•

➢
➢

➢
 𝑅: 𝐴 → 𝐵 𝐴 = {0; ; 1; 2}  𝐵 = {3; 4; 5; 6}

= {(0; 3), (0; 4), (1; 5), (2; 6)}

= {(1; 3), (2; 5)}

= {(0; 5), (1; 6), (2; 3)}

 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵  𝑓 = {(0; 5), (1; 6), (2; 3)}
𝑓 (0) = 5 → 5 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 "𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛" 𝑑𝑒 0 𝑦 0 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 "𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛" 𝑑𝑒 5.
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑦 𝑓 (1) = 6 → 6 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 “𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛” 𝑑𝑒 1 𝑦 1 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 “𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛” 𝑑𝑒 6.
𝑓 (2) = 3 → 3 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 “𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛”𝑑𝑒 2 𝑦 2 𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑎 "𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑛" 𝑑𝑒3

𝑅: 𝐴 → 𝐵  𝐴 = [−1; 4]  𝐵 = [−2; 3]
𝑓 (3) = 𝑓( )=4 𝑓(2) = 𝑓( )=3

𝑓: ℛ → ℛ

[−4; 6] [−2; 3]
 𝑓 (0) = 𝑦

𝑓(𝑥) = 0

𝑓 (0) = 1

𝑪+ = 𝑥  𝐷𝑜𝑚 𝑓  𝑓 (𝑥) > 0

𝑪− = 𝑥  𝐷𝑜𝑚 𝑓  𝑓(𝑥) < 0

𝑪+ = (−𝟒; 𝟒)
𝑪− = (−∞; −𝟒) 𝑼 (𝟒; ∞)
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 ⇔ 𝑥2 > 𝑥1  𝑓(𝑥2 ) > f(𝑥1 )
 𝑓 (𝑥) 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 ⇔ 𝑥2 > 𝑥1  𝑓(𝑥2 ) < f(𝑥1 )

(−∞; −2) (−2; 3) (3; ∞)

𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃 (𝒎 ∈ ℝ 𝒚 𝒃 ∈ ℝ) ℝ

•𝒎

•𝒃

• 𝑦=0

𝑚
𝟐
𝒚 = 𝒙+𝟏
𝟑

𝑏 𝑏 = 1

𝒚=
𝟐
𝟑
𝒙+𝟏
 𝟐
𝑦=0⟹ 𝒙+𝟏=𝟎
𝟑
𝟐
𝒙 =𝟎−𝟏
𝟑
𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟏:
𝟑
𝟑
𝒙 = − ≅ −𝟏, 𝟓
𝟐
𝑥=
−1,5.

1 5
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2 𝑦 = 𝑥+1 𝑦 = − 𝑥−3
2 4

𝑚= 𝑚=

𝑏= 𝑏 =
 (−3; 6).

−4 2

• (𝑥1 ; 𝑦1 )

𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚 ⋅ (𝑥 − 𝑥1 )

3 (5; −2)
𝑚 =3 (𝑥1 ; 𝑦1 )
𝑦 − (−2) = 3 ⋅ (𝑥 − 5)

𝑦 + 2 = 3𝑥 − 15

𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 15 − 2

𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏𝟕

• (𝑥1 ; 𝑦1 ) 𝑦 (𝑥2 ; 𝑦2 ) 𝑚=
𝑦2 −𝑦1
𝑥2 −𝑥1
(−1; 2) (−3; −4)
(𝑥1 ; 𝑦1 ) (𝑥2 ; 𝑦2 )
−4 − 2
𝑚=
−3 −(−1)
−6
𝑚= =3
−2

𝑦 − 2 = 3 ⋅ (𝑥 − (−1))

𝑦 − 2 = 3 ⋅ (𝑥 + 1)
𝑦 − 2 = 3𝑥 + 3
𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 3 + 2
𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟓
 // ⊥

𝑦1 = 𝑚1𝑥 + 𝑏1 ⇒ 𝑦1 //𝑦2 ⇔ 𝑚1 = 𝑚2
𝑦2 = 𝑚2 𝑥 + 𝑏2

𝑦1 = 2𝑥 + 3 ⇒ 𝑦1 //𝑦2
𝑦2 = 2𝑥 − 1
•
1
𝑦1 = 𝑚1𝑥 + 𝑏1 ⇒ 𝑦1 ⊥ 𝑦2 ⇔ 𝑚1 = −
𝑚2
𝑦2 = 𝑚2 𝑥 + 𝑏2

𝑦1 = 3𝑥 − 2 ⇒ 𝑦1 ⊥ 𝑦2
1
𝑦2 = − 𝑥 + 1
3
•
 y

(−2; 3)

(3; 5).
𝑟𝑠
̅