FINAL ANSWERS

No.
1 a. AT = 0 3 8 15 24
-3 0 5 12 21
-8 -5 0 7 16
-15 -12 -7 0 9
-24 -21 -16 -9 0

b. AB = -260 -310 -360 -410

-200 -235 -270 -305
-100 -110 -120 -130
40 65 90 115
220 290 360 430

c. B - A = There is no answer because the two matrices does not have the same order.

2
a. Cramer's Rule b. Matrix Inversion c. Gaussian Elimination
w= 4.293218 w= 4.293218
x= -0.0243 x= -0.0243
y= -1.79285 y= -1.79285
z= 1.987051 z= 1.987051

3
T1= 292.22
T2= 289.15
T3= 279.72
T4= 272.18
T5= 254.48
T6= 240.13
T7= 198.06
T8= 179.4

4 Rank 3
5 a. x= 1.8954
b. x=
c. x= 1.8955
d. x=

6 a. fp = -1.375
b. fp = 81.104

7 trend line
10

8
f(x) = 1.35368571428571 x² − 0.322088571428573 x − 0.181385714285713
6 R² = 0.925062877452779
f(x) = 4.63677048989081 ln(x) + 1.78262430526583
R² = 0.831710353287251
 trend line
10

8
f(x) = 1.35368571428571 x² − 0.322088571428573 x − 0.181385714285713
6 R² = 0.925062877452779
f(x) = 4.63677048989081 ln(x) + 1.78262430526583
R² = 0.831710353287251
4

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

-2

8 at h = 0.4, at h=0.2,
t y Actual Error t y Actual Error
1 4 4 0 1 4 4 0
1.4 6.943577 6.944 0.000423 1.2 5.327982 5.328 1.837E-05
1.8 11.2312 11.232 0.000803 1.4 6.943965 6.944 3.495E-05
2.2 17.24684 17.248 0.001157 1.6 8.89595 8.896 5.031E-05
2.6 25.37451 25.376 0.001492 1.8 11.23194 11.232 6.481E-05
3 35.99818 36 0.001816 2 13.99992 14 7.865E-05
3.4 49.50187 49.504 0.002132 2.2 17.24791 17.248 9.202E-05
3.8 66.26956 66.272 0.002442 2.4 21.02389 21.024 0.000105
4.2 86.68525 86.688 0.002747 2.6 25.37588 25.376 0.000118
4.6 111.133 111.136 0.003049 2.8 30.35187 30.352 0.00013
5 139.9967 140 0.003348 3 35.99986 36 0.000142
3.2 42.36785 42.368 0.000154
3.4 49.50383 49.504 0.000166
3.6 57.45582 57.456 0.000178
3.8 66.27181 66.272 0.00019
4 75.9998 76 0.000202
4.2 86.68779 86.688 0.000213
4.4 98.38378 98.384 0.000225
4.6 111.1358 111.136 0.000236
4.8 124.9918 124.992 0.000248
5 139.9997 140 0.000259
 cos⁡〖𝑥 = 〗 1−𝑥^2/2!+𝑥^4/4!−𝑥^6/6!+𝑥^8/8!−…
9

10 xo yo yo' yo'' yo''' yoiv yov yovi

0 4 -3 2 -1 0 1 -2
same order.

c. Gaussian Elimination d. Gauss Jordan Elimination

w= 4.251402 w= 4.328842
x= -0.01845 x= -0.0245
y= -1.80256 y= 1.809074
z= 1.986539 z= 1.98705

y= 1.3537x2 - 0.3221x - 0.1814

 at h=0.05,
t y Actual Error
1 4 4 0
1.05 4.307625 4.307625 2.361E-08
1.1 4.631 4.631 4.624E-08
1.15 4.970875 4.970875 6.802E-08
1.2 5.328 5.328 8.906E-08
1.25 5.703125 5.703125 1.094E-07
1.3 6.097 6.097 1.292E-07
1.35 6.510375 6.510375 1.485E-07
1.4 6.944 6.944 1.672E-07
1.45 7.398625 7.398625 1.856E-07
1.5 7.875 7.875 2.036E-07
1.55 8.373875 8.373875 2.212E-07
1.6 8.896 8.896 2.385E-07
1.65 9.442125 9.442125 2.555E-07
1.7 10.013 10.013 2.723E-07
1.75 10.60937 10.60938 2.888E-07
1.8 11.232 11.232 3.051E-07
1.85 11.88162 11.88163 3.211E-07
1.9 12.559 12.559 3.37E-07
1.95 13.26487 13.26488 3.528E-07
2 14 14 3.683E-07
2.05 14.76512 14.76513 3.837E-07
2.1 15.561 15.561 3.99E-07
2.15 16.38837 16.38838 4.141E-07
2.2 17.248 17.248 4.291E-07
2.25 18.14062 18.14063 4.44E-07
2.3 19.067 19.067 4.588E-07
2.35 20.02787 20.02788 4.735E-07
2.4 21.024 21.024 4.881E-07
2.45 22.05612 22.05613 5.026E-07
2.5 23.125 23.125 5.17E-07
2.55 24.23137 24.23138 5.314E-07
 2.6 25.376 25.376 5.456E-07
2.65 26.55962 26.55963 5.598E-07
2.7 27.783 27.783 5.74E-07
2.75 29.04687 29.04688 5.88E-07
2.8 30.352 30.352 6.02E-07
2.85 31.69912 31.69913 6.16E-07
2.9 33.089 33.089 6.299E-07
2.95 34.52237 34.52238 6.438E-07
3 36 36 6.576E-07
3.05 37.52262 37.52263 6.713E-07
3.1 39.091 39.091 6.85E-07
3.15 40.70587 40.70587 6.987E-07
3.2 42.368 42.368 7.123E-07
3.25 44.07812 44.07812 7.259E-07
3.3 45.837 45.837 7.395E-07
3.35 47.64537 47.64537 7.53E-07
3.4 49.504 49.504 7.665E-07
3.45 51.41362 51.41362 7.8E-07
3.5 53.375 53.375 7.934E-07
3.55 55.38887 55.38887 8.068E-07
3.6 57.456 57.456 8.202E-07
3.65 59.57712 59.57712 8.335E-07
3.7 61.753 61.753 8.468E-07
3.75 63.98437 63.98437 8.601E-07
3.8 66.272 66.272 8.734E-07
3.85 68.61662 68.61662 8.867E-07
3.9 71.019 71.019 9E-07
3.95 73.47987 73.47987 9.131E-07
4 76 76 9.263E-07
4.05 78.58012 78.58012 9.394E-07
4.1 81.221 81.221 9.526E-07
4.15 83.92337 83.92337 9.657E-07
4.2 86.688 86.688 9.788E-07
4.25 89.51562 89.51562 9.919E-07
4.3 92.407 92.407 1.005E-06
4.35 95.36287 95.36287 1.018E-06
4.4 98.384 98.384 1.031E-06
4.45 101.4711 101.4711 1.044E-06
4.5 104.625 104.625 1.057E-06
4.55 107.8464 107.8464 1.07E-06
4.6 111.136 111.136 1.083E-06
4.65 114.4946 114.4946 1.096E-06
4.7 117.923 117.923 1.109E-06
4.75 121.4219 121.4219 1.122E-06
4.8 124.992 124.992 1.135E-06
4.85 128.6341 128.6341 1.148E-06
4.9 132.349 132.349 1.161E-06
 4.95 136.1374 136.1374 1.174E-06
5 140 140 1.187E-06

