List of Figures

Figur Figure Title page

e No.
B,1 Figure(4.1): Maximum Absorbance of Cu solutions
B,2 Figure(4.2): Calibration Curves of Cu solutions
B,3 Figure(4.3): Effect of Initial concentration on removal
percentage of Cu
B,4 Figure(4.4): ): data, variation Of Cu removal versus
adsorbent dose
B,5 Figure(4,5): Effect to particle size on removal percentage
of cu
B,6 Figure(4.6): Effect of contact time on removal percentage of
Cu
B,7 Figure (4.7): Experimental data of adsorption for
freundlich isotherm&Langmuir isotherm
B,8 Figure(4.8): Liner from of Langmuir isotherm of Cu /
sawdust system
B,9 Figure(4.9): Liner from of Freundlich isotherm of Cu /
sawdust system

List of Tables
Raw data for Figure (4.1): Maximum Absorbance of cu solutions

Wave length nm Absorbance

580 0.017
590 0.02
600 0.026
610 0.032
620 0.042
640 0.068
700 0.195
750 0.314
770 0.348
800 0.371
820 0.377
830 0.373
850 0.362
870 0.346
900 0.317
1000 0.228

Raw data for Figure (4.2): calibration curves of Cu solution

Concentration ppm Absorbance

0.5 0.008
1 0.060
2 0.092
3 0.134
4 0.189
Raw data for Figure (4.3): Effect of Initial concentration on
removal percentage of Cu

Absorbance Removal
Concentration ppm percentage (%)

0.5 12.5
1 8.3
2 4.3
3 2.9
4 2.6

Raw data for Figure (4.4): Variation Of Cu removal versus

adsorbent dose

Removal percentage Absorbance

of Cu, (%) Dose,g
0.1 12.5
0.3 18.5
0.5 37.5
0.7 43.75
0.9 62.5

Raw data for Figure (4.5): Effect to particle size on removal

percentage of cu

Removal percentage
)%( ,of Cu Particle size (μm)
75 300
37.5 400
12.5 600
 Raw data for Figure: Effect of contact time on removal percentage
of Cu

Absorbance removal
Time (min) percentage, (%)
15 12.5
30 25
60 62.5
90 75
120 75

Figure (4.7): Experimental data of adsorption for freundlich

isotherm&Langmuir isotherm

EXPERIMENT Co Ce 1/Ce Log Ln qe 1/qe

(mg/L) (mg/L) Ce Ce (mg/g) log qe
1 500 437.5 0.0022 2.64 6.08 3.47 0.288 0.540608
2 1000 916.6 0.0010 2.96 6.82 4.62 0.216 0.665546
3 2000 1913.0 0.0005 3.28 7.55 4.83 0.207 0.68403
4 3000 2912.4 0.0003 3.46 7.97 4.86 0.2055 0.687188
5 4000 3894.1 0.0002 3.59 8.26 5.87 0.1701 0.769296

Raw data for Figure (4.8): Liner from of Langmuir isotherm of

Cu / sawdust system

1/Ce 1/qe

0.002286 0.288
0.001091 0.216
0.000523 0.207
0.000343 0.2055
0.000257 0.1701

Raw data for Figure (4.9): Liner form of freundlich isotherm of

Cu / sawdust system
 log (C ¿¿ e) ¿ log (q¿¿ e )¿

2.640978057 0.540607512
2.962211439 0.665546249
3.28172484 0.684029655
3.464252329 0.687188174
3.59041601 0.769295686

APPENDIX A: Calculation sample of stock solution

Calculate the concentration of copper ions in a solution of copper
sulfate containing 8g copper sulfate at 1 liter of water.
g g g
Cu=63.54 S=32.065 O=15.99
mol mol mol
g
H=1.0079
mol
The weight of the material(W t )
Molarity ( M )=
The molecular weight of the material ( M w )∗The volume is∈liters(V l )

g g
M w =¿ (63.54 )+(32.065∗15.99¿
mol mol
g
+5( ( 2∗1.0079 ) +15.99)
mol
g
M w =249.64
mol
mol
l .
¿ 0.032

The weight of thematerial ( W t )

Normative ( N ) =
Equivalent weight of the material ( Ew )∗The volume is∈liters ( V l )

8 g
N= =8
1∗1 l

Dilution law of solution

M 1 V 1=M 2 V 2

Whereas:
M1: Initial solution concentration (before dilution).
M 2 :Concentration of the final solution (after dilution).
V 1: Volume of the initial solution (before dilution).
V2: Volume of final solution (after dilution).
The volume needed to be taken from the standard
g
solution to prepare a dilute solution Concentrated 0.5 l
in 300 ml of Distilled water.
g
8∗V 1=0.5 ∗300 ml
l

V 1=18.75 ml

By taking different concentration for solution, We get

several results for V 1 that they are shown in the next
table:
Example: V1, ml

0.5 18.75
1 37.5
2 75
3 112.5
4 150