SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS COLLEGE

Sogod, Southern Leyte

Learning Module No. 5

Ethics

Name: ___________________________________ Score: _________

Course & Year: ____________________________ Date: _________
Subject: __________________________________

Module Title: Final Examination in Ethics.

I. TRUE-FALSE: Write ethics if the statement is true, if it is false changed the underlined
word or group of words to make the statement correct. Write your answer on the
space provided before the number. (NRX2)

_______1. A child with post-conventional morality has not yet adopted or internalized society’s
conventions regarding what is right or wrong, but instead focuses largely on external
consequences that certain actions may bring.
_______2. John Stuart Mill precisely points out that moral virtue goes beyond the mere act of
intellectually identifying the right thing to do.
_______3. Immanuel Kant argues for the use of the principles of universalizability and of
humanity as end in itself to form a person’s autonomous notion of what s/he ought to do
_______4. Aristotle recognizes the importance of continuous habituation in the goal of shaping
one’s character so that s/he becomes more used to choosing the right thing.

_______5. One of the sources of animal ethics is utilitarianism.

_______6. Aristotle recognizes the importance of continuous habituation in the goal of shaping
one’s character so that s/he becomes more used to choosing the right thing.

_______7. Ethics should neither be reduced to one’s own cultural standards, nor should it
simplistically dismiss one’s unique cultural beliefs and practices.

_______8. Pre -Conventional means a child’s sense of morality is tied to personal and societal
relationships.

_______9. Conventional a person’s sense of morality is defined in terms of more abstract

principles and values.

_______10. The ethical theories or frameworks may serve as guideposts, given that they are the
best attempts to understand morality that the history of human thought has to offer.

II. Read the situation given below and apply all six steps to the question, “is selling one of
my kidneys to a paying customer morally defensible?’’. Write down your answer below.
 In 2009, the Philippine government halted a planned kidney transplant from a Filipina wife
to her Saudi Arabian husband. It was discovered that the couple had only been married for a short
time and that the man did not know how to speak in English or in Filipino, while the wife could not
speak Arabic—a situation that raised a lot of suspicion on the part of the authorities. The
government’s allegation was that the planned transplant was not really an organ donation, which
Philippine law allows, but was, in actuality, a case of an organ sale, which is tantamount to organ
trafficking prohibited by law. One possible reason for the woman’s consent to this alleged deal is the
widespread poverty among Filipinos. Although organ trafficking is patiently illegal in the Philippines
and in many other nations, it continues to be a tempting possibility, especially for impoverished
individuals, to earn some much-needed cash. Most people are born with two kidneys, and an
individual can live on a single kidney. Supposing that the transplant will be done under strict medical
supervision, that there is a shortage of available kidney donors, and setting aside the clear illegal
status of organ trafficking, is it really wrong for a person in great financial need to sell one of her
kidneys to someone who requires a transplant to survive and who is willing and able to offer a
generous amount of cash?

1. Determine your involvement in moral situation.

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2. Gather all the necessary facts.
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3. Identify the stakeholders.
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4. Name all the alternative choices possible and their potential effects on all stakeholders.
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5. Identify the type of ethical issue at hand.
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6. Make your ethical conclusion or decision.
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