x y Actual Error
2.3 0.487318 0.631631 0.144313
 BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Mechanical/Petroleum Engineering Department
AY 2019-2020, Second Semester

ME 404
Advanced Mathematics for ME
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM

NAME: Barreto, John Lloyd D. Seat No. 06

Write your name and seat number in this questionnaire. Solve the following problems completely.
If you are using calculator, write your solution and final answers on bond paper, take picture or
scan and upload together with this questionnaire as one file. If you are using Excel sheet, upload the
excel file. (Sheet 1 for the summary of your final answers. For Sheet 2 copy paste this questionnaire.
Solution should start with Sheet 3). Rename the sheets by topic. Use your seat number and full
name as file name. Example: 0 Cabaces, Donnalyn C.

1. For 1 ≤ i ≤ 5 and 1 ≤ j ≤ 5, let a ij denotes the element in the ith row and jth column of matrix A.
And for 1 ≤ i ≤ 5and 1 ≤ j ≤ 4, let bij denotes the element in the ith row and jth column of matrix
B. Display A and B as a rectangular array if a ij = i2 – j2 and bij = i + j and find the following:
a. AT
b. AB
c. B - A

2. Solve the following system of linear equations using a)Cramer’s rule, b)Matrix Inversion,
c)Gaussian, and d)Gauss-Jordan method

2.2 x +1.5 y – 3.3 z = - 9.30

0.2 w + 1.8 x + 4.24 z = 9.24
- w – 3.1 x + 2.5 y = - 8.70
0.5 w – 3.8 y + 1.5 z = 11.94

3. The following matrices were obtained from a solution of a two-dimensional steady-state heat
transfer problem with T1 to T8 as the unknowns. Find T1 to T8 using Gauss-Seidel iteration
method with a tolerance of 0.01.

4. Find the rank of this matrix.

5. Find the first positive root of 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 = 𝟎 using a)Incremental search, b)Bisection Method,
c)False Position Method and d)Newton Raphson Method. Use your seat number as the initial
value. If it does not satisfy the requirements, divide it by 10 or 20 or 30 until you meet the
requirements for each method.
5. Find the first positive root of 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 = 𝟎 using a)Incremental search, b)Bisection Method,
c)False Position Method and d)Newton Raphson Method. Use your seat number as the initial
value. If it does not satisfy the requirements, divide it by 10 or 20 or 30 until you meet the
requirements for each method.

6. A Polynomial function is defined by the following set of function values.

completely.
picture or
upload the
estionnaire.
er and full

of matrix A.
mn of matrix
wing:

x Inversion,

y-state heat
del iteration

on Method,
s the initial
ou meet the
 on Method,
s the initial
ou meet the
Answer:
1. For Matrix A For Matrix B
1 ≤ i≤ 5 1 ≤ i≤ 5
1≤j≤5 1≤j≤4

Aij = i2 - j2 Bij = i+j

A= B=
A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A11 A12
A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A21 A22
A31 A32 A33 A34 A35 A31 A32
A41 A42 A43 A44 A45 A41 A42
A51 A52 A53 A54 A55 A51 A52

0 -3 -8 -15 -24 2 3
3 0 -5 -12 -21 3 4
8 5 0 -7 -16 4 5
15 12 7 0 -9 5 6
24 21 16 9 0 6 7

a. Find AT
T
0 -3 -8 -15 -24 0 3
3 0 -5 -12 -21 -3 0
8 5 0 -7 -16 = -8 -5
15 12 7 0 -9 -15 -12
24 21 16 9 0 -24 -21

b. Find AB
0 -3 -8 -15 -24 2 3
3 0 -5 -12 -21 3 4
8 5 0 -7 -16 x 4 5
15 12 7 0 -9 5 6
24 21 16 9 0 6 7

c. Find B-A
This can't be done because their order are not the same.So there is no particular answer to this question.
 A13 A14
A23 A24
A33 A34
A43 A44
A53 A54

4 5
5 6
6 7
7 8
8 9

8 15 24
5 12 21
0 7 16
-7 0 9
-16 -9 0 answer.

4 5 -260 -310 -360 -410

5 6 -200 -235 -270 -305
6 7 = -100 -110 -120 -130
7 8 40 65 90 115
8 9 220 290 360 430 answer.

wer to this question.

a. Cramer's Rule
Equations w x y z k
2.2 x +1.5 y – 3.3 z = - 9.30 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0.2 w + 1.8 x + 4.24 z = 9.24 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
- w – 3.1 x + 2.5 y = - 8.70 -1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 w – 3.8 y + 1.5 z = 11.94 0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

D= 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 DY= 0 2.2 -9.3

0.2 1.8 0 4.24 0.2 1.8 9.24
-1 -3.1 2.5 0 -1 -3.1 -8.7
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 0.5 0 11.94

D W= -9.3 2.2 1.5 -3.3 D Z= 0 2.2 1.5

9.24 1.8 0 4.24 0.2 1.8 0
-8.7 -3.1 2.5 0 -1 -3.1 2.5
11.94 0 -3.8 1.5 0.5 0 -3.8

DX= 0 -9.3 1.5 -3.3

0.2 9.24 0 4.24
-1 -8.7 2.5 0
0.5 11.94 -3.8 1.5

ANSWERS:
D= -20.2956
DW= -87.13344 w= 4.293218
DX= 0.4932 x= -0.024301
DY= 36.38688 y= -1.792846
DZ= -40.3284 z= 1.987051
 -3.3
4.24
0
1.5

