Salvation Army- Boroko Primary School

Grade Seven Social Science Notes

Name: _____________________ LOCK-DOWN WORK: Class: _______________

Strand: Environment and Resources

Sub-Strand: People and Environment-Papua New Guinea and the Region

Outcome: 7.1.1→ Students are able to identify and describe human and physical environments of the
province, nation and region, and describe the factors and processes that have formed them.

Language Evidence.

Another set of clues about early settlement in the Pacific is language. In Papua New Guinea there are
two major language groups. One is called Austronesian. The other major group in Papua New Guinea is
called Non-Austronesian.

The Austronesian speaking people probably came from Asia. There was an Austronesian Language
spoken people in South East Asia around 6000 years ago. Some of these people probably came to Papua
New Guinea. Austronesian is found in some coastal and some Island parts of Papua New Guinea.

The Non-Austronesian languages are much more complex and difficult to learn. They make up about 85
per cent of the original languages here. No one knows where Non-Austronesian languages come from.
Many of them do not appear to be related to each other. All the Austronesian languages are related like
a big family, but Non-Austronesian languages may represent very different groups.

Population Density.

Population density is the number of people per square kilometer.

Population Density now.

When we look at settlement, we are looking at people. The total number of people is the population.
The total population of Papua New Guinea is growing. In 2005 the population was growing at about 2.26
per cent each year.

The average population density for all Papua New Guinea is about eight people per square kilometer.
Growing population density can be a big problem. Cities create resources for people. They provide cash
income through jobs and business opportunities. They often have better schools and hospitals than in
rural areas. In the South Pacific Islands, Cities have attracted people. The population density around
cities has grown. Honiara, on the island of Guadalcanal, is the capital of Solomon Islands.

Natural Hazards.

A natural hazard is something that happens naturally that can harm human beings. A natural hazard can
become a natural disaster when people are not prepared. This means that if people are prepared, a
hazard does not have to become a disaster. However, sometimes it’s too expensive or too difficult to
prepare.
ACTIVITY FOR YOU TO TRY:
There are many natural hazards in our regions. Select one from the many natural hazards in our region
and write a story about it. The natural hazard that you will select to write a story about must be of what
had happened recently. You must also cut some pictures and paste them to go along with your story of
your selected natural hazard. REMEMBER TO DO IT ON A CHART……. (20marks)

01) What is an Earthquake? ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

02) What are Volcanoes? ________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

03) What are Tsunamis? ________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

04) What are Tropical storms and cyclones? ________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

The good part of natural hazards.

Natural hazards are not all bad. They can actually create resources and built islands. For example, the
surge and storm waves from cyclone Bebe in 1972 at Funafuti Atolls built a permanent rumble rampart
from broken coral. The rampart measured 3.5 metres high, 37 metres wide and 18 kilometres long.
Similar coral rumble ramparts have been created by storms on other islands, such as Kiritimati Island,
Kiribati. Floods also replenish soils. One of the reasons why people settle near volcanoes is that the soil
is rich and fertile……… End of the notes and activities………….

…………..Good Luck and enjoy your holidays…….. God Bless and Take care………..

Prepared By: Mr. WBILLY…. Grade seven Social Science Teacher, 2021…….. (apo-man)