CHAPTER 3

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Standard of competency: After completing this chapter the student

will be able to describe biological objects with their own sentences.

Basic competencies : The student will be able to: 1) describe an event

The Carbon Cycle
or cycle of animals or plants, 2) compose sentences with cause and
effect pattern.

The life of plants and animals depends on chemical substances

containing carbon atoms. Plants obtain carbon from the very small amounts

of carbon- dioxide in the atmosphere. This atmospheric CO2 is continually

absorbed and given off (released) in the “carbon cycle”.

Figure 3.1. The Carbon Cycle

19 JUFRI, A.W. English for Biology 2

Now look at these:

(A = cause, B = result)
A result in B.
B result from A.

As a result of A, B occurs.
A leads to B (eventually : other events occur between A and B).

Now make ten true sentences from the tables bellow:

eating plants,
As a result of carbon dioxide is given off.
photosynthesis,
carbohydrates are produced by plants.
combustion of coal,
animals absorb carbon.
decomposition of
dead plants,

Decomposition of plants under respiration.

pressure,

Release of CO2 into the results in photosynthesis.

atmosphere,
Decomposition of dead
animals,
Formation of hard water,
Absorption of CO2 by the sea,
Production of carbohydrates,
the formation of teeth and
results from bones in animals.
the formation of rocks.
leads to
the formation of coal.
the release of CO2 into the
atmosphere.

Formation of carbonic acid, the formation of shells.

Formation of shells, the combination of rain and

CO2 in the atmosphere.

20 JUFRI, A.W. English for Biology 2