-9.3
9.24
-8.7
11.94
b. Matrix Inversion

Equations w x y z k
2.2 x +1.5 y – 3.3 z = - 9.30 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0.2 w + 1.8 x + 4.24 z = 9.24 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
- w – 3.1 x + 2.5 y = - 8.70 -1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 w – 3.8 y + 1.5 z = 11.94 0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

A= 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3

0.2 1.8 0 4.24
-1 -3.1 2.5 0
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5

X= w B= -9.3
x 9.24
y -8.7
z 11.94

A'= -2.793571 -1.165228 -2.659118 -2.852145 A'*B= 4.293218 X=

0.56968 0.30376 0.258085 0.394667 -0.024301
-0.411025 -0.089428 -0.343621 -0.651471 -1.792846
-0.110073 0.161858 0.015866 -0.033012 1.987051
w= 4.293218
x= -0.024301
y= -1.792846
z= 1.987051
c. Gaussian

Equations w x y z k
2.2 x +1.5 y – 3.3 z = - 9.30 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0.2 w + 1.8 x + 4.24 z = 9.24 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
- w – 3.1 x + 2.5 y = - 8.70 -1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 w – 3.8 y + 1.5 z = 11.94 0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Initial Matrix 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3

0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
-1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Swap row 2 and row 1 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
-1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Substract -5 row 1 from row 3 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 5.9 2.5 21.2 37.5
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Substract 5/2 row 1 from row 4 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 5.9 2.5 21.2 37.5
0 -4.5 -3.8 -9.1 -11.16

Substract 8/3 row 2 from row 3 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 0.033333 -1.5 30 62.3
0 -4.5 -3.8 -9.1 -11.16

Substract -43/21 row 2 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

from row 4 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 0.033333 -1.5 30 62.3
0 0.004762 -0.728571 -15.85714 -30.20286

Substract 12/25 row 3 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

from row 4 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 0.033333 -1.5 30 62.3
0 -0.011238 -0.008571 -30.25714 -60.10686
w x y z k
0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 0 -1.5 30 62.3
0 0 0 -30.2571 -60.1069

w= 4.251402
x= -0.018447
y= -1.802559
z= 1.986539
d. Gauss Jordan Method

Equations w x y z k
2.2 x +1.5 y – 3.3 z = - 9.30 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0.2 w + 1.8 x + 4.24 z = 9.24 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
- w – 3.1 x + 2.5 y = - 8.70 -1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 w – 3.8 y + 1.5 z = 11.94 0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Initial Matrix 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3

0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24
-1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Swap R1 to R2 0.2 1.8 0 4.24 9.24

0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
-1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

Normalize 1 9 0 21.2 46.2

R1(5) 0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
-1 -3.1 2.5 0 -8.7
0.5 0 -3.8 1.5 11.94

1 9 0 21.2 46.2
0 2.2 1.5 -3.3 -9.3
0 5.9 2.5 21.2 37.5
0 -4.5 -3.8 -9.1 -11.16

Normalize 1 9 0 21.2 46.2

R2(5/11) 0 1 0.681818 -1.5 -4.227273
0 5.9 2.5 21.2 37.5
0 -4.5 -3.8 -9.1 -11.16

1 0 -6.136364 34.7 84.24545

0 1 0.681818 -1.5 -4.227273
0 0 -1.522727 30.05 62.44091
0 0 -0.731818 -15.85 -30.18273

Normalize 1 0 -6.136364 34.7 84.24545

R3(-21/32) 0 1 0.681818 -1.5 -4.227273
0 0 0.99929 -19.72031 -40.97685
0 0 -0.731818 -15.85 -30.18273

1 0 0 -86.33565 -167.2632
0 1 0 11.94673 23.71449
0 0 0.99929 19.7343 41.00598
 0 0 0 -30.27043 -60.14889

Normalize 1 0 0 -86.33565 -167.2632

R4(-1/30) 0 1 0 11.94673 23.71449
0 0 0.99929 19.7343 41.00598
0 0 0 1.009014 2.004963

1 0 0 0 4.328842 w= 4.328842
0 1 0 0 -0.024502 x= -0.024502
0 0 0.99929 0 1.809074 y= 1.809074
0 0 0 1.009014 1.98705 z= 1.98705
 Using Gauss Jordan Method

A= 9 0 1 0 1/9*R1 = R1
0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1
0 0 1 0

1 0 0.111111 0
0 0 1 0 Interchange R2 & R3
1 1 1 1
0 0 1 0

1 0 0.111111 0
1 1 1 1 -R1+R2=R2
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0

1 0 0.111111 0
0 1 0.888889 1 -R3+R4=R4
0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0

1 0 0.111111 0 Since there is three non-zero rows, the rank of the matrix is 3.
0 1 0.888889 1
0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0

ANSWER: RANK 3
nk of the matrix is 3.
GAUSS SEIDEL METHOD
ITERATION T1 T2
Equations 0 0.00 0.00
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 C 1 150.00 150.00
-4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 -600 t1 2 215.63 206.25
2 -4 0 1 0 0 0 0 -300 t2 3 246.09 237.89
1 0 -4 1 1 0 0 0 -300 t3 4 264.05 258.43
0 1 2 -4 0 1 0 0 0 t4 5 275.56 271.14
0 0 1 0 -4 1 1 0 -300 t5 6 282.50 278.69
0 0 0 1 2 -4 0 1 0 t6 7 286.58 283.09
0 0 0 0 2 0 -6 1 -500 t7 8 288.96 285.65
0 0 0 0 0 2 2 -6 -200 t8 9 290.33 287.13
10 291.13 287.99
11 291.59 288.48
T1 = (-600-t2-T3)/-4 12 291.86 288.76
T2= (-300-2t1-t4)/-4 13 292.01 288.93
T3= (-300-t1-t4-t5)/-4 14 292.10 289.02
T4= (-t2-2t3-t6)/-4 15 292.15 289.08
T5= (-300-t3-t6-t7)/-4 16 292.18 289.11
T6 = (-t4-2t5-t8)/-4 17 292.20 289.13
T7= (-500-2t5-t8)/-6 18 292.21 289.14
T8= (-200-2t6-2t7)/-6 19 292.21 289.15
20 292.21 289.15
21 292.22 289.15
ANSWER: 22 292.22 289.15
T1= 292.22 23 292.22 289.15
T2= 289.15 24 292.22 289.15
T3= 279.72 25 292.22 289.15
T4= 272.18 26 292.22 289.15
T5= 254.48 27 292.22 289.15
T6= 240.13 28 292.22 289.15
T7= 198.06 29 292.22 289.15
T8= 179.40 30 292.22 289.15
31 292.22 289.15
32 292.22 289.15
33 292.22 289.15
34 292.22 289.15
35 292.22 289.15
T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
112.50 93.75 103.13 75.00 117.71 97.57
178.13 159.38 167.71 148.09 155.50 134.53
218.29 205.64 205.47 187.78 174.25 154.01
243.79 233.45 226.45 210.09 184.49 164.86
258.86 249.74 238.36 222.83 190.26 171.03
267.65 259.20 245.19 230.15 193.57 174.57
272.74 264.68 249.12 234.37 195.47 176.61
275.69 267.85 251.38 236.81 196.56 177.79
277.39 269.68 252.69 238.21 197.20 178.47
278.38 270.74 253.45 239.02 197.56 178.86
278.94 271.35 253.88 239.49 197.77 179.09
279.27 271.70 254.13 239.76 197.89 179.22
279.46 271.90 254.28 239.92 197.96 179.29
279.57 272.02 254.36 240.01 198.00 179.34
279.63 272.09 254.41 240.06 198.03 179.36
279.67 272.13 254.44 240.09 198.04 179.38
279.69 272.15 254.46 240.11 198.05 179.39
279.70 272.16 254.47 240.12 198.05 179.39
279.71 272.17 254.47 240.13 198.06 179.39
279.71 272.18 254.47 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
279.72 272.18 254.48 240.13 198.06 179.40
 f(x)= x-2sinx f(x)= x-2si
Incremental Method Bisection Me

