MOCK ANSWER STPM 2018

CHEMISTRY SEM 2 (962/2)

16 (a) Group 15 [1] 19. (a) m1 : Group 2 are metals [1]
- There are 5 valance electron [1] m2 : hold by metallic bonds [1]
th
- 6 electron removed from an inner shell [1] m3 : where each element delocalised two electrons to
(b) (i) Al2O3 - giant ionic crystal lattice [1] interact with metallic ion [1]
- SiO2 : giant covalent structure [1] m4 : Mg and Ca are hold by hexagonal close pack [1]
- SO3 : simple covalent molecules [1] m5 : Sr and Ba are hold by open body center cubic [1]
(ii)Mg2+ higher charge & smaller ionic radius than Na+ [1] (b) m6 : thermal stability of Mg(OH)2 is greater than
- Lattice energy of MgO is greater than Na2O [1] Mg(NO3)2 [1]
m7 : Mg(OH)2  MgO + H2O [1]
17. (a) X : chloride ion [1] m8 : 2 Mg(NO3)2  2 MgO + 4 NO2 + O2 [1]
- Y : iodide ion [1] m9 : due to hydroxide ion is smaller than nitrate ion [1]
- Z : bromide ion [1] m10 : polarisability of OH- is smaller than NO3- [1]
(b) H2SO4 + Br  HSO4 + HBr
- -
[1] m11 : ionic character of Mg2+–OH– is greater than Mg2+–
- 2 HBr + H2SO4  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O [1] NO3– [1]
(c) HX , HZ , HY [1] (c) m12 : BeCl2 aqueous solution is acidic [1]
(d) chlorine is a stronger oxidising agent that H2SO4 [1] m13 : as BeCl2 is a covalent compound [1]
m14 : [Be(H2O)4]2+ undergoes hydrolysis [1]
18. (a)(i) m1 : LE = Hf – [Hatom Ag + ½ (BE of Cl2) + m15: [Be(H2O)4] + H2O  [Be(OH)(H2O)3] + H3O [1]
2+ + +

