FLORIAN HEINZELMANN | NUS DOA | M.

ARCH 1 AY20/21 SEM 2

RUMAH GADANG
VERNACULAR TIMBER STUDY
Tan Wenkai, Rafael

3
1

MATRIARCHAL SOCIETY LEGEND DISTINCTIVE ROOF SHAPE LEGEND

The Rumah Gadang is defined by its distinctive roof form, a refined variation of the 1. Sarambi - Verendah covered by steep roof The roof resembles the a boat or the horns of a buffalo. It provides good ventilation 1. Lonteng - Attic used to store paddy
Austronesian saddle-back roof. It is not only ornamental but suits the needs of the 2. Balai - meeting place in the house and protection from the rain. For this Rumah Gadang, it has a roof form known as 2. Kandang - A space enclosed by woven bamboo used
residents. 3. Labuah - hallway separating Balai and Bandua sapik kalo or scorpion tweezers as a pen for chickens and ducks
4. Bandua - Space for meals and prayers
The Rumah Gadang acts as a residence, a hall for family meetings, and for ceremo- 5. Bilak - Space for the unmarried daughters, for rest
nial activities. In the matrimonial Minangkabau society, the Rumah Gadang is owned and sleeping
by the women of the family who live there with ownership passed from mother to
daughter

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 ROOF CONNECTION DETAILS
1. Tongue and Groove Joint
2. Bird Mouth Joint
3. Mortise and Tenon Joint
Roof Ornamentation 4 4. Thatch Roof

Thatch Roof

Singo - Woven Bamboo Pegged

to Roof
3

ROOF BEAM JOINT

Ridge Board Two roof beams overlap to connect to the column by a
mortise and tenon joint

Battens

Rafter

Columns

Beams

Windows FLOOR CONSTRUCTION DETAIL

1. Column/ Post
2. Beam
3. Timber Floor Joist
4. Secondary Bamboo Joist
1 5. Bamboo Floor (Jantai Buluah)

5
4 2

Concrete Stairs
Woven Bamboo Wall
Wall Structure (Attached to Columns)

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MEIKEN LAMWOOD CORP | NKS ARCHITECTS
CONTEMPORARY TIMBER STUDY
Tan Wenkai, Rafael

2 4

3 5

OFFICE AND CAFE SPACE LEGEND DIAGONAL LATTICE STRUCTURE LEGEND

This building was designed to be the headquarters for the Meiken Lamwood Corp. 1. Office Space This project is defined with its diagonal lattice like structure and V-shaped roof. 1. V shaped beams
They wanted a hot desking office space and a cafe for socializing. The entire building 2. Elevator Skylights above allow light to enter the narrow space as the large windows are found 2. Skylight
covers an area of 991 sqm. 3. Staircase only on the ends of the building.
4. Atrium
The entryway, which is on the floor plan’s eastern side, invites office workers into 5. Entrance
a meeting area. The offices are then situated above the huge central atrium, which
connects them. The structure is displaced as the building is shaped to fit the site. The
lattice-like frames gently divide the room, creating an integrated space.

FLORIAN HEINZELMANN | NUS DOA | M.ARCH 1 AY20/21 SEM 2 176 FLORIAN HEINZELMANN | NUS DOA | M.ARCH 1 AY20/21 SEM 2 177
 STEEL PLATE CONNECTION
Steel “X” Plate inserted into centre of joint and secured
with 10 dowels

Skylight

Steel Lattice Truss

Aluminium Roof Clad over STEEL CONNECTION TO FOUNDATION

V-shaped CLT panels
Concrete Footer with Steel I-Beam with steel plate
t=120
extending up to connect with CLT structure with dowels.
Floor Boards
CLT t=120

V-shaped Floor Beams

CLT t=150

Rhombus Structure CLT

t=150
Partial Steel Structure
CLT Wall t=150

Steel Lattice Truss

STRUCTURAL FRAME
The frame system is a structure in which diagonal
lattices of laminated timber are arranged in paral-
lel, and v-shaped beams and roofs using large spans
Windows of CLT. Since the rhombus is a seismic element, the
CLT wall need only be in a direction orthogonal to
the rhombus with steel columns and the CLT wall.
Foundation Reinforced
Concrete t=300
Aluminium capping Mullion and Glass
clad on structure

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APE HUMAN CITY North Elevation East Elevation
DESIGN PROJECT
Tan Wenkai, Rafael

January 0930 May 0930

January 1630 May 1930

RESIDENTIAL AND COMMUNAL SPACES LEGEND APE AND MAN

The spaces are organised in a hexagonal grid that circles a central courtyard. Within 1. Residential Units
the structure are trapezoidal modular units that are split into either ape residences, 2. Community Spaces
human residences or community spaces. 3. Central Courtyard
The residential units are placed on the North and South while the less used community
spaces are placed on the East and West. The sun study shows the effects of the
layered units have on the inner courtyard. Working with the sun-shading sails, they
shade it from the morning and afternoon sun.
2000 Lux
FLORIAN HEINZELMANN | NUS DOA | M.ARCH 1 AY20/21 SEM 2
The North elevation can be seen with a high density of units as well as the brise soliel on the east and western end of the elevation providing
protection from the sun. The East elevation is open as only community spaces and balconies are present there. Large Sails are placed to shade
the interior courtyard from the morning/evening sun. The East and West elevation receives the harsh morning/afternoon sun and would not be
preferable for the residential units
Apes and Man will have differing circulation paths throughout this building. Apes are able to move vertically using the structure or the underside of
the staircases to reach their units that are freestanding without corridors. Man will have to rely on the staircase to move to their units. Their units
would also have to have a platform or corridor for them to stand on when exiting.
12000 Lux
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FOUNDATION AND STRUCTURE RAFTERS AND STAIRCASES STEEL DOWEL AND PLATE
A core with 6 hot dipped galvenised steel plates is used
to join 6 CLT beams together. After the plates are wedged
into the beams, steel dowels are used to secure the
beams to the plates.

STEEL DOWEL AND PLATE

A hexagonal hot dipped galvenised steel sleeve is made
to fit snugly around the columns with a dowel to secure
it in place. Afterwich the steel plate extending out is used
to secure beams to the column. It is able to connect
TRAPEZOIDAL MODULAR UNITS SUN-SHADING AND ROOF more than one beam as shown in this example.

POST AND BEAM CONNECTION

A hole is cut out of the column at points that the beam is
required to go through.

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
1. Concrete footer with CLT hexagonal structural frames

2. Staircases and secondary structure placed between main frame

3. Modular units placed over the secondary structure

4. Sun-shading and Roof placed onto individual units and structure

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