f(x1)*
∆x x1 f(x1) x1+∆x f(x1+∆x) f(x1+∆x) a
1 0.2 -0.197339 1.2 -0.664078 0.131048 0.2
1 1.2 -0.664078 2.2 0.583007 -0.387162 0.25
0.1 1.2 -0.664078 1.3 -0.627116 0.416454 0.275
0.1 1.3 -0.627116 1.4 -0.570899 0.35802 0.2875
0.1 1.4 -0.570899 1.5 -0.49499 0.28259 0.29375
0.1 1.5 -0.49499 1.6 -0.399147 0.197574 0.296875
0.1 1.6 -0.399147 1.7 -0.28333 0.11309 0.298438
0.1 1.7 -0.28333 1.8 -0.147695 0.041846 0.299219
0.1 1.7 -0.28333 1.8 -0.147695 0.041846 0.299609
0.1 1.8 -0.147695 1.9 0.0074 -0.001093 0.299805
0.01 1.8 -0.147695 1.81 -0.133054 0.019651 0.299902
0.01 1.8 -0.147695 1.81 -0.133054 0.019651 0.299951
0.01 1.8 -0.147695 1.81 -0.133054 0.019651 0.299976
0.01 1.81 -0.133054 1.82 -0.118218 0.015729 0.299988
0.01 1.82 -0.118218 1.83 -0.103189 0.012199 0.299994
0.01 1.83 -0.103189 1.84 -0.087966 0.009077 0.299994
0.01 1.84 -0.087966 1.85 -0.07255 0.006382 0.299994
0.01 1.85 -0.07255 1.86 -0.056943 0.004131 0.299994
0.01 1.86 -0.056943 1.87 -0.041143 0.002343 0.299994
0.01 1.87 -0.041143 1.88 -0.025152 0.001035 0.299994
0.01 1.88 -0.025152 1.89 -0.008971 0.000226 0.299994
0.01 1.88 -0.025152 1.89 -0.008971 0.000226
0.01 1.89 -0.008971 1.9 0.0074 -6.64E-05
0.001 1.89 -0.008971 1.891 -0.007343 6.587E-05
0.001 1.891 -0.007343 1.892 -0.005712 4.194E-05
0.001 1.892 -0.005712 1.893 -0.00408 2.33E-05
0.001 1.893 -0.00408 1.894 -0.002446 9.977E-06
0.001 1.894 -0.002446 1.895 -0.000809 1.979E-06
0.001 1.895 -0.000809 1.896 0.000829 -6.71E-07
0.0001 1.895 -0.000809 1.8951 -0.000646 5.226E-07
0.0001 1.895 -0.000809 1.8951 -0.000646 5.226E-07
0.0001 1.8951 -0.000646 1.8952 -0.000482 3.112E-07
0.0001 1.8952 -0.000482 1.8953 -0.000318 1.533E-07
0.0001 1.8952 -0.000482 1.8953 -0.000318 1.533E-07
0.0001 1.8953 -0.000318 1.8954 -0.000154 4.913E-08
0.0001 1.8953 -0.000318 1.8954 -0.000154 4.913E-08
0.0001 1.8954 -0.000154 1.8955 9.391E-06 -1.45E-09
 f(x)= x-2sinx f(x)= x-2sinx
Bisection Method False Position

b Xo f(Xo) x f(x) b f(b)

0.3 0.25 -0.244808 0.2 -0.197339 1.2 -0.664078
0.3 0.275 -0.268094 -0.222803 0.219125 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.2875 -0.279611 0.423223 -0.39818 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.29375 -0.285337 -482.4507 -484.4041 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.296875 -0.288192 1.999188 0.179917 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.298438 -0.289617 1.875159 -0.032917 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.299219 -0.290329 1.89989 0.007219 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.299609 -0.290685 1.894563 -0.001525 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.299805 -0.290863 1.895693 0.000325 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.299902 -0.290951 1.895452 -6.91E-05 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.299951 -0.290996 1.895503 1.469E-05 1.6 -0.39915
0.3 0.299976 -0.291018
0.3 0.299988 -0.291029
0.3 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
0.299994 0.299994 -0.291035
 f(x)= x-2sinx
Newton Rapson Method

x f(x) f'(x) ∆x
0.2 -0.197339 -0.960133 0.205533
-0.005533 0.005533 -0.999969 -0.005533
1.129E-07 -1.13E-07 -1 1.129E-07
-9.53E-22 9.529E-22 -1 -9.53E-22
 Gregory-Newton interpolation method

