Work energy

Ana Berescu
 WORK AND FORCE
RELATIONSHIP
Force and work are directly proportional to each
other, while force and displacement are indirectly
propotional. The equation showing the relationship is
W= Fd. W represents work measured in joules; F
represents force in newtons; and d represents
distance in meters.
FORMULA AND UNIT OF
WORK:
Work = Force × Distance

The SI unit for work is the joule

(J)
Second law of Newton
The second law states that the rate of change of
momentum of an object is directly proportional to the
force applied, or, for an object with constant mass, that
the net force on an object is equal to the mass of that
object multiplied by the acceleration.
 WORK-ENERGY
THEOREM
The kinetic energy of the block increases as a
result by the amount of work. This relationship is
generalized in the work-energy theorem. The
work W done by the net force on a particle
equals the change in the particle's kinetic energy
KE: W=ΔKE=12mv2f−12mv2i.
KINETIC ENERGY

Kinetic energy is a property of a moving

object or particle and depends not only
on its motion but also on its mass. The
kind of motion may be translation (or
motion along a path from one place to
another), rotation about an axis,
vibration, or any combination of
motions.

Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of the object and

to the square of its velocity: K.E. = 1/2 m v2
POTENTIAL ENERGY
Potential energy is the energy stored within an
object, due to the object's position, arrangement or
state.
Potential energy is one of the two main forms of
energy, along with kinetic energy.
 HOOKE'S LAW
Hooke's law is a law of physics that states that
the force (F) needed to extend or compress a
spring by some distance (x) scales linearly with
respect to that distance—that is, Fs = kx, where k
is a constant factor characteristic of the spring
(i.e., its stiffness), and x is small compared to the
total possible deformation of the spring.
How to calculate potential energy for a spring:
Our elastic potential energy calculator uses the
following formula:
U = ½kΔx2
where:
k is the spring constant. It is a proportionality
constant that describes the relationship
between the strain (deformation) in the spring
and the force that causes it. Its value is always
real and positive. The units are Newtons per
meter;
Δx is the deformation (stretch or compression)
of the spring, expressed in meters; and
U is the elastic potential energy in Joules.
Energy transformation for
simple pendulum
As a pendulum swings, its potential energy converts
to kinetic and back to potential. Recall the concept
of conservation of energy—that energy may change
its form, but have no net change to the amount of
energy.
AVERAGE POWER
It is the average amount of work done or energy
converted per unit of time. The average power is
often simply called "power" when the context
makes it clear. The instantaneous power is then
the limiting value of the average power as the
time interval Δt approaches zero.

A simple way to think of the average power is just the peak power
times the duty factor.