Immunology

Acute Inflammation

Chapter four
The immediate response to injury

rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), calor (heat), dolor (pain functio laesa (loss of
function

Hemodynamic changes
transient neurogenic
vasodilation and leakage

Source Mediator

Chemoattractants

Source Chemoattractant

36
Local signals of injury and/or invasion

- DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns)

- PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns)

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

TLR1
TLR2
TLR3
Endosome

TLR4
TLR5
TLR7
TLR6
TLR8
TLR9

TLR11

Cell membrane

37
 fungal glycans

type 1 interferons

Selectin Phase – Rolling

Blood Tissue

Addressin
Chemokine Phase – Activation
Selectin

Chemokines

LFA-1
ICAM-1

Integrin Phase – Adhesion

Para-endothelial migration
PECAM

38
Summary of Adhesion molecules

Molecule Tissue Ligand

Selectins Addressins
(sialyl-Lewis X)

ICAMs
Integrins

2 1

4
3 phagosome
5

phagolysosome

(opsonization

39
•
•
•
O2
lysosomal
NADPH contents
oxidase
O2

OH- H2O2
MPO Cl-
Oxygen HOCI
independent
Oxygen
dependent

40
Summary

41
#MMC (Make Me Care!)

• Streptococcus pyogenes
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Streptococcus pyogenes
• Staphylococcus aureus

42
43
Case History
CGD

44
 Staphylococcus aureus

Differential Diagnoses:

Chief Complaint(s):

Clinical Approach:

Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas

45
Immunologic Workup:
Staphylococcus aureus
Candida albicans.

Diagnosis:

46
Management:

Prognosis:

47
Case History
LAD-1

48
 Staphylococcus aureus

Differential Diagnoses:

Chief Complaint(s):

Clinical Approach:

49
Immunologic Workup:
5

Toxoplasma

Diagnosis:

50
Management:

Prognosis:

51