A. B.
x f(x) ∆f ∆2f ∆3f x
4 -10 4
22
5 12 22 5
44 6
6 56 28 6
72 6 x 4.5
7 128 34 p 0.5 7
106 6 fo -10
8 234 40 ∆f 22 8
146 6 ∆2f 22
9 380 46 ∆3f 6 9
192 fp -1.375
10 572 10
f(x) ∆f ∆2f ∆3f
-10
22
12 22
44 6
56 28
72 6
128 34 x 6.4
106 6 p 0.4
234 40 fo 56
146 6 ∆f 72
380 46 ∆2f 34
192 ∆3f 6
572 fp 81.1
Second-Order Polynomial

i 1 2 3 4 5 6
X 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
Y 0.0674 -0.9156 1.6253 3.0377 3.3535 7.9409
X^2 0 0.25 1 2.25 4 6.25
X^3 0 0.125 1 3.375 8 15.625
X^4 0 0.0625 1 5.0625 16 39.0625
X^2Y 0 -0.2289 1.6253 6.834825 13.414 49.63063
XY 0 -0.4578 1.6253 4.55655 6.707 19.85225

Matrix Inverse
A B A
6 7.5 13.75 15.1092 0.821429 -1.178571 0.357143
7.5 13.75 28.125 32.2833 -1.178571 2.907143 -1.071429
13.75 28.125 61.1875 71.27585 0.357143 -1.071429 0.428571

a0 -0.181386
a1 -0.322089
a2 1.353686
 Sum trend line
7.5
10
15.1092
13.75 8
28.125
f(x) = 1.35368571428571 x² − 0.322088571428573 x − 0.181385714285713
61.1875 6 R² = 0.925062877452779
71.27585 f(x) = 4.63677048989081 ln(x) + 1.78262430526583
R² = 0.831710353287251
32.2833 4

2
B
15.1092 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
32.2833
71.27585 -2
3

2.5 3
 Runge-Kutta 4th order (RK4) method

y'=2t^2+(1/t)y y(1)=4
h=0.4 step ti t(0) y h k1 t y k2
0 1 0 4
1 1.4 1 4 0.4 2.4 1.2 5.2 2.885333
2 1.8 1.4 6.943577 0.4 3.551879 1.6 8.719516 4.227879
3 2.2 1.8 11.2312 0.4 5.087821 2 13.77511 5.955021
4 2.6 2.2 17.24684 0.4 7.00779 2.4 20.75074 8.066456
5 3 2.6 25.37451 0.4 9.31177 2.8 30.03039 10.56206
6 3.4 3 35.99818 0.4 11.99976 3.2 41.99806 13.44176
7 3.8 3.4 49.50187 0.4 15.07175 3.6 57.03774 16.70553
8 4.2 3.8 66.26956 0.4 18.52774 4 75.53343 20.35334
9 4.6 4.2 86.68525 0.4 22.36774 4.4 97.86912 24.38519
10 5 4.6 111.133 0.4 26.59173 4.8 124.4288 28.80107

h=0.2 step ti t(0) y h k1 t y k2

0 1 0 4 0.2
1 1.2 1 4 0.2 1.2 1.1 4.6 1.320364
2 1.4 1.2 5.327982 0.2 1.463997 1.3 6.05998 1.608305
3 1.6 1.4 6.943965 0.2 1.775995 1.5 7.831963 1.944262
4 1.8 1.6 8.89595 0.2 2.135994 1.7 9.963947 2.328229
5 2 1.8 11.23194 0.2 2.543993 1.9 12.50393 2.760203
6 2.2 2 13.99992 0.2 2.999992 2.1 15.49992 3.240183
7 2.4 2.2 17.24791 0.2 3.503992 2.3 18.9999 3.768166
8 2.6 2.4 21.02389 0.2 4.055991 2.5 23.05189 4.344151
9 2.8 2.6 25.37588 0.2 4.655991 2.7 27.70388 4.968139
10 3 2.8 30.35187 0.2 5.303991 2.9 33.00387 5.640129
11 3.2 3 35.99986 0.2 5.999991 3.1 38.99985 6.36012
12 3.4 3.2 42.36785 0.2 6.74399 3.3 45.73984 7.128112
13 3.6 3.4 49.50383 0.2 7.53599 3.5 53.27183 7.944104
14 3.8 3.6 57.45582 0.2 8.37599 3.7 61.64382 8.808098
15 4 3.8 66.27181 0.2 9.26399 3.9 70.9038 9.720093
16 4.2 4 75.9998 0.2 10.19999 4.1 81.09979 10.68009
17 4.4 4.2 86.68779 0.2 11.18399 4.3 92.27978 11.68808
18 4.6 4.4 98.38378 0.2 12.21599 4.5 104.4918 12.74408
19 4.8 4.6 111.1358 0.2 13.29599 4.7 117.7838 13.84807
20 5 4.8 124.9918 0.2 14.42399 4.9 132.2037 15.00007

