3 1 1 3
𝑥 3 +𝑥 2−𝑥+3 1+𝑥− 2+ 3 𝑙𝑖𝑚 1+𝑥− 2+ 3
5;
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥
f. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3 3 5 = 3 3
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 −3𝑥 2−3𝑥+5 𝑥→∞ 1−𝑥− 2+ 3 𝑙𝑖𝑚 1−𝑥− 2+ 3
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥

1 1 3 3 3 5 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 1 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 = 1 ∧ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 1 − 𝑥 − 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 1; = 1.
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 1

(√𝑥 2+1−√𝑥 2−1)(√𝑥 2+1+√𝑥 2−1 )

g. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √𝑥 2 +1− √𝑥 2 −1 = =
𝑥→∞ √𝑥 2+1+√𝑥 2−1
2 2
(√𝑥 2 + 1) − (√𝑥 2 − 1) 𝑥 2 + 1 − (𝑥 2 − 1) 2
= = =
√𝑥 2 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 1 √𝑥 2 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 1 √𝑥 2 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 1
1 lim (1)
𝑥→∞
2 ∗ lim =2∗ =
𝑥→∞ √𝑥 2 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 1 lim (√𝑥 2 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 1 )
𝑥→∞

1
lim (1) = 1 ∧ lim (√𝑥 2 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 1 ) = ∞ ; 2 ∗ = 2 ∗ 0 = 0.
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ ∞
5.
1
a.𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0.
R/:
1 1
3
𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 3 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚(0)3 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 √0 = 0 . 𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑜, 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑦
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0
𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥0), 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎.
𝑥→𝑥0
2
b.𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 (𝑥 2 − ) 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 2.
𝑥
2 2
R/: 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 𝑥) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 3(2) ((2)2 − 2) = 6 (4 − 1) = 6(3) = 18.
𝑥→2 𝑥→2

𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑜, 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑦 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥0), 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎.

𝑥→𝑥0
c.𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑒𝑛 − 3.

R/: 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 = (−3)2 − 3(−3) + 2 = 9 + 9 + 2 = 20.

𝑥→−3

𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑜, 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑦 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥0), 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎.

𝑥→𝑥0