GROUP 8

MEMBERS:

VICMAR L. TRINIDAD

CARMELA P. WENCESLAO

PAULA S. TABIGUE

BABY GIE TAUSA

KAREEN JOY S. TIPUDAN

COURSE: BSEDMATH 3

SUBJECT: MATH 138

DATE:

SUBMITTED TO: DONELL CERENO

TITLE

The Correlation between an Arm span and Foot height Among Third Year BSED-
Mathematics Students?

AUTHORS

MEMBERS:

VICMAR L. TRINIDAD

CARMELA P. WENCESLAO

PAULA S. TABIGUE

BABY GIE TAUSA

 KAREEN JOY S. TIPUDAN

I. Introduction

There are many ways to identify the characteristics of a person. One of these
is identifying the arms span and the foot height. An arm span is the distance
between the middle fingertips on each hand when you stretch your arms out as far
as they can reach while foot length is a measure of the distance from the heel to the
longest toe of the left foot, when the subject stands with the weight evenly distributed
on both feet.

This study will focus on establishing the relationship between two variables,
“Arm span” and the “Foot Height”. It will look for the variables that seem to interact
with each other. It is the basis on having the interest on gathering the information of
the said topic.

The aims of this study were to find the relationship between the foot height and arm
span to the male and female and to identify the measurement that correlates most
closely to their arm span and foot height.

II. Objectives

The research purpose is to examine if there is a correlation between arm span

and foot length

III. Review of Related Literature

IV. Description of The Research Context

This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Hind Institute of Medical
Science, Ataria, Sitapur, UP. After obtaining an institutional ethical clearance from
the institute, a total no. of 125 students (86 males and 39 females) were included for
this study.

V. Data Collection And Analysis

The subjects for this study were having a total of 38 (8 males and 30 females)
students, were selected. Their ages ranged between 18 to 25 years. This age group
was selected because by this age the growth of the individual ceases. The Arm span
of each student was measured with a flexible steel tape from the tip of the middle
finger on one hand to the tip of the middle finger on the other hand with the individual
standing with his/her back to the wall with both arms abducted to 90°, the elbows
and wrists extended and the palms facing directly forward. Foot length was
measured as a direct distance from the most prominent point of the back of the heel
to the tip of the great toe or to the tip of second toe, when the second toe was larger
than great toe by spreading calliper. Height of the individual was measured in
standing erect anatomical position barefoot on the platform of stadiometer with the
upper back and heels pressed against the upright position of the instrument. The
head plate was brought into firm contact with the vertex while the subject’s head was
positioned in the horizontal plane [11, 12]. Two readings were taken for all the three
measurements and mean of the two readings for each factor was taken in to
consideration. Graph was plotted using first the arm-span and height of the person
and then using foot-length and height of the person. Regression curve for both these
graphs were drawn. The regression formulae thus derived from both the curves,
were used to calculate the height of the subject. The height calculated using both the
regression formulae for each factor (Armspan and foot-length) was compared with
actual height of the person and the deviation of the actual height from the height
calculated using each factor was noted.

VI. Findings and Results and Discussions

DISCUSSION

Steele and Chenier in a study on black and white women in the age group 35–89
reported correlations of arm span and height of 0.852 and 0.903 for black and white
women, respectively [15]. In a similar study of blacks of both sexes in the age group
22–49, a correlation of 0.87 was observed between arm span and height. These
results are almost similar to the correlation obtained in the present study (0.875 in
males, 0.856 in females) for the arms pan. Even though these relations are similar,
the estimation equations which we obtained are clearly different from those of other
populations. This emphasizes the need for developing separate models for each
population group based on the racial and ethnic differences in anthropometric
measurements. Similarly, various long bones and hand length has been used in the
estimation of height by many workers. However, foot dimensions have not frequently
been used to estimate the height of a person. In our study, correlation coefficient
between height and foot length is positive (+0.497 in males, 0.213 in females),
suggesting that it is significant. Charnalia in their study found that there was
significant correlation between height and foot length [16]. Qamra et al in 1980,
derived a regression equation between foot length and height in their study
consisting of North West India population. They found that the correlation coefficient
between foot length and height was, +0.69 in males and +0.70 in females [17]. Patel
et al in their study derived formula for estimation of height using foot length (y = 3.64
x + 75.45 for males and y = 3.43x + 75.41 for females) [11]. In the present study, the
formulae derived from foot length were y = 1.4 x+ 134.2 for males and y’ = 2.771 x’ +
94.65 for females.

VII. Conclusion

It can be concluded that both arm-span and foot length can be used in estimation of
the height of both males and females. Different regression formulae were derived
that can be used to calculate height when only arm-span is known (y = 0.770 x +
37.73 for males and y' = 0.650 x’ + 53.97 for females where y and y’ is heights and x

and x’ is arm-spans of the person) or if only foot length is available (y = 1.4 x+ 134.2
for males and y’ = 2.771 x’ + 94.65 for females where y and y’ is calculated height
and x and x’ is foot length of the person). It was also found that estimating height by
using arm-span as well as foot length showed less deviation in females as compared
to males. Both these anthropometric measure (arm-span and foot length) can be
used during autopsy of mutilated or decomposed body to assist in establishing
identity of the person.

VIII. References