h=0.05 step ti t(0) y h k1 t y k2

0 1 0 4
1 1.05 1 4 0.05 0.3 1.025 4.15 0.307502
2 1.1 1.05 4.307625 0.05 0.315375 1.075 4.465312 0.323251
3 1.15 1.1 4.631 0.05 0.3315 1.125 4.79675 0.339751
4 1.2 1.15 4.970875 0.05 0.348375 1.175 5.145062 0.357001
5 1.25 1.2 5.328 0.05 0.366 1.225 5.511 0.375001
6 1.3 1.25 5.703125 0.05 0.384375 1.275 5.895312 0.393751
7 1.35 1.3 6.097 0.05 0.4035 1.325 6.29875 0.413251
8 1.4 1.35 6.510375 0.05 0.423375 1.375 6.722062 0.433501
9 1.45 1.4 6.944 0.05 0.444 1.425 7.166 0.454501
10 1.5 1.45 7.398625 0.05 0.465375 1.475 7.631312 0.476251
11 1.55 1.5 7.875 0.05 0.4875 1.525 8.11875 0.498751
12 1.6 1.55 8.373875 0.05 0.510375 1.575 8.629062 0.522001
13 1.65 1.6 8.896 0.05 0.534 1.625 9.163 0.546001
14 1.7 1.65 9.442125 0.05 0.558375 1.675 9.721312 0.570751
15 1.75 1.7 10.013 0.05 0.5835 1.725 10.30475 0.596251
16 1.8 1.75 10.60937 0.05 0.609375 1.775 10.91406 0.622501
17 1.85 1.8 11.232 0.05 0.636 1.825 11.55 0.649501
18 1.9 1.85 11.88162 0.05 0.663375 1.875 12.21331 0.677251
19 1.95 1.9 12.559 0.05 0.6915 1.925 12.90475 0.705751
20 2 1.95 13.26487 0.05 0.720375 1.975 13.62506 0.735001
21 2.05 2 14 0.05 0.75 2.025 14.375 0.765001
22 2.1 2.05 14.76512 0.05 0.780375 2.075 15.15531 0.795751
23 2.15 2.1 15.561 0.05 0.8115 2.125 15.96675 0.827251
24 2.2 2.15 16.38837 0.05 0.843375 2.175 16.81006 0.859501
25 2.25 2.2 17.248 0.05 0.876 2.225 17.686 0.892501
26 2.3 2.25 18.14062 0.05 0.909375 2.275 18.59531 0.926251
27 2.35 2.3 19.067 0.05 0.9435 2.325 19.53875 0.960751
28 2.4 2.35 20.02787 0.05 0.978375 2.375 20.51706 0.996001
29 2.45 2.4 21.024 0.05 1.014 2.425 21.531 1.032001
30 2.5 2.45 22.05612 0.05 1.050375 2.475 22.58131 1.068751
31 2.55 2.5 23.125 0.05 1.0875 2.525 23.66875 1.106251
32 2.6 2.55 24.23137 0.05 1.125375 2.575 24.79406 1.144501
33 2.65 2.6 25.376 0.05 1.164 2.625 25.958 1.183501
34 2.7 2.65 26.55962 0.05 1.203375 2.675 27.16131 1.223251
35 2.75 2.7 27.783 0.05 1.2435 2.725 28.40475 1.263751
36 2.8 2.75 29.04687 0.05 1.284375 2.775 29.68906 1.305001
37 2.85 2.8 30.352 0.05 1.326 2.825 31.015 1.347001
38 2.9 2.85 31.69912 0.05 1.368375 2.875 32.38331 1.389751
39 2.95 2.9 33.089 0.05 1.4115 2.925 33.79475 1.433251
40 3 2.95 34.52237 0.05 1.455375 2.975 35.25006 1.477501
41 3.05 3 36 0.05 1.5 3.025 36.75 1.522501
42 3.1 3.05 37.52262 0.05 1.545375 3.075 38.29531 1.56825
43 3.15 3.1 39.091 0.05 1.5915 3.125 39.88675 1.61475
44 3.2 3.15 40.70587 0.05 1.638375 3.175 41.52506 1.662
45 3.25 3.2 42.368 0.05 1.686 3.225 43.211 1.71
46 3.3 3.25 44.07812 0.05 1.734375 3.275 44.94531 1.75875
47 3.35 3.3 45.837 0.05 1.7835 3.325 46.72875 1.80825
48 3.4 3.35 47.64537 0.05 1.833375 3.375 48.56206 1.8585
49 3.45 3.4 49.504 0.05 1.884 3.425 50.446 1.9095
50 3.5 3.45 51.41362 0.05 1.935375 3.475 52.38131 1.96125
51 3.55 3.5 53.375 0.05 1.9875 3.525 54.36875 2.01375
52 3.6 3.55 55.38887 0.05 2.040375 3.575 56.40906 2.067
53 3.65 3.6 57.456 0.05 2.094 3.625 58.503 2.121
54 3.7 3.65 59.57712 0.05 2.148375 3.675 60.65131 2.17575
55 3.75 3.7 61.753 0.05 2.2035 3.725 62.85475 2.23125
56 3.8 3.75 63.98437 0.05 2.259375 3.775 65.11406 2.2875
57 3.85 3.8 66.272 0.05 2.316 3.825 67.43 2.3445
58 3.9 3.85 68.61662 0.05 2.373375 3.875 69.80331 2.40225
59 3.95 3.9 71.019 0.05 2.4315 3.925 72.23475 2.46075
60 4 3.95 73.47987 0.05 2.490375 3.975 74.72506 2.52
61 4.05 4 76 0.05 2.55 4.025 77.275 2.58
62 4.1 4.05 78.58012 0.05 2.610375 4.075 79.88531 2.64075
63 4.15 4.1 81.221 0.05 2.6715 4.125 82.55675 2.70225
64 4.2 4.15 83.92337 0.05 2.733375 4.175 85.29006 2.7645
65 4.25 4.2 86.688 0.05 2.796 4.225 88.086 2.8275
66 4.3 4.25 89.51562 0.05 2.859375 4.275 90.94531 2.89125
67 4.35 4.3 92.407 0.05 2.9235 4.325 93.86875 2.95575
68 4.4 4.35 95.36287 0.05 2.988375 4.375 96.85706 3.021
69 4.45 4.4 98.384 0.05 3.054 4.425 99.911 3.087
70 4.5 4.45 101.4711 0.05 3.120375 4.475 103.0313 3.15375
71 4.55 4.5 104.625 0.05 3.1875 4.525 106.2187 3.22125
72 4.6 4.55 107.8464 0.05 3.255375 4.575 109.4741 3.2895
73 4.65 4.6 111.136 0.05 3.324 4.625 112.798 3.3585
74 4.7 4.65 114.4946 0.05 3.393375 4.675 116.1913 3.42825
75 4.75 4.7 117.923 0.05 3.4635 4.725 119.6547 3.49875
76 4.8 4.75 121.4219 0.05 3.534375 4.775 123.1891 3.57
77 4.85 4.8 124.992 0.05 3.606 4.825 126.795 3.642
78 4.9 4.85 128.6341 0.05 3.678375 4.875 130.4733 3.71475
79 4.95 4.9 132.349 0.05 3.7515 4.925 134.2247 3.78825
80 5 4.95 136.1374 0.05 3.825375 4.975 138.0501 3.8625
 t y k3 t y k4 yi Actual Error
4 4 0
1.2 5.442667 2.966222 1.4 6.966222 3.558349 6.943577 6.944 0.000423
1.6 9.057516 4.312379 1.8 11.25596 5.093324 11.2312 11.232 0.000803
2 14.20871 6.041741 2.2 17.27294 7.012534 17.24684 17.248 0.001157
2.4 21.28007 8.154679 2.6 25.40152 9.315926 25.37451 25.376 0.001492
2.8 30.65554 10.65136 3 36.02587 12.00345 35.99818 36 0.001816
3.2 42.71906 13.53188 3.4 49.53007 15.07507 49.50187 49.504 0.002132
3.6 57.85463 16.79629 3.8 66.29816 18.53075 66.26956 66.272 0.002442
4 76.44623 20.44462 4.2 86.71418 22.37049 86.68525 86.688 0.002747
4.4 98.87785 24.4769 4.6 111.1621 26.59427 111.133 111.136 0.003049
4.8 125.5335 28.89312 5 140.0261 31.20209 139.9967 140 0.003348