1st IE Ag + 1st EA Cl] @

LE =(–127) – [(+285) + 1/2 (+243) + (+731) + (–394)] [1] 20. (a) m1 : silicon is a metalloid [1]
m2 :- LE = –870.5 kJ mol-1 [1] m2 : diamond is non-metal [1]
m3 :- Hsoln = Hhyd – lattice energy @ m3 : hence an insulator [1]
[(–464) + (–364)] – [–870.5] [1] m4 : There’s a small gaps between conduction band and
m4 :- = + 42.5 kJ mol-1 [1] valence band in silicon [1]
m5 – m7 : each wrong enthalpy change -1 m m5 : where the conductivity can be increased by
Energy / kJ increasing temperature [1]
+ – m6 : or adding dopant such as boron or phosphorous [1]
Ag (g) + Cl (g)
m7 : valence band and conduction band in diamond has a
[(–464) + (–364)] large energy gaps [1]
(– 870.5) Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
(b) m8 : C in CO2 is sp hybridised [1]
m9 : CO2 is a simple covalent molecule [1]
(+ 42.5) m10 : hold by weak Van Der Waals’ forces [1]
AgCl (s) m11 : therefore exist as gas under room temperature [1]
m12 : Si in SiO2 is sp3 hybridised [1]
(ii) m8 : AgBr is less soluble than AgCl [1] m13 : SiO2 is a giant covalent structure [1]
m9 : since Br- has greater ionic radius than Cl- [1] m14 : each Si is covalently bonded to 4 other O atoms [1]
m10 : both Hhyd and lattice energy of AgBr is lesser than m15 : hence SiO2 exist as solid [1]
AgCl [1]
(b) m11 : mol H+ = (0.431)(100.0)/1000 @ 0.0431 mol [1]
m12 : mol OH- = 2 (0.216)(100.0)/1000 @ 0.0432 mol [1]
m13 : q = (–56.2 x 103) x 0.0431 mol @ 2422 J [1]
m14 :  = 2422 / (100.0 + 100.0) (4.18) @ 2.900C [1]
m15 : Tfinal = 20.5 + 2.90 = 23.4oC [1]
 Section A
Combustion equation for hydrogen under standard condition is H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g)  H2O (l), which
1. C
hence is the same with the standard enthalpy change of formation for water.
C2H2 (g) + 5/2 O2 (g)  2 CO2 (g) + H2O (l).
2. D
Hrxn = Hprod – Hrctn ; Hc = [2(–393.5) + (–285.9)] – [(+226.7) + 0] ; Hc = - 1299.6 kJ mol-1
H2 is showing equation of reversed lattice energy (see direction of arrow) (A wrong) ; H2 (Hsoln)
3. D may be positive or negative, depend on the Group 2 sulphate (B wrong) ; H3 (Hhyd) of BaSO4 is less
negative than MgSO4 since the Ba2+ is larger than Mg2+ (C wrong) ; As going down group 2 ; lattice
energy and hydration magnitude decreased as the cationic radius increased (D right)
Fe (s)  Fe2+ (aq) + 2e- E0 = + 0.44 V ; 4 H+ (aq) + O2 (g) + 4e-  2 H2O (l) Eo = + 1.23V
Eocell = + 1.67 V (A right) ; since reaction is spontaneous, hence solution turned to green (B wrong) ;
4. A
as time passed, [H+] decreased with time (C wrong) ; while Fe is anode while Pt is cathode so e- flow
from Fe to Pt (D wrong)
Overall equation : Al (s) + 3 Ag+ (aq)  Al3+ (aq) + 3 Ag (s) ; hence Al act as anode since it oxidised
5. B (A wrong) ; while Ag+ which is reduced act as oxidising agent (B right) ; E0cell = E0cat – E0ano ; so
+2.46V = (+0.80V) – E0ano ; E0ano = –1.66 V (C wrong) ; since the since 1 Al = 3 Ag ; 1(27.0)  3(108)
0.059 [Mg 2 ]dilute From the equation, E0 = 0V (A right) ; 0.059 (0.25) ;
E cell  0  lg E cell  0  lg
2 [Mg 2 ]conc 2 (1.0)
6. A Ecell = + 0.018V (B wrong) ; Mg(OH)2 cannot be electrolyte since it is sparingly soluble in water (C
wrong) and concentration cell equation is Mg2+ (conc.)  Mg2+ (dilute) hence Mg2+ (conc) act as
anode of the cell (D wrong)
When layer of oxide is removed, Al can still react with oxygen to form Al2O3 ; while phosphorous and
7. B
sulphur react with oxygen to form P4O6 or P4O10 and SO2 or SO3. Chlorine cannot react with oxygen
SO2 is suitable to use as preservative instead of SO3 due to when dissolve in water, it form weak acid
8. D
of H2SO3 while SO3 form H2SO4 which is a strong acid
Stability of Group 2 nitrate and carbonate increase down Group MCO3 → MO + CO2 ; Cationic
radius increase/Be2+ has small ionic radius ; Be2+ ion has higher charge density ; therefore higher
9. C
polarising power ; electron cloud of CO32- distorted by small Be2+ ; This weakens the C-O bond in the
CO32- ; BeO is more stable than BeCO3 as ionic bond strength in BeO is greater
10. C SnCl4 form white fume as it undergoes hydrolysis in water SnCl4 + 2 H2O  SnO2 + 4 HCl.
Structure shows pyroxene which is a single chain silicate where each silicate share two of its oxygen
11. A
atoms.
Since P and Q is non radioactive element at room temperature, while P is a dark solid, making P is
iodine, while Q must be higher than iodine in Group 17 as astatine is radioactive. Therefore Q may be
12. D
bromine (liquid) or chlorine or flourine (gas) and hence a stronger oxidising agent than P, more
soluble in water and vaporised when heated.
13. D H2 + I2 ↔ 2 HI ; (heated to 4500C + Pt as catalyst)
Since Cu3+/Cu2+ is the most positive, hence the strongest oxidising agent (A wrong) ; Based on
equation : 4 M3+(aq) + 2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4M2+(aq) Only Mn3+ ; Co3+ ; Ni3+ and Cu3+ point
is above than the line +1.23V hence only these ions are able to react with water (B wrong) ; Since Cr2+
14. C
[Cr3+/Cr2+ (E0 value more negative) anode] react with V3+ [ V3+/V2+ (E0 value less negative) cathode]
hence the reaction is spontaneous (C right) ; while E0 value of Ti3+/Ti2+ is negative hence its an anode,
which indicates Ti2+ can be oxidise while Ti3+ cannot be reduced (D wrong)
Oxidation state o Fe in K3Fe(CN6) is +3, therefore the only metal ion which has M3+ (or +3 oxidation
15. A
state) is Cr(NH3)3Cl3 is also +3+ while other is +2.