INFORMATION SYSTEM

An information system is an organizational system designed to collect, store, process,

and give out information to support decision making and control in an organization ..
Information systems can also be defined as an integration of components for collection,
storage and processing data of which the data is used to give information as well
contribute to knowledge.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

FEEDBACK

Fig1.: information System Data Processing Model.

The computer age introduced a new identity to businesses, academic institutes and

many other organizations: a set of components known as information System which
deals with collecting, storing and organizing data and information. An information
system consists of five different components. I.e. ComputerHardware, Computer
Software, Telecommunications, Databases and data warehouses, Human resources
and procedures.
 Computer Hardware: It is a physical technology that works in coordination with
the information. Computer Hardware can be small as well as a big. It can be as
small as a cell phone or as massive as a supercomputer. Hardware also includes
external components that work with computer, like keyboards, external disk,
drives, and routers.
 Computer Software: Software is a set of instruction that guides the hardware to
implement a given task. Software are of two types: system software and
application software. System software like: Windows, Android or IOS, manages
 the hardware operation and Application software is designed for doing specific
task like: creating a document, designing Web pages, etc.
 Telecommunications: The networking communication or Telecommunications
component is made up of hardware and software that connects to form a
network. This can be done through Ethernet cables, fiber optics, or wireless.
 Databases and data warehouses: This component can be described as a
collection of data or facts. This component consists of a massive amount of data
that is stored by a large organization, a small company or even from a single
user. Multiple form of data makes a database.
 Human resources and procedures: This is possibly the most important
component of information system. Without human resources and the knowledge
they have regarding the system the data cannot be turned into learning and
interpreted as required. To achieve a desired output Human resources and the
process they follow are must.

Role of information system in a business:

The information system is vital for any organization for survival or to keep up with the
competition or to even get ahead of it in the current age. We can find a small family-
owned restaurant to a fitness gym all making use of the information system in some way
for their business (Wallace, 2015).Big organizations make use of such system to bring
innovation and get ahead of the competition.Information System (IS) helps in the
decision-making process by providing business intelligence which can be used to
analyze and understand the current trend, user habits and a lot more.

Information System has given access to a whole new world by allowing people and
organization to collaborate with other teams from any part of the world. With tools like
Skype, Google Meet and other developed systems, people can communicate and work
on projects while discussing, exchanging or sharing files from anywhere and at any
time. With the help of the information system the business world got a huge uplift and
put on a major stand for development.

Conclusion
Database:
Database is a collection of meaningful data stored in a proper manner that enables
information to be fetched as needed. The data in a database is stored in a digital form
called DBMS. Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of programs to access
the data in the system. DBMS provides an environment that is both convenient and
efficient to use.

Due to the efficiency of database system, organization are growing and getting more
from their work as they can keep all of their records. It helps to access information and
data about people or products faster and efficiently.

Application of Database:
Database is required to keep records and data for any organization, from railway
reservation system to keep records of ticket booking, departure and arrival status to
social media sites for gathering and storing information of people to help connect with
other people. Database is used by different organizations related with different field.
Likewise, in Military sector database is used to store information of millions of soldiers
which has millions of files that should be kept secured and safe. A DBMS provides a big
security assurance to the military information. As in Finance where data related to
money is stored in registers and files. Most of the organization uses DBMS as a primary
source of data storage as it is reliable, efficient and easy to use. Other examples of
organization using DBMS include Telecommunications, Online Shop businesses,
Manufacturing companies, Airline Reservation System, etc. From a small shop to a big
organization DBMS is useful for everyone.