t y k3 t y k4 yi Actual Error
1 0
1.1 4.660182 1.331306 1.2 5.331306 1.464551 5.327982 5.328 1.837E-05
1.3 6.132134 1.619405 1.4 6.947387 1.776484 6.943965 6.944 3.495E-05
1.5 7.916096 1.955479 1.6 8.899445 2.136431 8.89595 8.896 5.031E-05
1.7 10.06006 2.339537 1.8 11.23549 2.544387 11.23194 11.232 6.481E-05
1.9 12.61204 2.771583 2 14.00352 3.000352 13.99992 14 7.865E-05
2.1 15.62001 3.25162 2.2 17.25154 3.504322 17.24791 17.248 9.202E-05
2.3 19.13199 3.779651 2.4 21.02756 4.056297 21.02389 21.024 0.000105
2.5 23.19597 4.355678 2.6 25.37957 4.656275 25.37588 25.376 0.000118
2.7 27.85995 4.9797 2.8 30.35558 5.304256 30.35187 30.352 0.00013
2.9 33.17193 5.65172 3 36.00359 6.000239 35.99986 36 0.000142
3.1 39.17992 6.371737 3.2 42.37159 6.744225 42.36785 42.368 0.000154
3.3 45.9319 7.139752 3.4 49.5076 7.536212 49.50383 49.504 0.000166
3.5 53.47589 7.955765 3.6 57.4596 8.3762 57.45582 57.456 0.000178
3.7 61.85987 8.819777 3.8 66.2756 9.264189 66.27181 66.272 0.00019
3.9 71.13186 9.731787 4 76.0036 10.20018 75.9998 76 0.000202
4.1 81.33984 10.6918 4.2 86.6916 11.18417 86.68779 86.688 0.000213
4.3 92.53183 11.69981 4.4 98.38759 12.21616 98.38378 98.384 0.000225
4.5 104.7558 12.75581 4.6 111.1396 13.29616 111.1358 111.136 0.000236
4.7 118.0598 13.85982 4.8 124.9956 14.42415 124.9918 124.992 0.000248
4.9 132.4918 15.01183 5 140.0036 15.60014 139.9997 140 0.000259

t y k3 t y k4 yi Actual Error
4 1 0
1.025 4.153751 0.307684 1.05 4.307684 0.315378 4.307625 4.307625 2.361E-08
1.075 4.469251 0.323435 1.1 4.63106 0.331503 4.631 4.631 4.624E-08
1.125 4.800876 0.339935 1.15 4.970935 0.348378 4.970875 4.970875 6.802E-08
1.175 5.149376 0.357185 1.2 5.32806 0.366002 5.328 5.328 8.906E-08
1.225 5.515501 0.375185 1.25 5.703185 0.384377 5.703125 5.703125 1.094E-07
1.275 5.900001 0.393935 1.3 6.09706 0.403502 6.097 6.097 1.292E-07
1.325 6.303625 0.413435 1.35 6.510435 0.423377 6.510375 6.510375 1.485E-07
1.375 6.727125 0.433685 1.4 6.94406 0.444002 6.944 6.944 1.672E-07
1.425 7.17125 0.454685 1.45 7.398685 0.465377 7.398625 7.398625 1.856E-07
1.475 7.63675 0.476435 1.5 7.87506 0.487502 7.875 7.875 2.036E-07
1.525 8.124375 0.498935 1.55 8.373935 0.510377 8.373875 8.373875 2.212E-07
1.575 8.634875 0.522186 1.6 8.89606 0.534002 8.896 8.896 2.385E-07
1.625 9.169 0.546186 1.65 9.442185 0.558377 9.442125 9.442125 2.555E-07
1.675 9.7275 0.570936 1.7 10.01306 0.583502 10.013 10.013 2.723E-07
1.725 10.31113 0.596436 1.75 10.60944 0.609377 10.60937 10.60938 2.888E-07
1.775 10.92063 0.622686 1.8 11.23206 0.636002 11.232 11.232 3.051E-07
1.825 11.55675 0.649686 1.85 11.88169 0.663377 11.88162 11.88163 3.211E-07
1.875 12.22025 0.677436 1.9 12.55906 0.691502 12.559 12.559 3.37E-07
1.925 12.91188 0.705936 1.95 13.26494 0.720377 13.26487 13.26488 3.528E-07
1.975 13.63238 0.735186 2 14.00006 0.750002 14 14 3.683E-07
2.025 14.3825 0.765186 2.05 14.76519 0.780376 14.76512 14.76513 3.837E-07
2.075 15.163 0.795936 2.1 15.56106 0.811501 15.561 15.561 3.99E-07
2.125 15.97462 0.827436 2.15 16.38844 0.843376 16.38837 16.38838 4.141E-07
2.175 16.81812 0.859686 2.2 17.24806 0.876001 17.248 17.248 4.291E-07
2.225 17.69425 0.892686 2.25 18.14069 0.909376 18.14062 18.14063 4.44E-07
2.275 18.60375 0.926436 2.3 19.06706 0.943501 19.067 19.067 4.588E-07
2.325 19.54737 0.960936 2.35 20.02794 0.978376 20.02787 20.02788 4.735E-07
2.375 20.52587 0.996186 2.4 21.02406 1.014001 21.024 21.024 4.881E-07
2.425 21.54 1.032186 2.45 22.05619 1.050376 22.05612 22.05613 5.026E-07
2.475 22.5905 1.068936 2.5 23.12506 1.087501 23.125 23.125 5.17E-07
2.525 23.67812 1.106436 2.55 24.23144 1.125376 24.23137 24.23138 5.314E-07
2.575 24.80362 1.144686 2.6 25.37606 1.164001 25.376 25.376 5.456E-07
2.625 25.96775 1.183686 2.65 26.55969 1.203376 26.55962 26.55963 5.598E-07
2.675 27.17125 1.223436 2.7 27.78306 1.243501 27.783 27.783 5.74E-07
2.725 28.41487 1.263936 2.75 29.04694 1.284376 29.04687 29.04688 5.88E-07
2.775 29.69937 1.305186 2.8 30.35206 1.326001 30.352 30.352 6.02E-07
2.825 31.0255 1.347186 2.85 31.69919 1.368376 31.69912 31.69913 6.16E-07
2.875 32.394 1.389936 2.9 33.08906 1.411501 33.089 33.089 6.299E-07
2.925 33.80562 1.433436 2.95 34.52244 1.455376 34.52237 34.52238 6.438E-07
2.975 35.26112 1.477686 3 36.00006 1.500001 36 36 6.576E-07
3.025 36.76125 1.522686 3.05 37.52269 1.545376 37.52262 37.52263 6.713E-07
3.075 38.30675 1.568436 3.1 39.09106 1.591501 39.091 39.091 6.85E-07
3.125 39.89837 1.614936 3.15 40.70594 1.638376 40.70587 40.70588 6.987E-07
3.175 41.53687 1.662187 3.2 42.36806 1.686001 42.368 42.368 7.123E-07
3.225 43.223 1.710187 3.25 44.07819 1.734376 44.07812 44.07813 7.259E-07
3.275 44.9575 1.758937 3.3 45.83706 1.783501 45.837 45.837 7.395E-07
3.325 46.74112 1.808437 3.35 47.64544 1.833376 47.64537 47.64538 7.53E-07
3.375 48.57462 1.858687 3.4 49.50406 1.884001 49.504 49.504 7.665E-07
3.425 50.45875 1.909687 3.45 51.41369 1.935376 51.41362 51.41363 7.8E-07
3.475 52.39425 1.961437 3.5 53.37506 1.987501 53.375 53.375 7.934E-07
3.525 54.38187 2.013937 3.55 55.38894 2.040376 55.38887 55.38888 8.068E-07
3.575 56.42237 2.067187 3.6 57.45606 2.094001 57.456 57.456 8.202E-07
3.625 58.5165 2.121187 3.65 59.57719 2.148376 59.57712 59.57713 8.335E-07
3.675 60.665 2.175937 3.7 61.75306 2.203501 61.753 61.753 8.468E-07
3.725 62.86862 2.231437 3.75 63.98444 2.259376 63.98437 63.98438 8.601E-07
3.775 65.12812 2.287687 3.8 66.27206 2.316001 66.272 66.272 8.734E-07
3.825 67.44425 2.344687 3.85 68.61669 2.373376 68.61662 68.61663 8.867E-07
3.875 69.81775 2.402437 3.9 71.01906 2.431501 71.019 71.019 9E-07
3.925 72.24937 2.460937 3.95 73.47994 2.490376 73.47987 73.47988 9.131E-07
3.975 74.73987 2.520187 4 76.00006 2.550001 76 76 9.263E-07
4.025 77.29 2.580187 4.05 78.58019 2.610376 78.58012 78.58013 9.395E-07
4.075 79.9005 2.640937 4.1 81.22106 2.671501 81.221 81.221 9.526E-07
4.125 82.57212 2.702437 4.15 83.92344 2.733376 83.92337 83.92338 9.657E-07
4.175 85.30562 2.764687 4.2 86.68806 2.796001 86.688 86.688 9.788E-07
4.225 88.10175 2.827687 4.25 89.51569 2.859376 89.51562 89.51563 9.919E-07
4.275 90.96125 2.891437 4.3 92.40706 2.923501 92.407 92.407 1.005E-06
4.325 93.88487 2.955937 4.35 95.36294 2.988376 95.36287 95.36288 1.018E-06
4.375 96.87337 3.021187 4.4 98.38406 3.054001 98.384 98.384 1.031E-06
4.425 99.9275 3.087187 4.45 101.4712 3.120376 101.4711 101.4711 1.044E-06
4.475 103.048 3.153937 4.5 104.6251 3.187501 104.625 104.625 1.057E-06
4.525 106.2356 3.221437 4.55 107.8464 3.255376 107.8464 107.8464 1.07E-06
4.575 109.4911 3.289687 4.6 111.1361 3.324001 111.136 111.136 1.083E-06
4.625 112.8152 3.358687 4.65 114.4947 3.393376 114.4946 114.4946 1.096E-06
4.675 116.2087 3.428437 4.7 117.9231 3.463501 117.923 117.923 1.109E-06
4.725 119.6724 3.498937 4.75 121.4219 3.534376 121.4219 121.4219 1.122E-06
4.775 123.2069 3.570187 4.8 124.9921 3.606001 124.992 124.992 1.135E-06
4.825 126.813 3.642187 4.85 128.6342 3.678376 128.6341 128.6341 1.148E-06
4.875 130.4915 3.714937 4.9 132.3491 3.751501 132.349 132.349 1.161E-06
4.925 134.2431 3.788437 4.95 136.1374 3.825376 136.1374 136.1374 1.174E-06
4.975 138.0686 3.862687 5 140.0001 3.900001 140 140 1.187E-06
 Taylor Series Expansion

Taylor Series Expansion of cos x at x = 0

𝑦 (0)=cos⁡〖 0=1 〗
𝑦^′ (0)= 〖− sin 〗〖
⁡ 0=0 〗
𝑦^′′ (0)= 〖− cos 〗〖 ⁡ 0=−1 〗
⁡ 0=0 〗
𝑦^′′′ (0)= 〖 sin 〗〖
𝑦^𝑖𝑣 (0)= 〖 cos 〗〖 ⁡ 0=1 〗

Since the pattern continues with a period of 4

cos⁡〖𝑥 = 〗 ∑ _(𝑘=0)^∞▒(𝑓^𝑘 〖 (𝑥−𝑥_0) 〗 ^𝑘)/𝑘!

cos⁡〖𝑥 = 〗 ∑ _(𝑘=0)^∞▒(𝑓^𝑘 〖 (𝑥) 〗 ^𝑘)/𝑘!

cos⁡〖𝑥 = 〗 1+0(𝑥)+(−1) 𝑥^2/2!+(0) 𝑥^3/3!+(1) 𝑥^4/4!++(0) 𝑥^5/5!+…

cos⁡〖𝑥 = 〗 1−𝑥^2/2!+𝑥^4/4!−𝑥^6/6!+𝑥^8/8!−…
Taylor Series Method

y' = -y + e-x y(0)=4

𝑦^′=−𝑦+𝑒^(−𝑥)= −4+ 𝑒^(−0)=−4+1=−3

𝑦^′′=−𝑦^′−𝑒^(−𝑥)=3− 𝑒^(−0)=3−1=2 xo yo yo'
𝑦^′′′=−𝑦^′′+𝑒^(−𝑥)= −2+ 𝑒^(−0)=−2+1=−1 0 4 -3
𝑦^𝑖𝑣=−𝑦^′′′−𝑒^(−𝑥)=1− 𝑒^(−0)=1−1=0
𝑦^𝑣=−𝑦^𝑖𝑣+𝑒^(−𝑥)=0+ 𝑒^(−0)=0+1=1
𝑦^𝑣𝑖=−𝑦^𝑣−𝑒^(−𝑥)=−1− 𝑒^(−0)=−1−1=−2
yo'' yo''' yoiv yov yovi x y Actual Error
2 -1 0 1 -2 2.3 0.487318 0.631631 0.144313